Abstract: A scanning system which includes a rotatable multifaceted polygon, the faceted surfaces of which are optically reflective; a recording means spaced-apart from the said polygon and adapted to move in a direction parallel to the rotational axis of the polygon; light generating means for generating at least one pair of light beams, the light beams of each pair being directed at different angles onto the faceted surface in a manner whereby the regions of the faceted surface illuminated by the beams are in contact with each other in a non-overlapping relationship; modulating means for modulating the said at least one pair of light beams; and focussing means interposed between the said polygon and the said recording means for focussing each pair of light beams reflected from the said polygon onto the said recording means.

Abstract: A document reproduction machine having an extended range of magnifications employs a scanning optical system which is controlled as to scanning speed and distance of travel by the selected magnification. In an extended reduction copying range the speed of the scanning optical system is automatically increased in proportion to the selected magnification reduction, but the increase in scanning distance is limited to the platen size. A clutch mechanism is employed to terminate the normally increasing scanning distance in the extended reduction range.

Abstract: A compound optical system apparatus, having a main optical path with a reflector, a shutter, an objective lens, and an image-receiving surface; and an alternately activated folded auxiliary optical path, with quasi-collimative reflective elements, one closely peripherally disposed to the main optical path, for passing a relatively small auxiliary image through the objective lens and displaying it upon the image-receiving surface on the side of the main image that is opposite to the side where the one reflective element is positioned with respect to the objective lens.

Abstract: A slit-scanning type optical copying apparatus, wherein successive increments of the surface of an original are scanned by reciprocating an original-carrying support or an original-image scanning mirror, so that an original image is focused on a photosensitive member moving or turning at a given speed or at a given R.P.M. in a given direction, through a projecting optical system including an objective lens. In this optical copying apparatus, the projecting optical system comprises: a single objective lens; a roof reflecting member having adjoining reflecting surfaces making a right angle therebetween, the aforesaid reflecting member being positioned in the rear of the objective lens; a single half-mirror positioned in the optical path in the front of the objective lens and oriented to direct projecting beams from the original onto the lens and to direct projecting beams from the lens onto the photosensitive member, respectively; and means for turning the reflecting member through an angle of 90.degree.

Abstract: In a photocopying apparatus wherein a first mirror is suitably connected to a second mirror, a mirror drive comprises an endless chain which is driven on a continuous path, and to which is affixed an actuation element, which may contact a projection attached to a mounting base supporting the first mirror, whereby the first and second mirrors may be driven forwards by the endless chain acting through the actuation element and the first mirror base projection.

Abstract: A likeness and signature of the first negotiator of a check are imprinted on the check from a source of identifying information including the likeness and signature of one or more individuals. The source of information may be an identification card carried by each individual, and the imprinting step may be carried out by an office copying machine having a blank paper storage magazine, an exposure station that individually receives sheets of blank paper from the magazine, and a document receiving window from which a document image is projected onto the sheet received at the exposure station.

Abstract: A copying machine capable of copying either bulky originals or sheet originals. The machine includes a bulky original holder and sheet original feeder having a sheet original exposure section arranged at a position sufficiently spaced apart from the bulky original holder so that it does not interfere with the operation of the bulky original holder. A bulky original scanning device includes at least two movable mirrors, one of which is moved out of the optical path to form an optical path for scanning the sheet original.

Abstract: Apparatus for shifting a lens carriage including a variable magnification pancratic lens assembly having a plurality of relatively movable optical elements. The lens carriage is mounted to move a first lens element to a plurality of discrete positions along a travel path (oblique to the optical axis established at the 1:1 magnification ratio) for maintaining registration of the light image projected by the lens assembly in the image plane when the image-to-object distance is fixed. A second element of the lens assembly is carried by the first element and is longitudinally movable to a plurality of discrete positions relative to the first element. An arm is positioned in the path of movement of the second lens element to engage the second element to effect particular longitudinal movement thereof relative to the first lens element as the carriage is moved.

Abstract: An optical apparatus and reproducing machine includes an optical system for viewing a document and for projecting an image thereof onto a moving imaging surface. A plurality of optical elements are arranged along an optical path. The projected image magnification is changed by changing the position of at least two optical elements. An interlock apparatus associated with the magnification changing system is provided for inhibiting the change in position of one of the two optical elements until the other of the two optical elements has completed its change in position, upon the changing of the magnification of the optical system.

Abstract: An apparatus for stripwise viewing a document and for projecting an image thereof onto a moving imaging surface. The viewing apparatus includes at least one reflector having a reflecting surface and being arranged along an optical path. An illumination slit controls the projected illumination intensity. The slit is defined by at least one boundary configured in a desired profile. The reflecting surface of the reflector is delimited so that at least one boundary defined by the reflecting surface is configured in the desired slit profile, whereby the reflector and slit are arranged integrally together. A reproducing apparatus and a process for making the viewing apparatus also are claimed.

Abstract: A slit exposure device of the type in which an original carrier is fixed and an optical system is movable. A driving force transmitting member adapted to move an optical system is passed over output shafts, and rotation of the output shafts causes two groups of optical elements to be reciprocated at a speed ratio of 2 : 1. One of the movable groups of elements requires that an electric cord be connected thereto, wherein one end of the electric cord is fixed, the direction of the cord being changed during movement by means of a rotatable member.

Abstract: An intensity modulated laser beam is directed to a rotating scanner having a plurality of facets which scans the beam across the surface of a movable mirror in a first scan direction. The mirror is movable in a manner whereby the beam is deflected in a second scan direction. The light reflected from the movable mirror is directed through a focusing lens onto a movable cylinder lens located adjacent the platen which is movable in a direction corresponding to the second scan direction, thereby providing two-dimensional scanning of a document. In one embodiment, the movable mirror and the movable cylinder lens are driven by a single motor and are coupled together in the manner whereby the movement thereof is mechanically interlocked thereby providing perfect tracking of the scanned laser beam within the clear aperture of the cylinder lens. In a second embodiment, the movable mirror and the movable cylinder lens may be independently driven and interlocked electronically.

Abstract: A unity magnification catoptric image-forming system and an illumination system on the one hand, and an object- and image-surface supporting means on the other hand, are arranged for relative movement to retain the object and image surfaces in unity magnification conjugate planes of the catoptric system while effecting a scanning-type exposure of successive portions of the image surface to successively illuminated portions of the object. Fine motion mechanisms permit accurate preliminary adjustment of the object- and image-receiving surfaces relative to each other while under visual examination with the aid of the catoptric image-forming system.

Abstract: A microfilm viewer has an attachment for producing enlarged copies of microfilm, the viewer being of a typical construction and modified as having a cabinet opening beneath the area containing a first mirror used for deflecting a beam of light issuing from a projecting lens onto a projection screen. An undercut area is provided in the cabinet below such opening within which area a separate auxiliary device for making copy enlargements of microfilm records is located. Such auxiliary device has a support frame for a second mirror, the frame and second mirror extending into the opening provided in the viewer cabinet. The second mirror is so disposed as to catch the light beam reflected from the first mirror and deflect it onto a substantially horizontal picture plane of the auxiliary device so as to illuminate a light-sensitive material located in such picture plane.

Abstract: A flat platen, rotating mirror scanning system is disclosed in which the angular velocity of the rotating mirror is continually varied from end to middle to end of scan to effect a constant speed of scan across the platen surface. This is achieved by providing a mirror drive arrangement which is the mechanical analog of the optical geometry. Conjugate distance changes inherent in flat platen scanning are compensated by a stationary "half-lens" adjacent to the rotating mirror.

Abstract: A microform data acquisition processing and storage system in which data is fed from a computer, tape or cards to a cathode ray tube from whence an image produced on the tube is projected onto a photographic film or alternatively by means of an optical switching device an image of a document located on a document platen within the apparatus can be projected on to the same film without changing the film; the cathode ray tube is provided with a coating having a spectral peak between 500 and 600 nm so as to match the spectral peak of the image on the platen.

Abstract: A process camera having a film mounting plate and a manuscript mounting plate arranged generally in a same plane. At least one of the plates is pivotably mounted on a base.

Abstract: A flat platen, rotating mirror scanning system is disclosed in which the angular velocity of the rotating mirror is continually varied from end to middle to end of scan to effect a constant speed of scan across the platen surface. This is achieved by providing a mirror drive arrangement which is the mechanical analog of the optical geometry. Conjugate distance changes inherent in flat platen scanning are compensated by a stationary "half-lens" adjacent to the rotating mirror.

Abstract: A multi-mode reproducing apparatus which includes means for copying documents selectively at a plurality of copy image magnifications. An imaging surface is arranged for movement at a given velocity. Optical elements are provided for viewing a document and for projecting an image thereof onto the moving imaging surface. The optical elements include a first stationary lens for projecting the image onto the surface at a first projected image magnification, and a second lens arranged for movement between a first stored position where it is inoperative and a second position where it is operative to project an image of the document onto the surface at a second projected image magnification different from the first magnification.

Abstract: An optical system for a scanning apparatus uses a folded optical path with certain mirrors moving, the movement of the mirrors such that the length of the optical path, and thus the magnification, is maintained constant. Either a fixed or movable lens system can be provided. With a fixed lens system there is differential movement of mirrors. With a moving lens system, the lens system and image receiver move in fixed relationship with the scanning mirror.

Abstract: First and second rollers extend perpendicular to the direction of reciprocation of the scanning head and are disposed on opposite sides of the scanning head in said direction. First and second curtains are fixed at first ends to the first and second rollers respectively and at second ends to the scanning head. The curtains are rolled around the respective rollers. First and second pulleys are fixed for rotation with the first and second rollers. A tensioned wire is fixed at its opposite ends to the first and second pulleys and rolled around the first and second pulleys in directions opposite to directions in which the first and second curtains are rolled around the first and second rollers respectively. As the scanning head is moved thereby unrolling one of the curtains, the pulleys and wire rotate the other roller so as to roll the other curtain thereonto.

Abstract: A photographic copying machine constructed to accommodate a camera, an image projector and an image viewer in respective locations, and a lens system which is common to the camera, projector and viewer. The machine also includes a rotatable turret mounting a plane mirror, by which the lens system can be coupled for use with each of the camera, projector and viewer selectively.

Abstract: The exposure process and apparatus are for use with electrophotographic copying machines of the type in which a photosensitive surface is moved at a constant rate at any magnification selected. Upon changing from a magnification of unity to a magnification of .beta., a lens means arrangement which may be of any type, e.g., a customary lens, a variable focus lens, a lens of in-prism or in-mirror construction, is displaced, in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis thereof at unity magnification, by a distance which is determined in accordance with .beta. and another factor so that the same position for placement of an original to be copied on a holder such as a glass plate, can be maintained as the magnification is varied.

Abstract: A method of eliminating a ghost image in an image forming process wherein a recording medium is scanned with a light beam reflected by a polygonal rotary mirror, and wherein the light beam for scanning is directed toward the rotary mirror along a path so that the angle between the path and the rotary axis of the rotary mirror is not equal to 90.degree. so as to displace the ghost image formed on the recording medium to a position out of the scanning line on the recording medium.

Abstract: The apparatus disclosed herein is a copy machine wherein a document may be supported on a fixed plane and the image thereon scanned by a scanning mirror arranged to sweep past the document and by the use of a series of mirrors will position the image on a drum rotated on an axis parallel to the direction of movement of the scanning mirrors. This scanning system utilized a first and a second carriage which are moved relative to each other and are driven by a cam and linkage affording initially movement of the mirrors from a home position across the scanning area to a start position to begin the scanning mode at uniform speed, said cam affording continuous controlled acceleration, velocity and displacement of the scanning mirrors.

Abstract: An electrostatic photographic copying apparatus includes an optical system for projecting an image of an original onto the surface of a photosensitive drum. The system consists of openings for exposure of the original and the photosensitive drum, first and second reflex mirrors, and a mirror lens. The mirror lens is disposed so that light from the original is reflected by the first reflex mirror into said mirror lens and from the mirror lens back to the first reflex mirror. The light from the original is then reflected by the first reflex mirror to the second reflex mirror and from the second reflex mirror onto the photosensitive drum to thereby form a four-fold reverse image of the original being copied.

Abstract: A folded optical system for scanning an object and projecting its image in four modes of operation. In one mode, a stationary object is scanned by moving mirrors and its conjugate image projected at unity magnification onto a moving image surface. In a second mode, conjugate distances are varied to project an image at other than unity magnification. In a third mode, the optical system remains stationary and the object is moved relative to it to enable imaging of objects larger than the scan travel of the optics. In a fourth mode, the optics again remain stationary and an add-reflector is introduced to create a reflection cavity to increase the object conjugate for minified imaging of large moving objects. Mirrors and lens are movable to effect magnification changes.

Abstract: A reproducing apparatus having a plurality of modes of operation. The apparatus includes a moving imaging surface. In a first mode of operation a stationary document is viewed and an image thereof is projected onto the imaging surface. In a second mode a document moving at a first speed synchronized to the speed of the moving imaging surface is viewed, and an image thereof is projected onto the imaging surface at a desired magnification. In a third mode a document moving at a second speed synchronized to the speed of the moving imaging surface is viewed and an image thereof is projected onto the surface at a reduced magnification. An arrangement for selecting the desired mode of operation is provided.

Abstract: One embodiment of the disclosed apparatus converges a beam of light to a point of focus and scans that point of focus through an arc at a predetermined radius. The beam of light is then imaged to another point of focus by a unitary power optical system. The second point of focus, therefore, also scans through an identical arc which is displaced by a selected distance along the optical axis from the first point of focus. A master mask for exposing a photoresist on a semiconductor wafer is located at the first point of focus and the semiconductor wafer whose layer of photoresist is to be exposed is located at the second point of focus. However, the mask and wafer are mounted in a different fixture which is radially translatable relative to the scanning beam of light so that a sequence of scans of the beam of light across the mask and wafer serves to illuminate all areas of the mask and to thereby image the information on the mask onto the photoresist layer on the semiconductor wafer.

Abstract: The optical system is adapted for use in a copying machine. At least three reflecting mirrors are used for slitwise scanning and successively reflecting an image of a material, to be copied, placed on a stationary transparent pane, onto a stationary focusing lens. The intermediate or second mirror is disposed stationary adjacent to one of the opposite ends of the pane, whereas the first and third mirrors are moved along respective paths at respective rates in a predetermined relation but in respective directions of movement. This arrangement permits the movable mirrors to effect their functions without overrunning the limits defined by the opposite ends of the pane, thereby resulting in a compact or reduced size construction of the machine.

Abstract: An apparatus for viewing an original and for projecting an image thereof onto a moving imaging surface and a reproducing machine employing the apparatus. The apparatus includes a lens arranged along an optical path. The projected image magnification may be changed by translating the lens in a plane of motion between first and second positions. Apparatus are provided for tilting the lens with respect to the plan of motion to a different extent at the first position than at the second position to thereby reduce the occurrence of vignetting in the optical system.

Abstract: A copying machine includes first and second original exposing sections and an optical system having a movable reflector. The optical system is so arranged as to permit a real image to be obtained when the reflector is moved in a first position corresponding to the first original exposing section and a mirror image to be obtained when the selective optical member in a second position corresponding to the second original exposing section.

Abstract: An optical system for strip scanning of an object in both directions of relative reciprocal motion between the object and the optical system. The object is first scanned in one direction, then the image orientation is rotated 180.degree. about the axis of propagation for scanning in the reverse direction. Properly oriented images are thus projected onto an image surface and move in the same direction during both directions of scan.

Abstract: Copying and telecopying device using a mechanism ensuring the analysis of a document by a scanning beam which, transmitted from the document, is sent to a drum coated with selenium. According to the invention, the equipment is completed by a laser source whose beam can be directed along two parallel incident paths, to a helical mirror, one of the beams being used for the analysis of the document and the transmission of the information at a distance, the other beam being modulated by a facsimile signal and being directed onto the drum coated with selenium.

Abstract: A multi-mode reproducing apparatus having an improved system for positioning the viewing and projection elements therein for purposes of moving original exposure. Variable magnification copying is provided by holding a scanning mirror system in a fixed position to view a document which is advanced past its viewing domain. A system for repositioning the mirrors for conjugate change in accordance with one embodiment includes a device for uncoupling one of the mirrors from the drive system through the use of a selectively actuable stop mechanism and a quick-connect and disconnect type of coupling between the drive system and the mirror. In accordance with an alternative embodiment a friction clutch and selectively actuable stop mechanism allows one mirror to be stopped while another one continues to be driven to its stop position. When the mirrors are returned to their home position their original coordinated arrangement is restored.

Abstract: An optical system for strip scanning of an object in both directions of relative reciprocal motion between the object and the optical system. The object is first scanned in one direction, then the optical axis between object and image is rotated 180.degree. for scanning in the reverse direction. Properly oriented images are thus projected onto a photoreceptor during both directions of scan.

Abstract: A document copying machine is disclosed, of the type in which the original moves reciprocally relative to an illumination slot so as to be exposed line-by-line from one end to the other, a receptor element, which may be a copy sheet taken from a supply stack, a selenium drum or other receptor surface, moving in one direction and having an image of the original transmitted to it by image beam guide devices located between the illumination slot and the receptor element. The machine has double the productive capacity of conventional copying machines where there is relative movement of the original and the exposure or illumination slot, in that a copy-producing image is transmitted, on relative movement of the original and the slot in one direction, on to a receptor element and a second copy-producing image is transmitted, on opposite relative movement of the original and the slot, on to a second receptor element or on to the same receptor element moved to a further position.

Abstract: In a copying apparatus having an original carriage and an optical system, a reciprocating movement control device comprises a drive source for driving a photosensitive medium and drive transmission means effective only during forward movement to transmit the drive of the drive source to cause relative movement of the original carriage and the optical system. Righting moment accumulator means is provided for accumulating therein a righting moment with the aid of the drive source during the forward movement to cause backward movement of the original carriage or the optical system. The drive transmission means may be released by a scanning completion signal to thereby permit the righting moment accumulated in the accumulator means during forward movement to backwardly move the original carriage or the optical system and to control the speed of the backward movement.

Abstract: A scanning mechanism is provided for a copying apparatus which is adapted to increase the number of copies per unit time when copying a smaller size document by increasing the scanning speed between the end of the shorter document and the normal end of scan position. A copying machine employing the above-noted scanning mechanism also forms part of the invention.

Abstract: A reader-printer comprises means for illuminating a film, lens means for projecting therethrough an image in the film, a viewing screen, a photosensitive medium, means for moving the photosensitive medium, and means for causing the photosensitive medium to be slit-exposed to the image in the moving film. Light splitting means is provided in the optical path of image projection so as to split part of the image light projected through the lens means to travel toward the viewing screen and the photosensitive medium so that only part of the image light projected upon the viewing screen is directed to the photosensitive medium.

Abstract: An exposure control device to be incorporated in an electrophotographic copying apparatus of the full frame exposure type with a moving photoreceptor, in which device a lens for projecting a light image of an original placed on a stationary platform onto the moving photoreceptor is adapted, during the flashing period of flash lamps for illuminating the original, to move in the same direction as the photoreceptor at a rate 1/m+1 times the moving rate of the photoreceptor for full frame exposure, by which arrangement, not only sufficient duration of flashing time of the flash lamps is available in high speed copying with consequent long life of the flash lamps, but definite, clear copies with high image resolution can be obtained.

Abstract: An optical system, particularly for use in an electrostatic copier of the type in which a document is scanned as it moves through an object plane, and an image transmitted to a photoconductive element which is moving through an image plane. A plurality of optical systems each including a lens of short focal length and a roof mirror, are adapted to transmit a portion of an illuminated object plane along parallel light paths. The images thus transmitted are so oriented with respect to each other as to form an integrated image on a receiving surface located at an image plane. In one embodiment the receiving surface is in the nature of a transfer mechanism which has the image cast thereupon in wrong reading orientation, and which mechanically transfers the image, in right reading orientation, to a copy sheet. By introducing an additional plane mirror into the system, the image can be converted to a right reading image for projection directly on a moving copy sheet at an image plane.

Abstract: A flying spot flat field scanning system is provided wherein a laser beam is directed to a polygon scanner which sweeps the beam via a pair of relatively movable mirrors across a document to provide a scan in an x direction. The mirrors move relative to one another across the document to provide a scan in a y direction and move at such a relative rate to maintain optical conjugates constant.

Abstract: A rotatable "Y" scan mirror for a flat field scanning system is provided whereby the mirror is shifted in opposite directions transverse to its pivotable axis and is simultaneously rotated in one direction during a scanning cycle. A pair of cams is mounted on a common rotatable shaft for rotation therewith. One of the cams actuates a link connected to a pivot pin on which the mirror rotates. The other cam actuates an arm which is connected to the mirror to rotate the same. The cams are so designed to cause shifting of the mirror to maintain a constant length optical path to the medium being scanned and to cause rotation of the mirror in such a manner that the rate of scanning across the medium will be constant.

Abstract: A method of producing a distorted artwork image printed on flat stock material which when deep drawn to the desired shape stretches the distorted artwork image to provide the desired artwork image on the finished article in which the original artwork can be an original picture or photograph on opaque material. The original artwork is formed into a closed cylinder with the artwork on the inner walls and photographed as reflected from the cylinder by a generally conically shaped mirror arranged co-axially with the cylinder so that a distorted artwork image can be produced which will extend over the whole area of the flat stock material to be subsequently deep drawn.

Abstract: An optical system for a duplicator machine comprising a table on which a pair of mirrors are mounted, the pair of mirrors jointly reflecting light from a document 180.degree. to a photosensitive surface. The table is supported for easy adjustment on a pair of eccentric cams mounted adjacent the ends thereof, the table being coupled to the cams by means of rotatable adjusting screws for establishing an initial level of the table.

Abstract: A surface exposure device for use in a copying apparatus essentially comprising a supporting surface for supporting thereon an original from which a duplicate is desired, a lens assembly, a first carriage having therein a reflective mirror and a second carriage having therein at least one reflective mirror. The first and second carriages are conjointly displaceable in the same direction while the first carriage and the support surface undergo relative motion in opposite directions with respect to each other. Copying material on which the image of the original is to be reproduced is transferred at a velocity substantially equal to the relative velocity of movement of the supporting surface and the first carriage, the second carriage being moved at a velocity substantially equal to one-half of the velocity of the first carriage.

Abstract: a recirculating feeder adapted to be coupled to a copier is set forth which employs a separator member that initially engages the top document sheet of a multi-sheet document in a tray and incrementally moves downwardly under the influence of gravity as individual document sheets are fed from the bottom of the multi-sheet document to the copier exposure platen and returned to the top of the multi-sheet document in the tray. After the sheet initially engaged by the separator member is fed, the separator member moves downwardly to be spaced from the tray and a motor control circuit is activated which energizes a motor. The energized motor drives the separator member towards return engagement with the top document sheet of the multi-sheet document in the tray.