Abstract: An indication of a first energy detection threshold for a first clear channel assessment (CCA) can be received at a mobile device from a cell operating on an unlicensed carrier. The first energy detection threshold can be different than a second energy detection threshold for a second CCA at a network entity of the cell. A determination can be made as to whether the unlicensed carrier is occupied based upon the first CCA and the received first energy detection threshold. A data packet can be communicated between the mobile device and the cell when the unlicensed carrier is not otherwise occupied.

Abstract: Systems, apparatuses, and methods are described for wireless communications. A first base station may receive, from a second base station, parameters for a cell of the second base station. A handover to a selected uplink, of a plurality of uplinks of the cell, may be performed based on a threshold value associated with uplink selection among the plurality of uplinks and a measurement associated with a signal of the cell.

Abstract: The present application discloses a data transmission method, including: receiving a screen mirroring request from a screen mirroring terminal device, and establishing an audio and video data connection channel with the screen mirroring terminal device; obtaining audio and video data through the audio and video data connection channel and playing the audio and video data; monitoring a network status of the audio and video data connection channel; and when the network status deteriorates, selecting a transmission mode from preset transmission strategies corresponding to an indicator value of the network status and performing the transmission mode.

Abstract: A base station device may include a memory configured to store instructions and a processor configured to execute the instructions to obtain one or more radio signal quality parameter values associated with a user equipment (UE) device and determine a channel quality class associated with the UE device based on the obtained one or more radio signal quality parameter values using a machine learning model. The processor may be further configured to identify an application data stream associated with the UE device, select an application bandwidth for the application data stream based on the determined channel quality class, and send application data associated with the application data stream to the UE device based on the selected application bandwidth.

Abstract: A group of devices connected on a wireless local area network (WLAN) operate in conjunction with one another to present content. Devices in the group may be wirelessly connected via personal area network (PAN) to other devices, such as speakers. An election process is used to select a primary device. The primary device may receive content from an external source, such as a server, and distribute that content to other devices within the group via the WLAN. The parameters of that distribution, such as a content rate indicative of a bitrate of the content, transfer limit rate, and so forth are configured to preserve fidelity of the presentation while minimizing interruptions to presentation that may result due to frequency contention between the WLAN and the PAN, traffic on the WLAN, and so forth.

Abstract: Disclosed in an embodiment of the present application are a method and device for determining whether data is damaged, the method comprising: a terminal receiving a downlink control channel which is used for scheduling retransmission; according to the downlink control channel, the terminal determining whether damaged data is present during N previous transmissions of a retransmitted data packet, which are scheduled by the downlink control channel, N being an integer greater than or equal to 1; hence, the terminal receives the downlink control channel which is used for scheduling retransmission, and determines, according to the downlink control channel, whether damaged data is present during the N previous transmissions of the retransmitted data packet, which are scheduled by the downlink control channel, thereby improving transmission performance.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods and apparatuses for wireless communications. In some implementations, a first wireless communication device associated with a basic service set (BSS) receives a plurality of packets transmitted during a measurement window by a second wireless communication device associated with the BSS. The first wireless communication device determines a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) value of the plurality of received packets, determines a level of overlapping basic service set (OBSS) interference on the wireless medium during the measurement window, and adjusts one or more of a packet detect (PD) threshold, an OBSS PD threshold, or an energy detect (ED) threshold based on the determined RSSI value and the level of OBSS interference.

Abstract: A consumption meter (M1) arranged to determine a consumed quantity of a utility at the consumer site. The meter (M1) has a communication unit with a transmitter and a receiver arranged for communication via a network, preferably an RF network. The meter can autonomously transmit data frames (DF) in accordance with a set of transmission parameters, e.g. data frames with data indicative of a consumed quantity. The meter can receive, within a limited time window (TW) following transmission of said data frame (DF), an acknowledgement frame comprising link data indicative of receipt of said data frame by an associated collector which has received the data frame (DF). Finally, the meter can adjust the set of transmission parameters for transmission of a subsequent data frame (DF) in response to said link data.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for wireless communications are described. In an aspect, a method and apparatus may include determining that a second transmission is decoded incorrectly in response to a first received indication on a communication channel. The method and apparatus may further include transmitting, on the communication channel, a third transmission and a fourth transmission based on a determination that the second transmission is decoded incorrectly, wherein the third transmission corresponds to a coded bit set of the third transmission including a first group of information bits of a coded bit set of a first transmission and a second group of information bits of a coded bit set of the second transmission and the fourth transmission corresponds to a coded bit set of the fourth transmission including a combination of the coded bit sets of the first transmission, the second transmission, and the third transmission.

Abstract: This application provides example uplink carrier handover methods, network devices, and terminal devices. One example method includes obtaining, by a network device, target measurement information, where the network device communicates with a terminal device in a current cell by using a first uplink carrier and a second uplink carrier. The network device can then determine, based on the target measurement information, whether the terminal device needs to be handed over from the first uplink carrier to the second uplink carrier. In response to determining that the terminal device needs to be handed over from the first uplink carrier to the second uplink carrier, the network device can send handover instruction information to the terminal device.

Abstract: A method, system, and computer readable medium for encoding one or more input digital frames with obscured negative regions of interest. The method comprising, comparing frame data to mask data for one or more sections of an input digital frame to determine whether or not a given section of the input digital frame is to be obscured, setting one or more encoding parameters to values that result in corresponding obscured sections when decoded after encoding for each section of the frame that is to be obscured, encoding the one or more sections of the input digital frame to generate corresponding encoded frame data and storing or transmitting the encoded frame data.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods concerning simulation of call quality are disclosed. In an example embodiment, computing server is communicatively coupled to a server. The computing server includes a communication circuit configured to receive a first set of data including audio of a call routed by the server. The computing server also includes a processing circuit configured to characterize a post-transmission quality state of the first set of data. The processing circuit is also configured to generate a second set of data including audio that is different from the audio of the call and data including characteristics indicative of the post-transmission quality state of a first set of data. The processing circuitry may configured to use the second set of data to provide security, protect the confidentiality and privacy, and/or monitor changes of behavior/quality for different audio CODECs, encryption, bit-rate, etc.

Abstract: A method of operating at least one node in a communication network that uses a shared communication medium has been developed to reduce or eliminate timing side-channel attacks performed by an adversary that is connected to the shared communication medium. The method includes generating, with a controller in a first node, a first jitter time offset randomly generated from within a predetermined time range, and transmitting, with a transceiver in the first node, a first data bit through an output of the transceiver that is connected to a shared communication medium, the first data bit being transmitted at a first time corresponding to the first jitter time offset added to a first predetermined transmission time.

Abstract: A method, an apparatus, and a computer program product for wireless communication are provided. An eNB determines a CCA parameter for use by a UE in performing a CCA procedure for UL transmission and transmits an indication of the CCA parameter to the UE. The UE receives an indication of the CCA parameter for UL transmission from the eNB and performs the CCA procedure for UL transmission using the indicated CCA parameter. The UE may transmit to the eNB prior to receiving the indication of the CCA parameter. The eNB may use the report in determining the CCA parameter for use by the UE.

Abstract: In a conventional system with a UFS storage device connected to a UFS host over one or more lanes, the lanes can support different transmission speeds, referred to as gears. The UFS host shifts lanes and gears based on the type of request it receives. When the requests arrive in random order of gear requirements, the frequent shifting of the lanes and gears causes significant power consumption. To address this issue, it is proposed to implement a queue-based shifting in which arriving requests may be queued based on their gear requirements. When a queue is selected, multiple requests in the selected queue, which are all of same or similar gear requirement, can be served. This can reduce the frequency of gear shifting, and hence reduce power consumption.

Abstract: An eye diagram observation device is provided. The eye diagram observation device includes an eye diagram determination circuit and a clock generator. The eye diagram determination circuit obtains an eye diagram corresponding to an input signal pair based on a delayed sampling clock. The clock generator includes a voltage to time converter (VTC). The VTC generates a delayed clock based on a voltage value of an input voltage. The clock generator generates the delayed sampling clock based on the delayed clock. The eye diagram observation device may reduce power consumption and a layout area via the VTC.

Abstract: A terminal capable of reducing the resource regions in an uplink component band without increasing signaling even if a plurality of acknowledgment signals to downlink data transmitted respectively in a plurality of downlink component bands are transmitted from one uplink component band.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for managing reuse of a wireless medium are provided. One method of managing reuse of a wireless medium includes determining, at an access point, whether to allow reuse of the wireless medium by one or more stations in a basic service set (BSS). The method further includes transmitting, upon determining to allow reuse, an indication that reuse of the wireless medium can be permitted for stations meeting a criteria. The method further includes determining one or more reuse parameters. The method further includes transmitting the one or more reuse parameters.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method and system for dynamic channel allocation among plurality of Base Transceiver Stations (BTSs) in Long-Range Land-to-Sea (LRLS) wireless network. The method comprises configuring plurality of channels, having non-overlapping frequencies, to plurality of BTSs, and obtaining channel quality parameters related to each channel. Subsequently, an Aggregate Weighted Signal-to-Interference Noise Ratio (AWSINR) metrics and a throughput value for each of plurality of BTSs is determined based on the channel quality parameters. Finally, an optimal channel is identified among plurality of channels for allocating to each of plurality of BTSs based on the AWSINR metrics or the throughput value. In an embodiment, the present disclosure helps in eliminating interference in the LRLS wireless network, thereby optimizing network throughput and enhancing Quality of Experience to end users.

Abstract: A method of serving a given data stream to a target mobile terminal, in a cellular communications network that includes a plurality of transmitting sites wherein each transmitting site including at least one antenna, is provided. The method includes designating at least two of the plurality of transmitting sites as cooperating sites; assigning tones to each transmitting site from a sub-band associated with the cooperating sites; dividing the data stream into at least two sub-data streams, each of the sub-data streams for transmission over selected tones; and interlacing tones of the cooperating sites in accordance with a selected one of a time switching and a frequency switching transmit diversity technique. Other techniques for multi-site MIMO cooperation are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for controlling the power of a terminal in device-to-device (D2D) communication and, particularly, to a device and a method for supporting Type 1 discovery or Mode 2 D2D communication. The present invention relates to a method for controlling the transmission power of a terminal performing D2D communication, and the terminal, the method comprising the steps of: selecting an arbitrary resource in a discovery period for D2D resource selection; determining whether the selected resource satisfies a preset transmission power control condition; and transmitting information for the D2D communication through the selected resource, by using the power determined according to the determination result. The present disclosure relates to a communication scheme for fusing IoT technology with a 5G communication system for supporting a data rate higher than that of a 4G system and subsequent systems thereafter.

Abstract: A base station can prevent deterioration of data channel application control accuracy due to influence of transmission power control to a control channel. In the base station, each encoding section performs encoding processing to an SCCH (Shared Control Channel) of each mobile station, each modulating section performs modulation processing to the encoded SCCH, an arranging section arranges the SCCH to each mobile station to one of a plurality of subcarriers which configure an OFDM symbol, and transmission power control section controls transmission power of the SCCH based on reception quality information reported from each mobile station. The arranging section arranges a plurality of the SCCH to be under transmission power control to one of the subcarriers so that combinations at resource blocks are the same.

Abstract: Example embodiments herein provide methods and Dual SIM Dual Standby (DSDS) devices including a first Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) and a second SIM for managing data communication. The methods include establishing, by the DSDS device, a Radio Resource Control (RRC) connection over the first SIM and performing data communication with a network entity. Further, the methods include detecting, by the DSDS device, an activity upcoming over the second SIM. Further, the methods include transmitting, by the DSDS device, a connection suspend indication to the network entity to suspend the data communication over the first SIM, wherein the connection suspend indication is transmitted on one of a Layer-1 control signaling channel, a Layer-2 control signaling channel, and a Layer-3 control signaling channel.

Abstract: A method operates a signal coupling device. The signal coupling device contains at least one signal branch section which is or can be connected to a terminal-side interface of the signal coupling device using signaling. At least one signal property of a signal applied to the at least one signal branch section is determined. A signal type is determined on the basis of the at least one signal property. A time duplexing signal or a frequency duplexing signal is determined as the signal type. A signal-type-specific connection is established between the terminal-side interface and an antenna-side interface of the signal coupling device.

Abstract: A system that incorporates aspects of the subject disclosure may perform operations including, for example, monitoring performance parameters in a communications network, identifying a degradation in performance of one or more nodes of the communications network according the monitored performance parameters, and initiating corrective action to mitigate the degradation in performance of the one or more nodes of the communications network. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Various aspects of the disclosure relate to communicating uplink control information. As one example, a user equipment may send uplink control information to a base station. In some aspects, the number of symbols used to communicate the uplink control information may be based on a link gain associated with the UE and/or based on a payload size of the uplink control information. As another example, the user equipment may send channel information for a number of beams to the base station. In some aspects, the number of beams may be based on the type of channel that is used to send the uplink control information.

Abstract: A content streaming apparatus that includes a gateway streaming manager which determines whether a client device has roamed out of a wireless zone of the content streaming apparatus into a wireless zone of another content streaming apparatus, and when the client device has roamed, sends a tuner reservation instruction to the other content streaming apparatus to instruct the other content streaming apparatus to reserve a tuner in advance of a transfer of the streaming session. The gateway streaming manager receives a tuner reservation confirmation from the other content streaming apparatus, and sends an alternate streaming notification to the client device. The gateway streaming manager receives an alternate streaming acceptance from the client device, and ends the streaming session between the content streaming apparatus and the client device when the alternate streaming acceptance is received.

Abstract: Provided is a terminal device including an acquisition unit configured to acquire a result of determination of whether another terminal device that has a function for short range wireless communication is positioned near the terminal device and a control unit configured to, on the basis of the result of the determination, control a time interval of polling related to the short range wireless communication.

Abstract: A synchronising assisting device (14) sends an adjustment value (AV) to a mobile station (12) for use when synchronising to a resource employed by the target cell (17), where the adjustment value (AV) is an estimate of the change in timing required to synchronise to a reference signal interval of the resource, and processes the adjustment value (AV) if an indication (IATC) of the actual change in timing required for synchronizing to the reference signal interval is received from the mobile station. The mobile station receives the adjustment value (AV), synchronises to the resource starting at a starting point set by the adjustment value (AV), detects a pilot signal in the reference signal interval, determines an actual change in timing required for synchronising to the reference signal interval, investigates the difference and sends an indication (IATC) of the required actual change in timing to the synchronising assisting device (14).

Abstract: A non-transitory computer readable storage medium has instructions executed by a processor to access a list of Wi-Fi networks available to a user device. User network activity is classified. It is determined that there is a new Wi-Fi network for the user device to initiate a connection attempt. In the event of an existing licensed spectrum wireless network data connection on the user device, licensed spectrum wireless network data connection analytics are collected and an attempt is made to transition to the new Wi-Fi network to produce either a failed transition to the new Wi-Fi network or a successful transition to the new Wi-Fi network. In the event of an existing Wi-Fi network collection on the user device or a successful transition to the new Wi-Fi network, available Wi-Fi networks are periodically assessed to establish one of a network unavailable state and a network available state.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure provide apparatus and techniques that may be applied in systems for improving reliability of cell selection to ensure that a UE is capable of transmitting on the uplink in addition to receiving on the downlink upon mobility An exemplary method, performed by a user equipment (UE), generally includes receiving reference signals from one or more transmission reception points (TRPs) in a wireless communications network, pre-selecting, based on the received reference signals, a first TRP, of the one or more TRPs, from which to receive wireless service, transmitting an uplink (UL) signal to the first TRP, receiving, from the first TRP, feedback comprising information about the UL signal, and determining, based at least in part on the feedback, to select the first TRP from which to receive the wireless service.

Abstract: A method operates a signal coupling device. The signal coupling device contains at least one signal branch section which is or can be connected to a terminal-side interface of the signal coupling device using signaling. At least one signal property of a signal applied to the at least one signal branch section is determined. A signal type is determined on the basis of the at least one signal property. A time duplexing signal or a frequency duplexing signal is determined as the signal type. A signal-type-specific connection is established between the terminal-side interface and an antenna-side interface of the signal coupling device.

Abstract: A method for configuring a ZeroCorrelationZoneConfig (Ncs) parameter of a base station is provided. The method comprises determining a count of timing synchronization failures between a mobile device and the base station. The method comprises upon determining that the count of timing synchronization failures satisfies a threshold, dynamically configuring an Ncs parameter. The method further comprises detecting an occurrence of a timing synchronization failure. The detecting the occurrence of the timing synchronization failure comprises receiving a first message comprising a preamble, generating a preamble identification (ID) for the received preamble, transmitting a second message comprising the preamble ID, and upon transmission of the second message, detecting a non-receipt of a third message.

Abstract: Exemplary systems, methods, and apparatuses may direct an application processor of an embedded computing device to: detect an operational mode selection command received from an application being executed by the application processor, the operational mode selection command selecting, from a plurality of operational modes, an operational mode of the application; determine connection statuses of a plurality of wireless network interfaces of the embedded computing device; determine, in accordance with a wireless network configuration optimization heuristic, and based on the detected operational mode selection command and the determined connection statuses of the plurality of wireless network interfaces, a state configuration for the plurality of wireless network interfaces; and direct the plurality of wireless network interfaces to operate in accordance with the state configuration.

Abstract: A short-range wireless communication apparatus includes a contactless communicator, a short-range wireless communicator, a power detector for detecting a power-on state and a power-off state, and a controller for registering the mobile terminal establishing contactless communication upon determining that the contactless communication is established between the mobile terminal and the contactless communicator, and for permitting connection of the short-range wireless communication between the short-range wireless communicator and the mobile terminal until determining that the short-range wireless communication becomes unconnectable. When the power detector detects that the power-on state is changed to the power-off state and the power-off state is then changed to the power-on state, the controller causes the short-range wireless communicator to search for the registered mobile terminal. When the search is unsuccessful, the controller unregisters the mobile terminal for which the search is unsuccessful.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to operating multiple single-input single-output beamform links. An example method includes determining strengths of a first wireless link between a first transmission sector and a first receiver sector and a second wireless link between a second transmission sector and a second receiver sector, determining whether the first and second wireless links is busy or idle, selecting an idle wireless link of the plurality of wireless links based on the strengths of the first and second wireless links that are idle, and establishing a transmission connection with the selected idle wireless link.

Abstract: A wireless communication system for use in a process environment uses mesh and possibly a combination of mesh and point-to-point communications to produce a wireless communication network that can be easily set up, configured, changed and monitored, thereby making a wireless communication network that is less expensive, and more robust and reliable. The wireless communication system allows virtual communication paths to be established and used within the process control system in a manner that is independent of the manner in which the wireless signals are sent between different wireless transmitting and receiving devices within the process plant. Still further, communication analysis tools are provided to enable a user or operator to view the operation of the wireless communication network to thereby analyze the ongoing operation of the wireless communications within the wireless communication network.

Abstract: Methods, systems, apparatuses, and devices are described for wireless communications. In one method, an opportunity may be identified for a first operator to perform a clear channel assessment (CCA) for a shared spectrum. The opportunity may be based on a priority of the first operator with respect to at least one other operator associated with the shared spectrum. The CCA may be performed for the shared spectrum during the identified opportunity to determine whether the shared spectrum is available for a transmission during a transmission interval.

Abstract: A base station can prevent deterioration of data channel application control accuracy due to influence of transmission power control to a control channel. In the base station, each encoding section performs encoding processing to an SCCH (Shared Control Channel) of each mobile station, each modulating section performs modulation processing to the encoded SCCH, an arranging section arranges the SCCH to each mobile station to one of a plurality of subcarriers which configure an OFDM symbol, and transmission power control section controls transmission power of the SCCH based on reception quality information reported from each mobile station. The arranging section arranges a plurality of the SCCH to be under transmission power control to one of the subcarriers so that combinations at resource blocks are the same.

Abstract: A multicarrier modem has a plurality of carriers over which data is transmitted. By assigning, foe example, one or more different margins to the individual carriers the data rate and impairment immunity can be increased.

Abstract: Embodiments provide a repair method for missing detection of a control channel and relate to the field of communications. The method includes detecting whether a user equipment misses detecting a physical downlink control channel. After it is detected that the user equipment misses detecting the physical downlink control channel, a repair is performed using a repair policy.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for selecting samples for secondary synchronization signal (SSS) detection are described. Several alternatives are provided for efficient cell identifier detection. In a first alternative, multiple bursts of a signal received from a cell are sampled with non-uniform spacing between sampling intervals to determine a sequence for cell identification. In a second alternative, samples of a first and a second signal received from a stronger cell are cancelled, and a sequence for detecting a weaker cell is determined by reducing effects of the samples of a third signal received from the weaker cell which do not overlap with the primary synchronization signal (PSS) or SSS of the stronger cell. In a third alternative, a sequence for detecting a weaker cell is determined by reducing effects of any sampled bursts that correspond to a high transmission power portion of a signal from a stronger cell.

Abstract: An efficient method for providing both dedicated and simulcast services over a common wireless infrastructure is described. The services can be available to a single terminal as well as to a multiplicity of terminals simultaneously. The method uses time division multiplexing and orthogonal frequency division multiple access for simulcasting information and transmitting dedicated message information from a plurality of base stations forming a cellular pattern over the same wireless frequency channel. The method comprises the steps of constructing frames for transmission by the plurality of base stations comprising control information, simulcast information and dedicated message information within predetermined time slots of the frames and allocating the simulcast information and the dedicated message information to time slots of the same frame predetermined by the control information of the frame. The underlying modulation technology used is OFDM and thereby the channel delay-dispersion is minimized.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are described herein for adapting clear channel assessment (CCA) thresholds with or without Transmit Power Control (TPC) are disclosed. An IEEE 802.11 station (STA) may dynamically calculate a STA specific transmit power control (TPC) value and a STA specific clear channel assessment (CCA) value based on a target TPC parameter and a target CCA parameter. The target TPC parameter and the target CCA parameter may be received from an IEEE 802.11 cluster head configured to control TPC and CCA for a plurality of STAs associated with the BSS. The target TPC parameter and the target CCA parameter also may be related. The STA may then determine whether a carrier sense multiple access (CSMA) wireless medium of a wireless local area network (WLAN) basic service set (BSS) is occupied or idle based on the STA specific CCA value.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for controlling a wireless network connection are provided. The method includes detecting a signal strength in a connected wireless network, determining whether the detected signal strength is greater than a first threshold, if the detected signal strength is not greater than the first threshold determining whether an error occurs at least once in data transmission through the connected wireless network, and controlling a connection state of the connected wireless network according to a result of the error determination.

Abstract: A UE may use a same antenna for both Bluetooth communications and WWAN cell search and measurement operations. In order to avoid interference, the UE may adjust the periodicity of the WWAN cell search and measurement operations. Adjustment of the WWAN cell search and measurement periodicity may be based on a link quality of the Bluetooth communications.

Abstract: A method for generating a physical layer (PHY) data unit for transmission via a communication channel is described where the PHY data unit conforms to a first communication protocol. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols for a data field of the PHY data unit are generated according to a range extension coding scheme that corresponds to a range extension mode of the first communication protocol. A preamble of the PHY data unit is generated, the preamble having i) a first portion that indicates a duration of the PHY data unit and ii) a second portion that indicates whether at least some OFDM symbols of the data field are generated according to the range extension coding scheme.

Abstract: Various aspects of the disclosure provide a method of operating a user equipment (UE) to determine and report a throughput enhancing channel quality indicator (CQI) value when a physical channel between the UE and a base station is temporally uncorrelated. Reporting such CQI value may maximize the throughput of the channel when it remains temporally uncorrelated. In one aspect of the disclosure, the UE communicates with a base station utilizing a channel and determines that the channel is temporally uncorrelated. The UE further determines a plurality of CQIs in a first CQI reporting mode and computes the respective throughputs of the channel based on the plurality of CQIs. In addition, the UE selects a CQI of the plurality of CQIs corresponding to the highest throughput among the plurality of throughputs, and reports the selected CQI to the base station in a second CQI reporting mode while the channel remains temporally uncorrelated.

Abstract: The architecture of the high-speed shared service provides a Node B yielding various sets of information that answer a set of basic questions that a data service needs. Many potential measurements the Node B can make are provided to the RNC to enable a resource manager to perform certain functions and which can be used to answer the set of basic questions.

Abstract: A new device is deployed to an area in which a network is provided. The new device may join the network using a single handshake via a neighboring device that is a member of the network and register with a network management system managing the network. If the network is overloaded or has limited bandwidth remaining, the network may refuse to admit the new device, or if the new device is isolated, may force some devices that are members of the network to leave or migrate from the network to allow the isolated device to join the network.