Abstract: In a light irradiating apparatus, a first fly-eye lens and a second fly-eye lens are disposed in succession from a light source side. A first lens having negative refractive power is disposed more adjacent to the light source side than the first fly-eye lens. A second lens having positive refractive power is disposed more adjacent to the light source side than the second fly-eye lens. The specification also discloses an image projecting apparatus for illuminating an image display element by the light emerging from the light irradiating apparatus, and projecting an image displayed on the image display element.

Abstract: A focal point detection apparatus having a plurality of detection areas comprises a view field mask disposed in the vicinity of a prearranged imaging plane of a photographing lens and provided with a plurality of view field apertures, a condenser lens provided with a plurality of lens units for respectively condensing light fluxes transmitting the plurality of view field apertures, and a re-imaging optical system provided with a plurality of re-imaging lens units for dividing a light flux transmitting each view field aperture into a pair of light fluxes transmitting different areas of the exit pupil of the photographing lens and for forming images of the respective view field apertures on light receiving means.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for picture recording that is used in image sensors in robotics, navigation and surveillance systems. Said device comprises a lighting device having several series connected lasers as a light source and a dispersing lens as well as an optical element with which high luminance laser light is emitted while complying with safety regulations.

Abstract: A projective image display apparatus directed to effecting improved brightness of a displayed image for projection. The improved brightness is a consequence of harmonizing an intensity distribution of light from one or more light sources and converting light from the one or more light sources into linearly polarized light of one direction.

Abstract: There is provided a structure for reducing optical loss in an optical apparatus (homogenizer) for making the intensity distribution of a laser beam uniform. In a multi-cylindrical lens (a glass substrate having a multiplicity of cylindrical lenses formed thereon) used in a homogenizer, convex cylindrical lenses and concave cylindrical lenses are arranged alternately, and the boundaries between the cylindrical lenses have a smooth structure. This makes it possible to reduce scattering of beams that has occurred at the boundaries between the cylindrical lenses.

Abstract: An optical beam shaping system has optical elements arranged in a radiation bundle in part designed as lens arrays each having each several lenses for sensing partial radial bundles, their lens surface (3) being shaped into an optically active interface (2, 2′) of a monolithic optical element (1). In order to provide a beam shaping system which can more effectively influence the beam parameters than the known prior art beam shaping systems and which has a more simple design, the interface (2, 2′) has a curved basic shape.

Abstract: This invention is a method of adjusting a reduction projection exposure device having a light source, an illumination optical system, and a reduction image-forming optical system.

Abstract: A stereoscopic image display apparatus has a light source for emitting patterned light in a predetermined shape, an optical system having horizontal optical action and vertical optical action different from each other, and a display device. The display device displays a stripe image obtained by alternating stripe pixels from a parallax image for the right eye and stripe pixels from a parallax image for the left eye in a predetermined order. The patterned light is provided with directivity by the optical system to irradiate the stripe image. The light is separated into two areas, so as to permit an observer to visually recognize the stripe image as a stereoscopic image. In the stereoscopic image display apparatus, a difference DH between a horizontal pitch Hi of the patterned light and a horizontal pixel pitch Hd of the display device is not less than a predetermined value.

Abstract: An upper portion and lower portion of a first lens array may be relatively offset from each other in an x direction. A second lens array is also offset correspondingly to the first lens array. Since an angle at which a partial light beam transmitted through the upper portions of the first and second lens arrays illuminates an area of illumination is different from an angle at which a partial light beam transmitted through the lower portions of the first and second lens arrays illuminates the area of illumination, dark lines generated by these partial light beams appear in different positions on a screen. With this arrangement, the dark lines resulting from the center line of a cross-dichroic prism are made less visible.

Abstract: An imaging device includes a lens array in which lenses are arranged in a line, the lenses being optically equivalent, a roof mirror array having roof mirrors arranged in a line parallel to a direction in which axes of the lenses of the lens array are arranged, and an aperture member having apertures arranged so as to correspond to the lenses of the lens array. The center of an interval between axes of adjacent lenses of the lens array corresponds to a ridge line of the roof mirror array, and wherein at least two roof mirrors are provided with respect to each of the lenses of the lens array.

Abstract: An image relay arrangement (20) for use with a curved CRT faceplate (11) to relay a picture to a position in front of the faceplate comprises a first, imaging, microlens array (22), a second, field, microlens array (23) and a third, re-imaging, microlens array (24) which are spaced from one another and have corresponding microlens elements (25, 26, 27). At least one of the first and third arrays is curved with its spacing from the adjacent array varying over its area related to the faceplate curvature. Through this arrangement, the picture at the curved faceplate can be imaged onto a plane where, for example, a lenticular screen is located enabling autostereoscopic displays to be produced.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a device for illumination of a screen, notably a liquid-crystal screen. It includes a light integrator that receives a light beam from a source and outputs an illuminating beam for the screen. The light integrator makes use of lenses, but has no lenses in the parts of the beam where the energy flux is weak, which enables more uniform illumination of the screen. To improve the contrast of the illumination of the liquid-crystal screen, the whole illuminating beam is directed onto the screen at an angle to the optical axis of the system. The invention is applicable to liquid-crystal screens.

Abstract: A lenticular polarization converter for polarizing a beam of unpolarized light is described. The polarization converter includes an input lenslet array, a polarizing stack, and an output lenslet array, all arranged sequentially and optically aligned. The input lenslet array has two major surfaces, the first of which has an array of curved surfaces to focus light and the second of which has alternating transmissive and reflective regions. The beam of light is focused by the input lenslets through the transmissive regions onto the polarizing stack. The polarizing stack transmits a first polarization component and reflects a second polarization component towards the reflective regions. The second polarization component is circularly polarized by the polarizing stack and is reflected by the reflective surfaces. The circularly polarized component passes again through the polarizing stack and is linearly polarized, allowing the component to pass through the polarizer.

Abstract: An upper portion and lower portion of a first lens array may be relatively offset from each other in an x direction. A second lens array is also offset correspondingly to the first lens array. Since an angle at which a partial light beam transmitted through the upper portions of the first and second lens arrays illuminates an area of illumination is different from an angle at which a partial light beam transmitted through the lower portions of the first and second lens arrays illuminates the area of illumination, dark lines generated by these partial light beams appear in different positions on a screen. With this arrangement, the dark lines resulting from the center line of a cross-dichroic prism are made less visible.

Abstract: There is disclosed a lens arrangement comprising: an input negative macro-lens array negative macro-lens aray; an output negative macro-lens aray disposed with its lenses arranged correspondingly to those of the input array, and between said input and output arrays a double convex microlens array.

Abstract: A stereoscopic image capture device of this invention includes: an image capturing face on which light from an object is incident; an optical element disposed on a side of the image capturing face on which the light is incident, the optical element converting an angle at which the light is incident thereon to a distance from an optical axis the optical element; and an afocal optical system including a plurality of lenses, wherein the afocal optical system forms, on the optical element, an image of the object formed on one of the plurality of lenses which is closest to the object.

Abstract: An optical device of the present invention includes an input aperture array formed with a plurality of input apertures at a preselected period of arrangement. An output aperture array is formed with a plurality of output apertures respectively facing the input apertures at a preselected period of arrangement. An aperture array intervenes between the input aperture array and the output aperture array and is formed with apertures respectively facing the input apertures and output apertures at a preselected period of arrangement. The aperture array satisfies the following two conditions:t2>T.multidot.(r+R)/(P+r-.rho.)t1<t2.multidot.(P-.rho.-r)/(P+.rho.-r)where T denotes a distance between the input aperture array and the output aperture array, r denotes the half-width of the input apertures, .rho.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a stereoscopic image display apparatus having light source means for emitting a light beam having a predetermined shape, a transmission type display device for displaying an image, a micro optical element arranged between the light source means and the display device and having different optical effects in horizontal and vertical directions, the micro optical element irradiating the light beam emitted by the light source means onto the display device by giving directivity to the light beam to split the light beam into at least two regions, and adjusting means for adjusting an interval between the light source means and the micro optical element in correspondence with an image displayed on the display device.

Abstract: There are disposed two homogenizers for controlling an irradiation energy density in the longitudinal direction of a laser light transformed into a linear one which is inputtted into the surface to be irradiated. Also, there is disposed one homogenizer for controlling an irradiation energy density in a width direction of the linear laser light. According to this, the uniformity of laser annealing can be improved by the minimum number of homogenizers.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for making microstructures. In one method, the resist layer is reversibly deformed during exposure. When the resist is flattened and developed after exposure, non-vertical features result that are not obtainable through other existing means. One application of this method is to make nested cones suitable for use as a highly efficient x-ray lens. In another disclosed method, "halftone" lithography is used to generate microstructures having features whose height may vary continuously. One application of this method is to make a novel telescope array, a thin film having telescopic magnification properties.

Abstract: An electrical device comprising an array of pixels has a plurality of panels 10, 20, 30, each having a respective sub-array of pixels 11. Each panel 10, 20, 30 is associated with an array 40 of lens elements 42, which may be associated with a group of one or more pixels of the sub-array. The lens elements 42 are arranged with a pitch which is greater than the pitch of the associated group of pixels, so that a diverging image is produced, enabling tiling of panels of an image sensor or of a display device.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device by emitting a laser beam from an excimer laser, modifying an energy distribution by passing the beam through a lateral flyeye lens followed by a vertical flyeye lens, condensing the laser beam in two perpendicular sections by two cylindrical lenses to give the beam a rectangular shape, where the longer side can be in excess of 10 cm, then scanning the beam with a single direction over a semiconductor device.

Abstract: Two polarization conversion element arrays are disclosed. Each polarization conversion element array is composed of a plurality of polarization conversion elements for converting light incident upon the polarization conversion element array to a linearly polarized light beam with a predetermined polarization direction. The plurality of polarization conversion elements are disposed opposite to each other with a predetermined space provided between at about the center of the light-outgoing surface of a lens array in the direction of arrangement. Of the light beams (s-polarized+p-polarized light beams) gathered by the lens array, light beam that is not incident upon the polarization conversion element and passes through the predetermined space is a light beam including a predetermined polarized light beam (s-polarized light beam) that is primarily made to leave the array 320a and an ineffective polarized light beam (p-polarized light beam).

Abstract: A stacked array magnifier (SAM) forms a magnified, demagnified or unit image of an object. The SAM includes one or more non-refractive lenslet arrays and one or more refractive lenslet arrays to form a plurality of lenslet channels. Each lenslet channel has at least one refractive lenslet and at least one non-refractive lenslet. SAMs are combined and tiled to form a scaleable display of flat panel displays. Multiple SAMs are used to increase magnification selectively. Hybrid lenslet arrays of the invention are also useable for optical processing and non-imaging applications.

Abstract: An indicator light for a motor vehicle includes a light source and a reflector, which directs light from the light source in a forward direction on a first screen having lines of optical elements, which converge the light beam received from the reflector on a second screen in front of the first screen. The second screen includes, through at least part of its thickness, colored bands and translucent bands which are arranged alternately with each other over the height of the screen. In the first screen, the lines of optical elements are separated from each other by opaque colored bands, which are aligned with the colored bands of the second screen.

Abstract: A display device for displaying an image has a light source; an image forming element array for forming images of irradiation light beams emitted from the light source; a display panel including two-dimensionally arrayed pixels defined as a unit for controlling an intensity of transmitted light beams; image displaying section which the transmitted light beams with the irradiation light beam intensity controlled; and a light distributing section for splitting and distributing the irradiation light beams to said image forming element array, disposed between the light source and the image forming element array. The light distributing section is realized by either one of a lens array consisting of a plurality of lenses, which splits the irradiation light beams according to the plurality of lenses and converges the split light beams or an ellipse mirror constructed of two or more different rotary elliptical surfaces.

Abstract: An imaging device includes a first focusing element on which rays from an object are incident, a second focusing element from which the rays are emitted toward an imaging surface, and a roof mirror having surfaces which are connected to each other at an angle of 90.degree. so that a ridge line is formed, the roof mirror being arranged so that the ridge line intersects optical axes of the first focusing element and the second focusing element at a position on a plane including the optical axes.

Abstract: A laser processing apparatus including a laser device for emitting a first laser beam having a first cross section having a length and a width and an optical system for modifying the first laser beam to produce a second laser beam having a virtual focus. The second laser beam has a second cross section of which length is larger than the length of the first cross section and is constant with propagation of the second laser beam. The apparatus further includes a condenser located after the virtual focus for focusing the second laser beam on a specimen to be treated, wherein said second laser beam is condensed in only a widthwise direction of the cross section, and device for moving the specimen along the widthwise direction. Specifically, laser processing apparatus may include a laser device, a vertical fly-eye lens for homogenizing an intensity along a lengthwise direction of the first cross section, a mirror for directing the laser beam and cylindrical convex lens.

Abstract: A lenticular lens sheet includes a substrate layer, a lens portion having a lenticular lens configuration which is shaped so as to be convex on a light incident face side of the substrate layer and an achromatic or chromatic colored layer formed adjacent to at least a light incident face of the lens portion. The substrate layer is not colored. Alternatively, it is colored thinner than the colored layer. With the arrangement, it is possible to restrict reflection of outside light and enhance the contrast of picture without reducing the intensity of image light so much. Further, it is possible to realize fine pitching of images.

Abstract: A picture display apparatus is provided with a display device having pixels disposed in a mosaic pattern. A plurality of optical filter surfaces are respectively placed between the display device and a viewer so that both surfaces can be overlapped with each other. Each pixel in the display device is diffracted or refracted by both surfaces to become a plurality of pixels. For each optical filter surface, an element for diffusion such as a diffraction grating and an element for refraction such as a prism can be utilized for the diffraction and refraction.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a zoom device which is built up of several lenses wherein at least one parallel entry beam is changed with respect to its diameter. The exit beam has the same optical axis as the entry beam. The zoom device of the invention is assembled from several zoom systems. The optical axes of the lenses of the different zoom systems are arranged so as to be mutually parallel or at least in a fixed spatial relationship so that in a beam made up of many individual beams the defined diameter remains constant because of the axes of the outer individual beams.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the illumination system for a scanner incorporates an excimer laser whose square beam is incident upon a two-dimensional array of lenses. The light exiting the array is made incident on a long focal length lens for creating nearly parallel rays. The combination of the array and the long focal length lens causes the resulting square beam at the focal plane of the long focal length lens to have a substantially uniform intensity across its area. An array of cylindrical lenses receives these nearly parallel rays. The light output of the cylindrical lens array is then made incident on a first positive lens whose focal length is longer than the distance between the cylindrical lens array and the first positive lens. A second positive lens is located of the focal plane of the first positive lens. This results in all light rays from the cylindrical lenses which have the same angle to be focused at the same point on the second positive lens.

Abstract: A scanning apparatus has a luminous flux deflector and a single f.theta. lens. The deflector deflects a convergent luminous flux on a scanned surface at a uniform angular velocity. The f.theta. lens is arranged between the deflector and the scanned surface. The f.theta. lens is bi-convex in a main scanning direction and is made of a material having a refractive index of at most 1.6. One surface of the f.theta. lens in a main scanning direction is so curved that a radius of curvature in the main scanning direction decreases as an angle of view in the main scanning direction increases.

Abstract: A lenslet array system includes (i) a first assembly including a field-limiting mask and a first lenslet array having an associated focal plane and (ii) a second assembly including a second lenslet array accepting light from the first assembly. The first lenslet array accepts a full field of view in excess of 20 degrees and forms a plurality of image sections of the associated object on an intermediate image plane which is substantially coplanar with the focal plane associated with the first lenslet array. The first lenslet array includes a plurality of positive power lenslets. Each of the plurality of lenslets has a focal length f.sub.1 of less than 15 mm and accepts a unique segment of the full field of view subtended by the associated object. These segments of the full field of view together comprise the full field of view, and each of said lenslets forms one image section corresponding to its segment of the full field of view.

Abstract: A diode laser source including a laser diode whose emitting element array or elements or subarray is divided into a plurality of concurrently driven laser segments. Beam filling and focusing optics are disposed in front of the segments so that light from the segments in each element or subarray converges to a single overlapping spot. The optics include a beam filling lens array collimating the light from the segments and either a single focusing lens or a second lens array focusing the collimated light to corresponding spots. In the case of a element laser diode array, each multi-segment element or subarray of the array is individually addressable so as to be driven independently from the other multi-elements array elements. The segmentation of laser elements improves laser life by reducing thermal gradients and isolating any local failures to a single segment, while separately focusing of the segments of each subarray to overlapping light spots increases the tolerance of the source to local failures.

Abstract: Picture display device (1) comprising an illumination system (3) provided with a light source (5) for generating a light beam. The device (1) also comprises a picture display panel (9) having a matrix of pixels (10) for modulating said light beam in conformity with picture information to be displayed. A first microlens array (13) having a plurality of first lenses (15) and a pitch .DELTA.w.sub.1 is present between the illumination system (3) and the picture display panel 9. A second microlens array (17) having a plurality of second lenses (19) and a pitch .DELTA.w.sub.2 is present between the first microlens array (13) and the picture display panel (9). The focal planes of the two microlens arrays coincide and .DELTA.w.sub.1 =.DELTA.w.sub.2 =.DELTA..sub.w applies to the pitches. The first lenses (15) have dimensions which are substantially equal to the dimensions of the second lenses (19).

Abstract: An improved particle lens has an axis that is shifted to follow the central ray of the beam as it is deflected through the lens creating, in effect, a variable curvilinear optical axis for the lens and introducing aberrations depending on the object size and the distance off the lens symmetry axis. These aberrations are corrected by a set of wire pairs perpendicular to the system axis to add a gradient of the z-component of the magnetic field by which aberrations are generated of the same type but opposite direction as those inherent in the system.

Abstract: In an integrator illumination type illumination optical system, the opening shapes of respective lenses at first and second lens array plates (surfaces) are made substantially conformable to the shape of an area to be illuminated and predetermined conditional expressions are satisfied, thereby securely improving the light utilization efficiency and reducing the fluctuation in illumination. The illumination optical system comprises a light source portion constituted by an emitter (1) and an ellipsoidal mirror reflector (3) which reflects, in the direction of an optical axis X, luminous fluxes (2) emitted from the emitter (1); a first lens array plate (4) which acts on the luminous fluxes (2) from the light source portion; a second lens array plate (5) which superposes the respective luminous fluxes from the first lens array plate (4) onto a liquid crystal panel (7) which is an object to be illuminated; and a convex lens (6).

Abstract: An optical apparatus having a first lens array consisted of a plurality of lens forming reduced image in reversed orientation, a second lens array consisted of a plurality of lens arranged at corresponding positions to the lens of the first lens array and forming erected equal magnification image from the reduced image by expanding the reduced image in the given magnification, and one or more light shielding film arranged between the first lens array and the second lens array and having through openings for passing light discharged from respective lens of the first lens array at positions corresponding to respective lens of the first lens array in opposition to respective lens for passing discharged light from respective lens of the first lens array.

Abstract: A fly-eye lens in accordance with the present invention comprises a plurality of lens elements which are arranged in two-dimensionally close contact with each other so as to connect light-entering and light-exit surfaces of the lens elements to each other, while at least three refractive surfaces with a predetermined refractive power are disposed between the light-entering and light-exit surfaces in each of the lens elements. Here, each of the plurality of lens elements has an identical focal length f and, concering a bundle of rays which enters each of the lens elements in parallel to its optical axis with a maximum incident height h.sub.max and then is emitted therefrom with an exit angle .theta..sub.max, substantially satisfies a conditional expression:h.sub.max =f.multidot.sin .theta..sub.maxAccordingly, the plurality of lens elements substantially satisfy a sine condition, whereby the fly-eye lens forms a perfect diffusing surface light source.

Abstract: A magnifying lens is arranged as follows: a two dimensional negative lens array composed of a plurality of negative lenses provided so that principal planes of the same are disposed on a same plane, and a two dimensional positive lens array composed of a plurality of positive lenses provided so that principal planes of the same are disposed on a same plane, are provided vis-a-vis so that each pair of corresponding negative and positive lenses and constitutes each compound lens. Each pair of the negative and positive lenses and constituting each compound lens is provided so that each straight line connecting respective principal points of each pair of negative and positive lenses intersects substantially at one point a predetermined distance away from the principal plane of the two-dimensional positive lens array.

Abstract: A lenslet array system for imaging an associated object onto a final image plane includes (i) a first lens assembly including a field limiting mask and a first lenslet array having an associated image plane and (ii) a second assembly including a second lenslet array accepting light from said first lenslet array. The first lenslet array accepts a full field of view in excess of 20 degrees and forms a plurality of image sections of the associated object on an intermediate image plane. The first lenslet array includes a plurality of positive power lenslets, each of the plurality of lenslets having a focal length f.sub.1 and accepting a unique segment of the full field of view subtended by the associated object. These segments of the full field of view together comprise the full field of view, and each of the lenslets forms one image section corresponding to its segment of the full view. The second lenslet array of the second assembly accepts light from said first assembly.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus includes a light source for emitting light including three primary color components; a condensing device for condensing light emitted by the light source; a luminous surface formation device for converging the light from the condensing device and dividing the converged light into color light rays respectively of the three primary colors to form color luminous surfaces respectively of the three primary colors; relay lenses respectively provided in the vicinity of the color luminous surfaces to receive the color light rays from the luminous surface formation device; a field lens for receiving the color light rays from the relay lenses; a first microlens array for receiving the color light rays from the field lens; and a second microlens array for receiving the color light rays from the first microlens array. The first microlens array includes a plurality of first microlenses arranged two-dimensionally.

Abstract: A security device includes an array of microimages which, when viewed through a corresponding array of substantially spherical microlenses, generates a magnified image. In some cases, the array of microlenses is bonded to the array of microimages.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a lens array according to the invention is presented wherein a first array of first lens-base elements is formed on a substrate with spacing therebetween. The first lens-base elements are heated so that the first lens-base elements melt to form first lenses having round surfaces. A separation layer is formed to cover the first lenses and the substrate. A second array of second lens-base elements is formed, the second lens-base elements being placed on a region where the first lenses are not formed so as to partly overlap with the first lenses. The second lens-base elements are also heated so that the second lens-base elements melt to form second lenses having round surfaces. The lens array comprises the substrate and the first and second lenses.

Abstract: A light exposure and illuminating device in which an outgoing light of an exposure light source is supplied to a light exposure section for illuminating an object to be exposed to light. A moving scattering medium scatters a laser beam outgoing from a laser light source. A light condenser lens condenses the laser beam scattered by the moving scattering medium to a laser beam of a suitable diameter. A plurality of prisms condense the laser light condensed by the light condenser lens as a rectangle of a suitable size on an incident surface of a fly-eye lens. The fly-eye lens uniforms the intensity distribution of the laser beam in cooperation with a folding lens. Another condenser lens radiates the laser beam uniformed in intensity distribution by the fly-eye lens and the firstly-stated condenser lens as a exposure illuminating light on a mask for light exposure on which a light exposure pattern is pre-formed.

Abstract: An image display apparatus, e.g., a head-mounted image display apparatus, which uses a compact optical system and yet has minimal aberrations and a large exit pupil diameter. An image displayed on a liquid crystal display device (2) is projected as an enlarged image in a user's eyeball by a convex lens (3). Prism arrays (13 and 14) having the same vertex angle are disposed in parallel to each other between the convex lens (3) and an exit pupil (6) so that the array directions coincide with each other. A parallel beam of light passed through the convex lens (3) has a pupil diameter (a) determined by the numerical aperture of an illumination system (1). The parallel beam first enters the prism array (13) and separates into light beams traveling in four different directions by the prism refracting action. These light beams then enter the prism array (14), which has the same vertex angle as that of the prism array (13). Consequently, the light beams are refracted again to become parallel to each other.

Abstract: An optical tap/coupler consists essentially of a two graded index lenses having a holographic beam splitter (HBS) in between. The HBS independent of polarization state and wavelength of an input light beam splits an incoming beam into at least two beams. The two beams are directed to two separate locations or ports at an end face of one of the graded index lenses thereby providing a main beam and a tap beam at an output of the device. The device is compact and can accommodate other optical components between the two graded index lenses.

Abstract: A lens system comprising an input lens array (11), an optical transmission microlens screen (12), and an output lens array (13), in which the lenses (11a) of the input array (11) correspond along an optical axis with corresponding lenses (13a) of the output array (13).

Abstract: An optical apparatus having a first lens array consisted of a plurality of lens forming reduced image in reversed orientation, a second lens array consisted of a plurality of lens arranged at corresponding positions to the lens of the first lens array and forming erected equal magnification image from the reduced image by expanding the reduced image in the given magnification, and one or more light shielding film arranged between the first lens array and the second lens array and having through openings for passing light discharged from respective lens of the first lens array at positions corresponding to respective lens of the first lens array in opposition to respective lens for passing discharged light from respective lens of the first lens array.