Abstract: A master disk is positioned such that a radial portion thereof is within a restricted field having good imagery of an optical projection system. A second blank disk is positioned such that the image location extends along a radial portion thereof. As the two disks are rotated synchronously a pattern in an annular area is formed on the blank disk replicating the master. Good imagery of the pattern is obtained with a simple system having an image field less than the size of the object being reproduced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to various improvements in a scanning optical device having a pair of supporting members spaced from each other in a width-wise direction and an optical element assembly mounted reciprocably on the pair of supporting means. According to one aspect of the invention, the optical element assembly includes a supporting frame having optical elements mounted on it and support portions to be supported by the pair of supporting members, and at least one of the support portions is mounted on the supporting frame such that its position can be freely adjusted. According to another aspect of the invention, the optical element assembly is reciprocated by a front and a rear power transmission mechanism, and the front and rear power transmission mechanisms and a common driving source are disposed between a front and a rear upstanding base plate in which the pair of supporting members are provided.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for color correction while exposing a photosensitive material are disclosed. The material comprises a supportive substrate which is at least partially transmissive and has a layer of microcapsules on the surface thereof. The microcapsules contain a color precursor and a photohardenable or photosoftenable composition. The substrate is positioned on or near a reflective surface having greater reflectivity within a selected wavelength band. An exposure beam is directed onto the substrate, whereby at least a portion of the beam passes through the substrate to the reflective surface. Since the surface reflects a greater portion of the light within the selected band, color correction is achieved.

Abstract: A compact mechanical linkage apparatus is disclosed to drive an optical scanning device underneath and parallel to a stationary transparent platen of a reproduction machine. The scanning device includes a carriage having an optical lens assembly. The carriage is adapted to move relative to the machine frame and on guide means for guiding the carriage along a path of travel parallel to the platen whereby successive incremental regions of the document or other object on the platen are scanned and the incremental light image formed by the scanning means are directed to the image receiving member. The carriage is driven along its scanning length by a multiple link mechanism having an input link adapted for full revolution at a constant speed and a one of its links slidably connected to the carriage for imparting thereto a straight line motion at constant speed.

Abstract: An image recording apparatus which is arranged to project image rays from an image bearing medium onto a screen by the mirrors of a reader system and, as required, to record the image on an image recording medium by rotating a rotary mirror in a scanning manner. The apparatus includes a plurality of reflection mirrors for transmitting image rays reflected by the rotary mirror onto the image recording medium. The mirrors are disposed such that the optical axes of the image rays reflected from the rotary mirror to the final-stage mirror are located in one plane.

Abstract: A reader-printer has a first mirror rotatable to a first position in which it is capable of forming a reader optical path for projecting an image light onto a screen and a second position in which it is capable of forming a printer optical path for projecting the image light onto a photosensitive surface, a second mirror disposed in the reader optical path for disposed in the reader optical path for directing the light from the first mirror to the screen, a third mirror disposed in the printer optical path for directing the light from the first mirror to the photosensitive surface, a driving device for rotating the first mirror to the first position and the second position, and a detecting device disposed outside the reader optical path and the printer optical path for receiving the reflected light from the first mirror during the rotation of the first mirror and detecting the image density.

Abstract: An image scanning apparatus includes a focusing lens, a mirror for guiding light beams passing through the focusing lens onto a predetermined exposure position of a moving photosensitive drum, a moving unit for causing the mirror to move along a line intersecting a perpendicular bisector of a line segment connecting an imaginary focal plane of the focusing lens and the exposure position, and a rotating unit for changing an angle of the mirror upon movement of the mirror.

Abstract: A microfilm duplicating apparatus for duplicating images, recorded on a master film onto a photographic duplicate film, comprising a light source for illuminating any one of the images on the master film from rear, a single reflective mirror for reflecting a luminous flux, which has been emitted from the light source and passed through the master film while carrying the image to be duplicated, so as to travel towards the duplicate film, and an image forming lens assembly consisting of two facing lenses of equal focal length disposed on the path of travel of the luminous flux.

Abstract: A photographic printer of the type having a printing lens which is disposed between an image projecting unit including an illumination lamp and a negative carrier, and a photographic paper on which an image is printed, and is adapted to move up and down along the printing light path to vary the conjugate length of the printer in order to change printing magnification, the photographic printer including an image sensing unit comprising an image sensor, a reflection mirror for reflecting and deflecting the printing light toward the image sensor, a zoom lens for focusing the reflected and deflected printing light onto the image sensor. The image projecting unit and the image sensing unit are associated to move along the printing optical path as one body.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus having a feed section being positioned at the front of the apparatus, a sheet discharging section being positioned above the feed section and a work table being attached to the front of the apparatus in a position above the sheet discharging section. The work table has a rotatable portion which is positioned above the feed section, and which is formed with an opening for taking out the sheet discharged from the discharging section. A support member is provided between the discharging section and the opening for supporting image-transferered sheets. When the rotatable portion is opened upwardly, the work table does not hinder the sheet supplementing work of the operator for the feed section.

Abstract: A reader-printer apparatus is disclosed for displaying and printing microimages, such as microimages of computer data, from microfiche having a plurality of frames wherein the major axis of each frame is oriented transversely. The apparatus is adapted to print such microimages lengthwise onto a sheet of standard recording paper without the use of a prism to rotate the image. The microfiche is received into a carriage defining an object plane. The microimage may be selectively displayed on a viewing screen or alternatively recorded on standard paper. In the print mode, the image is scanned and consecutively projected onto a photoconductive drum which is rotatable about an axis generally parallel to the viewing plane.

Abstract: A casing in the form of a slender hollow structure has a slit-shaped entrance aperture defined in an upper cover thereof and a slit-shaped exit aperture defined in a lower cover thereof. The casing houses a covex roof-shaped mirror having a convex reflecting surface, a lens array, a concave roof-shaped mirror array having an array of convex reflecting surfaces, and a spacer interposed between the concave roof-shaped mirror array and the lens array to keep them spaced apart. The upper and lower covers of the casing are integrally formed with or securely coupled to the spacer. A light shield plate lies between the corner of the convex roof-shaped mirror and the lens array, and a reflecting plate is mounted on the upper cover of the casing for reflecting light from a light source to an object to be imaged. A sensor for detecting the amount of light emitted from the light source is also mounted on the casing.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus has a first body capable of containing a movable photosensitive member therein and having first optics for applying, in a first mode, image information light obtained in the first body to the photosensitive member and forming an image on the photosensitive member, and a second body connected to the first body and having second optics for directing, in a second mode, an image information light obtained in the second body to the first body and forming an image on the photosensitive member in the first body. The width of the image formation area with respect to a direction orthogonal to the direction of movement of the photosensitive member is smaller in the second mode than in the first mode.

Abstract: In a projecting, recording and copying apparatus for use in an electrophotographic system, a movable mirror of a narrow width capable of traveling in the direction of its width and swiveling about its longitudinal axis is used so as to reflect a portion of the light rays shone by an image-forming optical system, thereby forming an image on the photosensitive material provided on the surface of a drum. The light rays passing by the movable mirror are focused on a screen. Since the movable mirror is moved in a swiveling manner, it is possible to project an image onto the screen and at the same time to form the same on the photosensitive material by means of a single mirror.

Abstract: A flash exposure, full frame electrostatographic printing system is disclosed as having a document support drum and an optical arrangement for scanning a document for exposing the same to a moving photoreceptor belt. The optical arrangements for flash exposure and scanning have most of their respective parts in common. A mirror is incorporated into the optical arrangement for scanning and is movable into and out of the optical path thereof.

Abstract: An optical scanning system for projecting an image onto a moving surface comprises four reflecting surfaces, a first or scan reflecting surface to deflect an incident light ray into a first direction, second and third reflecting surfaces mutually at right angles which together reflect the ray from the first reflecting surface in a direction opposite to the first direction and displaced laterally therefrom, and a fourth or exit reflecting surface to receive the ray reflected from the third reflecting surface and to deflect it parallel to the incident ray onto the moving surface. The scan and exit reflecting surfaces are maintained at right angles to each other as they are translated in opposite directions during a full scan of the image.

Abstract: A copy board apparatus for copying information on a web-like writing board supported by rollers with an electrophotographic copier disposed adjacent one longitudinal end of the writing board. The apparatus has a first optical system for optically connecting the writing board and a photosensitive member of the copier, a second optical system for optically connecting an original on the copier and the photosensitive member, and change-over circuitry which permits switching between the two optical systems.

Abstract: An attachment for converting a moving platen copier into a fixed platen copier, wherein at least part of the moving platen is replaced by a housing (26) having a window scanned by a scanner unit (30) from which strip images, reflected from a document to be copied and which is located against the window, and relayed by reflector means (38, 40), a lens (44) and reflecting device (46) onto the photosensitive surface (22). The scanning unit and reflector means are connected to the drive from the original platen so as to be synchronously driven in a manner which maintains a constant optical path length (FIG. 2).

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an improvement in optical lithographic systems which includes in combination a ring field projection system and an optical condenser system for illuminating the ring field in the projection system, the condenser system being constructed and arranged to have lateral color of the right sign and magnitude to complement the radial variation in imagery with wavelength of the ring field projection system.

Abstract: An apparatus for scanning an original comprises a guide bar extending in the direction of scanning an original, and a first carriage and a second carriage are mounted on this guide bar so as to be slidable along the guide bar, respectively. A first movable mirror for reflecting an image of the original is supported on the first carriage and a second movable mirror for reflecting again the image of the original reflected by the first movable mirror is supported on the second carriage, respectively. A zoom lens whose conjugate length is always constant is installed between the second movable mirror and a fixed mirror. The second carriage extends long in the direction of extension of the guide bar, and pulleys are mounted on both ends thereof. A wire is set round the two pulleys, and both ends of the wire are hooked by holders fixed a base body, also being fixed to the first carriage. A timing belt is set round a rotary shaft of a motor and an idler, and a part of the timing belt is fixed to the first carriage.

Abstract: An improved drive for a scanning optical system in a photocopier is disclosed. The drive incorporates an adjustable capstan and precision tapes as well as cables. The precision tapes are used between the two carriages which mount the optics because precise control of length in this portion of the system is critical. Cables are used in the remainder of the drive where flexibility in all directions is important. There is also a single drive embodiment. Also disclosed is a method for proper alignment of the carriages after field replacement of a broken cable.

Abstract: An image projector is adapted to change the magnification of a projected image by moving a zoom lens with its focal length being changed, wherein the zoom lens is moved to and then stopped at a goal position from the initial position in the first direction. When it is desired to move the zoom lens to another goal position in the second direction opposite to the first direction as viewed from the initial position, the zoom lens is once moved to its reversal position beyond the second goal position and thereafter moved from the reversal position to the second goal position.

Abstract: A document scanning apparatus is disclosed which provides a scan and rescan motion to a scan carriage using only mechanical drive components. Motion of a rotating photoreceptor is transferred, via drive pulley components to a main drive shaft having, in a first embodiment, a pair of pulleys fixedly mounted at the ends. The pulleys drive cables which, in turn, drive the scan carriages of the disclosed system in a scan or rescan direction, dependent upon the drive pulley rotation. The drive pulley rotation is controlled by a movable hub assembly on a drive shaft and by a linkage mechanism which is periodically engaged by the scan carriage at a beginning or end of scan position. Mechanical engagement of the scan carriage with the linkage mechanism causes a reversal of the drive pulley rotation and hence a reversal of the scan carriage direction of travel. In a second embodiment, a rack and gear arrangement is used to drive the scan carriage.

Abstract: A microform reader-printer apparatus which includes a slide assembly having coupled thereto a view mirror moveable between a viewing and a non-viewing position, a print mirror moveable between a print and a non-print position, and a control system including a drive motor coupled to the slide assembly for causing the control system to selectively move the slide assembly into either a predetermined viewing or printing position, and when in the printing mode, the document page selected for reproduction is printed using an electrophotographic reproduction engine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a copying apparatus capable of changing the copying magnification, by moving and positioning optical members such as lens and mirror and changing the scanning speed of the scanning optical system, wherein the moving and positioning of optical members and the selecting of the scanning speed can be attained by a single motor.

Abstract: A device for controlling the width of a slot of a diaphragm of a microfilm-reading-and-copying apparatus in which an enlarged microimage is projected by two inclined mirrors mounted on a movable carriage and via the slot of the diaphragm on a copying cylinder. The diaphragm is formed by two flaps of which one is stationary and another one is movable between a closed position to close the slot and a plurality of open positions to adjust the width of the slot. The drive of the movable flap is provided with a rotatable cam which is coupled to the movable carriage.

Abstract: A photographic roller copying apparatus for processing films of different sizes includes a scanning device for determining a size of the film to be processed, an illuminating device, a film-supporting platform having at least one aperture adjustable to the size of the film to be processed by a pivotable plate provided on the illuminating device, and two projection systems interchangeably movable into a path of light from the illuminating device. One of the projection systems includes a pair of porroprisms for rotating the image of an original positioned in the image aperture by 90.degree..

Abstract: A photographic roller copying device for projecting of originals of different side lengths onto a band-shaped copying material with a band width corresponding to the desired copy size and originals arranged in a band form and having different formats located along and transverse to the longitudinal direction of the band, has a projecting objective with adjustable projecting scale allowing a copy size of both original formats, and a turning prism turnable between a first angular position which turns the image of the original by 90.degree. and a second angular position which turns the image of the original by 0.degree. or 180.degree..

Abstract: Disclosed is a reader-printer capable of being changed over between a reader mode in which the light image of an original is projected onto a screen and a printer mode in which the light image of the original is projected onto a photosensitive medium. The reader-printer has first optical means for forming a first optical path for projecting the light image onto the screen and second optical means for forming a second optical path for projecting the light image onto the photosensitive medium. The second optical means includes a first mirror and a second mirror. The first mirror is movable so that it is positioned outside the first optical path during the reader mode and is positioned in the first optical path during the printer mode. The second mirror is movable with the first mirror.

Abstract: An optical apparatus for an electrophotographic copying machine comprises a lens base unit, a mirror base unit, and a driving unit. The lens base unit and the mirror base unit are independently moved by driving a single shaft.

Abstract: An improved document scanning system is realized by using low mass mirrors as optical components. The mirrors consist of a pair of metal structures in honeycomb form sandwiched between a pair of glass skins. The mirrors have a greatly improved stiffness-to-mass ratio compared to conventional mirrors and provide relatively low mass in scan drive components, as well as improved system performance.

Abstract: The invention disclosed relates to a copying machine to which an automatic document feeder is attachable. A control apparatus therefor according to the present invention operates in the following control modes: When a document is placed on a document support table at the time a print key is depressed, a copying cycle is started without operating an automatic document feeder. When there is no document on the document support table and a document is set in the ADF, the ADF is operated to start a copying cycle in an ADF mode. When no document is placed on the document support table and no document is set in the ADF, no copying cycle is commenced.

Abstract: A photographic roller copier apparatus for photographing original copies having different side lengths onto a ribbon form copier material, the ribbon width corresponding to a desired copy size. The original copies have various formats and are provided in ribbon form, one format lying lengthwise in the ribbon direction and the other format perpendicular thereto. The apparatus consisting of a lens having an adjustable focal length so that from both formats of originals it is possible to make copies that are equal in size and that fill the width of the copier material ribbon, and that in the area of a picture gate the ribbon of originals is provided in a plane parallel to the lens axis. Between the picture gate end of the lens is provided a deflecting part which deflects the beams of light from the picture gate through 90.degree. into a lens. The picture gate with the ribbon of originals, the illuminating apparatus and corresponding film rollers is rotatable around the lens axis through 90.degree.

Abstract: A magnification changing device for use in a copying machine, capable of effecting a scale-up and-down magnification of a manuscript. The device has a first reflecting mirror system adapted to be moved at a constant speed and arranged to receive the optical image from an object, and a second reflecting mirror system adapted to receive the light reflected by the first reflecting mirror system and to move in the same direction as the first reflecting mirror system at a speed which is a half that of the movement of the first reflecting mirror system.

Abstract: A magnification varying device for a copying machine in which a variable magnification zoom lens is arranged between an original surface and a photosensitive surface and the copying magnification is varied by moving the movable lens groups, both with respect to the original and photosensitive surfaces and also with respect to one another. One of the movable lens groups is fixed to a slide plate which is movably supported to be slidable in a direction parallel to the optical axis of the zoom lens. The other lens group is slidable on the slide plate relative to the first lens group. A cam plate having a cam surface is arranged along the line of movement of the slide plate. A cam lever is pivotally mounted on the slide plate and has one arm acting as a cam follower engaged with the cam surface and the other end engaged with a pin coupling it to the second lens group.

Abstract: A variable magnification electrostatic copying apparatus comprising a transparent plate on which to place a document to be copied, an optical system for projecting the image of the document onto an electrostatographic photosensitive member at any desired projecting ratio selected from a plurality of projecting ratios in an exposure zone located along the moving path of the photosensitive member, and a driving means for moving at least a part of the optical system and the transparent plate relative to each other. The optical system includes at least one position-variable optical element assembly adapted to be held at any of a plurality of positions corresponding to the aforesaid plurality of projecting ratios. The variable magnification electrostatic copying apparatus includes a unique improved means for varying the projecting ratio of the optical system by moving the position-variable optical element assembly.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus provided with a first projection optical system for forming an intermediate image of a desired final image, a second projection optical system for slit scanning the intermediate image to reconstruct the intermediate image, by off-axis imaging, on a light-receiving member, and optical device for co-ordinating the directions of the principal rays from the intermediate image in a slit scanning sectional plane with that of principal rays of the second projection optical system.

Abstract: A copying machine has at least one metal surface of high reflectance provided with a dielectric multilayer film vapor deposited thereon. The dielectric film has a wavelength selectivity and serves to match the wavelength characteristics of the light source used in the copying machine to the sensitivity characteristics of the photosensitive medium used in the same copying machine. Thus, in the copying machine, the spectral sensitivity characteristics get adjusted to the optimum by the particular effect of the metal reflective surface or by a synergistic effect of two or more such reflective metal surface.

Abstract: An apparatus for transmitting pictures from a screen to pre-determined panels on a film sheet has a film sheet, a screen, two 45.degree. mirrors which are disposed in a ray path between the screen and the film sheet, a lens system which is disposed in the ray path, the optical axis of which is parallel to the film sheet, a moving device along one of the edges of the film sheet for moving the film sheet in an image plane of the film sheet, and additional moving devices for moving the screen, the 45.degree. mirrors and the lens system. The screen is parallel to the image plane of the film sheet. A base is provided which is parallel to the film sheet. A swivel flange is provided coaxial with the central axis of the screen which can be swivelled about the base through at least 180.degree. and which is optically open towards the screen. An extension housing is carried on the base, in which the 45.degree.

Abstract: A photomicrographic camera system is provided in which a mirror (26) is utilized to deflect the light beam emanating from the eyepiece (20) of a properly illuminated, compound optical microscope (10) horizontally outward to another mirror (30) which then deflects the beam vertically downward to a film holder (36) containing a sensitized photographic film or paper material. An appropriate housing (24, 28, 32) confines the optical path and protects the film from stray light, while at the same time providing structural support for the mirrors (26, 60, 30) and auxiliary photographic components, such as baffles (57), shutter (48), filters (46), polarizers (52) and analyzers, light meter (69), etc. The film or paper holder (36) lies flat, and is supported by the same base that is used to support the microscope. Because the projection distance is quite long for such a compact device, very large format images (e.g. 20".times.

Abstract: A variable magnification copying apparatus for obtaining a copy changed in size from an original pattern comprises an optical system having an optical axis, a movable carrier on which the optical system is mounted so as to be movable with the carrier and a D.C. motor mounted on the carrier. The carrier is reciprocable relative to a chassis of the copying apparatus in the direction of the optical axis between at least first and second position. The D.C. motor drives the carrier in a self-propelled manner relative to the chassis in the direction of the optical axis between at least first and second positions to thereby move the optical system between at least corresponding first and second positions to enable respective different sizes of the original pattern to be made at the corresponding first and second positions of the optical system.

Abstract: A stationary light source electrophotographic copier wherein collimated light from the source is directed to a scanner having upper and lower document illuminating reflectors comprising thin members of negligible mass maintained under tension. The lower reflector includes a plurality of generally horizontal slats disposed in a generally vertical array. Heat from the stationary light source is used to dry or fix copies.

Abstract: A copying apparatus of the moving document type capable of copying an optical image projected from an option or accessory device. The copying apparatus comprises an additional optical path adjacently provided to an optical path of the fixed optical system of the copying apparatus, and a shutter mechanism for opening and closing the additional optical path. The shutter mechanism is opened when the option device is added to the copying apparatus, thereby to directly project on the photosensitive member through the additional optical path an optical image formed by the option device.

Abstract: A desk-top camera/processor-reader apparatus for electrophotographic film includes a primary optical system of three fixed mirrors (24, 26, 28), and a pivotable mirror assembly (36) for defining optical paths between a copyboard station (12) and the microfilm (30) as well as between the microfilm (30) and a rear-projection screen (18). The pivotable mirror assembly (36) is movable between two extreme positions, the first position (36') being the camera/photographing mode, and the second position (36") being the reader/viewing mode. Camera/photographing and reader-projection lamps (42, 56) are provided for alternative energization and illumination of the copyboard station original documents and the microfilm (30).

Abstract: A variable magnification optical apparatus for projecting an image at a first plane onto a second plane includes an optical system for forming an image of the first plane on the second plane, a first mirror disposed between the image-forming optical system and the first plane and a second mirror disposed between the image-forming optical system and the second plane. When the magnification is changed, the first mirror is rotated by a determined angle of .theta. and the second mirror is moved in a determined direction while rotating also by the same angle .theta.. The image-forming optical system is moved in the direction along its optical axis and is rotated by an angle two times larger than the rotation angle .theta. of the first mirror at the same time.

Abstract: A copy machine for producing both acceptable direct image copies and acceptable reverse image copies in a single machine from the same original object, comprises two independently contained, optical element assemblies mounted side by side and movable selectively into and out of a coping position, and strategically placed light baffling and light blocking devices, all of which combine to overcome the prior art problems of poor focus, poor clarity and poor light distribution.

Abstract: In the optical system of an electrophotographic copying apparatus embodying movable mirrors, it is of the utmost importance that these mirrors be properly aligned relatively to one another. In the present invention, two of the mirrors mounted at right angles to one another on a slidable frame which moves at half the speed of another movable mirror, are mounted on that frame for slight pivotal movement. This pivotal movement is controllable to provide adjustment of errors in the optical system and when adjustment is completed the mirrors are fixed in place.

Abstract: An electrophotographic copying machine capable of making a two-dimensional copy either from a two-dimensional or three-dimensional object is provided. In accordance with the present invention, if a three-dimensional object has portions which cannot be brought into contact with the top surface of the contact glass plate of the copying machine, adjusting means adjusts the focal distance to the location of such non-contact portions. The adjusting means may be any element of the optical system which is constructed to be shiftable to change the focal distance to a point of interest above the contact glass plate. Alternatively, the adjusting means may include a new element additional to the optical system.

Abstract: A variable magnification copying apparatus which includes a first shaft having thereon a plurality of gears different in diameter, a second shaft having thereon a plurality of gears different in diameter, the gears of smaller diameters on the second shaft corresponding to the gears of larger diameters on the first shaft, a cam shaft having thereon a plurality of cams corresponding to the pairs of gears on the first and second shafts, a lever biased so as to bear against each of the cams, and a relay gear rotatably supported on each of the levers, and in which the movement of the levers is controlled by intermittent rotation of the cam shaft, the gears on the first shaft are operatively associated with the gears on the second shaft through the relay gears on the controlled levers, and the number of relative rotations of the first and second shafts is varied by the gear ratio of the operatively associated gears, whereby the ratio of the original scanning velocity to the velocity of a photosensitive medium is ch

Abstract: An optical apparatus for scanning an original in a copying machine or the like is disclosed. In the apparatus, a scanning mirror for scanning the original and a stationary mirror for reflecting an image of the original from the scanning mirror in a direction nearly normal to the scanned surface constitute a first optical path. The stationary mirror and a lens for receiving the reflected light from the stationary mirror and focusing the original image on a photosensitive element constitute a second optical path. During scanning of the original by the scanning mirror, the distance between the scanning mirror and the lens and the distance between the lens and the photosensitive element are kept constant.