Abstract: An automatic printer for making prints of normal and panoramic format negative filmstrip image frames arbitrarily interspersed in a single filmstrip. Normal and panoramic projection systems are provided for projecting normal and panoramic images onto respective projection planes of the photographic print paper. Normal and panoramic format image frames are distinguished, and the appropriate projection system is employed through the insertion or withdrawal of a first reflective mirror into the projection path of the image bearing light beam. Zoom lens systems in each projection system are set to the appropriate magnifications for the width of print paper employed. The panoramic projection system employs a precision variable conjugate controlled zoom lens in association with a second movable mirror to adjust object plane to image plane distance to avoid overlap of the normal and panoramic projection planes at each magnification for each paper width.

Abstract: A telephone remote control system for direct control of the dialing sequence of a telephone from a personal computer. The remote control system includes an RF transmitter unit mounted on a personal computer and an RF receiver unit within a phone. The transmitter receives dialing commands from a personal computer and transmits those commands to a receiver unit via an RF signal. The receiver unit receives the dialing commands from the transmitter unit and directly controls the dialing sequence of the telephone.

Abstract: There is provided an image forming apparatus having a magnification varying function for adjusting a lateral magnification and focus by varying the positions of a lens and a mirror of an exposure optical system for forming an image of an original on a photosensitive drum.

Abstract: In an imaging apparatus, provided is an optical device which is capable of changing the magnifying power thereof. The optical device includes a zoom lens system having a power varying lens group and a correction lens group both of which are movable in the direction of the optical axis of the zoom lens system with respect to the zoom lens system. The zoom lens system is moved in the direction of the optical axis of the zoom lens system, and the power varying lens is driven synchronously with the movement of the zoom lens system. Further, the zoom lens system and the correction lens are moved in accordance with a magnifying power and data representing the amount of the displacement of the zoom lens system respective to the optical axis and the displacement of the correction lens with respect to the optical system.

Abstract: A focusing method is disclosed wherein a substrate is moved substantially along a focal plane of a projection optical system up to a predetermined station adjacent to the focal plane of the projection optical system and then, at the predetermined station, the surface of the substrate is brought into substantial coincidence with the focal plane of the projection optical system. The method includes the steps of detecting a deviation of the surface of the substrate with respect to the focal plane of the projection optical system, before the substrate, being moved substantially along the focal plane of the projection optical system, is moved up to the predetermined station; and substantially correcting the deviation on the basis of the detection.

Abstract: A variable magnification copier apparatus includes an optical system which incorporates two pairs of moving mirror assemblies which are moved to maintain object and image conjugate requirements following magnification changes. Also included is a constant focal length lens movable between two segments of a folded optical path. The optical system provides a magnification range of between 0.45X and 2.0X, while positioning the optical elements in a compact design. The lens does not move along the optical path, but rather remains fixed in position along one path segment so long as magnification values are selected within a certain range. When the magnification value is selected outside the predetermined range, the lens moves to an adjacent segment of the optical path and remains in a second, fixed position so long as further magnification values are selected within a second range. When a range is selected outside the second range, the lens is moved back to the first position.

Abstract: A lens loading apparatus for loading a lens held by a holding member into a lens loading unit disposed in the center of a support plate which extends substantially in a horizontal direction. The lens loading apparatus has a first reference surface formed in the upper surface of the support plate along a lens insertion direction and used for placing the holding member thereon. A second reference surface is formed on the support plate along the lens insertion direction and against which one end surface of the holding member, which extends along the lens insertion direction, abuts. The holding member, which is inserted from a horizontally-extending one end, is guided along the second reference surface by a first pressing member. Further, the holding member is guided along the first reference surface by a second pressing member, thereby making it possible to stably position the lens in a predetermined place.

Abstract: A variable power optical system having a mechanical system capable of moving a lens holder and a mirror holder having a predetermined relationship. A driving force moves the lens holder and the mirror holder. The movement of the mirror holder is controlled so as to control the magnification power of the optical system. The present optical system permits a widened power range to be employed without making the total capacity of a machine large.

Abstract: When an input reproduction scale m is equal to a value mla which lies in a reproduction scale section ml, rated moving speeds Ula and U2a corresponding to the reproduction scale m and a resonance point avoidance coefficient kl (=1) are read in, and practical moving speeds Vla (=kl.times.Ula=Ula) and V2a (=k1.times.U2a=U2a) of a holder 2 and a cylindrical drum 10 are determined with the above data. On the other hand, when the input reproduction scale m is equal to a value m2b which lies in another reproduction scale section m2, rated moving speeds Ulb and U2b corresponding to the reproduction scale m and a resonance point avoidance coefficient k2 (.noteq.1) are read in, and practical moving speeds Vlb (=k2.times.Ulb.noteq.U1b) and V2b (=k2.times.U2b.noteq.U2b) are determined with the above data.

Abstract: A high speed multi-magnification photofinishing printer for selectively projecting images onto a projection plane containing photographic paper at a plurality of different magnifications is disclosed herein. This printer includes means for supporting a given image bearing photographic negative, means cooperating with the negative for producing a given image bearing light beam, and a plurality of spaced apart but fixed magnification lenses, each of which is designed to project the given image bearing light beam onto the photographic paper contained within the projection plane at different magnifications. The printer also includes light beam position altering means for selectively and alternatively causing the image bearing light beam to pass through any one of the plurality of fixed magnification lenses and onto the photographic paper, whereby to selectively and alternatively project the image bearing light beam onto the paper at one of the different magnifications.

Abstract: A mirror driving method, and device, for a photographic printer having a mirror diagonally movable into and out of a printing light path between a photographic film and a printing lens. The mirror is moved into the printing light path for reflecting light toward a photometric system of the photographic printer during light measurement before printing. During printing, the mirror is removed from the printing light path and is stopped at a rest position. When moving from the rest position into the printing light path, the mirror is controlled to move first at a high speed and then at a low speed. When the printer operation is interrupted for a period or terminated, the mirror is locked at a lock position which is removed from the printing light path.

Abstract: A copying apparatus is provided with a first scanning unit for scanning a first document to expose a photosensitive material and a second scanning unit for scanning a second document to expose the photosensitive material, and, at a position where the optical path of the scanning light of the first scanning unit and the optical path of the scanning light of the second scanning apparatus align with each other, a zoom lens is disposed to modify magnification. Consequently, a lens used exclusively for a high magnification becomes unnecessary.

Abstract: A printing or copying apparatus of a type provided with a recording medium, operable device for forming an image on the recording medium, device for operating a first signal required for the timing operation of the operable device, keys for instructing to start or stop the execution of image formation, first control device controlling the operable device in accordance with the first signal, and which comprises a memory for storing a program for operation control of the operable device for image formation, and second control device for controlling the first control device in accordance with the key instructing device for controlling the execution of image formation and for controlling at least one of the operable devices, and which comprises a memory for storing a program for operation control of the first control device.

Abstract: When a film where a picture image is recorded in a vertical format is used in a reader printer with a horizontal type screen, the image rotating operation as well as the enlarging and reducing operations of the projected image, which should be changed over between the reader mode and the printing mode, may be performed easily through the operation of only one operation member.

Abstract: A variable magnification electrophotographic copier wherein the ratio of object and image distances is changed by rotating a focusing device about an axis orthogonal to its optical axis. In a preferred embodiment, the focusing device is a refractive lens having a shape factor different from zero; the rotational axis intersects the optical axis; and the rotation angle is 180.degree. selectively to reverse the lens surfaces and provide images of two different magnifications each having minimum spherical aberration.

Abstract: In a magnification adjusting mechanism, preparatory movement position calculating means utilizes a current position where an optical system is positioned at present, and a target position for the optical system which corresponds to an aimed magnification inputted by a magnification inputting means, to calculate a preparatory movement position between the current position and said target position, and optical system drive control means controls optical system driving means in such a manner that, when a magnification is inputted by the magnification inputting means, the optical system is moved to a preparatory movement position calculated by the preparatory movement position calculating means, and that, when a final magnification is determined, the optical system is moved to the target position, whereby even when a magnification is set again because it is unacceptable, the optical system is quickly moved to the destination.

Abstract: A copying machine has an optical unit for forming a latent image on a photosensitive drum which corresponds to an original document supported for copying on a glass table of the copying machine. The copying machine is operable in two copying modes, in which the document is positioned at either a left reference mark on the glass table or at a right reference mark. The optical unit includes four (4) mirrors for scanning the original document and a lens, which are supported for movement on a plurality of carriages. In the left reference mode, a document to be copied is positioned at the left side of the glass table. The first carriage, which supports a first mirror, is moved to scan the document to be copied. A second carriage, which supports a second and third mirror, is also moved during the scanning operation but at one-half the speed of the first carriage. In the right reference mode, a document to be copied is set at the right side of the glass table.

Abstract: A copy machine (10) of the type for producing enlargements or reductions of an original material includes mirrors (14) for reflecting an image of the original material to a lens (16) and from the lens (16) to an image fixing system (18), and a lens (16) for enlarging or reducing the image reflected thereto by the mirrors (14). The lens (16) is fixed relative to the machine (10). The image fixing system (18) fixes the reflected image on a substrate. The mirrors (38,40,44,46) are moveable for enlarging or reducing the image reflected to and from the lens (16). The machine (10) includes a control system (20) for controlling the movement of the mirrors (38,40,44,46) and simultaneously reducing or enlarging and focusing the image reflected to the image fixing system (18).

Abstract: Variable magnification optics for an image forming apparatus has a plurality of optical members, especially a first mirror and a lens located at the rear of the mirror, which are movable in association with each other and over a minimum of distance. This reduces the exclusive space which the optics occupies in the apparatus and, therefore, the overall dimensions of the apparatus. The mirror and lens which are interlocked with each other do not need independent drive lines, whereby the overall dimensions of the apparatus are further reduced.

Abstract: A photographic lens system having three subsystems aligned about the optical center. The first system is a zoom lens. The second is a field lens or illumination source. The third subsystem is a second zoom lens. The second subsystem is arranged to reproduce the outlet aperture of the first zoom lens in the inlet aperture of the second zoom lens.

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus for printing an image of a negative film on a photographic print paper. The apparatus is equipped with a zoom lens for changing a printing magnification rate and the zoom lens incorporates an adjustable diaphragm for changing an aperture size. A standard F-number for each of possible magnification rates is predetermined in view of actual printing result, and a resultant F-number is stored in a memory for each of possible magnification rates. In the apparatus provided a sensor, disposed on the optical axis of the zoom lens, for detecting the illuminance of a projected surface on the photographic print paper and CPU for controlling the adjustable diaphragm in response to the detected illuminance to determine an optimum aperture size to obtain the predetermined F-number for each of possible magnification rates. The optimum aperture size is stored in the memory for each of possible magnification rates.

Abstract: A printing or copying apparatus of a type provided with a recording medium, operable device for forming an image on the recording medium, device for operating a first signal required for the timing operation of the operable device, keys for instructing to start or stop the execution of image formation, first control device controlling the operable device in accordance with the first signal, and which comprises a memory for storing a program for operation control of the operable device for image formation, and second control device for controlling the first control device in accordance with the key instructing device for controlling the execution of image formation and for controlling at least one of the operable devices, and which comprises a memory for storing a program for operation control of the first control device.

Abstract: A continuous plural page copying method for a copier determines the size and lengthwise direction of a document which is laid on a glass platen, and produces magnifications on the basis of a relationship between one half of the size of the document in the lengthwise direction and the size of the papers selected. Consecutive pages of the document are reproduced continuously with no regard to the orientation of the document on the glass platen relative to the scanning direction of a scanner. The method reproduces an image on a paper while desirably matching it to the size of the paper.

Abstract: A copying apparatus has a paper size automatic selection function for automatically selecting papers of any desired size in a plurality of available sizes. The copying apparatus is provided with a plurality of paper supply cassettes each accommodating a plurality of copy papers, an original size detector sensor for detecting the size of an original document to be copied, a plurality of copy paper size detector switches for detecting the size of the copy papers accommodated in the paper supply cassettes, a plurality of magnification setting keys for setting a desired magnification ratio, a plurality of reference tables, a plurality of selector switches for selecting a desired reference table in accordance with the detected size of the original document and a control system. Each of the reference tables indicates the relationship among sizes of original documents, magnification ratios and sizes of copy papers.

Abstract: A scanning-member-stop positioning device for the image forming apparatus, wherein a document in contact with a document glass plate is exposed due to the movement of a scanning member consisting of an optical section or a document glass plate, will execute a precise braking control in which a suitable degree of the brake power determined by the actual run to stop the scanning member just at the home position. Accordingly the present invention should be characterized about what the brake power, started at the timing of the passage over the fixed position against the scanning member running back toward the home position in the fixed velocity, is changed the degree, and about what the suitable degree of the brake power is determined by operation corresponding to the moving distances given as a result of the change.

Abstract: Adjusting apparatus adapted to adjust the positions of a first moving frame and a second moving frame respectively engaged with a pair of wrapping power transmission members installed with a predetermined distance provided therebetween. The adjusting apparatus comprises a shaft, an adjustment plate rotatably integrally with the shaft, a first member to be wrapped and a second member to be wrapped. The shaft is rotatably supported by a pair of lateral plates. The adjustment plate is attached to one of the lateral plates so as to be adjustable in rotation. The first member to be wrapped is rotatably supported by one end of the shaft and secured to one of the wrapping power transmission members. The second member to be wrapped is secured to the other end of the shaft and secured to the other wrapping power transmission member.

Abstract: A broad magnification ratio range, microform to paper printing system includes a fixed focal length objective lens, a selectively adjustable short zoom mirror assembly, a selectively adjustable long zoom mirror assembly and optical switching means selectively to exclude or include the long zoom mirror assembly to provide the optical path length needed for the magnification ratio selected. The printing system may include an aperture shutter assembly positioned immediately adjacent the image slit of the optical system, the aperture shutter assembly having two blades operative to set the aperture width therebetween to control drum exposure and also operative selectively to close the aperture therebetween to block drum exposure.

Abstract: An apparatus for automatically feeding document sheets one by one to an exposure position through a specified transport path and automatically photographing each sheet in response to an operation signal given when the sheet has reached the exposure position. The apparatus comprises sensors for detecting the size or kind of the sheet transported through the path, and a mode change mechanism operable in accordance with the detection data obtained by the sensor for changing the photographing mode as to the magnification of its phohtographic optical system or the aperture size of the aperture assembly thereof. The photographing mechanism of the apparatus is held out of operation while the mode change mechanism is in operation even if the operation signal is given. Consequently, each sheet can be photographed on the film in suitable mode, and the failure due to the mode changing procedure is avoidable.

Abstract: A variable magnification scanning optical system for a copying machine includes a lens (10) for projecting an image of an original document (2) with a pre-selected magnification onto a moving imaging member (6). The scan speed may be varied relative to the speed of the imaging member to alter the magnification in the scan direction. To this end a reference signal is generated which is derived from the imaging member and is indicative of the nominal pre-selected magnification. A second signal is generated indicative of the scan speed and the scan speed is varied, e.g. by a servo system (see FIG. 2), until the second signal matches the reference signal. To compensate for tolerances between the nominal magnification and the actual magnification, the reference signal may be adjusted by applying an offset value (23) stored in the memory. This offset value may be entered into the memory by an operator via a keyboard panel (22).

Abstract: An image projection device for use in a slit exposure type optical system, which has a projection lens cut horizontally at a position above the optical axis thereof and a holder which holds the projection lens at its lower circumferential portion. The slit exposure type optical system includes a transparent plate for supporting an original thereon, an illumination lamp for illuminating the original on the transparent plate from below, a first, second, third and fourth mirrors for transmitting a bundle of rays reflected from the original to a light receiving surface, and a slitted member for restricting the bundle of rays from the original to the light receiving surface. The projective lens can have a made compacter than when the circular lens is used and can be smaller eccentricity than when the lens is cut at its upper and lower portions.

Abstract: A density measuring device for originals in an enlarging/reducing projector, which is installed in a electrophotographic copying machine or in an image sensor to measure original densities for enlarged/reduced printing under automatic exposure control. The device includes a light sensor, which receives light from an original via mirrors, and moves to keep a constant distance between the sensor and the original when the mirrors move in response to the change of projective magnification. The length of optical path for original density measurement is corrected by moving the sensor separately from but in accordance with the projection lens as the lens moves to change projective magnification.

Abstract: An image scanning apparatus including a scanning optical system, an image sensor for converting an image beam received from the scanning optical system into an electric signal, and a projecting lens disposed on an optical path between the scanning optical system and the image sensor. The projecting lens is movable along the optical axis for varying projecting magnification. A swing mirror is additionally provided on the optical path between the scanning optical system and the projecting lens. When in an operative position, the swing mirror intercepts the optical path and establishes a shorter optical path for use in obtaining the image of a film or the like in super-magnification.

Abstract: A scanning exposure device comprises a projection lens, a photosensitive member disposed beneath the projection lens, two movable mirrors disposed with their reflecting surfaces facing upward and having asymmetrical inclinations relative to each other, and a stationary mirror disposed with its reflecting surface facing downward to form an optical path together with the movable mirrors. The two movable mirrors are driven for scanning movements so as to expose a picture image from the projection lens on the photosensitive member through a slit. Thus, an optical path is established in which the light beam projected from the projection lens located at a higher position is guided toward the photosensitive member located at a lower position.

Abstract: An optical system for a copier includes a lens and mirrors which are movable simultaneously such that an image of an original can be projected on a recording medium at a selected magnification. A cylindrical cam is rotated by a motor which also moves the lens and the cylindrical cam has a guide piece formed on its side surface such that a holder for the mirrors is driven by the rotation of the cam in such a way that the desired magnification is achieved. The holder has two rollers sandwiching the guide piece and compressed against its side surfaces by a spring such that the mirrors can be accurately moved in coordination with the motion of the lens according to the selected magnification.

Abstract: An image recording apparatus comprising a device for setting the magnification-changing mode of an image, a device for changing the magnification of the image in accordance with the setting device, and a device for controlling the magnification-changing setting device to change the magnification of a part of the image at a magnification-changing ratio different from another part thereof and to continuously reproduce such a magnification-changed image.

Abstract: Adjustable image print magnification system for a printer of the type using a raster output scanner having a rotating scanning polygon, a pixel clock providing clock signals for clocking pixels from an image signal source to the scanner, a polygon clock for controlling the rotating speed of the polygon, a first cycle stealing circuit for reducing the scanner pixel and polygon clocks together to control image length, and a second cycle stealing circuit for reducing the pixel clock only to control image width.

Abstract: A reader printer includes a rotatable scanning mirror disposed in an optical path formed between a projection lens and a printer section in correspondence with a printer mode, the scanning mirror being rotated to perform scanning of an image and a movable mirror disposed near such a printer mode optical path for movement between an inserted position where it is inserted in the optical path and a retracted position to which it is retracted from the optical path. Movement of the movable mirror causes mutual switching between the printer mode optical path and the reader mode optical path.

Abstract: Improvements in a magnification varying device for electrophotographic copying machine of the mirror scan type to eliminate the drawbacks to be encountered and resulting in degraded copy images when the magnification varying range is increased, such as objectionable operative connection between a projection lens and a deflection mirror, and leakage of undesired light between the lens and a light blocking member around the path of travel of the lens. The present device includes an eccentric cam having the largest radius at a position for giving an equal magnification to assure smooth transmission of drive force to the deflection mirror, and a second light blocking member provided at each side of the lens and opposed to the mirror for preventing the objectionable light not blocked by the above blocking member from reaching the mirror when the lens is qat a position for a reduced magnification.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus with a magnification changing mechanism for an optical system wherein a first carriage carrying a lamp and a mirror for scanning an image of a document, a second carriage adapted to run in the same direction but at a half speed of the first carriage and carrying a V-mirror, and a lens for projecting the image of the document are provided. A V-mirror position changing device includes a block carriage disposed at an end of a closed loop wire for driving the first and second carriages, and a stationary block disposed on a body frame in a manner to correspond to adjoining blocks disposed on the block carriage. The wire is made to run on the blocks of the block carriage and the stationary block, and the terminal end of the wire is fixed on the block carriage.

Abstract: In a mirror scan type copying machine in which a light source and part of mirrors are movable, the optical system employs an asymmetrical lens construction for image formation. The optical system is mounted on an inverting drive mechansim for switching the optical system from a position where its principal point is located on the side of the original mount into a position where its principal point is located on the side of the sensitive material surface or vice versa.

Abstract: Disclosed is a copy paper delivery-timing control device which includes the following: a home position sensor that detects the home position of the original scanner; a pulse-generator for generating a specific number of pulses corresponding to the travelling distance of the scanner; a counter that activates counting of a specific number of pulses when the scanner passes through its home position; a timer for activating counting as soon as the value of the counter exactly matches a specific value denoting the tip position of the original; a device for starting transfer of copy paper to the transference position as soon as the timer fully counts up the predetermined time; and a control device for activating the timer when the "1-set/2-copy" mode is entered for continuously copying both the left half and the right half of the original on individual copying papers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a copying machine for producing copies of variable magnification. The copying machine displays numerical values of a linear magnification and an area magification. The area magnification is square of the linear magnification. Furthermore the copying machine can be inputted arbitrary numerical values as the linear magnifications and the area magnifications.

Abstract: Improvements in a variable magnification projecting device for use in electrophotographic copying machines or the like to overcome the objections encountered when the magnification is varied greatly, such as a great amount of shift of the projection lens which requires a prolonged period of time, and a large amount of shift of a mirror in an undesirable direction. Variations between the same-size magnification and enlarged magnifications are effected by shifting the projection lens and at least a mirror in the rear of the lens, while variations between the same-size magnification and reduced magnifications are made by shifting the projection lens and at least mirrors in front of the lens.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a scan type anamorphic magnifying apparatus capable of a so-called anamorphic magnification for appropriately enlarging or reducing an image of an original document scanned by a slit exposure method through varying a vertical-lateral proportion of the image, and more particularly to the scan type anamorphic magnifying apparatus comprising a first anamorphic optical element including a cylindrical lens and the like having a negative refracting power in a scanning direction and a second anamorphic optical element including a cylindrical lens and the like having a positive refracting power in the scanning direction both of which are provided to be cooperative with each other in a projection optical path extending toward a photosensitive member.

Abstract: An optical unit holding device for copying machines having a pair of stationary slide members attached to one end of a support frame proper which holds an optical unit reciprocating for document exposure, and another pair of slide members which is turnably attached to the other end of the support frame proper, thereby holding the support frame proper on a slider at four points by a manner that each pair of the slide members is supported on the slider, and further a driving wire is connected respectively to each end of the support frame proper.

Abstract: A copying apparatus including an original scanning device such that relative positions of a leading edge of a copy paper sheet and a front end of an image to be copied are controlled in accordance with a time interval between a point of time at the start of scanning of the original scanning device and a point of time at the start of transport of the copy paper sheet. The copying apparatus further includes a device for reciprocating, in a mode for starting scanning of the original scanning device after the start of transport of the copy paper sheet, the original scanning device through a short distance at a low speed prior to the start of copying of the image onto the copy paper sheet so as to determine a start position of scanning of the original scanning device.

Abstract: An anamorphic focusing system includes a focusing device including a roof-mirror-lens array for focusing an image of an object, and a cylindrical lens disposed in an optical path extending from the focusing device toward the image for magnifying the image in a direction perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the roof-mirror-lens array.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus with a unidirectional magnification function, the apparatus comprising an original scanning unit for optically scanning an original in a predetermined direction so as to obtain an optical image, a variable magnification unit having first and second variable magnification mechanisms which vary magnifications of the optical image obtained by the original scanning unit in the original scanning direction, and in a direction perpendicular thereto, a photosensitive body which is movable in synchronism with the original scanning unit, an image forming unit for exposing the optical image onto the photosensitive body through the first or second variable magnification mechanisms of the variable magnification unit, so as to form an image which has the predetermined magnifications with respect to the original, and a unidirectional magnification unit for independently driving one of the first and second variable magnification mechanisms of the variable magnification unit.

Abstract: A method of controlling the movement of a lens in a copying apparatus wherein the amount of lens movement is detected and the movement of the lens is corrected if necessary when the lens passes the home position. Even an error in the number of pulses counted before the lens passes the home position can be corrected because of the presence of the home position.

Abstract: In an electrophotographic copying machine of a type in which an original table is fixed, a wire is stretched over pulleys provided on two movable members so that a slit for scanning an orignal and a set of reflecting mirrors for reflecting light from the slit towards a lens may be moved at a ratio of 2:1.According to this invention, an endless wire having the opposite ends of the wire connected is used, and an adjusting screw capable of adjusting a spacing between both the movable members by turning the screw is provided at the connected portion, and focussing can be made by turning the adjusting screw. If this adjusting screw is made to expose to the outside of the copying machine body, focussing can be made from outside.