Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate and a second substrate, a liquid crystal between the first and second substrates, and first and second structures provided on the first and second substrates to regulate orientation of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: A thin film transistor substrate and a liquid crystal display capable of eliminating residual images and enhancing clarity are presented. The thin film transistor substrate includes a charge-up capacitor for increasing electric charge in a first pixel electrode of a first pixel capacitor and a charge-down capacitor decreasing electric charge in a second pixel electrode of a second pixel capacitor. An extension electrode portion of the charge-up capacitor is formed in the shape of a frame to reduce any variation in the overlapping area between the first pixel electrode and the extension electrode portion caused by an alignment error generated during the manufacturing process.

Abstract: A pixel structure for a horizontal field LCD comprises a plurality of pixel units. Each of the pixel units comprises a gate line corresponding to the pixel unit, a data line corresponding to the pixel unit, and at least one TFT, wherein the TFT is electrically connected with the gate line and the data line, the gate line and the data line divide the pixel unit into four sub-pixels, the sub-pixel is provided with a pixel electrode which is electrically connected with the TFT, and the pixel electrode is provided with a plurality of slits in a predetermined direction.

Abstract: An LCD panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate, alignment protrusions and a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first substrate includes pixel units arranged in an array. Each of the pixel units has at least one reflection area and one transmittance area. The first substrate has concaves in the reflection areas. The second substrate is above the first substrate. The first substrate or the second substrate has at least one padding layer in the reflection area. The alignment protrusions having approximately the same height are disposed on the second substrate and located in centers of each of the reflections and the transmittance areas. In the reflection area, a group of the alignment protrusions are in the concaves to keep a gap from the first substrate. The other group of the alignment protrusions outside of the concaves contact with the first substrate directly.

Abstract: This invention relates to a liquid crystal device wherein the surface profile of a surface alignment grating stabilizes at least one stable state. The invention involves the introduction or breaks (34, 36, 38) or discontinuities into the grating (10) to divide the grating into a plurality of groove segments. The breaks are discontinuities in the grating in the groove direction, the grating having substantially the same groove direction on each side of the break. The introduction of breaks prevent free movement of defects along the groove of the grating and therefore help to stabilize the desired liquid crystal configuration, either a Defect state or a Continuous state. Suitable breaks involve gaps (34) in the groove ridges (30), necks (36) between the groove ridges (30) and slips or relative displacement (38) of the grating.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device is disclosed. The liquid crystal display includes a liquid crystal layer disposed between substrates opposing each other. A pixel of the liquid crystal display is alignment-divided into a plurality of sub-pixels. A dielectric member is provided on a connection portion where the sub-pixels are electrically connected.

Abstract: Provided are a liquid crystal display (LCD) and a method of fabricating the LCD. The LCD includes an insulating substrate a gate line disposed on the insulating substrate, a data line insulated from the gate line and crossing the gate line, a thin film transistor connected to the gate line and the data line, a passivation layer disposed on the thin film transistor, a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor and partitioned into a plurality of domains by a plurality of first slits, a control electrode disposed on the passivation layer and at least partially overlapping each first slit, and a plurality of domain forming members arranged parallel to the first slits in an alternating fashion and partitioning the pixel electrode into a plurality of domains.

Abstract: A vertical alignment liquid crystal layer is sealed between a first substrate having a first electrode and a second substrate having a second electrode, each pixel region has a reflective region and a transmissive region, and a gap adjusting section is provided on one of sides of the first substrate and the second substrate which sets a thickness (gap) d of the liquid crystal layer which controls a phase difference of incident light to the liquid crystal layer so that a gap dr in the reflective region is smaller than a gap dt in the transmissive region. An alignment controller which divides alignment of the liquid crystal within a pixel region is provided in the pixel region on at least one of the sides of the first substrate and the second substrate. It is also possible to optimize by changing the gap in red, green, and blue.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display including a pair of substrates having a predetermined cell gap and arranged opposite to each other, vertical alignment films formed between the pair of substrates, a liquid crystal layer sealed between the vertical alignment films and having a negative dielectric anisotropy, and a cured material provided in the liquid crystal layer and including a liquid crystal skeleton, which is tilted with respect to the substrate at a first angle, for changing tilt angles of liquid crystal molecules for each of predetermined regions. The vertical alignment films have an alignment control direction that defines a second angle with respect to said substrates, wherein the second angle is different from the first angle.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device having vertical alignment films formed on pixel electrodes of a thin film transistor substrate and a common electrode of a common electrode substrate, and horizontal alignment films formed in a shape of plural belts on the vertical alignment films. The horizontal alignment film of the thin film transistor substrate and the horizontal alignment film of the common electrode substrate are substantially perpendicular to each other. Accordingly, a liquid crystal layer interposed between the two substrates includes a splay area, a homeotropic area, and hybrid area, wherein the hybrid area is disposed around the splay area and the homeotropic area. Since the hybrid area serves as an alignment transition seed, the liquid crystal molecules of the splay area can be easily changed to have a band alignment. Therefore, it is possible to decrease an alignment transition voltage and to enhance an alignment transition speed.

Abstract: To provide a production method of a liquid crystal display device and a liquid crystal display device, in which generation of a joint line on a display screen is suppressed and yield can be improved even if a substrate is subjected to an alignment treatment by completing exposure for the substrate through several exposures in a liquid crystal display device including pixels each having two or more domains.

Abstract: A thin film transistor (TFT) array panel is provided, which includes: a plurality of gate lines transmitting gate signals; a plurality of data lines intersecting the gate lines and transmitting data signals, each data line including first and second data line branches electrically connected to each other and spaced apart from each other; a plurality of pixel electrodes electrically connected to the gate lines and the data lines through thin film transistor and covering edges of the first or the second data line branches; a passivation layer disposed between the data lines and the pixel electrodes; and a light blocking member covering gaps between the first data line branches and the second data line branches.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) which can provide uniform vertical and horizontal visibility while improving lateral visibility is provided. The LCD includes a first insulating substrate, first and second gate lines which are formed on the first insulating substrate, and a data line which is insulated from the first and second gate lines and intersects the first and second gate lines. The LCD also includes first and second thin film transistors (TFTs) which are formed in each pixel and are connected to the first and second gate lines, respectively, and to the data line, first sub-pixel electrodes which are connected to the first TFT, and a second sub-pixel electrode which is separated from the first sub-pixel electrodes by predetermined gaps and is connected to the second TFT.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device including a pair of substrates and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pair of substrates, as well as a source electrode, a Cs intermediate electrode, and a pixel electrode formed on one of the pair of substrates. The liquid crystal display device also includes vertical alignment films formed on the pair of substrates and polymer layers formed on the vertical alignment films, wherein a contact hole, which connects the source electrode and the pixel electrode, and another contact hole, which connects the pixel electrode and the Cs intermediate electrode, are both formed at a liquid crystal domain boundary.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal display panel to which an OCB mode is applied, and an optical compensation element which optically compensates a retardation of the liquid crystal layer in a predetermined display state in which a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer. The optical compensation element includes a polarizer, a first retardation plate which is disposed between the polarizer and the liquid crystal display panel and in which discotic liquid crystal molecules are fixed in a state in which the discotic liquid crystal molecules are hybrid-aligned along a normal direction, and a second retardation plate which is disposed between the polarizer and the first retardation plate and has wavelength dispersion characteristics which are opposite to wavelength dispersion characteristics of an in-plane retardation in the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: An in-plane switching liquid crystal display device is designed in such a way that an angle defined by the lengthwise direction of a common electrode and a pixel electrode and a rubbing direction of an alignment layer is set to 10 to 20°, a cell gap d is set to 2.7 ?m or smaller, the dielectric anisotropy ?? of a liquid crystal constituting a liquid crystal layer is set to 8 to 20, a white voltage Vwhite to be applied to the pixel electrode when displaying white is set to 4 to 7 V, and the white voltage Vwhite (V), the dielectric anisotropy ?? of the liquid crystal, the cell gap d (?m) and an interval L (?m) between the common electrode and the pixel electrode satisfy the following expression 11.8 > V white d - 0.6 × L 0.5 × ?? - 0.5 > 9.8 .

Abstract: A liquid crystal display has (i) first and second substrates having electrodes and a pretilt angle of 88.5° to 89.5°, (ii) a liquid crystal layer, having a thickness d and made of liquid crystal molecule material which has a twist structure at a twist angle of 160° to 240° in a voltage application state, the liquid crystal layer containing chiral material having a pitch of p, where d/p is 0.2 to 0.74, (iii) a first polarizer disposed facing the first substrate, the first polarizer having as a transmission axis direction a first direction, (iv) a second polarizer disposed facing the second substrate, the second polarizer having as a transmission axis direction a second direction having an angle of 85° to 95° relative to the first direction, and (v) an optical anisotropic plate disposed at least one of between the first substrate and first polarizer and between the second substrate and second polarizer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device including a pair of substrates in a spaced relationship with one another. A pair of alignment films are provided, one alignment film being formed on each substrate such that the alignment films face one another. A liquid crystal layer; including plural liquid crystals, is inserted between the pair of alignment films, wherein the alignment films impart a given pre-tilt angle to the liquid crystals. The alignment films are composed of a material containing at least two types of polymers having a prescribed initial alignment and different alignment variation rates in response to ultraviolet ray irradiation. The pre-tilt angle being adjusted, without rubbing the alignment films, through ultraviolet exposure of the alignment films.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes: first and second substrates with a transmissive region and a reflective region defined thereon; a reflection layer formed at the reflective region of the first substrate; a liquid crystal layer formed between the first and second substrates; a common electrode formed on the second substrate; an alignment layer formed on the second substrate and rubbed in one direction; a pixel electrode formed on the first substrate to form an electric field together with the common electrode to drive the liquid crystal layer, and having at least one electric field controller to control the direction of the electric field; and a vertical alignment layer formed on the first substrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polarization layer for an LCD and a manufacturing method thereof that improve light transmittance and polarization performance of a polarization layer by controlling a pre-tilt angle of an alignment layer. The manufacturing method of the present invention includes forming an alignment layer treated by inorganic alignment, forming a liquid crystal mixture including a dichroic dye, a liquid crystal monomer, a photo-initiator, and a gelator on the alignment layer, irradiating light to the liquid crystal mixture for photo-polymerizing it, and forming a color filter (CF) or a thin film transistor (TFT) on the polymerized and solidified liquid crystal mixture. Accordingly, the polarization layer manufactured by the present invention has the high light transmittance thereby increasing the polarization efficiency and realizing the liquid crystal display of high quality compared with the conventional polarization layer by the rubbing alignment.

Abstract: A transflective liquid crystal display device with improved display quality in which the liquid initial alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer is in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of a clearance between the counter electrode of a transmission portion and a counter electrode of a reflection portion or in a direction within a range of ±2° in the clockwise direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the clearance in a case where the liquid crystal layer comprises positive type liquid crystals, or the liquid crystal initial alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer is in a direction parallel with the extending direction of a clearance, or a direction within a range of ±2° in the clockwise direction relative to the extending direction of the clearance in a case where the liquid crystal layer comprises negative type liquid crystals.

Abstract: A tetragonal ring shape aperture is formed in the common electrode on one substrate and a cross shape aperture is formed at the position corresponding to the center of the tetragonal ring shape aperture in the pixel electrode on the other substrate. A liquid crystal layer between two electrodes are divided to four domains where the directors of the liquid crystal layer have different angles when a voltage is applied to the electrodes. The directors in adjacent domains make a right angle. The tetragonal ring shape aperture is broken at midpoint of each side of the tetragon, and the width of the aperture decreases as goes from the bent point to the edge. Wide viewing angle is obtained by four domains where the directors of the liquid crystal layer indicate different directions, disclination is removed and luminance increases.

Abstract: Development of 3-mask process to reduce the manufacturing cost of LCD-display device successively following 4-mask process. Opening formation process and pixel electrode formation process which is sequentially done following the opening formation process are treated with one photo-mask without using halftone exposure technology by forming source-drain wires comprising a low-resistance metal layer and a heat-resistant metal layer, the latter is capable of being removed with etching gas for etching gate insulating layer (and passivation insulating layer), giving protection means at least for the channel and the data line of the insulating gate transistor, forming openings in the insulating layers including the gate insulating layer with photosensitive resins having counter-taper cross sections, removing the exposed low-resistance metal in the openings, forming pixel electrode with the photosensitive resins as a lift-off material to lift off the conductive thin film for pixel electrode.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes: a substrate; and a pixel electrode disposed on the substrate. The pixel electrode includes a first subpixel electrode and a second subpixel electrode, wherein the first subpixel electrode includes a first electrode includes at least two substantially parallelogram shaped electrode pieces that have different inclination directions. The second subpixel electrode includes a second electrode disposed at a longitudinal position different from the first electrode, and the second electrode includes at least two substantially parallelogram shaped electrode pieces that have different inclination directions.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid crystal display device that includes a liquid crystal panel in a vertically aligned liquid crystal mode, a backlight source placed at the back of the liquid crystal panel to emit white light to the liquid crystal panel, and an optical film placed between the liquid crystal panel and the backlight source and containing dichroic dye aligned in a substantially perpendicular direction.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the field of electronics and may be used for making displays and, in particular, liquid crystal information displays, panels, cells e.t.c. The object of invention is to simplify the method for making liquid crystal devices by reducing the number of technological operations and consequently to reduce the cost of liquid crystal display without sacrificing the quality (wide viewing angle). To achieve this the electric field applied to the liquid crystal in such display has the non-uniform component parallel to the plane of the substrates, which leads to the non-uniform reorientation of the aforementioned liquid crystal in the space between the aforementioned electrodes within the pixel area and hence improves optical properties of this display in various directions of observation.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel includes: a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other, a first field-generating electrode and a second field-generating electrode formed on at least one of the first substrate and the second substrates, a homeotropic alignment layer formed on the first field-generating electrode and the second field-generating electrode and a liquid crystal material formed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The liquid crystal display panel further includes a polymer fixing a pre-tilt angle of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal material, wherein the polymer is formed by polymerizing at least one selected from monomers represented by Chemical Formulas (I), (II), (III), and (IV). wherein, each of R1 and R2 includes at least one of acrylate, a vinyl group, and an epoxy group, n is 0 to 2, each of X1 to X4 is hydrogen or fluorine, Y is at least one selected from —CH2—, —O—, —CO—, —C(CF3)2—, and a single bond.

Abstract: A display device includes a first panel and a second panel facing each other, a liquid crystal layer and a member for determining a tilt direction of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer. The display device has a reflective area and a transmissive area. The liquid crystal layer is interposed between the first panel and the second panel. The member is disposed at a portion of the second panel corresponding to the reflective area. The display device realizes a multi-domain structure and prominent reflective efficiency is obtained by utilizing a projection area as a reflective area.

Abstract: A light modulating material comprising at least one kind of dichroic dye having a substituent represented by the following Formula (1) and at least one kind of host liquid crystal between a pair of electrodes, and changing the transmittance of incident light. In the formula (1), Het is oxygen atom or sulfur atom; B1 and B2 each independently represent an arylene group, a heteroarylene group or a bivalent cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon group; Q1 represents a bivalent linking group; C1 represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an acyl group, or an acyloxy group; j represents 0 or 1; p, q and r each independently represent an integer from 0 to 5; n represents an integer from 1 to 3; (p+r)×n is an integer from 3 to 10.

Abstract: A vertical alignment type liquid crystal display device including a plurality of pixels, which further includes a first substrate and a second substrate and a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first substrate and the second substrate include alignment control structures which extend linearly, and when viewed in a direction vertical to the first substrate, in a pixel, the alignment control structure of the first substrate and the alignment control structures of the second substrate are arranged alternately. The alignment control structure of the first substrate includes first and second linear portions, and distances between the first and second linear portions and an adjacent alignment control structure of the second substrate are different from each other. Additionally, each of the first and second linear portions and the alignment control structures of the second substrate are arranged in parallel.

Abstract: This object aims to provide a liquid crystal display panel with good in viewing angle characteristic, and capable of carrying out a high brightness display. The liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate having at least one pixel unit and at least one first orienting structure, a second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate, and a liquid crystal layer sealed between the first and second substrates and having negative dielectric anisotropy. The pixel unit includes a pixel electrode that is located in the display area, while the first orienting structure is located outside the display area. In addition, the liquid crystal layer contains an optical rotation material, and some of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer are inclined toward the internal part or the external part of the pixel unit by the first orienting structure.

Abstract: The present invention provides a vertical alignment film having a polymerizable liquid crystal compound having negative dielectric constant anisotropy, where the polymerizable liquid crystal compound is vertically aligned against the surface of the substrate, and then the polymerizable liquid crystal compound is fixed to form the vertical alignment film.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a retardation film having a homeotropic alignment liquid crystal film prepared from coating a liquid crystal mixed solution containing a polymerizable reactive liquid crystal monomer on an oriented retardation film so as to improve a viewing angle characteristic of an ISP mode liquid crystal display and reduce a color shift and a method for preparing the same. There is an advantage in that since a homeotropic alignment liquid crystal film with a retardation of a thickness direction is prepared using a liquid crystal mixed solution containing a reactive liquid crystal monomer, the retardation film according to the present invention is not required for high-temperature heat treatment and cooling processes so that it can be applied to a high-speed continuous process.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus including a plurality of pixels, including a pair of substrates and a liquid crystal having a negative dielectric anisotropy inserted between the pair of substrates. First and second electrodes are formed on the pair of substrates, respectively. A first alignment control structure is formed linearly on one of the pair of substrates for controlling an alignment of the liquid crystal, and a second alignment control structure is formed linearly on the other of the pair of substrates for controlling an alignment of the liquid crystal. The first and second alignment control structures are bent in a zigzag fashion and extend parallel with each other, and at least one of the first and second alignment control structures includes a linear portion and a narrow portion having a width narrower than a width of the linear portion.

Abstract: A multi-domain liquid crystal display device includes first and second substrates facing each other; a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates; a plurality of gate bus lines arranged in a first direction on the first substrate and a plurality of data bus lines arranged in a second direction on the first substrate to define a pixel region; a electric field inducing window in the pixel region; and a photo alignment layer having a pre-tilt angle on at least one substrate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate having one surface on which a first electrode is provided, a second substrate which is provided with a second electrode, and a liquid crystal layer which is interposed between the first and second substrates. Negative dielectric anisotropy homeotropic aligning films are formed on mutually faced surfaces of the first and second electrodes, respectively. A pair of polarizing plates are arranged on a side of the other surface opposite to the one surface of each substrate. And a pair of optical compensation layers are arranged respectively between the other surfaces of the substrates and the polarizing plates, and give a retardation having a value which is substantially ¼ of a wavelength ? of transmitted visible light to the transmitted visible light.

Abstract: Structures, devices, systems and methods of using multi-domain vertical alignment liquid crystal displays with high transmittance, high contrast ratio and wide view angle in which at least one of the electrode substrates has circular or ring-shaped openings, such as holes or slits. Circular or ring-shaped patterns for openings and electrodes have not been used in the construction of a liquid crystal display. The new multi-domain vertical alignment (MDVA) liquid crystal display is particularly suitable for liquid crystal display television and computer monitor applications.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display (“LCD”) panel and manufacturing method thereof. The LCD panel in accordance with the present invention includes a lower substrate including a thin film transistor and a pixel electrode, an upper substrate including a common electrode facing the lower substrate, a liquid crystal layer formed between the upper and lower substrates, and an alignment layer formed of an inorganic substance containing silicon (Si), oxygen (O), and carbon (C) on the upper and lower substrates. The transmittance of light through the LCD panel is high and is practically independent of the deposition temperature of the SiOC alignment layer over a wide range of deposition temperatures. The deposition of the alignment layer can be performed over a wide range of deposition temperatures while maintaining high levels of light transmission.

Abstract: Disclosed is liquid crystal display, a substrate for a liquid crystal display and a method for manufacturing the substrate. The substrate comprises a transparent electrode formed on the insulating substrate, and a black matrix formed on the transparent electrode and performing the function also of protrusions. The method comprises the steps of forming a transparent electrode on a substrate, forming a black matrix layer, depositing a photosensitive material on the black matrix layer to form a photosensitive layer, patterning the photosensitive layer, and etching the black matrix layer using the photosensitive layer as a mask.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes: a first substrate and a second substrate; a gate line and a data line on the first substrate that cross each other to define a pixel region; a pixel electrode in the pixel region; a thin film transistor at the crossing of the gate and data lines, and connected to the pixel electrode; at least one first electric field distortion unit in the pixel electrode to control a liquid crystal director by electric field distortion; a second electric field distortion unit between the pixel electrode and the first substrate; and a layer of liquid crystal molecules between the first and second substrates.

Abstract: An orientation controller which divides a pixel into a plurality of different priority alignment regions and an additional orientation controller are provided in a pixel. The additional orientation controller is provided at least at an end of a pixel of a long-side alignment region formed along the long side of the pixel among the divided alignment regions, for example, around a center position of the long side of the pixel. The additional orientation controller can be realized, for example, by forming a cutout pattern in a side of a first electrode (pixel electrode) forming a part of the pixel. Because the alignment direction is also controlled by the additional orientation controller, the alignment of liquid crystal in this region is stabilized.

Abstract: A big screen display suitable for moving image displaying that has an excellent viewing angle property, an excellent reliability and a productivity, and a quick speed of response, and has a bright and excellent contrast is realized at low cost. Vertically aligned mode liquid crystal display comprises a scan wiring, a video signal wiring, a pixel electrode, an alignment directional control electrode, and a thin film transistor element formed in a position where a scan wiring and a video signal wiring intersect with each other, and a common electrode formed in opposing substrate side. An electric field distribution formed with three electrodes comprising an alignment directional control electrode, and a pixel electrode, and a common electrode formed in an countering substrate side may control motion directions of vertically aligned anisotropic liquid crystal molecules having a negative dielectric constant.

Abstract: A tetragonal ring shape aperture is formed in the common electrode on one substrate and a cross shape aperture is formed at the position corresponding to the center of the tetragonal ring shape aperture in the pixel electrode on the other substrate. A liquid crystal layer between two electrodes are divided to four domains where the directors of the liquid crystal layer have different angles when a voltage is applied to the electrodes. The directors in adjacent domains make a right angle. The tetragonal ring shape aperture is broken at midpoint of each side of the tetragon, and the width of the aperture decreases as goes from the bent point to the edge. Wide viewing angle is obtained by four domains where the directors of the liquid crystal layer indicate different directions, disclination is removed and luminance increases.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprises a TFT substrate, a CF substrate, a liquid crystal with negative dielectric anisotropy filled between the substrates, a pixel electrode provided on the TFT substrate, and an auxiliary electrode formed around the pixel electrode. A slit for segmenting a pixel region into a plurality of sub-pixel regions is formed in the pixel electrode from the center portion of each pixel toward the periphery portion thereof. The auxiliary electrode has a transparent step film formed at a position corresponding to the slit of the pixel electrode in such a way as to overlie the auxiliary electrode. Molecules of the liquid crystal of each sub-pixel region are aligned toward center of the sub-pixel region from the circumference of the sub-pixel region by a horizontal electric filed applied between the pixel electrode and auxiliary electrode, and the shape of the end portion of the transparent step film.

Abstract: The invention is directed to liquid crystal display and electro-optical devices having faster switching times, a wider viewing angle, continuous gray level, improved transmittance of the clear state, approximately no threshold voltage and low power consumption. The aspects of the invention are achieved by a liquid crystal device comprising an orthogonal nematic, smectic or columnar liquid crystal phase, which is uniaxial in absence of electric field, but becomes biaxial when electric field is applied normal to the director (in between electrodes for planar alignment, or in-plane electric field in case of homeotropic alignment). This electric field induced biaxiality (EFIB) mode is provided using any dielectric orthogonal nematic, smectic or columnar bent-core liquid crystal phase. The nature of the switching is dielectric (not piezoelectric) and does not involve variation of layer spacing variation, so as to be mechanically much more stable than prior systems.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device is provided that has a plurality of pixel regions where some of the pixel regions have liquid crystal molecules that operate according to both twisted nematic mode and vertical alignment mode.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) comprises a first substrate comprising a pixel electrode comprising one or more first domain-forming features and further comprising a first vertical alignment film disposed on the pixel electrode; a second substrate facing the first substrate and comprising a common electrode which comprises one or more second domain-forming features and further comprises a second vertical alignment film disposed on the common electrode; and a liquid crystal compound interposed between the first and second substrates, wherein the liquid crystal compound comprises liquid crystal molecules, ultraviolet (UV) hardening monomers and UV hardening initiators, and the liquid crystal molecules are pre-tilted to form an angle greater than 88 degrees but less than 90 degrees with respect to the first substrate when no driving power is applied to the pixel and common electrodes. Fast response time is provided in some embodiments.

Abstract: A method for producing a liquid crystal display device including a pair of substrates, an electrode and an alignment layer formed on each substrate and a liquid crystal filled between the substrates, where at least one alignment layer exhibits a vertically orienting property. The method includes alignment-treating at least one of the alignment layers by irradiating the alignment layer exhibiting a vertically orienting property with ultraviolet rays, in two different directions, by providing two lamps for projection of ultraviolet rays. Also disclosed is manufacturing equipment for orienting an alignment layer of a liquid crystal display device, including a first lamp and a second lamp located at a different position than the first lamp, but on the same side of the alignment layer. Also, both lamps irradiate different ultraviolet rays that are within ±10 degrees of parallelism, and the first and second lamps irradiate ultraviolet rays in two different directions.

Abstract: First and second sub-picture element electrodes, a buffer capacitance, and a first to third TFTs are formed in each picture element; the first and second TFTs are driven by a signal supplied to an nth gate bus line; the third TFT is driven by a signal supplied to an (n+1)th gate bus line; the first sub-picture element electrode is connected to the first and third TFTs; the second sub-picture element electrode is connected to the second TFT; a drain electrode of the third TFT is connected to an upper electrode of the buffer capacitance; and a lower electrode of this buffer capacitance is connected to the (n+1)th gate bus line.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display having a viewing angle which is controllable in side directions without forming a white sub-pixel is disclosed. The vertical alignment type liquid crystal display has a display screen including a plurality of pixels. Each pixel includes a display control region in which an alignment of liquid crystal molecules is controlled such that the liquid crystal molecules are disposed in an inclined orientation with respect to the display screen when a control voltage is applied, and a viewing angle control region in which the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules is controlled such that the liquid crystal molecules are disposed in a first side orientation or in a second side orientation when a control voltage is applied. The control voltage is applied through a viewing angle control line separated from the display control region.