Abstract: There is disclosed an electrochromic passive-matrix display, wherein each passively addressed pixel cell comprises an electrolyte ionically connecting an electrochromic and electrochemically active polymer and a layer of electrically conducting carbon. Thus, each pixel has a pronounced threshold voltage sufficient for reducing cross talk in an electrochromic display.

Abstract: A rearview mirror assembly for a vehicle includes a mirror casing and a mirror reflective element disposed at the mirror casing. The mirror reflective element includes at least a first glass substrate having a front surface and a rear surface. When the rearview mirror assembly is normally mounted in a vehicle, the front surface is closer than the rear surface to a driver that is normally operating the vehicle. The first glass substrate has a flat central region and a rounded perimeter edge, and the rounded perimeter is exposed to and is viewable by the driver of the vehicle. With the mirror reflective element disposed at the mirror casing, no portion of the mirror casing encompasses the rounded perimeter edge. The rounded perimeter edge has a glare-reducing surface finish.

Abstract: A vehicular rearview assembly with a mirror element having a curved or rounded edge on the first surface that is fully observable from the front of the assembly, a complex peripheral ring, and a user interface with switches and sensors that activate and configure pre-defined function(s) or device(s) of the assembly in response to the user input applied to the user interface. The mirror element is supported by a hybrid carrier co-molded of at least two materials, a portion of which is compressible between the housing shell and an edge of the mirror element. The peripheral ring may include multiple bands. Electrical communications between the electronic circuitry, the mirror element, and the user interface utilize connectors configured to exert a low contact force, onto the mirror element, limited in part by the strength of adhesive affixing the EC element to an element of the housing of the assembly.

Abstract: A rearview assembly having an electro-optic element. A front substrate defines a first surface and a second surface. A front side edge is disposed between the first surface and the second surface. A rear substrate is operably coupled with the front substrate and spaced a predetermined distance therefrom. The rear substrate defines a third surface and a fourth surface. A rear side edge is disposed between the third surface and the fourth surface. A perimeter of the rear substrate is larger than a perimeter of the front substrate, such that an outer portion of the third surface is exposed, thereby defining a peripheral step between the front side edge and the rear side edge. An electro-optic material is disposed between the front substrate and the rear substrate. A bezel is configured to extend around the rear substrate, over the outer portion of the third surface.

Abstract: An electrochromic compound, represented by the following general formula (I); where X1 to X4 are each a substituent represented by the following general formula (II), an alkyl group that may contain a functional group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group that may contain a functional group, or a hydrogen atom, and at least two selected from X1 to X4 are the substituents represented by the general formula (II); where R1 to R8 are each independently a hydrogen atom, or a monovalent group that may contain a substituent; B is a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent group that may contain a functional group; A?is a monovalent anion; and m is any of 0 to 3, and R1 to R8, B, and m may each independently be different when a plurality of the substituents represented by the general formula (II) are present.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a chromatic device includes an active layer and an electrolyte layer in contact with the active layer, wherein the active layer has an opaque color that blocks light but changes to a translucent color that transmits light when a metal object is placed in electrical contact with the active layer in the presence of the electrolyte layer.

Abstract: A mirror reflective element for a rearview mirror assembly for a vehicle includes a glass substrate, an electrochromic film and a mirror reflector. The electrochromic film is provided as a pre-cut mirror shape film and is disposed at the glass substrate. The electrochromic film comprises an electrochromic polymer layer disposed between a front polymeric film and a rear polymeric film. The front polymeric film is disposed between the electrochromic polymer layer and the glass substrate and a transparent electrically conductive coating is disposed between the front polymeric film and the electrochromic polymer layer. An electrically conductive coating is disposed between the rear polymeric film and the electrochromic polymer layer. The polymeric films have respective overhang portions that extend outboard of any other portion of the electrochromic film at respective connecting regions for electrical connection to the electrically conductive coatings.

Abstract: Electrochromic windows powered by wireless power transmission are described, particularly, the combination of low-defectivity, highly-reliable solid state electrochromic windows with wireless power transmission. Wireless power transmission networks which incorporate electrochromic windows are described.

Abstract: In an electrochromic device, upper and lower electrodes are formed respectively on upper and lower substrates, and an electrochromic laminate is sandwiched between upper and lower central regions of the upper and lower electrodes. A looped spacer is disposed between the upper and lower electrodes to surround the electrochromic laminate. A rib member extends from the looped spacer and is fitted in a slot of the upper electrode. An upper electrode contact is disposed between the looped spacer and an upper marginal region of the upper electrode. A lower electrode contact is disposed between the looped spacer and a lower marginal region of the lower electrode.

Abstract: In a method for installing a frameless mirror, a mirror glass is positioned on a carrier plate against a stop formed by a border of the carrier plate and glued on the carrier plate. The border is then separated from the carrier plate via a predetermined breaking point of the border.

Abstract: An electrochromic device is provided. The device includes a substrate and an electrochromic stack on the substrate. The stack includes a first set of bus bars, a first transparent conductive layer, at least one electrochromic layer, a second transparent conductive layer, and a second set of bus bars, wherein at least one of the first transparent conductive layer or the second transparent conductive layer includes resistivity that varies by horizontal location according to a resistivity profile. In some embodiments the resistivity profile has a vertical component that may or may not be in addition to the horizontal component. Various embodiments of these materials can be tuned as to profiles of vertical resistance and horizontal sheet resistance.

Abstract: A laminated glazing with variable liquid-crystal-induced scattering, includes a first glass sheet; a first interlayer film for laminating the first glass sheet, made from a first plastic material; an electrically controllable, variable scattering system including the liquid crystals between a first support for a first electrode and a second support for a second electrode, the electrodes making contact with the liquid crystals; a second interlayer film, made from a second plastic material for laminating a second glass sheet; links to the electrodes; electrical wiring with two wiring inputs; a polymer material, for protecting the wiring inputs, which makes contact with the glass sheets; and a seal for sealing the liquid crystals and the electrodes from water. The protective polymer material forms a seal for sealing the electrode links and the wiring inputs from liquid water.

Abstract: Provided is a reversible electrochemical mirror including a first substrate, a second substrate on the first substrate and spaced apart from the first substrate, a first transparent electrode on the first substrate, a second transparent electrode under the second substrate, a semi-transmissive film between the second substrate and the second transparent electrode, a barrier rib having a chamber between the first and second transparent electrode and an electrolyte solution filled in the chamber.

Abstract: A glazing having electrically adjustable optical properties is described, including an outer pane and an optically adjustable element which is connected to the outer pane in a planar fashion via at least one thermoplastic film, wherein the thermoplastic film contains at least one luminescent material.

Abstract: The embodiments described herein generally relate to a rearview mirror assembly for a vehicle. More particularly, they relate to a rearview mirror assembly including a switchable reflective element and a display. The switchable reflective element is a type that is selectively switchable between a reflective mode and a transmissive mode. The display is positioned behind the switchable reflective element for displaying images through the switchable reflective element when in the transmissive mode. The rearview mirror assembly may further include either an anti-reflection coating provided on at least one of the front and rear sides of the switchable reflective element, or first and second prisms provided on opposite sides of the switchable reflective element.

Abstract: There is provided an electrochromic (EC) mirror that ensures the insulating properties between electrodes. A transparent electrode film (22), an EC layer (30) that emits a color light upon application of a voltage, and a reflecting electrode film (26) are sequentially laminated on a +X surface of a transparent substrate (21). A protruding portion (22e) of the transparent electrode film (22) is formed on a +Z side of the EC layer (30), and a protruding portion (26e) of the reflecting electrode film (26) is formed on a ?Z side of the EC layer (30) when being viewed from a +X-direction. A whole overlapping region (24), where the transparent electrode film (22) and the reflecting electrode film (26) overlap each other, is included within the EC layer (30) when being viewed from the +X-direction.

Abstract: The composition and method for depositing and processing a solid transparent electrolyte polymerized by ultraviolet (UV) radiation are described. The electrolyte composition includes, at least, an ionic compound, a polymerizable material, a photoinitiator and a polar solvent. The electrolyte is deposited by printing techniques, such as inkjet printing.

Abstract: A touch sensing mirror structure including a first transparent substrate, a second transparent substrate, a package material, an electrochromic material, a light reflecting electrode layer, and a transparent electrode layer is provided. The second transparent substrate is located above the first transparent substrate. The package material is bonded between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate to define a chamber between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate. The chamber is filled with the electrochromic material. The light reflecting electrode layer is disposed on the first transparent substrate and contacts the electrochromic material. The transparent electrode layer is disposed on the second transparent substrate and contacts the electrochromic material.

Abstract: The present invention provides an organic compound to be used in an electrochromic device. The organic compound has excellent oxidation-reduction repeating characteristics and shows high transparency in the bleached state without showing light absorption in the visible light region. The organic compound has a structure represented by Formula [1] according to claim 1. In Formula [1], A1 and A2 represent substituents, and at least one of A1 and A2 is an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or an optionally substituted aryl group. R1 represents a substituent, X represents an electrochromic portion, and n is an integer of 1 to 3.

Abstract: Semiconductor processing tool smart window kits, and smart windows for semiconductor processing tools and semiconductor processing tool doors, are discussed herein. Some smart windows may include a smart film with an active area that is electronically controllable between an opaque state and a transparent state, and that may be configured to prevent light from passing through the smart window and entering into a semiconductor processing tool and/or semiconductor processing chamber when in the opaque state. Additional components, configurations, and/or systems of some kits and smart windows are further discussed herein, which may include an electrical contact cover that may be configured to electrically connect the smart film to a power source and a smart film controller that may be configured to cause a smart film to transition between the opaque and transparent states.

Abstract: A transparent electrochromic polymer is provided, which is polymerized of 1 molar part of a diamine and 1 to 4 molar parts of epoxy compound. The diamine is Formula 1, Formula 2, or combinations thereof, and the epoxy compound is Formula 12, Formula 13, or combinations thereof. The disclosed also provides an electrochromic device, including a first transparent conductive layer, an electrochromic layer on the first transparent conductive layer, and an electrolyte layer on the electrolyte layer, wherein the electrochromic layer is the transparent electrochromic polymer, and a second transparent conductive layer on the electrolyte layer.

Abstract: An optical apparatus includes first and second substrates disposed to oppose each other, the first substrate having a first electrode provided on a surface of the first substrate nearer to the second substrate, and the second substrate having a second electrode provided on a surface of the second substrate nearer to the first substrate, and an electrolyte layer sandwiched between the first and the second substrates, and containing electro-deposition material including silver, wherein when potential of the first electrode is used as reference, a first voltage of positive polarity is applied in a first period to the second electrode, and a second voltage of positive polarity lower than the first voltage is applied in a second period after the first period to the second electrode.

Abstract: Provided is an electrochromic device including a first electrochromic layer, which includes a first nanostructure having first pores and first electrochromic molecules provided on the first nanostructure, on a first electrode, an electrolyte disposed on a top surface of the first electrochromic layer and extending to first recessed portions of the first electrochromic layer, and a second nanostructure disposed on the electrolyte. The first nanostructure may have the first recessed portions in a top surface thereof. The second nanostructure may have second pores therein and second recessed portions in a bottom surface thereof.

Abstract: Provided are an electrochromic display device and a method of manufacturing the electrochromic display device, the electrochromic display device, including: a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other; an electrochromic layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; and a sealing part provided in a continuous ring-like shape on the first substrate or the second substrate and intended for sealing the electrochromic layer. Thus, production efficiency can be increased, and production costs can be reduced.

Abstract: An electrochromic device includes upper and lower substrate units, and an electrochromic laminate sandwiched between an upper electrode of the upper substrate unit and a lower electrode of the lower substrate unit. The electrochromic laminate includes en ion storage layer formed on the upper electrode, an active layer formed on the lower electrode, and a polymer electrolyte sandwiched between inner surfaces of the ion storage layer and the active layer. At least one of the inner surfaces has a roughened peripheral region such that an adhesion force generated between the roughened peripheral region and the polymer electrolyte is effective to minimize thermal shrinkage of the polymer electrolyte.

Abstract: An electro-optic element comprises a first substrate, including first and second surfaces. The first substrate contains at least a first layer of electrically conductive material that is deposited on the second surface and is substantially transparent. The element also comprises a second substrate including third and fourth surfaces, the second substrate containing a second layer of electrically conductive material deposited on the third surface. The first and second substrates are disposed in a parallel and spaced-apart relationship to define a gap between the second and third surfaces, the gap containing an electro-optic medium, and each substrate with a width and a height such that the ratio of width to height is less than or equal to 2. In addition, the element is configured such that a relative darkening timing factor substantially across the element is less than a factor of 3.

Abstract: A glazing unit includes sheets of glass and of plastic laminated between the glass sheets, and luminophores, wherein the glazing unit includes at least three glass sheets and at least two plastic films inserted in alternation between the glass sheets.

Abstract: A reflection-type light control element according to the present invention is provided with a light control layer configured to exhibit a reversible change between a transparent state and a reflection state in a reversible reaction with a hydrogen and a catalyst layer configured to accelerate the reversible reaction of the light control layer, wherein the reflection-type light control element is such that the light control layer includes an alloy that contains at least one kind of element selected from a group composed of group 2 elements and at least two kinds of elements selected from a group composed of group 3 elements and rare earth elements, or a hydride of the alloy.

Abstract: Provided is a display room mirror, including a room mirror disposed in an inner part of a vehicle to detect a rear situation of the vehicle; and an organic light emitting diode (OLED) panel formed in a part or an entire part of a front surface of the room mirror, thereby improving a contrast and a reaction velocity and reducing a thickness and a weight of the room mirror.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a display panel comprising a parallax barrier capable of working with natural light, and the parallax barrier comprises transparent barrier provided with at least one set of pattern which is capable of switching between a light-absorbing state and a light-transmitting state, wherein when the set of pattern is the light-absorbing state, a slit grating for 3D display is formed on the transparent barrier.

Abstract: An electro-optic assembly that includes a front substrate having a first surface and a second surface substantially parallel to the first surface; a rear substrate spaced from and substantially parallel to the front substrate, and having a third surface and a fourth surface substantially parallel to the third surface; and a carrier operably connected to at least one of the front substrate and the rear substrate. Further, the electro-optic assembly includes an appliqué layer directly on at least a first portion of the fourth surface and having an opening over a second portion of the fourth surface; and an assembly component that is coupled to the carrier, behind the fourth surface and substantially coincident with the opening. The portions of the fourth surface are in a transmissive region of the rear substrate, and the front and rear substrates define a cavity at least partially filled with an electro-optic material.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrochemical device (100) having electrically controllable optical and/or energy transmission properties comprising a substrate (40), a functional system (60) formed on the substrate and a cover film (56) formed on the functional system. The functional system comprises a bottom electrode coating (46), formed on the substrate, a top electrode coating (54) and at least one electrochemically active film (48, 52) located between the two electrode coatings, the electro-chemically active film being able to switch reversibly between a first state and a second state having optical and/or energy transmission properties different from the first state. The cover film defines at least one surface cavity (66) that passes through the cover film without penetrating the top electrode coating and the device comprises electrical connection means (70) arranged at least partially in at least one surface cavity for electrical contact with the top electrode coating.

Abstract: Controllers and control methods apply a drive voltage to bus bars of a thin film optically switchable device. The applied drive voltage is provided at a level that drives a transition over the entire surface of the optically switchable device but does not damage or degrade the device. This applied voltage produces an effective voltage at all locations on the face of the device that is within a bracketed range. The upper bound of this range is associated with a voltage safely below the level at which the device may experience damage or degradation impacting its performance in the short term or the long term. At the lower boundary of this range is an effective voltage at which the transition between optical states of the device occurs relatively rapidly. The level of voltage applied between the bus bars is significantly greater than the maximum value of the effective voltage within the bracketed range.

Abstract: An electrically controllable device includes two supported electrodes, each coated with a conductive coating, the two electrodes positioned with respect to one another so that the conductive coatings are facing each other. An electroactive system, sandwiched between, and in contact with, the two electrodes, has an area smaller than that of each of the electrodes to define a peripheral groove over the entire perimeter of the electroactive system. A peripheral seal fills the groove over the entire perimeter of the electroactive system and is entirely in contact with the two electrodes. The contact area between the seal and the first electrode and the contact area between the seal and the second electrode each include a conductive part and a non-conductive part. No conductive part of the contact area between the seal and the first electrode is opposite a conductive part of the contact area between the seal and the second electrode.

Abstract: A distributed device control system is provided. The system includes a plurality of windows, each window of the plurality of windows having at least one electrochromic window, a voltage or current driver for the at least one electrochromic window, and a first control system local to the window. The system includes a plurality of window controllers, each window controller configured to couple to one or more of the plurality of windows and having a second control system, for the one or more of the plurality of windows, local to the window controller. The system includes a command and communication device configured to couple to each of the plurality of window controllers, configured to couple to a network, and having a third control system, for the plurality of windows, wherein control of the plurality of windows is distributed across the plurality of windows, the plurality of window controllers, the command and communication device, and a portion of the network.

Abstract: A privacy filter and its preparation method are disclosed. One embodiment of the privacy filter comprises: a first transparent substrate; a second transparent substrate positioned a predetermined distance apart from and opposite to the first transparent substrate; an electrolyte filled between the first and second transparent substrates; and a second transparent conductive layer disposed between the electrolyte and the second transparent substrate. The first transparent substrate comprises: an uneven pattern having a wire grid and trenches formed on the first transparent substrate; a first transparent conductive layer formed on the wire grid and the trenches of the uneven pattern; and an electrochromic layer being formed on the first transparent conductive layer along the sidewall of the wire grid and containing an electrochromic material to transmit or absorb visible light depending on whether an electrical signal is applied or not.

Abstract: Controllers and control methods apply a drive voltage to bus bars of a thin film optically switchable device. The applied drive voltage is provided at a level that drives a transition over the entire surface of the optically switchable device but does not damage or degrade the device. This applied voltage produces an effective voltage at all locations on the face of the device that is within a bracketed range. The upper bound of this range is associated with a voltage safely below the level at which the device may experience damage or degradation impacting its performance in the short term or the long term. At the lower boundary of this range is an effective voltage at which the transition between optical states of the device occurs relatively rapidly. The level of voltage applied between the bus bars is significantly greater than the maximum value of the effective voltage within the bracketed range.

Abstract: A reflective element assembly for a vehicular rearview mirror assembly includes front and rear substrates with an electro-optic medium disposed therebetween. An electrical connector has an attachment portion and a wire receiving portion for receiving an electrical wire therein. A flange of the attachment portion is configured to be disposed at a fourth surface of the rear substrate and a tab is configured to extend at least partially across a perimeter edge of the rear substrate. An electrically conductive material is disposed in an uncured state and uncured electrically conductive material flows at least partially through the aperture and is cured to secure the electrical connector at the rear substrate. The wire receiving portion of the electrical connector is configured to receive the electrical wire therein and includes at least one tang that engages the electrical wire when the electrical wire is inserted into the wire receiving portion.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating light may be comprised of a light source with a lens interposed in a light path from the light source. The lens may be comprised of two or more sections wherein at least one section may be comprised of smart glass. Electrical circuitry may be configured to control a transparency state of the smart glass lens sections. Another embodiment may have two reflectors wherein one of the reflectors may be interposed between the light source and the other reflector and may be comprised of smart glass with a transparent state and a reflective state so that two different reflection patterns may be created. A method for illumination wherein at least one area's illumination is controlled by a section of smart glass is also disclosed.

Abstract: Prior electrochromic devices frequently suffer from high levels of defectivity. The defects may be manifest as pin holes or spots where the electrochromic transition is impaired. This is unacceptable for many applications such as electrochromic architectural glass. Improved electrochromic devices with low defectivity can be fabricated by depositing certain layered components of the electrochromic device in a single integrated deposition system. While these layers are being deposited and/or treated on a substrate, for example a glass window, the substrate never leaves a controlled ambient environment, for example a low pressure controlled atmosphere having very low levels of particles. These layers may be deposited using physical vapor deposition.

Abstract: Multi-layer devices comprising a layer of an electrochromic lithium nickel oxide composition on a first substrate, the lithium nickel oxide composition comprising lithium, nickel and a Group 6 metal selected from molybdenum, tungsten and a combination thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an electrochromic device having a structure in which atoms of an electrolytic layer and an ion storage layer are mixed with each other. The electrochromic device includes an active layer configured to provide a transparent state by a protonation and a reflective state by a deprotonation, an ion storage layer which stores a proton, an electrolytic layer which is provided between the active layer and the ion storage layer and used a medium through which the proton is moved, and a mixed layer having constituent elements of the ion storage layer and the electrolytic layer.

Abstract: A reflection-type optical control element has an optical control layer whose state is reversibly changed between a transparent state caused by hydrogenation and a reflective state caused by dehydrogenation, a catalyst layer that accelerates the hydrogenation and the dehydrogenation in the optical control layer, and an oxidation inhibition member that is arranged between the optical control layer and the catalyst layer and inhibits oxidation of the optical control layer that is caused by oxygen that permeates through the catalyst layer.

Abstract: A new approach is conceived for the development of organic polymeric conducting materials synthesized from nanocomposites of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) and polyaniline (PANI). The process involves oxidative-radical polymerization of aniline in the presence of NCC using either in situ or emulsion polymerization. The resulting NCC-PANI nanocomposite material can be obtained in film or powder form and exhibits electrical conductive properties typical of semiconducting materials. Unlike PANI, a brittle conductive polymer, NCC-PANI nanocomposite materials can be engineered to possess significant flexibility, strength and/or hardness as a result of the NCC acting as a reinforcing scaffold. Depending on the preparation conditions, electrical conductivities for the NCC-PANI nanocomposite materials prepared according to this disclosure range from 9.98×10?5 to 1.88×10?2 S·cm?1; they could also have hardness ?0.189 GPa or be formed into flexible films of tensile strength of the order of 9.

Abstract: A gasochromic system includes a first transparent part that includes a first surface; a second transparent part that includes a second surface and is disposed such that the second surface faces the first surface of the first transparent part; a light control part that is formed on the first surface and includes a light control element whose optical characteristic is reversibly changed by hydrogenation and dehydrogenation; a hydrogen supplier that supplies a hydrogen-containing gas into a gap between the first and second transparent parts; and a dehydrogenator that removes hydrogen from the gap between the first and second transparent parts. The first and second transparent parts are stacked via the light control part, and the second surface and a surface of the light control part facing the second surface are partially in contact with each other.

Abstract: An implantable device includes at least one electrode comprising a conductive base and polyoxometalate anions disposed on or within the conductive base; and at least one conductor attached to the at least one electrode for conducting electrical energy to the at least one electrode.

Abstract: An aircraft window mounting assembly having a pressure pane in abutting contact with an inner surface of an exterior pressure pane frame. A bezel is proximate a periphery of the pressure pane and defines an inner opening. The bezel includes an inner wall, an outer wall, an exterior wall, and an interior wall. A dust cover is proximate the interior wall of the foam bezel. An electro-optic element is disposed in the opening and is configured for reception by the inner wall. The pressure pane, the foam bezel, and the electro-optic element define an exterior cavity. The bezel, the electro-optic element, and the dust cover define an interior cavity. A first relief passage is in fluid communication with the exterior cavity and the interior cavity. A second relief passage is in fluid communication with the interior cavity and one of an aircraft interior cabin and an aircraft wall.

Abstract: An electrochromic device includes an electrochromic stack. Openings are formed in the electrochromic stack that allow light to pass through without being tinted.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention include systems for reflective digital light processing (DLP). Embodiments include a light source, a plurality of optically reflective switching devices each having an optically reflective layer in contact with a substrate; a circuit means and power source; controller logic; a projection means; and a display means; wherein each of said plurality of devices is a capable of receiving light from said light source and thereafter reflecting said received light in direct response to a reflective state condition of said each device.

Abstract: Electrochromic device laminates and their method of manufacture are disclosed.