Abstract: In an imaging section, an image of an object is converted to signal charge by photodiodes arranged in the form of a matrix, the signal charge is transferred to output circuits by vertical transfer paths, and then the signal charge transferred to the output circuits is converted to signal voltage by the output circuits. The signal voltage is output from the output circuits to a signal conversion section as signals. The signal conversion section performs a processing for the signals in parallel, and outputs the processed signals to a display section. In the display section, signals are converted to voltage by input circuits, and the voltage is respectively applied to drain buses. A vertical driving circuit scans gate buses, and supplies gate driving pulses. Field effect transistors supplied with the gate driving pulses store charge in response to the voltage applied to liquid crystal devices, thus displaying an image.

Abstract: An apparatus including a controller having an input for receiving an input signal is disclosed, the input signal having an audio component. A housing having an outer surface on which is fixed a conforming and surface covering light output device is also provided, whereby the controller enables creation of a visually dynamic decorative pattern on the surface of the housing dependent on the input signal and under the control of software programs. The controller enables creation of a visually dynamic decorative pattern on the surface of the housing dependent on the signal and under the control of pattern producing software. The input signal can be an audio, video, and/or environmental input signal. The output device can be visual display, audio speaker array, scent generator, and/or tactile device.

Abstract: A direct-type backlight module with photo sensors has a plurality of lamps, a plurality of the photo sensors for detecting illumination of corresponding lamps, a comparative and arithmetic unit for processing signals generated by the photo sensors, and a main lamp driving loop for receiving feedback signals generated by the comparative and arithmetic unit and adjusting a lamp current voltage outputted by a minor lamp driving loop of each lamp, so as to achieve an uniform illumination of each lamp.

Abstract: In an active-type electroluminescent (EL) display, a conductor interconnecting a cathode (55) of an EL panel (30, 40) and a connection terminal of a signal input substrate (35) has a multilayer structure formed of a cathode material and a conductive material used in a thin-film transistor forming step. The conductor may be formed of a conductive material used in a thin film transistor forming step. A metal material for a gate electrode or drain electrode is preferably used as the conductive material. The connection conductor structure can reduce the electrical resistance of the connection conductor, thus preventing a decrease in display intensity of an EL display.

Abstract: In each pixel of a display element, a memory circuit is made up of two complementary inverters which are connected to each other in a loop manner, and stores whether or not to light an Organic Emission Diode, according to a potential which is given via a select circuit in a select period. An output end of one of the inverters is directly connected to an anode of the Organic Light Emission Diode, and both TFTs of the inverter drive the Organic Light Emission Diode. Thus, even though dispersion in manufacturing occurs, it is possible to light/unlight the Organic Light Emission Diode at the same luminance level. As a result, even though dispersion occurs in characteristics of elements which make up a pixel, it is possible to realize a memory-integrated display element which can light the optical modulation element at the same luminance level.

Abstract: A first electrode layer 12, a first piezoelectric film layer 13, a second electrode layer 14, a second piezoelectric film layer 15, and a third electrode layer 16 are layered in that order on a substrate 11; these are constrained so as not to expand or contract in a thickness direction and a piezoelectric transducer is constructed thereby.

Abstract: Disclosed is a color conversion member which is improved in the prevention of a deterioration in color conversion function, the prevention of reflection of external light, and color rendering properties. The color conversion member comprises a transparent substrate, two or more types of color conversion layers, and a color filter layer. The color conversion layers function to convert incident lights for respective pixels to outgoing lights of colors different from the incident lights. The two or more types of color conversion layers are arranged on said transparent substrate. The color filter layer is provided on the transparent substrate side of any one of the color conversion layers or between the above any one of the color conversion layers and the color conversion layers adjacent to the above any one the color conversion layers.

Abstract: A lightweight, thin, small size adhesion type area sensor is provided. A pixel of the area sensor has an EL element as a light source, and a photodiode as a photoelectric conversion element. A TFT is used with the adhesion type area sensor for controlling the operation of the EL element and the photodiode.

Abstract: In a matrix-addressable optoelectronic apparatus which includes a functional medium in the form of an optoelectronically active material provided in a global layer in sandwich between a first and second electrode with parallel strip-like electrodes wherein the electrodes of the second electrode are oriented at an angle to the electrodes of the first electrode, functional elements are formed in the active material where respective electrodes overlap and correspond to optically active pixels in a display device or pixels in an optical detector, depending upon the active material used. In each of the first and second electrode, the electrodes are provided in a dense parallel configuration and mutually insulated by a thin film with a thickness that is only a fraction of the width of the electrodes.

Abstract: A self-illuminating solid-state color image capture device, includes: an array of light emitting elements and light sensing elements formed on a common substrate; the light emitting elements including first color elements adapted to emit light of a first color and second color elements adapted to emit light of a second color, and the light sensing elements being responsive to all emitted colors; and electronics coupled to the light emitting and light sensing elements for sequentially causing the first and second color elements to emit light and sensing the light reflected from a scene being captured with the light sensing elements.

Abstract: An optically addressed direct view photo luminescent display having a phosphor panel having multi-color pixelated surface with molecularly aligned materials therein and a printed bar code pixel identifier on an internal side for providing feedback of scanning beam to pixel registration.

Abstract: The invention provides a photoconductive switching element used for light switching of a functional element driven by an AC electric field or AC current which are highly functional and inexpensive and provides a device in which such a photoconductive switching element and a functional element such as a liquid display element are combined and incorporated, and an apparatus, a recording apparatus, and a recording method which are provided with the above-mentioned device. The photoconductive switching element has at least a light transmissible electrode layer, a charge generation layer, a charge transfer layer, and a charge generation layer laminated in this order on a light transmissible substrate. The photoconductive switching element is combined with a functional element to form a device of the present invention, and the device is incorporated in an apparatus or a recording apparatus to fabricate an apparatus or a recording apparatus respectively of the present invention.

Abstract: A display panel driving system, constituted in such a manner that the occurrence of a display irregularity on the display panel can be suppressed without regard to the characteristics or the driving condition of the display panel, is disclosed. An up-counter counts the number of the picture elements which emit light when the EL display panel is horizontally scanned, and the counting result thus obtained is outputted as an addressing signal to an EEPROM. Stored in the EEPROM are data maps MAP, MAP in which pulse width data are written at a plurality of addresses corresponding to the counting ranges of the up-counter. A signal generation means outputs a blank signal BLK which determines the pulse width of a data voltage on the basis of the pulse width data addressed by the up-counter.

Abstract: A problem to be solved by the invention is to prevent a digital convergence correction device from lowering in precision of correction performed when a relation between screen raster and effective area of picture varies. A vertical display area detection signal that corresponds to a position in vertical direction of a picture display area on a screen is generated in accordance with a vertical deflecting current. An address counter for generating an address for reading out correction data is controlled in accordance with the signal.

Abstract: A disaggregated color display, including a frame; an OLED display screen mounted in the frame; and an electrical/mechanical interface on the frame for releasably attaching the frame to any one of a plurality of different electronic devices.

Abstract: A display is provided with an insulative layer with electrical properties which have been selected so that the display can be addressed with a stylus and which minimizes the effects of stray triboelectrically generated charges. Also provided is a method of addressing such a display by depositing charges on a surface of the display, maintaining sufficient charge to effect an image change, and then removing the charges.

Abstract: Electroluminescent display device comprising drive circuitry (a number of alternatives is given) to determine the surface area of a pixel (via capacitance, reverse current) and adjust the current density in the pixel accordingly.

Abstract: A matrix type display is provided in which information is transmitted to a flat panel display element such as a liquid crystal or electroluminescent panel utilizing optical communication. Synchronization signals are transmitted from a synchronization circuit to scan electrode driving circuits through optical communication utilizing a plurality of pairs of light-emitting elements and light-receiving elements facing each other, and image data is transmitted from a memory circuit to signal electrode driving circuits through non-interfering optical communication signals utilizing a plurality of opposing pairs of light-emitting elements and light-receiving elements.

Abstract: An optical address section, a display section and light waveguides are provided on a substrate. The light waveguides are located between the optical address section and the display section. The optical address section includes first light emission elements, while the display section includes data electrodes, phototransistors and second light emission elements. The light emitted from the first light emission elements enters the phototransistors of the display section through the light waveguides and drives the phototransistors. In accordance with the phototransistors selected, the second light emission elements emit light upon application of a voltage of the data electrodes.

Abstract: An AMEL display is formed and operated in a manner to provide enhanced gray scale or color operation. The AMEL display is operated over consecutive illumination frames which are partitioned into a plurality of passes. The desired illumination intensity for a given pixel during each illumination frame is determined and the pixel is activated for a substantially equal duration in each pass to provide the desired illumination level for each frame. Each pass has an associated illumination profile signal composed of a plurality of discrete steps for selectively passing a number of illumination pulses to each active EL cell in the display in accordance with a pixel activation voltage loaded into each active EL cell. The pixel activation voltage and illumination profiles cooperate to distribute the number of illumination pulses in a substantially equal fashion in each pass of an illumination frame. Pixel driver circuits are disclosed for operating the pixel in accordance with the disclosed illumination methods.

Abstract: Disclosed is a practicable, image display device comprising a color-changing array 2 of a plurality of light-shielding layers 21 and a plurality of color-changing layers 22, of which at least one is a fluorescent layer, as disposed in series on a light-transmissive substrate 1 with being laterally spaced, and an array of a plurality of light-emitting layers 3 as laterally spaced to be in the position corresponding to each color-changing layer 22 in such a manner that the color-changing layers 22 receive emitted light from the light-emitting layers 3 to change it into different colors. The device is characterized in that the surface of the color-changing array 2 that faces the array of light-emitting layers 3 is planarized to thereby reduce its surface roughness to 2.0 .mu.m or lower. The images formed by the device have high visibility with little color mixing and color spread. The producibility of the device is high.

Abstract: A display device includes an EL element for signal light which is based on the segment matrix drive scheme and causes a plurality of areas to emit signal light containing light in a wavelength range other than the visible range, a photoconductive layer which generates carriers upon incidence of signal light, and an EL element for display light which is adjacent to the photoconductive layer. Signal light is irradiated onto desired areas of the photoconductive layer. Carriers are injected from the irradiated areas into the EL layer to emit display light containing visible light.

Abstract: A thin layer having a plurality of pixels is secured to a surface of a transparent substrate. A light emitting layer is formed in each of the pixels of the thin layer. A direction changing devices is provided for changing a direction of a light beam emitted from the light emitting layer and for radiating the light beam passing through the transparent substrate.

Abstract: The liquid crystal display apparatus of the invention includes a device-formed substrate, a counter substrate, and a liquid crystal layer interposed therebetween. The device-formed substrate includes: a plurality of display electrodes for applying display voltages to the liquid crystal layer; a plurality of active devices for supplying the display voltages to the plurality of display electrodes, respectively; and image inputting devices for inputting an image. In the liquid crystal display apparatus, image processing means is provided for processing the image input by the image inputting devices.

Abstract: The present invention related to a flat display employing light emitting device and electron multiplier. A flat display of the present invention is fabricated to comprise the following three parts: an electron emission part of a flat substrate, light emitting device being arrayed at regular intervals in one side of the substrate and driven by video signal voltage, and photoelectric material being coated on the other side of the substrate; an electron multiplication part which comprises an electron multiplier for multiplying electrons emitted from the electron emission part and a power supply of high voltage D.C. to provide driving force therefor; and, a phosphor-activated luminescence part made of a glass coated with red(R), green(G) and blue(B) phosphors corresponding to the light emitting device by one-to-one in a matrix array, which activates each R, G or B phosphor to emit light by accelerating and colliding electrons passing through the electron multiplier with the phosphor-coated side of the glass.

Abstract: An all-optical flat panel display system is based on the generation of photoluminescence within a doped, optical waveguide display matrix. Color photoluminescence is produced through an infrared, two-step photonic upconversion process and the subsequent radiative emission process. Established principles of solid-state laser design and electronic upconversion in a host glass substrate are applied. The present photoluminescent display technology provides for flat-panel display systems having luminous output efficiencies approaching 67 lumens/Watt. That efficiency increase results from employing efficient, innovative photoluminescent phosphors and from an optical cavity architecture which enhances the three physical process (row excitation, column excitation and spontaneous output emission) operating inside the pixel. The present system is thinner, lighter weight, more power efficient and more cost competitive to produce than existing technologies.

Abstract: A liquid crystal apparatus includes a liquid crystal device having a group of scanning lines and a group of signal lines intersecting each other to form a matrix of picture elements, and a chiral smectic liquid crystal disposed so as to form the picture elements. The device is driven by: (a) applying a scanning selection signal and a scanning non-selection signal to the scanning lines, (b) applying data signals having a predetermined voltage determined according to an environmental temperature and including a gradation data signal to the signal lines so as to provide a selected picture element at an intersection of a selected scanning line receiving the scanning selection signal and a selected signal electrode with a ratio between an area occupied with one orientation state and an area occupied by another orientation state, respectively of the chiral smectic liquid crystal, depending on given gradation data, and (c) periodically applying the scanning selection signal to the scanning lines.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device contains graphic information which is viewable both by direct, visual observation of the memory and electrically, e.g., via a TV screen. The device contains a semiconductor chip having a surface and an array of electrically addressable memory cells therewithin. A photograph is made on the chip for storing graphic information projected onto the chip. The photograph comprises pixels which themselves comprise variable value circuit elements of the cells, or which are optically coupled to cell circuit elements for controlling the values thereof in correspondence with the optical characteristics of the pixels. The circuit elements determine the memory content of the cells in correspondence with the graphic information stored in the photograph.