Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, an apparatus initiates a transaction and includes an acoustic data receiver, and microphone for receiving an audio signal having encoded data that is non-discernable by a listener and is transmitted as part of the audio signal. The microphone converts the sound waves into an electrical signal. A processor receives the electrical signal and retrieves transaction data that is part of the encoded data. A filter is associated with the microphone and removes a substantial portion of a human voice signal that may have been received within the microphone. Once the transaction data is retrieved, a telephone call can be originated and at least a portion of the transaction data can be transferred to a desired destination for initiating a transaction.

Abstract: A system for high-speed data transmission using a television signal to communicate encoded data. A multi-level encoding method is employed whereby raw data values are converted into one of a plurality of voltage levels. The encoding method allows for improved data transfer rates, conservation of bandwidth, and self-synchronization for decoding. Mock timing data signals are generated to comply with television signal standards, such as NTSC, SECAM, PAL and HDTV.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and to a system for detecting a first context change between two frames. When a second context change between a further two frames occurs within a predetermined time interval, the frames accommodated within the two context changes are defined as a subliminal message. An alarm is sent to an observer upon detection of a subliminal message.

Abstract: The present invention is a process in which broadcasters can supplement existing multimedia streams such as video and audio with additional multimedia streams in a coordinated and integrated way, allowing users, after reception of the broadcast stream, to select which sub-stream to use, without requiring an upstream channel to communicate this user preference back to the server or any additional bandwidth to broadcast these additional streams.

Abstract: A communication system for transmitting information by digital binary signaling over an optical channel as a series of light pulses each beginning with a minimum duration and thereafter being variable to represent different binary states. Transmission is between an optical transmitter based on a portion of a display screen in a display device and a photodetector in a signal processing system. Information is recovered by finding averaged sample values, and is evaluated by comparing it against an accumulated averaged sample based threshold derived from the optical signal at a selected intensity. The information received can be used to verify user inputs to the signal processing system.

Abstract: A receiver which receives two-channel multiplex broadcasting by using television sub audio. Two-channel data and/or facsimile data which are multiplexed on the broadcasting sub audio band of the television broadcasting wave including a video band, a main audio band and a sub audio band are displayed, printed and output. The receiver may have a device for displaying and printing data multiplexed on the sub audio band of the FM broadcasting wave, and further may have a device for displaying a television picture. The receiver may perform only one, some or all of the functions of displaying, printing and outputting multiplexed data.

Abstract: An interactive video system is disclosed that processes a video data stream and an associated data stream corresponding to the video data stream. The interactive video system displays a video image defined by the video data stream on a display device and performs interactive command functions specified by the associated data stream. The interactive command functions include commands that specify placement of a video display window, commands that specify parameters of graphical objects that are associated with the video image and commands that specify pixel data or graphics description for the graphical object and commands for placement of selection windows and that specify interactive functions for the selection windows.

Abstract: A method for improving the execution of significant bit scans on a data entity in a computer system is provided. The data entity is examined in a number of iterations equal to the base two logarithm of the size of the data entity in bits, N. Initially, half of the data entity is examined to determine if the significant bit is present. If not, the other half of the data entity is examined. The half within which the significant data entity resides is then iteratively halved and examined in each successive iteration of the method until the number of bits examined is equal to one.

Abstract: A method of encoding data in the visible portion of a transmitted video signal without degrading display of the received video signal, and for decoding the data in the received video signal. Each group of data bits to be transmitted, referred to a data symbol, is associated with one of a number of longer predetermined sequences of chips. Each chip sequence is divided into a multiplicity of lines of chips, and each line of chips together with its inverse are embedded, in pairwise fashion, in respective pairs of line scans of the video signal prior to its transmission. Received pairs of line scans are operated upon to detect the lines of chips they represent, and each of the number of chip sequences is correlated with the detected line of chips to derive a correlation magnitude. The chip sequence with the largest correlation magnitude is selected as the chip sequence whose data symbol was transmitted.

Abstract: A material storage unit copies materials to supply buffer units corresponding to a play list. The supply buffer units designate use frequency levels to individually copied materials. The use frequency levels are automatically updated corresponding to the number of times the relevant materials have been supplied. When materials are supplied from the supply buffer units, the relevant supply date/time is stored. When the material storage unit copies material to the supply buffer units, if they do not have blank areas, unnecessary materials are deleted therefrom. At this point, a material whose use frequency level is the lowest and that is not designated in a play list is deleted. When all materials are designated in a play list, a material whose supply date/time is the oldest and whose use frequency level is the lowest is deleted. In addition, a material whose use frequency level is for example "5" is not deleted.

Abstract: A television signal includes a video signal having at least luminance information and a signalling bit stream for conveying static control information bits relating e.g. to at least an aspect ratio of the video signal, in which a plurality of bits of an additional data signal are distributed over at least one bit of the signalling bit stream per frame of the video signal, whereby the signalling bit stream contains at least one varying bit in addition to the static control information bits.

Abstract: A scrambled broadcast system including a scrambler having a first generator for generating a first redundancy added data by adding a first redundancy data which changes over time to a message data, a second generator for generating a second redundancy added data by adding a second redundancy data which is obtained by executing a predetermined operation to the first redundancy added data generated in tho first generator, and an encryptor for executing a predetermined encrypting processing to the second redundancy added data generated in the second generator, a descrambler having a restoring unit for restoring the second redundancy added data by decrypting the encrypted data output from the decryptor, a discriminator for discriminating whether the operation operated in the second generator is realized to the second redundancy added data restored in the restoring unit or not and discriminating the rightness of the message data which is made by removing the first and the second redundancy data from the second red

Abstract: An FM teletext broadcast receiver having a page memory function of holding designed specific page data upon completion of an FM teletext broadcast program includes a data storage section. The data storage section includes a data storage area for storing received data, a state bit table for indicating the use state of each block in the data storage area, an information table for managing program data stored in the data storage area, a page memory state bit table in which a bit data value indicating whether page data in each block in the data storage area is held upon completion of a program is set and held, and a page memory information table in which table data of predetermined management items for each block in which the page data is held/set is stored. The data storage area is shared between a program data storage area and a page memory storage area to attain flexible memory allocation.

Abstract: An improved data inserter for inserting data into selected lines, including the vertical blanking interval, of a television or video signal. The data inserter includes a parallel interface for receiving data and a digital signal processor (DSP) for controlling the insertion of that data. A dual port memory structure is used to temporarily store data to be inserted. The dual port memory is associated with and connected to an autobuffer unit. Each video signal received by the inserter is provided to a switch which is also coupled to the autobuffer unit so that the switch may receive data stored in the dual port memory devices. When a selected line in a given video signal is detected by the DSP, it triggers the respective autobuffer unit which, in turn, transfers the data out of the dual port memory to the respective switch for insertion into the selected line of the video signal.

Abstract: Therefore, the object of the invention is to utilize the unused channel capacity of the television channel even more optimally for additional signals. Both on the transmitting, as well as the receiving side, the clock pulses for video and audio data to be additionally transmitted are generated from the FBAS useful signal by counting, weighting and decision-making, both signals being separately digitized, buffered, and compressed before being superimposed upon on the useful video signal. Subsequent to the same clock pulse generation, the steps follow in the reverse order on the receiver side. The implementation can be carried out on the transmitter side using additional equipment, on the receiver side by computer software or additional devices installed in the conventional TV set. The application can be carried out for any additional video and sound signals. A preferred special application is a community picture broadcast similar to a slide presentation.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for recovering an information carrier which has been transmitted as a sub-carrier in the lower VSB spectral region of a television signal. The invention utilizes a spectral inversion method to shift the data carrier frequency from the normal VSB spectral region to a spectral region normally associated with video information in a standard television signal. The data carrier is then recovered using a standard video demodulator and provided to a data utilization circuit, such as a QPSK demodulator.

Abstract: A television signal receiving apparatus and method is provided having channel decode means for receiving a signal with a video signal, a sound signal, a data signal, and additional data multiplexed to perform tuning, demodulation, and error correction on the received signal and a demultiplexor for separating the multiplexed signal to output coded data of each of the video signal, the sound signal, and the data signal and for extracting service information as one of additional data. A storage device is provided for storing the service information extracted from the demultiplexor, together with a write controller for controlling writing into the storage device, and a read controller for controlling reading of the storage device according to a user command entered by a user. A source decoder is also provided for decoding the coded data outputted from the demultiplexor using the information outputted from said storage device to output the video signal, the sound signal, and the data signal.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for watermarking an image or sequence of images without limiting the watermark signal. The watermarking apparatus includes a conventional DCT unit and quantizer for generating an array of quantized DCT coefficients. The array is watermarked by masking the array to select certain ones of the DCT coefficients that are then replaced by zero values to form a masked array. The masked array is further processed by a watermark inserter that replaces the zero valued coefficients with predefined watermark coefficients to form a watermarked array of DCT coefficients, e.g., a watermarked image. A decoder for decoding the bitstream thusly generated and for removing the embedded watermark is also taught.

Abstract: An identification code signal is hidden in a carrier signal (such as an electronic data signal or a physical medium) in a manner that permits the identification signal later to be discerned. The carrier signal can thereby be identified, or some machine responsive action can thereby be taken. The technique can be applied in video imagery embodiments to control associated video equipment, e.g. to serve as a copy control signal.

Abstract: A method of communicating a video image via an audio communication signal includes the steps of identifying, for a given pixel location of the video image, a set of samples within a stored audio signal having a corresponding bit pattern, generating a marker identifying the location of the given pixel in the video image, and multiplexing the stored audio signal and the marker such that the marker appears within the stored audio signal proximate to the set of samples having the corresponding bit pattern. This method can also include the steps of transmitting the multiplexed signal to a destination device, demultiplexing, at the destination device, to recover the marker and the corresponding bit pattern, illuminating a display at the given pixel location according to the corresponding bit pattern, and converting the corresponding bit pattern into an analog audio signal.

Abstract: An input processing section reduces the content of an input video signal according to reduction ratio data, and the reduced video signal is stored in field memories. A display processing section reads a reduced video signal from the field memories to execute window display processing thereto according to video size SIZ data and video position data (X, Y). In this event, an input video clock generator, controlling a writing operation to the field memories, computes video size SIZ data from the reduction ratio data, and writes the SIZ data as a header, along with the reduced video signal, into the field memories via the input processing section. The SIZ data is read to be output to the display processing section and a display video clock generator for controlling reading.

Abstract: A method and arrangement are disclosed for transmitting television programs via a plurality of channels, and an additional data service, for example, an Electronic Program Guide, via a selected television channel. While processing and displaying the program guide, prior art television receivers cannot continue the reproduction of a currently received TV program because the program is generally transmitted via a different channel. The invention provides a solution to this problem by duplicating a signal component representing, for example, the audio contents of the various television programs in said selected television channel. This allows customers to keep up with the service they were watching before, and to immediately return to the program if something of interest appears to happen. The invention is particularly applicable in Digital Video Broadcast (DVB) systems where each channel can accommodate a plurality of TV programs.

Abstract: A method and device for configuring a multimedia message for presentation. A multimedia message is formatted for presentation. First a formatted choice menu is presented for various multimedia categories in parallel. Upon one or more user selections in series, to each selection a monomedium item space is offered for enabling to enter an item for to the associated monomedium into that space. After termination of all selections, the message is formatted for transfer. In particular, the choice menu has various selector spots, each associated to a respective monomedium. After entering a particular user item into the associated space, a symbolizer of that item is displayed at a predetermined position next to any remaining selector spot in the menu.

Abstract: A digital watermark is inserted into multimedia data containing two image fields by placing a positive watermark into a first field and a negative watermark into a second field. The positive watermark and negative watermark are opposite of one another. The two fields can be interlaced fields of a field-based video signal or alternate rows of a frame-based video signal. The watermark is extracted from field-based watermarked data by separating the watermarked data into two fields and subtracting one of the fields from the other field to generate a watermarked signal. The resultant watermarked signal is processed in a conventional manner to extract and detect the watermark.

Abstract: A circuit for decoding additional information in a composite signal, the circuit having a filter device for separating a signal range in the composite signal, which includes the additional information in coded form. An adaptive decoding device is controlled by a signal quality parameter which is determined in an additional circuit from the respective reception state of the composite signal.

Abstract: A transmitting apparatus for an interactive communication system using a broadcast wave, which includes a first storage unit, a second storage unit, and a transmitting unit. The first storage unit stores a plurality of frames of image data. The second storage unit stores control information which shows links between said plurality of frames of image data stored in the first storage unit, and which indicates a combining of a supplementary design with the image data. These supplementary designs are stored by a receiving apparatus and are combined with the image represented by the image data. The transmitting unit repeatedly transmits a predetermined number of frames of image data together with corresponding control information.

Abstract: A system and method for receiving and rendering Unicode text in multiple languages on a set top box is disclosed. The system includes a set top box which receives an application program from a broadcast station. The set top box executes the application program. The application program includes Unicode character encoding text for display on a television coupled to the set top box. An operating environment running on the set top box includes a Unicode encoding engine which the application program invokes to display Unicode text. The encoding engine determines the language of characters in the text and invokes a rendering engine corresponding to the language of each character, thus enabling characters from different languages to be mixed in the same text string. The rendering engine has specific knowledge of the language, such as rendering direction and context.

Abstract: A system for providing efficient constant bit rate distribution of variable bit-rate encoded video programs while facilitating the distribution of encoded video programs, along with Auxiliary Data of a general character, to one or more receivers. At a particular receiver, a customized augmented video program is created by inserting selected portions of the Auxiliary Data into a selected encoded video program. The encoded video portion of the augmented video program can be transmitted, decoded and displayed in real time, while the Auxiliary Data need not be transmitted in real time but can be stored locally at the receiver for real-time presentation at a later time. Real time presentation might include insertion into the video program while non real-time presentation might include insertion into non-video applications separate from the video program.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for a) transmitting an value/benefit including a recordable product identification and offer of value, b) recording the product identification and value and c) reading the product identification and value at a point of purchase location and/or benefit redemption venue.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for ordering supplemental information about programs playing at a broadcast receiver. The method includes reproducing programs from one of a plurality of stations, recording an identification of a station and a time of a program, entering this information into one of a plurality of terminals, coupling the terminal to a depository and identifying a correspondence between the entered station identification and time and a program in a station log to obtain the desired supplemental information.

Abstract: A network system or terminal device utilizes a unique modulation scheme that enables the transmission of digital data over a wireless, cable or direct broadcast satellite TV channel without disturbing quality of television signals. A digital data stream of the network, for example, is transparently transmitted in the television channel in a superfluous sideband segment of the frequency spectrum using a technique, herein called vestigial quadrature modulation (VQM), that entails substituting the vestigial sideband of a conventional television signal with a sideband of a data-encoded signal, preferably being QAM-modulated. A sufficient portion of the television sideband spectrum displaced by the substituted data signal, e.g., to at least the 7.sup.th harmonic, is preserved for deriving sync information that is used both for clocking the digital data from the modulated data signal and for driving vertical and horizontal sync circuits of the television.

Abstract: A network terminal device utilizes a unique modulation scheme that enables the transmission of digital data over a wireless, cable or direct broadcast satellite TV channel without disturbing quality of television signals. A digital data stream of the network, for example, is transparently transmitted in the television channel in a superfluous sideband segment of the frequency spectrum using a technique, herein called vestigial quadrature modulation (VQM), that entails substituting the vestigial sideband of a conventional television signal with a sideband of a data-encoded signal, preferably being QAM-modulated. A sufficient portion of the television sideband spectrum displaced by the substituted data signal, e.g., to at least the 7.sup.th harmonic, is preserved for deriving sync information that is used both for clocking the digital data from the modulated data signal and for driving vertical and horizontal sync circuits of the television.

Abstract: A method for transferring multimedia information in a system including a primary site 101 and at least one satellite site 102 coupled to the primary site 101 by a transmission medium 103. Information defining each of a selected plurality of objects composing a multimedia presentation is compressed at primary site 101 using a compression/decompression protocol corresponding to a type of each of the objects. The compressed information is transferred to satellite site 102 from primary site 101 via medium 103. Scene information describing the multimedia presentation to be made from the objects is also transferred from primary site 101. The compressed information defining each of the objects is decompressed at satellite 102 using the corresponding compression/decompression protocol. The multimedia presentation composed of the selected objects is generated at satellite site 102 from the decompressed information as directed by the received scene information.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are provided for encoding, storing and decoding auxiliary information on an analog source signal in a way which has minimal impact on the human perception of the source information when the source signal is applied to an appropriate output device, such as a speaker or a display monitor. The autocorrelation function of a host signal is modulated according to the value of an auxiliary information signal by adding a host modifying signal to the host signal. The auxiliary signal is decoded by generating the autocorrelation function of the encoded signal and extracting the auxiliary signal according to well-known signal extraction techniques.

Abstract: A video transmission system and method including a technique for deriving clock information in a receiver from a transmitted analog video signal to decipher digital data encoded on the video signal. A phase-locked loop in the transmitter is used to phase-lock a color burst subcarrier in the video signal to a local oscillator in the phase-locked loop to phase-lock a data clock to the subcarrier. A phase-locked loop in the receiver is also used to phase-lock the subearrier of the transmitted video signal to a local oscillator in the phase-locked loop to again phase-lock a data clock to the subcarrier. By phase-locking a data clock to the subcarrier in both the transmitter and receiver, the data clock and the receiver can be synchronized to the data clock and the transmitter to provide for effective digital data recovery without the use of additional data bits for clock phase information.

Abstract: A method of error-free, simple programming of a data decoder for the purpose of recording desired data programs is achieved when a data guide table, generated at the transmitter end, for programming the recording, and a data status table for signaling the data programs currently running are evaluated. In addition to date, time, broadcasting company, identifying number and length of the files, the data guide table contains information on the hardware and software configurations, which is required for receiving, for decoding and for outputting the desired data program, and further information for automatically reloading software possibly missing at the receiver end. In this way, it is possible as early as during programming of a data program to carry out a check of the system configuration required at the receiver end and to output an error message or warning to the user if his own system is not suitable for receiving, decoding or outputting the desired data program.

Abstract: Method and arrangement for marking a video or audio signal to assign a classification to said signal, for example, to identify that the signal is authentic and may not be copied. The signal comprises at least two components (Y, UV) according to a predetermined standard (MPEG, PAL, NTSC). According to the invention, values are assigned to said components which in combination can normally not occur. For example, in black picture portions where Y, U and V are all zero, U and/or V are now wilfully made non-zero to constitute the watermark. Television receivers still display said black portion. The watermark is not lost when the signal is re-encoded and copied on a recordable disc. A player will not reproduce the copy because the watermark no longer corresponds with the "wobble key" of the new disc.

Abstract: Digital information is encoded in the video portion of a television signal such that "n" (n is an integer) bits of the digital information are carried by each successive frame in a group of frames. The digital information is encoded by modulating a carrier signal, using, for example, either amplitude shift keying (ASK) or frequency shift keying (FSK), and the modulated carrier is then added to the video signal selectively, only in portions of the television program that (a) are not likely to be perceptible by a viewer, and (b) are of sufficient intensity to transmit the data. The video signal including the encoded digital data, may be transmitted, in real time, to a television receiver, or recorded for later playback.

Abstract: A digital bit stream including video data is transmitted via a digital video transmission system for presentation on a television receiver. The video data is suitable for viewing on a television receiver having a first aspect ratio. Transmitted within a predefined field of the digital bit stream are pan-edit vectors which, when applied to the video data, produce a resulting signal suitable for presentation on a television receiver having a second aspect ratio. The digital video signal may comprise an MPEG video stream. The digital video transmission system may include a transmission link, such as a satellite transmission system, for transmission of the digital bit stream.

Abstract: A secondary packetized data stream, such as a commercial, is spliced with a primary packetized data stream, such as a network television program. The system does not require decompression of the data in the primary data stream, and is particularly suitable for use at a cable system headend to allow the insertion of commercials from local businesses into a nationally broadcast television program. When a start signal is received, a pre-splicing packet of the primary stream is determined. The pre-splicing packet is the packet closest to the start time which carries an anchor frame (e.g., I or P frame) start code. To prevent a potential discontinuity at the decoder, the pre-splicing packet is processed to discard the anchor frame data, and to insert a number of stuffing bytes which is equal to the number of bytes discarded into an adaptation field of the pre-splicing packet.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reducing video crosstalk in a data carrier located within a lower vestigial sideband (VSB) of a standard television signal. Specifically, an apparatus according to the invention comprises a single bandpass filter for conditioning a VSB television signal, and a frequency interleaver for spectrally adding the data carrier to the lower VSB of the standard VSB video signal. The filter removes removing video components from the lower VSB of a standard VSB video signal, including frequencies greater than the highest frequency nominally associated with the lower VSB of the standard television signal, illustratively 250 Khz above the nominal VSB bandedge. The filter also boosts frequencies in a spectral boost region within a passband for boosting region. The boosted frequencies comprise image frequencies associated with the non-VSB spectrum attenuated by the filter.

Abstract: A smart card is disclosed which receives, decodes, and stores encoded data signals comprising redeemable coupons. Encoded data coupons are embedded within television segments and are transmit along with the normal television segments. The smart card receives the luminescent signals which comprise the encoded data coupons directly from the display. The smart card decodes the data coupons. The coupon is then stored within the smart card for future use. The smart card is equipped with an LCD which enables UPC codes corresponding to each of the stored coupons to be utilized. A scanner reads the UPC codes at the coupon redemption site. Once redeemed, the coupon is erased from the memory in the smart cad. Advantageously, all of the functions including receiving, decoding, and storing the data signals are performed by the smart card.

Abstract: A method and device for inserting data onto one or more lines of one or more vertical blanking intervals of a television video signal, and in particular a television signal conforming to the NTSC (National Television Standards Committee) format.

Abstract: The invention provides a broadcasting signal receiver which can prevent a failure in reserved recording. A microcomputer decodes a VCR+code of a program desired to be recorded by reservation, which is inputted by way of a remote commander or the like, to obtain data of program starting and ending times and channel information. A channel indicated by the channel information is selected by a tuner circuit, and program table data is extracted from a character broadcasting signal multiplexed in a video signal by a decoder. It is discriminated whether or not one of the program starting times of programs included in the program table data coincides with the program starting time obtained by decoding of the VCR+code. A result of the discrimination is displayed on a monitor television. Only when it is discriminated that a coincident program starting time is present, the data of the program starting and ending times and the channel information are written into a reservation memory and registered for reservation.

Abstract: Colorwiping and dynamic positioning of subtitles is achieved by encoding and decoding the subtitles separately from the video image. At the encoder, subtitles are generated for each respective video image. Colorwiping is performed by changing the color of the subtitles at a certain location in the video image. At the decoder, a buffer stores the subtitles along with subtitle decoding information. A controller precisely times a reading operation of the buffer to read out the subtitles during a real time display of the respective video image; and colorwiping is performed by changing the color of a portion of the subtitles at a location indicated by the subtitle decoding information. Dynamic positioning of the subtitles is achieved by delaying the time the controller executes the read operation. When the decoding technique is repeated for a number of frames, the viewer senses motion as the colorwiping and positioning gradually changes.

Abstract: A motion image( MPEG II) video stream transmission system for transferring MPEG II video stream to a subscriber by receiving 6 channels of a motion image(MPEG II) video stream, and includes: a MPEG II encoder for encoding an analog video signal on a motion image video signal; a framer for framing and outputting a MPEG II video stream by controlling a read clock of pure data of the MPEG II video stream whenever data is variable, registering a transmission velocity information to a video stream inputted in the MPEG II encoder; a first multiplexing means; a second-stage multiplexer; a headend having an optical transmission means; an optical transmission system; a first-stage demultiplexing means; a second-stage demultiplexing means; a remote terminal having a video switching system; and a subscriber terminal apparatus for converting the MPEG II video signal into an analog signal after reframing a video signal outputted from the remote terminal and outputting the converted signal.

Abstract: A TV viewer is presented various offers for products and services displayed on his TV screen. Pre-obtained unique product and service codes are generated by the TV program during the offers. The viewer has a remote control device for indicating his acceptance of an offer. An audio beep corresponding to the unique code is transmitted by the program along with the offer. This beep is picked up by a microphone and is transmitted, along with the remote control acceptance indication, by a transmitter located at the viewer's location to a nearby repeater station. The transmitted signal is data including an identification of the viewer's location as well as the accepted offer code. This data is relayed to a nearby repeater station and then to a central data collection station where the acceptance is processed.

Abstract: Conventional teletext decoders only respond to teletext data lines in the vertical blanking interval of a television signal. The decoders erroneously respond to conventional full-channel teletext transmissions in which all lines of the television signal are used for teletext. The method in accordance with the invention transmits teletext pages in the vertical blanking interval of the television signal in a conventional manner. Additionally, pages are also transmitted in the active video interval. A supplemental page header in each active video interval is provided to prevent teletext rows in the vertical blanking interval from being interpreted as rows of a page which is transmitted in the active video interval.

Abstract: Subtitle encoding and decoding apparatus and corresponding method are operable to encode and decode multiple subtitle signals representing multiple subtitles to be superimposed on a video image. Each received subtitle signal is encoded (in the encoding apparatus only) and stored in a buffer memory. An address list including data nodes therein is generated from the received subtitle signals wherein each data node in the address list corresponds to a respective subtitle stored in the buffer memory. Each data node includes data corresponding to the time and position at which a respective subtitle is to be superimposed on a video image, as well as buffer memory address information which identifies the location in the buffer memory at which the respective subtitle is stored. Each data node further includes pointer data that identifies another data node that corresponds to a successively positioned subtitle in the display.

Abstract: Signal processors for permitting the transparent, simultaneous transmission and reception of a volume of information in the video bandwidth is disclosed. The volume of data is selected in response to receiving a signal at a transmitter site. The signal processor in the transmitter rasterizes the volume of information at the horizontal scanning rate and modulates the volume of information with a data carrier at a non-integral multiple of the horizontal scanning rate to provide a frequency interleaved combined signal. The combined signal is transmitted during the active video portion of each video line.