Abstract: A lens array plate of long-size or large area is provided reducing deterioration of optical performance. A lengthy lens array plate (10), which is based on manufacturing process in accordance with the present invention, is formed by connecting a plurality of planar-shaped lens array plates (1) in the longer direction thereof, the planar-shaped lens array plate (1) including a plurality of lens portions that are regularly arranged. The connecting portion (3) is linearly formed at the position other than the plurality of lens portions. Thereby, a lengthy lens array plate with any length may be formed.

Abstract: A beam forming device produces a linear intensity distribution on a work plane. The device contains a laser light source that can emit laser radiation, an optical device that can transfer the laser radiation in a linear intensity distribution on the work plane, and lens that are used to influence the linear intensity distribution on the work plane and that can be displaced in the direction of diffusion of the laser radiation. The intensity profile can be modified perpendicular to the extension of the linear intensity distribution by modifying the position of the lens in the direction of diffusion of the laser radiation.

Abstract: An erecting equal-magnification lens array plate includes: a first lens array plate provided with a plurality of first lenses arranged on a first surface and a plurality of second lenses arranged on a second surface; and a second lens array plate provided with a plurality of third lenses arranged on a third surface and a plurality of fourth lenses arranged on a fourth surface. The first and second lens array plates are stacked. An intermediate light-shielding member provided with a plurality of intermediate through holes is between the first lens array plate and the second lens array plate. The intermediate through hole is formed such that the hole diameter is progressively smaller in a tapered fashion away from the second surface toward the third surface. A plurality of V grooves are formed in an area between adjacent second lenses on the second surface.

Abstract: An erecting equal-magnification lens array plate includes a first lens array plate and a second lens array plate provided opposite to each other, each of the first and second lens array plates being formed with a plurality of lenses on both sides thereof. The first lens array plate is provided with a first lens-to-lens distance determining part. The second lens array plate is provided with a second lens-to-lens distance determining part. The distance between opposite lenses is determined by the contact between the first lens-to-lens distance determining part and the second lens-to-lens distance determining part.

Abstract: An erecting equal-magnification lens array plate includes: a first lens array plate provided with a plurality of first lenses systematically arranged on a first surface and a plurality of second lenses systematically arranged on a second surface opposite to the first surface; and a second lens array plate provided with a plurality of third lenses systematically arranged on a third surface and a plurality of fourth lenses systematically arranged on a fourth surface opposite to the third surface. The first lens array plate and the second lens array plate form a stack such that the second surface and the third surface face each other to ensure that a combination of the lenses aligned with each other form a coaxial lens system. A plurality of V grooves are formed in an area between adjacent second lenses on the second surface in the erecting equal-magnification lens array plate.

Abstract: A double-sided microlens array is applied to a laser beam shaping and homogenizing device of a laser system. The double-sided microlens array is able to shape the energy distribution of an incident laser beam to a square and flat-top beam with the average uniformity of energy and comprises a base plate, a plurality of first micro lenslets and a plurality of second micro lenslets. The first micro lenslet and the second micro lenslet have the convexes with the same figures and comply with the classification of an optical diffractive element, the first micro lenslets and the second micro lenslets are disposed on the first surface and the second surface of the base plate, which are corresponding to each other in order to tightly line up the arrangements of arrays. The first micro lenslets and the second micro lenslets are correspondingly misalignment.

Abstract: An erect life-size lens array having a deep focal depth is realized. The erect life-size lens array includes a first lens array, a second lens array and an aperture, and when a thickness of the second lens is ?1, a refractive index of the second lens is n, a distance between an exit surface of the second lens and a design image surface is ?2, a radius of a circular hole of the aperture is ra, and a defocus amount is ?3, the erect life-size lens array is for causing an MTF at a spatial frequency (line-pair/mm) ? to become MTFtarget or more, and satisfies (J1(2?·ra·((n/?1)+(1/?2))·?·?3))/(?·ra·((n/?1)+(1/?2))·??3)?MTFtarget, where J1 is a first type first-order Bessel function.

Abstract: There is provided a method for producing a wafer lens assembly capable of adhering a wafer lens and a spacer surely. The wafer lens assembly includes a first substrate including plural optical members formed of a curable resin on at least one surface, a second substrate joined to the first substrate, and a stop member arranged between the first and second substrates. The first and second substrates are adhered with an adhesive made of a photo-curable resin. The method includes an adhesive applying step of applying the adhesive made of a photo-curable resin on a joining area, a stop-member forming step, and a photo-curing step of irradiating and hardening the adhesive applied in the adhesive applying step with light after the stop-member forming step. The stop member is formed so as not to prevent the light irradiated in the photo-curing step from reaching the adhesive.

Abstract: An exemplary lens module includes a first lens array, a second lens array, an electrostrictive member and a power supply. The first lens array includes first lenses, and the second lens array includes second lenses, an optical axis of each second lens being aligned with that of the corresponding first lens. The electrostrictive member is made from an artificial muscle material spacing the first lens array and the second lens array. A thickness direction of the electrostrictive member is parallel to optical axes of the first lenses and second lenses, and the electrostrictive member is deformable along the thickness direction thereof when an electric current is applied thereon, thereby driving the first and second lens arrays to move toward or away from each other. The power supply is electrically connected to the electrostrictive member to provide the electric current to the electrostrictive member.

Abstract: A system of the present disclosure has an optical element having a plurality of contiguous lenses, a detecting device having a plurality of light-sensitive pixels, the optical element having a lens in the plurality of lenses associated with each of the plurality of light-sensitive pixels, and intermediate imaging optics for receiving light indicative of an image and focusing the light onto the plurality of contiguous lenses such that the image is divided on each of the associated light-sensitive pixels.

Abstract: An erecting equal-magnification lens array plate comprises first and second lens array plates stacked on one another, a fourth surface light-shielding wall, and an intermediate light-shielding wall. An intermediate through hole formed in the intermediate light-shielding wall is formed such that the hole diameter is progressively smaller in a tapered fashion away from the first lens array plate toward the second lens array plate. An angle of inclination ? of an interior wall surface of the intermediate through hole with respect to a optical axis is given by ??tan?1(D4/(Gap+L2+H4))/2 where Gap denotes a gap between the lens array plates, L2 denotes a thickness of the second lens array plate, H4 denotes a height of the fourth surface light-shielding wall, and D4 denotes a diameter of the opening of the fourth surface through hole formed in the fourth surface light-shielding wall facing the image plane.

Abstract: An erect equal-magnification lens array according to the present invention includes: a first lens array plate including a first lens plate and a group of plural convex lenses arrayed on an emission surface of the first lens plate, an incident surface of the first lens plate being formed in a planar shape; a first aperture plate having plural apertures; a second lens array plate including a second lens plate and a group of plural convex lenses arrayed on both an incident surface and an emission surface of the second lens plate; a second aperture plate including plural apertures corresponding to plural projections of the plural convex lenses on the emission surface of the second lens plate; and a third lens array plate including a third lens plate and a group of plural convex lenses arrayed on an incident surface of the third lens plate.

Abstract: An illumination system comprising an array of controllable mirrors configured to direct radiation towards a pupil plane and an array of lenses configured to direct radiation sub-beams towards the array of controllable mirrors, wherein a first lens of the array of lenses and a controllable mirror of the array of controllable mirrors forms a first optical channel having a first optical power and a second lens of the array of lenses and a controllable mirror of the array of controllable mirrors forms a second optical channel having a second optical power, such that a radiation sub-beam formed by the first optical channel has a first cross-sectional area and shape at the pupil plane and a radiation sub-beam formed by the second optical channel has a second different cross-sectional area and/or shape at the pupil plane.

Abstract: A method for illuminating the surface of an object by using a source beam is provided. The source beam is partitioned into as many illumination sub-beams as there are surface elements to be illuminated, and their aperture is modulated as a function of the predetermined luminous intensity to be assigned to the surface element. Each surface element is illuminated with the aid of one of said illumination sub-beams. Used for illuminating the imagers of projection devices, this method makes it possible to add a second modulation stage allowing the display contrast of the images to be improved.

Abstract: There is provided a method for producing a wafer lens assembly capable of adhering a wafer lens and a spacer surely. The wafer lens assembly includes a first substrate including plural optical members formed of a curable resin on at least one surface, a second substrate joined to the first substrate, and a stop member arranged between the first and second substrates. The first and second substrates are adhered with an adhesive made of a photo-curable resin. The method includes an adhesive applying step of applying the adhesive made of a photo-curable resin on a joining area, a stop-member forming step, and a photo-curing step of irradiating and hardening the adhesive applied in the adhesive applying step with light after the stop-member forming step. The stop member is formed so as not to prevent the light irradiated in the photo-curing step from reaching the adhesive.

Abstract: A color dividing optical device has an integrated structure of dual surfaces, each has a micro/nano structure. The optical device can perform beam splitting and color dividing on an incident light source, which has a constitution from multiple different wavelengths. In a space, the original incident light source is equally split into multiple light beams in an array, according to light intensity. At the same time, the light beam constituted from different wavelengths is divided into multiple sub-light sources, according to the wavelength, so as to have the function to propagate a color array with color dividing. The optical device with capability of modulating the color wavelengths can transform the wide-band incident light source into sub-light beams in array with color dividing (wavelength dividing) and beam splitting.

Abstract: An erecting equal-magnification lens array plate includes: a first lens array plate provided with a plurality of first lenses arranged on a first surface and a plurality of second lenses arranged on a second surface opposite to the first surface; and a second lens array plate provided with a plurality of third lenses arranged on a third surface and a plurality of fourth lenses arranged on a fourth surface opposite to the third surface. The first and second lens array plates form a stack such that the second surface and the third surface face each other. The erecting equal-magnification lens array plate receives light from a linear light source facing the first surface and forms an erect equal-magnification image of the linear light source on an image plane facing the fourth surface. An annular slope is formed around each second lens and each third lens.

Abstract: A despeckling device and method in which an optical path difference staircase element is disposed between a fly's eye lens array and the image plane in a position near the focus position of the fly's eye lens array, and a laser generating unit generates and transmits pulsed laser beams to the optical path difference staircase element, wherein the pulsed laser beams are driven at a very short pulsed rate.

Abstract: A stacked disk-shaped optical lens array, a stacked disk-shaped lens module array and a method of manufacturing the same are revealed. The stacked disk-shaped optical lens array is produced by stacked disk-shaped optical lens modules whose optical axis is aligned. The stacked disk-shaped lens module array is produced by a stacked disk-shaped optical lens array whose optical axis is aligned by an alignment fixture, stacked and assembled with required optical element arrays. In the stacked disk-shaped lens module array produced by this method, the lens optical axis is aligned precisely. Moreover, the manufacturing process is simplified and the cost is reduced.

Abstract: A line head includes: a positive lens system having two lenses with positive refractive power; an image-side lens array in which the image-side lens of the two lenses is arrayed in a plural number in first and second directions; an object-side lens array in which the object-side lens of the two lenses is arrayed in a plural number in the first and second directions; a light emitter array in which a plurality of light-emitting elements are arrayed on an object side of the positive lens system for the one positive lens system; and an aperture plate that forms an aperture diaphragm disposed on the object side of the positive lens system so that an image side is telecentric or approximately telecentric.

Abstract: An illumination optical system has a condenser, a first lens array, a second lens array, and a polarized beam splitting surface. The condenser and the first and second lens arrays compress light incident on the condenser. The distance between a lens cell in the first lens array and a lens cell in the second lens array is appropriately set, whereby an illuminated surface is illuminated brightly and efficiently without significant loss of light amount.

Abstract: An optical film used in a display panel is provided. The display panel has a number of pixels. The optical film includes a condenser lens array layer and a prism array layer. The condenser lens array layer, disposed in front of the pixels, includes a number of condenser lenses and at least has a first portion and a second portion, wherein the first portion and the second portion do not overlap with each other. The prism array layer at least includes a first prism sub-array having a number of first prisms. The light passing through the condenser lenses in the first portion of the condenser lens array layer is deflected to a first direction by the first prisms. The light passing through the condenser lenses in the second portion of the condenser lens array layer travels along a second direction. The first direction is different from the second direction.

Abstract: A machine for imprinting patterns onto uncured concrete in an elongated bed includes a frame for positioning the finishing machine over the bed. A lower patterning unit suspended from the frame is movable backward and forward of the concrete bed and a press assembly moves the pattern in and out of contact with uncured concrete on the elongated bed.

Abstract: A glass lens array module with alignment fixture and a manufacturing method thereof are revealed. A glass lens array is produced by multi-cavity glass molding and alignment members are arranged on a peripheral of non-optical area of the glass lens array. Optical axis of each of two adjacent glass lens arrays is aligned by corresponding alignment members and the glass lens arrays are assembled by glue. A spacer is disposed between the two adjacent glass lens arrays to form a preset interval if needed. Thus a glass lens array module is formed after curing of the glue. Thereby the alignment of the optical axis of the glass lens is achieved easily and optical precision is also attained. Moreover, the manufacturing processes are simplified and the cost is reduced.

Abstract: A lens array, a linear light exposure device, and an optical apparatus including the linear light exposure device. The lens array includes: an image side lens array unit in which a plurality of lens cells are arranged in at least one line along an arrangement direction to have optical axes parallel with each other; and a light blocking unit provided on an incidence surface of the image side lens array unit, the light blocking unit having light transmission regions, through which light is transmitted toward each lens cell, and blocking regions in regions other than the light transmission regions, wherein each lens cell of the image side lens array unit has a square formed effective optical region.

Abstract: According to embodiments of the invention, a lens assembly and method for forming the same is provided. The method includes providing a first lens layer having a first transparent substrate and a first lens on the first transparent substrate, providing a second lens layer having a second transparent substrate and a second lens on the second transparent substrate, forming a spacer structure between the first lens layer and the second lens layer, and thinning the first transparent substrate to a first thickness after the spacer is formed.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a laser irradiation technique for irradiating the irradiation surface with the laser beam having homogeneous intensity distribution using a cylindrical lens array without being affected by the intensity distribution of the original beam. A laser beam emitted from a laser oscillator is divided by two kinds of cylindrical lens arrays into a plurality of beams, which are two kinds of linear laser beams with their energy intensity distribution inverted each other, and the two kinds of linear laser beams are superposed in a minor-axis direction. This can form the linear laser beam having homogeneous intensity distribution on the irradiation surface.

Abstract: A 3-dimensional image display device having wide viewing angles using Fresnel lenses is disclosed. According to an embodiment of the invention, the 3-dimensional image display device includes an image source providing part for providing an image source, a first Fresnel lens refracting and transmitting the image source that is incident from the image source providing part, and a second Fresnel lens for generating a 3-dimensional image by refracting and transmitting the image source transmitted from the first Fresnel lens. At least one of the first Fresnel lens and the second Fresnel lens is a curved type Fresnel lens surface. The present invention can maximize the display area for a 3-dimensional image and realize the 3-dimensional image having wide viewing angles without distortion on the left and right boundaries.

Abstract: A beam alignment system for generating an aligned two-dimensional array of parallel light beams, comprising a beam alignment chamber including a base extending in a length direction and a plurality of reflectors mounted on the base, each having independent yaw and pitch adjustments. The beam alignment system further includes a plurality of arrays of light sources, each generating an array of light beams and being paired with a corresponding reflector, the reflectors being disposed to direct the light beams along the length of the beam alignment chamber forming an aligned two-dimensional array of parallel light beams.

Abstract: An illumination system including at least one coherent light source, a light uniforming device and a lenticular sheet module is provided. The coherent light source is capable of emitting a coherent beam. The light uniforming device is disposed on a transmission path of the coherent beam. The lenticular sheet module disposed on a transmission path of the coherent beam and between the coherent light source and the light uniforming device, includes a first lenticular sheet and a second lenticular sheet. The first lenticular sheet includes a plurality of first rod-like lenticulars disposed side by side extending along a first extending direction. The second lenticular sheet disposed between the first lenticular sheet and the light uniforming device, includes a plurality of second rod-like lenticulars disposed side by side extending along a second extending direction. The first extending direction and the second extending direction make an angle greater than 0 degree.

Abstract: A lens array unit includes first and second lens array plates that oppose each other on opposite sides of a support member. Each of the lens array plates supports a set of lenses that are arranged in one direction and that have optical axes extending in a direction perpendicular to the one direction. The bending rigidity of the support member in the direction that the optical axes extend is higher than the bending rigidity of the first lens array plate in that direction.

Abstract: An erecting and unity-magnifying lens array includes: a first lens array plate that has a plurality of first lenses, a second lens array plate that has a plurality of second lenses, a third lens array plate that has a plurality of third lenses, a first aperture plate that has a plurality of round holes formed therein, that is disposed between the first lens array plate and the second lens array plate, and that has a first thickness; and a second aperture plate that has a plurality of round holes formed therein, that is disposed close to the exit surface of the second lens array plate, that is disposed so that vertexes of the exit surfaces of the plurality of second lenses are located inside the plurality of round holds, and that has a second thickness smaller than the first thickness.

Abstract: A lens array includes: a lens array substrate having a light transmissive property; a first lens disposed on the lens array substrate; and a second lens disposed on the lens array substrate in a first direction from the first lens and different from the first lens in peripheral shape.

Abstract: A film material utilizing a regular two-dimensional array of non-cylindrical lenses to enlarge micro-images, called icons, to form a synthetically magnified image through the united performance of a multiplicity of individual lens/icon image systems. The synthetic magnification micro-optic system includes one or more optical spacers (5), a micro-image formed of a periodic planar array of a plurality of image icons (4) having an axis of symmetry about at least one of its planar axes and positioned on or next to the optical spacer (5), and a periodic planar array of image icon focusing elements (1) having an axis of symmetry about at least one of its planar axes, the axis of symmetry being the same planar axis as that of the micro-image planar array (4). A number of distinctive visual effects, such as three-dimensional and motion effects, can be provided by the present system.

Abstract: A process for making a microlens array or a microlens array masterform comprises (a) providing a photoreactive composition, the photoreactive composition comprising (1) at least one reactive species that is capable of undergoing an acid- or radical-initiated chemical reaction, and (2) at least one multiphoton photoinitiator system; and (b) imagewise exposing at least a portion of the composition to light sufficient to cause simultaneous absorption of at least two photons, thereby inducing at least one acid- or radical-initiated chemical reaction where the composition is exposed to the light, the imagewise exposing being carried out in a pattern that is effective to define at least the surface of a plurality of microlenses, each of the microlenses having a principal axis and a focal length, and at least one of the microlenses being an aspherical microlens.

Abstract: There is provided a light source unit which includes a luminescent light source which receives excitation light so as to emit light of a predetermined wavelength band, excitation light sources which shine excitation light on to the luminescent light source, a reflection space having the luminescent light source in an interior thereof and an emission space which emits luminescent light source light emitted from the reflection space from an emission port whose area is made smaller than the area of the luminescent light source and a projector which employs the light source unit.

Abstract: Lens pairs include: a first lens to form an intermediate image, which is an inverted image of an object, on an intermediate image plane; and a second lens to form an image of the object, which is an inverted image of the intermediate image, on the image plane. A ratio of SO1 (the distance between the first principal plane of the first lens and the object plane) to SI1 (the distance between the second principal plane of the first lens and the intermediate image plane) is substantially the same as the ratio of SI2 (the distance between the second principal plane of the second lens and the imaging plane) to SO2 (the distance between the first principal plane of the second lens and the intermediate image plane). The distance between the first lens and the object plane is different from a distance between the second lens and the imaging plane.

Abstract: An optical raster element for an illumination system of a microlithographic projection exposure apparatus includes an array of refractive optical elements extending on a planar or curved surface. At least two of the optical elements are arranged side by side along a reference direction with a pitch of less than 2 mm. They have a height perpendicular to the surface of less than 50 ?m and a surface profile along the reference direction which includes a central section, two transition sections adjacent the central section and two end sections adjacent the transition sections. The curvatures in the two transition sections are greater than the curvatures in the central section and the end sections. The optical raster element is intended for being used as a first channel plate in an optical integrator (honeycomb condenser) and can reduce the maximum light intensities occurring in or behind the second channel plate.

Abstract: A projection display apparatus 101 in which the light quantity adjusting means has a simple and readily interchangeable structure, and which can improve image quality by adjusting the quantity of light received by a light valve continuously, without causing illuminance irregularities, and without having unwanted light radiated onto the screen, the light quantity adjusting means 9 having light blocking members 91L, 91R for blocking light in transit to a second lens array 22, and rotational axes 91LA, 91RA for turnably supporting each of the light blocking members on an xy plane, the light blocking members 91L, 91R and rotational axes 91LA, 91RA being positioned so that the rotational axes 91LA, 91RA are disposed in positions symmetric with respect to the optical axis AX on the xy plane, and the turning range from the light blocking initiation position at which the light blocking members 91L, 91R, by being turned, start to block light in transit toward the second lens array 22 to the maximum light blocking posi

Abstract: Device for shaping laser radiation which has sub-beams (3) spaced apart in a first direction (X) perpendicular to the propagation direction (Z) of the laser radiation, in particular for shaping laser radiation which is output by a laser diode bar (1), comprising a first refractive interface (8) which can differently deviate at least a multiplicity of the sub-beams (3) of the laser radiation to be shaped, so that they travel at least partially converging together after passing through the first interface (8) more than before passing through the first interface (8), and furthermore comprising a second refractive interface (9) through which the laser radiation can pass after having passed through the first interface (8), the second interface (9) being able to deviate at least some of the sub-beams (3) so that their convergence is reduced.

Abstract: An image reading device includes: a document table on which a document G is placed; a line light source configured to illuminate the document G; an erecting equal-magnification lens array plate configured to receive light reflected from the document G and form an erect equal-magnification image on a predetermined image plane; and a line image sensor configured to receive the erect equal-magnification image formed by the erecting equal-magnification lens array plate. The erecting equal-magnification lens array plate includes: first and second lens array plates formed with a plurality of lenses on both sides thereof; a first shielding member provided on the first outer side surface of the first lens array plate; and a light-shielding wall provided upright on the top surface of the first light-shielding member and configured to shield light reflected by the document table.

Abstract: Microlens sheetings with composite images are disclosed, in which the composite image floats above or below the sheeting, or both. The composite image may be two-dimensional or three-dimensional. Methods for providing such an imaged sheeting are also disclosed.

Abstract: A lens is formed to support and tilt at least one microlens formed on the lens. The degree and direction of slope of the microlens can be controlled based on desired focal characteristics to direct light to or from a pixel of a pixel array.

Abstract: An exemplary wafer level lens module array includes a first lens array, a second lens array above the first lens array, and a spacer array between the first and second lens arrays. The first lens array includes a number of first lenses, and two first aligning structures. The second lens array includes a number of second lenses, and two second aligning structures. The spacer array includes a number of through holes, and two third aligning structures. The first aligning structures respectively align with the third aligning structures, thereby the first lenses are coaxial with the respective the through holes. The second aligning structures respectively align with the third aligning structures, thereby the second lenses are coaxial with the respective through holes.

Abstract: A projection type display apparatus is provided that is safe even when a person looks directly into a laser beam. A laser operation control unit sets the output power of at least one laser source so that intensity A (mW/mm2) of the laser beam on at least one spatial light modulation element satisfies relationship of A<686×B2 when numerical aperture B on image side of an illumination optics system is set.

Abstract: A lens array includes a plurality of lens assembly members with a plurality of lenses, a light blocking member with a plurality of apertures arranged therein, and a light blocking member including a plurality of apertures arranged therein. The lens assembly members are arranged so that an optical axis of each of the lenses of one of the lens assembly members is aligned with an optical axis of each of the lenses of another of the lens assembly members. Further, the lens assembly members and the light blocking member are arranged so that the following relationship is satisfied: P 2 ? RY ? LO - F F where P is a pitch of the lenses, F is a focal length of each of the lenses, LO is a distance between an object surface and each of the lenses, and RA is a distance between the optical axis and an inner surface of the aperture.

Abstract: An erecting equal-magnification lens array plate includes: a first lens array plate provided with a plurality of first lenses and a plurality of second lenses; a second lens array plate provided with a plurality of third lenses and a plurality of fourth lenses; a first light-shielding wall having a plurality of first through holes; and a second light-shielding wall having a plurality of second through holes. The first through hole and the second through hole each includes: a lateral wall portion; an annular inner projection portion provided to project from an end of the lateral wall portion; and an annular outer projection portion provided to project from an end of the lateral wall portion facing the lens. The inner projection portion and the outer projection portion are not formed with a surface parallel to an optical axis.

Abstract: A lens array includes a plurality of lens units each of which includes a plurality of microlenses linearly arranged, and a light shielding member having a plurality of openings as apertures. The openings are disposed so as to face the microlenses of respective lens units. Facing microlenses of the lens units have optical axes substantially aligned with each other and passing the openings of the light shielding member. Light absorbing portions are provided in the openings.

Abstract: An erecting equal-magnification lens array plate includes: a first lens array plate and a second lens array plate each provided with a plurality of convex lenses on both surfaces; a first light-shielding member provided with a plurality of first openings; and a second light-shielding member provided with a plurality of second openings. The first lens array plate and the second lens array plate form a stack such that a combination of the lenses associated with each other form a coaxial lens system. The first light-shielding member is provided on the first lens array plate such that the first opening is located opposite to the corresponding convex lens. The second light-shielding member is provided on the second lens array plate such that the second opening is located opposite to the corresponding fourth lens. An open end of each of the first opening and the second opening facing the lens is formed to become progressively larger in diameter toward the end.

Abstract: A two-stage homogenizer comprising a first homogenizer stage and a second homogenizer stage. The first homogenizer stage includes a pair of microlens arrays and associated focusing optics. The second homogenizer stage includes a second pair of microlens arrays and associated focusing optics. The second homogenizer stage is positioned to receive radiation which is output from the first homogenizer stage.