Abstract: The invention provides methods and systems for micro-machined tunable delay lines. Particularly, the micro-machined tunable delay lines of the present invention utilize adjustable micro-machined micro-mirrors to alter the path length traversed by an optical signal.

Abstract: An optical device for rerouting and modifying an optical signal that is capable of operating as a dynamic gain equalizer (DGE) and/or a configurable optical add/drop multiplexer (COADM) is disclosed. The optical design includes a front-end unit for providing a collimated beam of light, an element having optical power for providing collimating/focusing effects, a diffraction element for providing spatial dispersion, and modifying means which in a preferred embodiment includes one of a MEMS array and a liquid crystal array for reflecting and modifying at least a portion of a beam of light. The modifying means functions as an attenuator when the optical device operates as a DGE and as a switching array when the optical device operates as a COADM.

Abstract: A multi-stage polarization transformer is described that includes a first polarization transformer stage that receives an optical signal at an input and that generates a first transformed optical signal at an output. The first transformed optical signal has a polarization state within a first predetermined range. A second polarization transformer stage receives the first transformed optical signal at an input and generates a second transformed optical signal at an output. The second transformed optical signal has a polarization state within a second predetermined range. The second predetermined range is less than the first predetermined range.

Abstract: An optical intensity modulator for high-speed RZ and NRZ data modulation based on a balanced three-arm Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The three arms are joined at the input and output sides of the device by three-way couplers. The input coupler is structured to couple approximately equal powers into the first and third arms and no more than 50% power into the second arm. In the straight sections of the arms, there is arranged an AC electrode structure for applying an RF modulation signal and a DC electrode structure for biasing the device at a working point. The AC electrode structure is arranged so that an applied modulation signal induces a negative phase shift (−&Dgr;&PHgr;) in the first arm in relation to the second arm and a positive phase shift (+&Dgr;&PHgr;) in the third arm in relation to the second arm. Large notch widths of up to 12 times the notch width of a conventional two-arm Mach-Zehnder modulator are achievable.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and apparatus for providing endless transformation of the polarization of light. A polarization splitter splits light having an input polarization into beams having substantially orthogonal polarizations. The beams are provided as substantially copolarized to a pair of optical waveguides which are selectively optically coupled. Electrodes apply selected electric fields to the optical waveguides for providing transformation of the input polarization to a selected output polarization. The outputs of the optical waveguides are provided as substantially orthogonally polarized to a combiner for providing a beam of output light having the selected output polarization.

Abstract: To reduce inconsistencies in an image to be displayed in a projector. At least one of a polarizer on the side of a light incident surface and a polarizer on the side of a light emitting surface is bonded on a sapphire glass plate. The sapphire glass plate may preferably be formed of single-crystal sapphire. In addition, the sapphire glass plate may preferably be held by a holding frame made of metal. The sapphire glass plate and the holding frame made of metal may preferably be bonded by an adhesive agent having superior heat conductivity.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for filtering an optical input is disclosed. In an illustrative embodiment, an optical input is split into polarization components along separate paths. The polarization components are then fed into a first electro-optic device that includes a set of electrodes across which a voltage is applied to adjust a wavelength transmission characteristic of the device. A section of the first device positioned between the electrodes preferably has a birefringence that is adjusted depending on the voltage applied across the electrodes. The adjusted components of the optical input are thereafter combined to produce an optical output. Accordingly, the optical input can be attenuated based on the voltage applied to electrodes of the first electro-optic device.

Abstract: A optical phased array device for optical beams with general polarization. A reflective embodiment of the inventive optical phased array interposes a quarter-wave plate between a linearly polarized liquid crystal layer and a mirror. A controllable voltage applied across the liquid crystal layer causes a first linearly polarized component of an incident optical beam to be phase shifted when it passes through the liquid crystal layer. The polarization of the optical beam is rotated by 90° when it travels through the quarter-wave plate, is reflected from the mirror, and travels back through the quarter-wave plate. The second linearly polarized component of the optical beam, orthogonal to the first, is phase shifted when it passes back through the liquid crystal layer. A transmissive embodiment of the inventive optical array interposes a half-wave plate between two linearly polarized liquid crystal layers.

Abstract: The present invention uses quantum interference of one and two photon absorption from a multiple color fields to optically inject ballistic spin currents in unbiased photoconductors. The spin currents can be generated with and without an accompanying electrical current and can be controlled using the relative phase of the colors. In one aspect of the there is provided a method of generating spin currents in a photoconductor material comprising producing a first coherent light beam having a first frequency &ohgr;1 and a second coherent light beam having a frequency twice the first frequency 2&ohgr;1, polarizing the first and second coherent light beams to have a preselected polarization with respect to each other, and simultaneously irradiating a selected region of the photoconductor material with the first coherent light beam and the second coherent light beam to generate a spin current in the photoconductor.

Abstract: component. 43.

Abstract: The present invention includes a polarization independent optical interconnect device for selectively interconnecting a plurality of optical signals between a plurality of inputs and a plurality of outputs. The present invention may provide advantages typically associated with conventional polarization based switches, including terabit per second data rates and high speed switching, to facilitate use in fiber optic networks. Moreover, the switch of this invention is polarization independent, and therefore, may route either polarized or unpolarized light. Since both the input and output light may be unpolarized, the switch of this invention may have a high light efficiency (i.e. no losses associated with an input polarizer) and minimal insertion losses as compared to typical polarization based switches.

Abstract: An optical modulation device which can facilitate a reduction in size of a device and prevent overheating of the optical modulation device, and a projection display device utilizing the optical modulation device are provided. In the optical modulation device, sapphire glasses are affixed to the light-incident side and the light-emitting side surfaces of liquid crystal panels which respectively modulates light of three colors of red, green, and blue emitted from a light source according to image information. Therefore, heat generated on optical modulation devices can be discharged, so that overheating of the optical modulation devices can be prevented, and a reduction in size can be achieved. In addition, since the sapphire glass is difficult to scratch, it becomes easy-to-handle, thereby facilitating the management of the optical modulation devices.

Abstract: An optical path switch and a method of using thereof, for creating two optical pathways for input light. The switch is composed of two polarizers that polarize the input light and two polarization rotators each having two positions. The polarization rotators position translate to one of two the optical pathways. Additionally, the optical path switch has an image enhancement device for producing an enhanced image of the light, and a beam splitter that directs the light to two channels. The optical path switch works by polarizing the light by one of the two polarizers producing an output, following, the output is then directed through the beam splitter where the output is directed towards the two channels. Next, the output is then filtered through the two polarization rotators and to the other of the two channels where the positions of the two polarization rotators switch the optical pathways.

Abstract: Methods and systems for controlling the state of polarization of an optical beam using micro-machined devices are provided. By cascading a number of simple polarization state rotators integrated on a number of silicon substrates, the state of polarization of an optical beam can be effectively manipulated to any point on the Poincaré sphere.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved switchable interleaved channel separator device. The switchable interleaved channel separator device utilizes a reflective interferometer and one single-segment switchable polarization rotator. The reflective interferometer causes signal light paths to be reflected back upon one another so as to realize an overall reduction in size. This path reflection also enables the capability of providing optical couplings predominantly or wholly at a single side or at adjacent sides of the device.

Abstract: This relates to an electro-modulating device (10) for modulating light from a light source, as part of an opto-electronic communication network. The electro-modulating device (10) has a modulating medium (16) for modulating light passing therethrough by varying an electric field applied across the modulating medium (16), an optical input-output surface (21), a light reflector (28), and electrodes (15, 17) for applying the varying electric field across the modulating medium (16). The input-output surface (21), the medium (16) and the reflector (28) are arranged so that light enters the medium (16) through the input-output surface (21), travels through the medium (16) towards the reflector (28), is reflected by the reflector (28) to travel back through the medium (16) towards the input-output surface (21), and exits the medium (16) through the input-output surface (21).

Abstract: A system (10) for rotating a polarization state of a beam of electromagnetic energy (22) of the present invention. The system (10) includes a first mechanism (16) for receiving the beam of electromagnetic energy (22). The beam of electromagnetic energy (22) is characterized by a first arbitrary polarization state oriented at a first angle. A second mechanism (16, 18, 20) orients the first arbitrary polarization state, via one or more waveplates (16, 18, 20), at a second angle that is different from the first angle. In a specific embodiment, the one or more waveplates (16, 18, 20) include a first quarter waveplate (16) having a principal axis (26) angled at 45° from horizontal relative to a given reference frame. A second quarter waveplate (20) is angled at −45°.

Abstract: Transflective display device having a transflector (10) which is switchable between a transparent state and a mirror-like state. Preferably, a metal hydride optical switch is used as the transflector.

Abstract: A light beam polarization converter for converting non-polarized light beams of an illumination source having a plurality of polarization states into a single polarization state is disclosed. The light beams from the bottom converged by the lower surface of the under plate and further parallelized by the upper surface thereof enter the converter. After a series of optical processes of polarization splitting, reflection or total reflection, and phase retardation within the converter, the light beams will pass through the converter as light beams of a single polarization state.

Abstract: The inventive filter forms a four filtering stage device from two filtering stages and a reflective stage. This greatly reduces the noise level in a WDM signal, wherein the signal is one of the odd channels and the even channels, while the noise is present on the other of the odd channels and the even channels. The first stage separates the WDM signal and noise into their polarization components, rotates the components of one of the signal and the noise, and recombines the components of the signal, while blocking a portion of the noise. This output is passed to the second stage which repeats the operation of the first stage. The output of the second stage is then reflected by the reflecting stage back to the second stage, and subsequently the first stage, for processing in reverse order. The inventive filter, via the mirror in the reflecting stage, reduce dispersion of the light during processing.

Abstract: The invention relates to a transversal electrooptical modulator (10) which can be controlled by means of an electric amplifier, comprising at least two elements for modulating (11) the light wave of a laser beam, and can preferably be used for projection of TV images. The invention is characterized in that the modulator elements are arranged behind each other in relation to the laser beam, that a focusing device (14) is arranged both in front of and behind each modulator element, that an electric amplifier output (22, 23) is associated with each modulator element and that all electric amplifier (A) inputs (24, 25) are connected to the same control line (26) as the control signal.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polarization separation element comprising a first array of prisms having a wedge-shaped cross-section, and a second array of prisms also having a wedge-shaped cross section. One of the prism arrays is an array of birefringent prisms.

Abstract: An optical modulation system for externally modulating two independent optical signals with first, second, third and fourth electrical input signals with two modulators. The system includes a first modulator with a first electrode receiving the first electrical input signal, a second electrode receiving the second electrical input signal, a first optical signal path co-propagating the first optical input signal with the first electrical signal and counter-propagating the second optical input signal to generate a first modulated optical signal, and a second optical signal path co-propagating the second optical input signal with the second electrical input signal and counter-propagating the first optical input signal to generate a second modulated optical signal.

Abstract: An electro-optical device is provided having a structure which, in particular, allows the device to be made smaller and thinner, and the heat-dissipation capability to be increased in order to prevent overheating. A positioning section which accommodates an opposing substrate, and which contacts an edge of an element substrate is provided in a case member accommodating an electro-optical panel which consists of the opposing substrate and the element substrate.

Abstract: A polarization mode dispersion generator for generating polarization mode dispersion (“PMD”) spectra is provided. The generator includes a plurality of birefringent stages, each stage including a differential group delay (“DGD”) element and a phase-shifting element. The generator is capable of inducing an amount of polarization mode-mixing between at least one adjacent pair of stages. The shape of a PMD spectrum can be preserved while frequency shifting the spectrum in either direction. Alternatively, the shape of the PMD spectrum can be changed without frequency shifting.

Abstract: A solid state device used to modulate the intensity of reflected or transmitted light by modulating with an external voltage the optical thickness of a thin film ferroelectric placed in an etalon cavity is disclosed. The device is constructed by selecting a generally planar supporting substrate, preferably silicon or sapphire in order to be compatible with silicon integrated circuits. A dielectric stack consisting of alternating layers of different index of refraction materials, also specifically selected to be compatible with later growth of the thin film ferroelectric, is deposited thereon to form a partially reflective and partially transmitting mirror, followed by a transparent electrically conductive layer. The thin film ferroelectric is deposited on the conductive layer, followed by a second transparent conductive layer and a second dielectric stack. Leads are connected to the conductive layers and in turn to a voltage generator.

Abstract: Multi-domain, phase-compensated, differential-coherence detection of photonic signals for interferometric processes and devices may be manufactured holographically and developed in situ or with an automatic registration between holograms and photonic sources in a single frame. Photonic or electronic post processing may include outputs from a cycling or rotation between differently phased complementary outputs of constructive and destructive interference. A hyper-selective, direct-conversion, expanded-bandpass filter may rely on an expanded bandpass for ease of filtering, with no dead zones for zero beat frequency cases. A hyper-heterodyning, expanded bandpass system may also provide improved filtering and signal-to-noise ratios. An ultra-high-resolution, broadband spectrum analyzer may operate in multiple domains, including complex “fingerprints” of phase, frequency, and other parameters.

Abstract: A polarization scrambler includes a Faraday element in which the thickness of a direction vertical to an optical axis changes continuously, and a magnetic field generator for generating a magnetic field in a direction of the optical axis with respect to the Faraday element.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of positioning an electrical control signal (S1, S1bis) for an electro-optical modulator (5) relative to the characteristic (VA, VB) of the modulator (5), in which method a disturbing signal (S2, S2bis) is superposed on the control signal (S1, S1bis) and the position of the control signal (S1, S1bis) is adjusted as a function of the value of a component in the output signal of the modulator (5) corresponding to the applied disturbance (S2, S2bis), in which method the disturbance (S2, S2bis) is superposed on the control signal (S1, S1bis) when the control signal takes a value (VA) that ought to correspond to a minimum slope point (A) of the characteristic, and the positioning of the control signal (S1, S1bis) is adjusted in such a manner as to minimize the amplitude of the disturbance as output due to said disturbance of the control signal (S1, S1bis), the method being characterized in that the characteristic of the modulator (5) includes a second minimum slope point (B) corresp

Abstract: An optical modulation device which can facilitate a reduction in size of a device and prevent overheating of the optical modulation device, and a projection display device utilizing the optical modulation device are provided. In the optical modulation device, sapphire glasses are affixed to the light-incident side and the light-emitting side surfaces of liquid crystal panels which respectively modulates light of three colors of red, green, and blue emitted from a light source according to image information. Therefore, heat generated on optical modulation devices can be discharged, so that overheating of the optical modulation devices can be prevented, and a reduction in size can be achieved. In addition, since the sapphire glass is difficult to scratch, it becomes easy-to-handle, thereby facilitating the management of the optical modulation devices.

Abstract: An opto-mechanical device is constituted by an optically responsive actuating member in which a mechanical strain occurs in response to changes in its illumination. The actuating member is preferably at least partly formed from a semiconducting glassy matrix such as a chalcogenide glass. Preferably the opto-mechanical device illuminates the actuating member with light which is preferably plane polarized. Preferably it also varies the polarization angle of the plane polarized light to cause a change in the strain generated in the actuating member.

Abstract: A low dispersion comb filter or interleaver comprises a first birefringent element assembly having at least one birefringent element and a second birefringent element assembly having at least one other birefringent element. The first birefringent element assembly and the second birefringent element assembly are configured so as to cooperate with one another in a manner which mitigates dispersion of the interleaver. By aligning the polarization directions of the odd channels and the even channels so as to be parallel with respect to one another prior to entering the second birefringent element assembly, zero or nearly zero dispersion is obtained simultaneously for both the odd and even channels.

Abstract: An optical device having a first input for at least one input optical signal having a random state of polarization and a first optical element capable of dividing, in space, the input optical signal into a pair of optical signals which are substantially parallel and have a predetermined state of polarization perpendicular to each another. The optical device also having a first crystal element for propagation, in free space, of at least the pair of optical signals coming from the first optical element, and the first crystal element being devoid of internal separation planes, and having electro-optical properties and being associated with electrodes so as to apply a voltage in a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction of propagation, along the first crystal element, of the at least one pair of optical signals.

Abstract: An optical modulation device which can facilitate a reduction in size of a device and prevent overheating of the optical modulation device, and a projection display device utilizing the optical modulation device are provided. In the optical modulation device, sapphire glasses are affixed to the light-incident side and the light-emitting side surfaces of liquid crystal panels which respectively modulates light of three colors of red, green, and blue emitted from a light source according to image information. Therefore, heat generated on optical modulation devices can be discharged, so that overheating of the optical modulation devices can be prevented, and a reduction in size can be achieved. In addition, since the sapphire glass is difficult to scratch, it becomes easy-to-handle, thereby facilitating the management of the optical modulation devices.

Abstract: An optical modulation device which can facilitate a reduction in size of a device and prevent overheating of the optical modulation device, and a projection display device utilizing the optical modulation device are provided. In the optical modulation device, sapphire glasses are affixed to the light-incident side and the light-emitting side surfaces of liquid crystal panels which respectively modulates light of three colors of red, green, and blue emitted from a light source according to image information. Therefore, heat generated on optical modulation devices can be discharged, so that overheating of the optical modulation devices can be prevented, and a reduction in size can be achieved. In addition, since the sapphire glass is difficult to scratch, it becomes easy-to-handle, thereby facilitating the management of the optical modulation devices.

Abstract: An optical frequency converter using reciprocating modulation includes a device that, taking n as a predetermined integer of 1 or more, modulates light of a predeternined frequency to produce an nth order sideband group thereof, a device that modulates the nth order sideband group to produce an (n+1)th order sideband group, and a device that selects a specific sideband from a plurality of sideband groups.

Abstract: In an optical voltage sensor which comprises a sensor part having a polarizer 1, a crystal &lgr;/4 plate 2, a LiNbO3 crystal 3, and an analyzer 4, a light emission part 10 emitting a light beam to the sensor part through an optical fiber, and a light reception part 12 for receiving the light beam having passed the sensor part through another optical fiber, the optical fiber used therein is a type having a core diameter allowing the beam to satisfy a range of 0.8 to 1.4° for a beam edge angle of the beam on the LiNbO3 crystal. Alternatively, another type of optical fiber may be used in the light reception part 12, having a core diameter or NA which allows the light reception part 12 to selectively receive only partial beams satisfying the range of 0.8 to 1.4° for the beam edge angle of the beam on the LiNbO3 crystal. With such structure, the optical voltage sensor can have improved temperature dependence and can be manufactured with ease and low cost.

Abstract: The invention specifies a method and apparatus for optical polarization control which enable non-ideal component behavior to be corrected by means of a calibration table. This ensures shorter constructional length, lower operating voltages or higher level functions (ER instead of GSBA).

Abstract: Methods and devices are provided for quickly producing all possible linear polarization states of light at the output of a length of optical fiber. Linearly polarized light is input and is transmitted through a fiber. Due to the birefringence of the fiber, light at the output of the fiber is elliptically polarized irrespective of the input polarization. The elliptically polarized states of light at the output are generated as an arbitrary circle on an output Poincare sphere. This arbitrary circle is then manipulated to produce a final circle substantially coinciding with the equator of the Poincare sphere. This final circle represents all possible linear polarization states at the output of the fiber. The invention eliminates the need for determining transformation matrices and performing point-by-point calculations in order to obtain input polarization settings for polarization-based, passive optical network (“PON”) testing.

Abstract: The invention pertains to technological apparatus' for production of polarizers, obtained from lyotropic liquid crystals (LLC) based on organic compounds, in particular, dyes. The technological production line for polarizer formation comprises at least one system of formation of polarizer films from LLC of at least one organic compound, at least one system of local removal of the polarizer film material obtained from LLC of at least one organic compound, at least one substrate holder and at least one means of relative movement. Also introduced, an apparatus for formation of polarizer films from LLC of at least one organic compound and a system of localized removal of polarizer films obtained from LLC of at least one organic compound.

Abstract: A device and a method is proposed for writing on imaging material (3) with a radiation source (1) producing an electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength suitable for recording image information on the imaging material (3). The radiation produced by the radiation source (1) can be modulated with a waveguide which is integrated in a substrate material (49) and operates as a modulator (2). A modulation signal containing the image information can be received at an input (9) of the modulator (2). According to the invention, a compensator (6, 12) compensates a modulation error which occurs during modulation of the radiation.

Abstract: A reciprocating optical modulation system includes a device that modulates light of a predetermined frequency by an integer multiple n to produce a group of nth order sidebands thereof; a device that modulates the nth order sidebands to produce (n+1)th order sidebands; and a device that selects at least part of the (n+1)th order sidebands.

Abstract: An apparatus which attenuates a light signal polarized in a first direction. The apparatus includes a polarization rotation unit and an output unit. The polarization rotation unit rotates the polarization of the light signal to produce a polarization rotated light signal having a polarization component in the first direction and a polarization component in a second direction which is substantially 90 degrees with respect to the first direction. The output unit passes, as an output signal, the polarization component in the second direction of the polarization rotated light signal and blocks the polarization component in the first direction. The polarization rotation unit includes an electromagnet and a permanent magnet which apply magnetic fields in specific directions with respect to the light path. Various yoke constructions are provided for the electromagnet and the permanent magnet.

Abstract: Method and apparatus are contemplated for electrical-to-optical conversion coupled to an electrical switching fabric, wherein the number of lasers supplying optical carrier beams in electrical-to-optical conversion is less than the number of optical modulators. Cost savings for a reduced number of lasers may be considerable. Further, the shared laser bank supplying optical carrier beams may comprise shared control and monitoring electronics, resulting in a further cost savings. The shared laser bank may comprise at least one redundant laser. Optical modulators may be grouped into modules for ease of replacement and further cost savings. Optical signal conditioning may be applied to the lasers, and the conditioned beams may be shared among the modulators. Soliton pulses may be generated at a desired data rate, distributed to form a plurality of distributed pulse trains, and each pulse stream may be modulated with information from the same or different information channels.

Abstract: In an arrangement and a method for electrically controlling the intensity of non-polarized light, a polarizing beam splitter is acted upon by the light to be controlled via an input face such that the light is split into two polarized light bundles that are orthogonal with respect to each other. Provision is made that a first reflecting device is configured for the reflection of at least one of the polarized light bundles, so that both polarized light bundles run in parallel. At least one electro-optical element is provided in a path of the parallel running polarized light bundles. The polarization is changed as a function of the supplied control voltage. Also provided is a second reflecting device for reflecting the light bundles in the opposite direction.

Abstract: An optical device including a substrate, a distributed feedback (DFB) semiconductor laser formed on the substrate and including a diffraction grating having an asymmetrical &lgr;/4 phase shift region, the diffraction grating extending along an optical axis of the DFB semiconductor laser, and a field absorbing modulator integrated with the DFB semiconductor laser on the substrate for modulating a light wave emitted from the DFB semiconductor laser, the optical modulator having a facet reflection rate between 0.01 and 0.02% at an output end thereof, the difraction grating having a □L value between 1 and 1.2 The proper combinations of the □L value of the diffraction grating and the reflection rate of the output facet of the modulator of the DFB semiconductor laser can fabricate the source for integrating the modulator having the excellent quality with a higher yield and lower cost.

Abstract: For characterizing polarization transformers or PMD compensators, a polarization transformer to be characterized is operated as a mode converter with full mode conversion and variable orientation. A polarization control sees to it that a further polarization transformer assures the desired, overall polarization transformation. Conclusions about the precision with which the polarization transformer to be characterized works can be drawn from the nature and strength or, too, from the absence of changes of control signals of this further polarization transformer, and this can be improved. The method is particularly suited for the automatic follow-up of DC drift in polarization transformers or PMD compensators with lithium niobate components.

Abstract: A switch device and method is disclosed that is capable of switching wavelength division multiplexed optical signals. The device comprises a switch element that may include a beam splitter, a plurality of wave plates, and a plurality of micro-electromechanical mirrors. The beam splitter is adapted to transmit light in one polarization and reflect light another polarization. The wave plates are adapted to change the polarization of the light so that the beam splitter either reflects or transmits the light. The micro-electromechanical mirrors are adapted to position the beam of light so that it is directed to a selected target.

Abstract: In a device for the deflection of a light bundle generated by a light source, wherein this device has a nonmechanical deflection device in which the light bundle enters and exits at a different angle determined by a controlling variable, which angle depends on the wavelength of every light component in the light bundle, it is provided that an optically dispersively active system is provided behind the nonmechanical deflection device in the light propagation direction, wherein the angular dispersion of this system is dependent on the angle of the light bundle entering the system, wherein the angular dispersion compensates for the wavelength dependence of the angle of the nonmechanical deflection device determined by the controlling variable.

Abstract: The present invention includes optical interconnection devices and optical interconnection systems. The invention also includes machines and instruments using those aspects of the invention. The invention may also be used to upgrade, repair, or retrofit existing machines or instruments, using methods and components known in the art. An optical interconnection device of the present invention utilizes a multiple-pass optical cell. This approach differs from previous approaches in that spatial light modulators are used in a White cell device or other multiple-pass optical configuration. In a spatial light modulator, each individual element typically only has two or three variations used to direct the light. Therefore, precise calibration is not needed. The light simply needs to be directed towards the appropriate arm of the optical cell, which utilizes a self-correcting mirror in order to direct a light stream to the next desired location in the system.