Abstract: A liquid crystal device includes a first substrate, a second substrate disposed to face the first substrate, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate, a first optical compensation plate fixed to the first substrate, a second optical compensation plate disposed at a side of the first substrate or the second substrate, and a pivot mechanism supporting the second optical compensation plate to be pivotable around an optical axis of light passing through the first substrate and the second substrate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device of an in-plane switching mode comprises at least optically anisotropic members (A) and (B) and liquid crystal cell disposed between a pair of polarizers having absorption axes disposed approximately perpendicularly to each other, wherein nzA>nyA and nxB>nzB (nxA, nxB:refractive indices (n) in the direction of the in-plane slow axis; nyA, nyB:n in the in-plane direction perpendicular to the above direction; nzA, nzB:n in the direction of thickness, each at 550 nm); the in-plane slow axes of (A) and (B) are approximately parallel or perpendicular to each other; and the in-plane slow axis of (A) is approximately parallel or perpendicular to the absorption axis of a polarizer closer to (A). The antireflection property, scratch resistance and durability are excellent, the angle of field is wide, and uniform display of images with great contrast can be achieved at any angle of observation.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate; a second substrate; a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; a first polarizer provided on a surface of the first substrate which is on the opposite side to the liquid crystal layer; a second polarizer provided on a surface of the second substrate which is on the opposite side to the liquid crystal layer; a first phase compensation element provided between the first polarizer and the liquid crystal layer; and a second phase compensation element provided between the second polarizer and the liquid crystal layer. A plurality of pixel areas are provided for display. The first substrate includes at least one transmissive electrode, and the second substrate includes a reflective electrode region and a transmissive electrode region in correspondence with each of the plurality of pixel areas.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device of electrically controlled birefringence mode includes the combination of a liquid crystal cell having a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between a pair of substrates, and a hybrid retardation layer in which liquid crystal molecules are hybrid-aligned, and the hybrid retardation layer is formed by deposition at the liquid crystal layer side on one substrate of the pair of substrates.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes: a liquid crystal layer squeezed between first and second transparent substrates and vertically aligned at a retardation of 300 nm or larger to 940 nm or smaller; two or three viewing angle compensators disposed on the first transparent substrate on the side opposite to the liquid crystal layer, each of the viewing angle compensators having a retardation of 90 nm or larger to 350 nm or smaller in a thickness direction and a retardation of 5 nm or larger to 30 nm or smaller in an in-plane direction; a first polarizer disposed on the two or three viewing angle compensator; and a second polarizer disposed on the second transparent substrate and crossed-Nichol disposed relative to the first polarizer, wherein an in-plane slow axis of each viewing angle compensator is disposed perpendicular to an absorption axis of the first polarizer.

Abstract: A retardation compensation element (56) is composed of a C-plate (86) and an O-plate (85). The O-plate (85) is a biaxial birefringent medium made of an obliquely deposited organic material, and has a fast axis (L6) parallel to the orthographic projection of a deposition direction (96) onto the surface of the O-plate (85). Between a liquid crystal display device (51) and an analyzer (68), the O-plate (85) is arranged such that the fast axis (L6) and a tilt direction (L8) of liquid crystal molecules (75) parallel to each other, and that the deposition direction (96) and the tilt direction (L8) face the opposite direction. The C-plate (86) is disposed above the O-plate (85) between the liquid crystal display device (51) and the analyzer (68).

Abstract: A contrast compensator for improving the panel contrast of liquid crystal (LC) microdisplays having a high-order waveplate configured as an O-plate and supporting a thin film transistor layer is provided. The contrast compensator includes a counter high-order waveplate configured as an O-plate, which has a birefringence opposite in sign to a birefringence of the thin film transistor substrate.

Abstract: A LCD device includes a pair of polarizing films sandwiching therebetween a LC cell. The light-incident-side polarizing film includes a polarizing layer and a first retardation film, whereas the light-emitting-side polarizing film includes a polarizing layer and second and third retardation films. A specific combination of the first and third retardation films provides an optical compensation for achieving a lower leakage light and a lower chromaticity shift upon display of a dark state in the LCD device.

Abstract: There are provided a substrate which has solved an unsatisfactory adhesion problem of a seal part in a liquid crystal cell comprising a retardation layer provided on the inner side of the cell, and a liquid crystal cell using the substrate. A black matrix layer 12 formed of a metal and its picture frame part 12A, a color filter layer 13, and a retardation layer 14 are stacked on a substrate 11, and an area including at least the picture frame part 12A is an area to be sealed.

Abstract: An LCD according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a liquid crystal panel assembly including two panels facing each other and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the two panels and having positive dielectric anisotropy. A pair of polarization films are attached to the outer surfaces of the liquid crystal panel assembly, respectively. A positive or negative a-plate compensation film having reverse wavelength dispersion that ¥Än increases as the light wavelength increases and a negative hybrid c-plate compensation film are inserted between the liquid crystal panel assembly and each of the polarization films.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid crystal panel, in which a color shift in an oblique direction is small even when observed from any azimuth angle of 0° to 360°, and the viewing angle in the horizontal direction is wide.

Abstract: In a retardation film (c plate) for canceling the optical effect of a liquid crystal layer, the optical effect of the liquid crystal layer which is represented by ?nd/? increases as the wavelength ? of incident light decreases. Accordingly, in order to cancel this effect, a negative retardation needs to be reduced as the wavelength of incident light increases. In a retardation film (a plate) for rotating the direction of polarization of light, an in-plane retardation needs to be increased as the wavelength ? of incident light increases. It is preferable that both of these retardation films be placed. However, compared to known technologies, light leakage can be suppressed even using only any one of the retardation films.

Abstract: There are provided a substrate which has solved an unsatisfactory adhesion problem of a seal part in a liquid crystal cell comprising a retardation layer provided on the inner side of the cell, and a liquid crystal cell using the substrate. A color filter substrate includes a substrate 11, and at least a black matrix layer 12, a color filter layer 13, and a retardation layer 14 stacked on the substrate 11. The black matrix layer 12 and the color filter layer 13 are stacked on the substrate it while providing a margin around the periphery of the substrate 11. The retardation layer 14 is stacked on the black matrix layer 12 and the color filter layer 13 in a larger area than the area where the black matrix layer 12 and the color filter layer 13 are stacked. The substrate 11 in its margin, where neither the black matrix layer 12 nor the color filter layer 13 is stacked, is a predetermined seal area.

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel of the present invention includes at least a liquid crystal cell, a first polarizer disposed on one side of the liquid crystal cell, a second polarizer disposed on the other side of the liquid crystal cell and a retardation film (A) disposed between the liquid crystal cell and the first polarizer, wherein the retardation film (A) contains a thermoplastic polymer having at least a substituent (a) represented by the following formula (I) and its in-plane retardation value (Re[750]) at a wavelength of 750 nm is larger than its retardation value (Re[550]) at a wavelength of 550 nm. The liquid crystal panel has such an effect that it reduces coloring of characters or images and a color shift even if a screen is viewed from any direction at an angle range of 360°.

Abstract: There are provided a substrate which has solved an unsatisfactory adhesion problem of a seal part in a liquid crystal cell comprising a retardation layer provided on the inner side of the cell, and a liquid crystal cell using the substrate. A black matrix layer 12 formed of a resin composition containing a black colorant and its picture frame part 12A, a color filter layer 13, and a retardation layer 14 are stacked on a substrate 11, and an area including at least the picture frame part 12A is an area to be sealed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a viewing angle controllable liquid crystal display device. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a viewing angle controllable liquid crystal display device applied with TN mode LCD panel in which a narrow view angle mode is possible in bilateral symmetry.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device of an in-plane switching mode comprises at least optically anisotropic members (A) and (B) and a liquid crystal cell disposed between a pair of polarizers having absorption axes disposed approximately perpendicularly to each other, wherein nzA>nyA and nzB>nyB (nxA, nxB: refractive indices (n) in the direction of the in-plane slow axis; nyA, nyB: n in the in-plane direction perpendicular to the above direction; nzA, nzB: n in the direction of thickness, each at 550 nm); the in-plane slow axes of (A) and (B) are approximately parallel or perpendicular to each other; and the in-plane slow axis of (A) is approximately parallel or perpendicular to the absorption axis of a polarizer closer to (A). The antireflection property, scratch resistance and durability are excellent, the angle of field is wide, and uniform display of images with great contrast can be achieved at any angle of observation.

Abstract: The liquid crystal panel according to an embodiment of the present invention includes, in the stated order from a viewer side: a first polarizer; a first optical compensation layer; a liquid crystal cell; a second optical compensation layer; and a second polarizer, wherein: the first optical compensation layer has an absolute value of a photoelastic coefficient of 40×10?12 (m2/N) or less, has an in-plane retardation ?nd of 90 nm to 200 nm, has relationships of the following Expressions (1) and (2), and functions as a protective layer on a liquid crystal cell side of the first polarizer; and the second optical compensation layer has relationships of the following Expressions (3) and (4), ?nd(380)=?nd(550)=?nd(780)??(1) nx>ny>nz??(2) Rth(380)>Rth(550)>Rth(780)??(3) nx=ny>nz??(4).

Abstract: An optical compensation plate provided in a liquid crystal cell in which a distance of a liquid crystal layer is held through a spacer, in which the optical compensation plate is formed in such a way that a layer thickness becomes thin toward a central portion from an end portion. As the spacer, a spherical fine particle is employed. As a liquid crystal cell, a VA mode liquid crystal cell is employed. Since the optical compensation plate of the present invention has a thinner layer thickness in the central portion in response to a decrease in a cell gap in the central region of the liquid crystal cell, light leakage in the central region of the liquid crystal layer can be prevented well.

Abstract: An optical element of the invention comprises at least two laminated layers of reflective polarizer; and at least one retardation layer for changing polarization properties laminated between the reflective polarizers, the combination of the layers being designed so as to provide a incident-light transmittance depending on an incident angle of an incident light and designed such that a shielded light is not absorbed but reflected. The optical element can effectively shield transmitted lights with respect to obliquely incident lights and can control coloring.

Abstract: Embodiments of an optical compensator for a liquid crystal display is disclosed. One embodiment of the optical compensator includes an A-plate and a C-plate wherein: the retardation of the A-plate satisfies the following formula: 0.644<R0(450)/R0(550)<1 the retardation of the C-plate satisfies the following formula: 1<Rth(450)/Rth(550)<1.35 where R0(450) and R0(550) represent the retardation of the A-plate at wavelengths of 450 nm and 550 nm, respectively, and Rth(450) and Rth(550) are the values calculated by Rth=[[nx+ny]/2?nz]×d (where nx, ny and nz represent the three-dimensional refractive indexes of the C-plate as the refractive indexes in the direction of the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis, respectively, and d represents the thickness of the C-plate) for the C-plate at a wavelength of 450 nm and 550 nm, respectively. Other embodiments are also included.

Abstract: There are provided a liquid crystal panel and a liquid crystal display apparatus each having an excellent screen contrast, a small color shift, and small display unevenness. The liquid crystal panel includes a liquid crystal cell; a first polarizer placed on one side of the liquid crystal cell; a second polarizer placed on the other side of the liquid crystal cell; and at least two optical compensation layers including a first optical compensation layer and a second optical compensation layer placed between the first polarizer and the second polarizer.

Abstract: An optical element of the invention comprises at least two laminated layers of reflective polarizer; and at least one retardation layer for changing polarization properties laminated between the reflective polarizers, the combination of the layers being designed so as to provide a incident-light transmittance depending on an incident angle of an incident light and designed such that a shielded light is not absorbed but reflected. The optical element can effectively shield transmitted lights with respect to obliquely incident lights and can control coloring.

Abstract: A birefringent optical filter and associated method are described which demonstrate improved performance for both fixed and tunable filter configurations. One exemplary embodiment involves an initial filter configuration, having an output polarizer, that exhibits an initial spectral filter response having an undesired transmission feature and a desired transmission feature. An additional polarizer follows the output polarizer and an adjustable retarder is disposed directly between the output polarizer and the additional polarizer to produce an overall spectral filter response that eliminates the undesired transmission feature, while passing the desired transmission feature. Another exemplary embodiment uses at least one reflective polarizer for passing light along the filter optical path, which light is characterized by a selected polarization, and for reflecting a rejected light that is characterized by a different polarization such that the rejected light is directed out of the optical path.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to satisfactorily present a bright state and a dark state with a low driving voltage without changing a liquid crystal material. A liquid crystal device 100 having a configuration wherein a polarizing plate 11, a liquid crystal layer 14 and an optical reflective layer 15 are arranged in this order from the front side of the device. The liquid crystal layer 14 is capable of providing one retardation when the liquid crystal layer is applied with a predetermined high voltage and providing the other retardation when the liquid crystal layer is applied with a predetermined low voltage, for light that is incident from the polarizing plate 11, passes through the liquid crystal layer, reflects on the optical reflective layer 15, passes again through the liquid crystal layer 14 and is guided to the polarizing plate 11, whereby a bright state and a dark state are presented based on a difference between these retardations.

Abstract: A tool for use in affixing an optical component, such as glass, to a liquid crystal display (LCD) using a silicone gel mixture includes, in one embodiment, a unitary metallic platen that is shaped to define a central window. A narrow shelf is defined around the central window to support the optical component during the application of the silicone gel thereon. A upwardly extending partition is formed onto the top surface of the platen around the shelf to retain the optical component fixed in place on the platen during the assembly process. A plurality of identical, spaced apart, upwardly extending standoffs are formed onto the free end of the partition to support the LCD a fixed distance away from the optical component. In this manner, the standoffs ensure that the layer of silicone gel deposited between the optical component and the LCD is uniform in thickness to optimize performance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical efficiency enhancing film and an LCD using the same. The LCD of the present invention is provided with an optical efficiency enhancing film that includes uniaxial films made of a refractive index anisotropic material and isotropic films, wherein the uniaxial films and the isotropic films are alternatively laminated. Then, optical efficiency as well as polarization may be enhanced to thereby improve the brightness of the LCD.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate, a second substrate facing an inside surface of the first substrate with a predetermined interval therebetween, a first electrode and a second electrode formed on at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate, partitions formed between the first substrate and the second substrate and dividing the space between the first substrate and the second substrate into a plurality of sub-spaces, and an OCB mode liquid crystal filled in the sub-spaces. The liquid crystal display is driven through a change of a bend arrangement by applying a second voltage that is less than the first voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode after being transitioned from an initial splay arrangement to a bend arrangement by applying a first voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode.

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel including a liquid crystal cell having an improved contrast ratio in an oblique direction and an improved color shift in an oblique direction is provided. A liquid crystal panel according to the present invention includes: a liquid crystal cell; a first polarizer arranged on one side of the liquid crystal cell; a second polarizer arranged on another side of the liquid crystal cell; a negative C plate and a negative A plate arranged between the liquid crystal cell and the first polarizer; and an isotropic optical element arranged between the liquid crystal cell and the second polarizer. The negative C plate is arranged between the first polarizer and the negative A plate.

Abstract: A color filter with low color shift is defined by a light leakage spectrum in the dark state. The color filter is disposed between two polarizing plates so as to measure a first spectrum of dark state a(?), wherein the polarizing directions of the polarizers are orthogonal to each other. A second spectrum of dark state b(?) while the color filter is removed, and then a ratio spectrum of light leakage intensity I(?)=(a(?)/b(?)) is determined. A maximum value P1 in the ratio spectrum of light leakage intensity is determined in a wavelength region in which the ratio spectrum of light leakage intensity of green photoresist overlaps that of a blue photoresist. A maximum value P2 in the ratio spectrum of light leakage intensity is determined in a wavelength region in which the ratio spectrum of light leakage intensity of red photoresist locates.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a micro reflection-type liquid crystal display (LCD) using a step difference resulting from the existing array processing and a liquid crystal cell comprising liquid crystal molecules being aligned in parallel to perform optical compensation according to the difference between optical slow axes on orthogonal optical compensation films. In a compensation system comprising orthogonal polarizers, an equivalent retardation is acquired according to the differences between the slow axes on the optical compensation films and the alignment orientation of the liquid crystal molecules when the liquid crystal cell is driven or not to determine the optimal dark/bright state. Moreover, the optimal dark state can be achieved at the same driving voltage under both the reflection mode and the transmission mode. Thereby, the present invention achieves improved image contrast and reflectivity without additional processing steps.

Abstract: Systems for displaying images are provided. A representative system comprises a wide viewing angle liquid crystal display with multi-film compensation. A liquid crystal display comprising a first substrate, a second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate. A first compensation film is interposed between the first polarizer and the first substrate. A second compensation film interposed between the second polarizer and the second substrate. The first compensation film and the second compensation film comprise different birefringence polarities.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an IPS-LCD using two sheets of negative (?) biaxial retardation films and one +C-plate. The IPS-LCD has a superior contrast ratio at the surface-facing angle and tilt angles and undergoes a minimal color change with viewing angles in a black state, thereby providing a wider viewing angle.

Abstract: A TFT array panel on which both pixel electrodes and common electrodes are formed and a color filter panel is disposed opposing the array panel, and liquid crystals are interposed therebetween. The liquid crystals are aligned parallel to the two panels and driven by parallel electric field formed between the pixel electrodes and reference electrodes. Polarization films are arranged outsides the two panels, and a quasi-A plate compensation film is arranged between the color filter panel and the polarization film.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprising a first polarizer, a first retardation film satisfying (1) to (6) below, a liquid crystal cell, a second retardation film satisfying (7) to (12) below, a second polarizer in this order wherein the absorption axis of the first and second polarizer and the slow axis of the first and second retardation film are substantially in parallel, respectively: 10 nm<Re(548)<100 nm??(1) 20 nm<Rth(548)<400 nm??(2) 1.0<Re(446)/Re(548)<2.0??(3) 0.5<Re(628)/Re(548)<1.0??(4) 1.0<Rth(446)/Rth(548)<2.0??(5) 0.5<Rth(628)/Rth(548)<1.0??(6) 40 nm<Re(548)<300 nm??(7) 20 nm<Rth(548)<400 nm??(8) 0.5<Re(446)/Re(548)<1.5??(9) 0.5<Re(628)/Re(548)<2.0??(10) 0.5<Rth(446)/Rth(548)<2.0??(11) 0.5<Rth(628)/Rth(548)<1.

Abstract: Transflective liquid crystal display device (100.200) comprising a set of polarisers and compensators sandwiching a liquid crystal layer (15) of parallel alignement type, designed for the purpose of improving the viewing angle characteristics of the device, in particular the dark state (voltage on-state) and the contrast. In the reflective part, the arrangement of optical elements consists of a polariser (11), a (biaxial or uniaxial) first retarder (12), a (biaxial of unaxial) second retarder (13), a negative uniaxial third retarder (14) and a liquid crystal cell (15) with well defined orientations of the respective optical axes to each other. In the transmissive part, the arrangement of retarders and polariser as arranged on the viewer side is repeated in reverse order on the backlight side of the liquid crystal device.

Abstract: A polarizing plate used in a vertical alignment mode liquid crystal display comprising a liquid crystal cell is disclosed, wherein the polarizing plate comprises a polarizing film and a mixed fatty acid cellulose ester film with optical biaxiality provided between the polarizing film and the liquid crystal cell, and wherein the mixed fatty acid cellulose ester film has a retardation in plane R0 of from 31 to 120 nm, and a retardation in the thickness direction Rt of from 60 to 300 nm, in which R0 is represented by the following formula (1) and Rt is represented by the following formula (2): R0=(nx?ny)×d??formula (1) Rt={(nx+ny)/2?nz}×d.

Abstract: An optical compensator handling higher luminance, capable of achieving a higher contrast ratio while suppressing variation of the contrast ratio, and able to achieve higher definition and longer service life, a liquid crystal display system and a projection type liquid crystal display system using this optical compensator, and a production method and an adjustment method of the display systems are provided. The liquid crystal display system has a liquid crystal device optically modulating an emitted light beam by a liquid crystal layer vertically aligning liquid crystal molecules having negative dielectric constant anisotropies and having a pretilt in a direction vertical to a main surface of a substrate, a first polarizer arranged on an incident side of the liquid crystal device, a second polarizer arranged on an emission side of the liquid crystal device, and an optical compensator arranged in a light path between the emission side of the first polarizer and the incident side of the second polarizer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device containing a first polarizing plate, a first retardation film, a liquid crystal cell, a second retardation film, and a second polarizing plate in this order from a light incident side, wherein an absorption axis of the first polarizing plate and an absorption axis of the second polarizing plate are orthogonal to each other, and wherein the first retardation film is configured to change a polarization state of light to a state of a fixed point before the light enters the liquid crystal cell so as to allow the liquid crystal cell transmit the light having the polarization state of the fixed point

Abstract: The present invention adequately provides a bend alignment mode liquid crystal cell with an optical compensation to provide high contrast and excellent viewing angle characteristic, and thereby provides a liquid crystal having capability of displaying excellent images with suppressed tone reversal. Therefore, the liquid crystal display contains at least a pair of polarizing films, a liquid crystal cell placed between the pair of polarizing films and a optical compensatory film, which contains at least a first optically anisotropic layer and a second optically anisotropic layer, placed between any one of the polarizing films, and a voltage applied to the liquid crystal cell, which is a bend alignment mode cell, in white displaying state is 1V or less.

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel includes a TFT substrate, an opposite substrate and a liquid crystal layer formed of a liquid crystal, which is filled in a space between the TFT and the opposite substrates, and has a negative dielectric anisotropy. A quarter wave plate and a polarizer are arranged on a front surface of the liquid crystal panel, and a quarter wave plate and a polarizer are arranged on a back surface thereof. An optical compensation layer is formed on a surface of the opposite substrate facing the liquid crystal layer. The optical compensation layer is divided into a plurality of regions for each picture element, and the respective regions are made of polymer films, each having a different compensation capability Rth in a thickness direction.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a display device that can be manufactured more easily than the conventional one. To accomplish this object, an image control panel part (7) which is continuously provided with combination base units including optical transparency base units and optical no-transparency base units, and a lens film part (6) which is continuously provided with repeating units of lenses (8) are laminated in a direction of light transmission, and either one width of the optical transparency base unit or a pitch of the repeating unit of the lens is set so as to be the integral multiplication of the other width. Since the moiré´ fringes can be prevented by setting either one width of the optical transparency base unit or the pitch of the repeating unit of the lens 8 so as to be the integral multiplication of the other width, it is not always necessary for the display device of the present invention to change a pitch of the mold for manufacturing the lens film part 6 randomly.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a first optical element which is provided on one of outer surfaces of a liquid crystal display panel including homogeneously aligned liquid crystal molecules and includes a first polarizer plate, a first retardation plate in which nematic liquid crystal molecules are solidified in a state in which the nematic liquid crystal molecules are hybrid-aligned in a liquid crystal state along a normal direction, and a second retardation plate, and a second optical element which is composed of a second polarizer plate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a transflective liquid crystal display device that has a high contrast ratio. The transflective liquid crystal panel includes a homogeneous liquid crystal such that the transflective liquid crystal display device will have an optical retardation when the voltage is applied. Therefore, in order to compensate the optical retardation caused by this liquid crystal, a thickness of the liquid crystal layer is adjusted. Moreover, a thickness of the retardation film is also adjusted. Accordingly, the complete dark state and the high contrast ratio are achieved in the liquid crystal display.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus provided with liquid crystal compensation plates and ?/4 plates on both sides of a liquid crystal cell, in a sequence that the liquid crystal compensation plates, then the ?/4 plates. Further provided is Rth compensation film between the ?/4 plate and linear polarization film. Set substantially at zero is a retardation Rth1 in a perpendicular direction in a range from the linear polarization films to the ?/4 plates, excluding the ?/4 plates. This gives a retardation (in a perpendicular direction) for optically compensating the liquid crystal cell a closer position to the liquid crystal cell. As a result, a broad angle of visibility can be maintained, without losing a balance between viewing angle characteristics from the above position (or the bottom position) and those from the right position (or the left position), while it is possible to prevent contrast ratio in a front direction from being lowered. Therefore, an LCD having good display quality can be realized.

Abstract: A liquid-crystal display device comprising a liquid-crystal cell comprising a liquid-crystal layer that aligns vertically to the substrate thereof in the black state, first and second polarizing elements that are disposed to sandwich the liquid-crystal cell therebetween so that their absorption axes are orthogonal to each other, a retardation film A and a retardation film B, wherein the retardation films A and B are equivalent to each other in terms of retardation in plane at a wavelength of 548 nm, Re(548), and retardation along thickness direction at a wavelength of 548 nm, Rth(548) thereof, but differ from each other in terms of the wavelength dispersion characteristics of retardation in plane Re and/or retardation along thickness direction Rth thereof in a visible light region, is disclosed.

Abstract: A phase difference compensation element comprises at least one birefringent laminate, which contains a light transmissive base material and “a” number, where a?2, of inorganic oblique incidence vacuum deposited films varying in direction of oblique evaporation and having been laminated on a surface of the light transmissive base material. The birefringent laminate satisfies the conditions represented by Formula (i) and Formula (ii): Re(1)<Re(a)??(i) Re(b?1)?Re(b)??(ii) where b is an arbitrary integer satisfying the condition 2?b?a wherein Re(i) represents the retardation value d·?n of the inorganic oblique incidence vacuum deposited film which has been formed at an i-th stage of film formation among the stages of forming the “a” number of the inorganic oblique incidence vacuum deposited films, respectively, where 1?i?a, d represents the film thickness, and ?n represents the birefringent index.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composite birefringent member including a first birefringent layer and a second birefringent layer. The second birefringent layer is formed on at least one surface of the first birefringent layer. In the wavelength range from 400 to 800 nm, a value of ?ndx/?nd550 and a value of Rthx/Rth550 of the composite birefringent member as a whole are different from each other. The composite birefringent member satisfies a requirement that the second birefringent layer is formed of a polymer such as polyamide and/or a requirement that ?nd and Rth of the composite birefringent member satisfy formulae (I) and (II) below. As a result, the composite birefringent member allows a liquid crystal display to achieve a wide viewing angle, compensates birefringence of a liquid crystal cell, and does not cause display coloring of the liquid crystal display. ?nd400/?nd550<1 ??(I) Rth400/Rth550>1 ??(II).

Abstract: To provide a liquid crystal display device capable of improving display characteristics. The liquid crystal display device of the present invention is a liquid crystal display device including a structure in which the first substrate including a reflective layer, a liquid crystal layer, the second substrate, and a polarizer are stacked in this order from a back face to a display face, wherein the liquid crystal display device includes a retardation layer, in a region on a liquid crystal layer side of the reflective layer of the first substrate, or in a region where the reflective layer is not arranged of the first substrate, or in the second substrate, and the retardation layer provides two or more regions having different retardations in a display surface plane.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes first and second substrates facing each other and including transmissive and reflective regions, a first electric field distorting unit disposed in the transmissive region on one of the first and second substrates and having a first bent shape, a second electric field distorting unit disposed in the reflective region on one of the first and second substrates and having a second bent shape, and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first and second substrates, wherein the first bent shape has a first angle with respect to a first vertical direction of a first symmetrical axis of the first bent shape and the second bent shape has a second angle with respect to a second vertical direction of a second symmetrical axis of the second bent shape, and the first angle is different from the second angle.