Abstract: Systems and techniques relating to wireless communications are described. A described technique includes generating a physical frame and causing a transmission of the physical frame to the wireless communication device. The physical frame includes (i) one or more medium access control data units that encapsulate data for a wireless communication device, (ii) a medium access control layer pad that includes one or more padding delimiters, and (iii) a physical layer pad, wherein a length of the medium access control layer pad and a length of the physical layer pad are based on the physical frame. The one or more padding delimiters can include an end-of-frame flag to inform the wireless communication device to stop receiving a remaining portion of the physical frame.

Abstract: A method of assuring QoS in consideration of fairness in a contention-based wireless network and a terminal for the same are provided. When a token is allocated by a wireless access point, the terminal determines priority of a data frame which the terminal intends to use in communication, through a scheme of splitting the allocated token. Therefore, fairness can be assured by selection of the terminal.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose an integrated circuit and a method for monitoring a bus status in the integrated circuit. Multiple status detectors and a top layer monitor are disposed in the integrated circuit. Each status detector in the multiple status detectors is used to read status data on a branch bus that is coupled to each status detector in the multiple status detectors, and then the top layer monitor collects the status data from each status detector, and outputs the status data through an interface.

Abstract: Various embodiments of inter-medium bridging are provided. In one aspect, a method may involve an inter-medium bridging device bridging between a plurality of mediums of a network connected to the first inter-medium bridging device at the Data Link Layer of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model. The plurality of mediums may comprise at least a first medium and a second medium that comprise separate communications channels. The method may also involve the inter-medium bridging device facilitating communications between an external device and the network through an application interface of the first inter-medium bridging device.

Abstract: A wireless combination (combo) device is coupled to an antenna for communicating via a first wireless network over a first band. A packet aggregator is coupled to the first wireless transceiver configures a frame aggregated packet for at least a portion of activities on the first wireless network. The frame aggregated packet includes a plurality of data packets and a dummy packet or spoofing so that said frame aggregated packet is extended in time or indicates an extension sufficient to overlap a Tx time interval or Rx time interval for communications occurring over a second wireless network. The first wireless network and said second wireless network are overlapping networks.

Abstract: This disclosures describes a legacy converter and controller 600 for an audio video distribution system 20. The legacy converter and controller 600 includes the following: a network controller 620, a network interface 610, an audio format converter 621, an analog to digital converter (ADC), a legacy controller 624, a legacy audio network interface 625 that couples the legacy sources 500 to the legacy controller 624, and a legacy control network interface 625 that couples the legacy control network 700 to the legacy controller 624.

Abstract: A method of enabling a user equipment to perform a contention based random access, includes maintaining a set of non-dedicated random access preambles for contention-free random access and a set dedicated random access preambles for contention-based random access. The method also includes determining a random access preamble identifier and transmitting a message to the user equipment containing the determined random access preamble identifier. Additionally, the method includes receiving from the user equipment a non-dedicated random access preamble that is selected by the user equipment based on the random access preamble identifier comprised in the transmitted message.

Abstract: A plurality of MAC/PHY stacks is adapted to support wireless devices. A superframe structure includes a preamble and a superframe initialization header.

Abstract: A method for pre-accessing a conference telephone is disclosed in the present invention. The method includes that: a network side detects a received call whose target is a main control party after the main control party initiates an encryption conference telephone; the call is not accessed if the call is a non-encryption conversation; the call is allowed to be accessed if the call is an encryption conversation. A system for pre-accessing a conference telephone is also disclosed in the present invention, wherein, the system includes a pre-accessing processing unit and a call type detection unit of the network side. A network side device is also disclosed in the present invention. The present invention realizes the pre-accessing of the encryption conference telephone, thereby improving security of the encryption conversation as well as avoiding the problem that a user is frequently affected when performing the encryption conference telephone.

Abstract: A wireless client device is associated with an access point in an association having a value for a listen interval parameter. The wireless client device determines, according to predefined considerations, a different value for the listen interval parameter, and declares the different value for the listen interval parameter in a wireless transmission to the access point. The listen interval parameter specifies a number of beacon intervals that can pass from a time the wireless client device listens for a beacon frame from the access point before the wireless client device listens for a next beacon frame from the access point.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for a network having a controller (102) and network devices (104) coupled thereto and having both wideband and narrowband signaling. The controller (102) determines one or more narrowbands in a frequency band associated with a wideband network and selects the narrowband(s) as silent bands where one or more network devices (104) are not to transmit wideband signals.

Abstract: A data processing apparatus includes multiple processing means that are connected in a ring shape via corresponding communication means respectively. Each communication means includes a reception means for receiving data from a previous communication means, and a transmission means for transmitting data to a next communication means. Connection information is assigned to each of the reception means and the transmission means. The communication means, when receiving a packet that has same connection information as one assigned to its reception means, causes the corresponding processing means to perform data processing on the packet, sets the connection information assigned to its transmission means to the packet, and transmits the packet to the next communication means, and when receiving a packet that has connection information that is not same as one assigned to its reception means, transmits the packet to the next communication means without changing the connection information of the packet.

Abstract: Method and system for configuring a device that has failed to obtain a network address. In one aspect of the invention, a method for remotely configuring a device includes attempting to obtain a network address from a network server over a network, and receiving a valid network address over the network from a remote device connected to the network in response to failing to obtain the network address from the network server.

Abstract: The present document relates to a wireless device in a digital cellular telecommunications network. For example, the present document relates to the request of an access channel from a wireless device to a base station of the digital cellular telecommunications network. Example methods for controlling one or more transmissions between a wireless device and a base station are described. The one or more transmissions include at least an initial transmission. One example method comprises determining the quality of a radio uplink between the wireless device and the base station, the quality being based on at least one parameter associated with a previous transmission; setting a control parameter for controlling the transmission between the wireless device and the base station based on the determined quality of the radio uplink; and transmitting the initial transmission.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide signaling mechanisms for wireless networks composed of a large number of stations.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are apparatus, methods, and systems for assessing the life span of a product and/or system—particularly with respect to end-of-life conditions which are defined by a customer, owner, operator, or other person(s) associated with the product and/or system—and communicating the assessment to said customer, owner, operator, or other person(s). According to one aspect, end-of-life conditions are defined in terms of product life (e.g., anything that relates to how well and how long the product/system operates) and/or economic life (e.g., anything that relates to the cost of deriving a benefit from the product/system). In one particular example, the products or systems relate to lighting systems, particularly those utilizing LED (or other solid-state) light sources.

Abstract: Systems and methods for application profiles and device classes in power line communications (PLCs) are described. In some embodiments, a PLC device may include a processor and a memory coupled to the processor. The memory may be configured to store program instructions, which may be executable by the processor to cause the PLC device to communicate with a higher-level PLC apparatus over a power line using a frequency band. The frequency band may be selected based upon an application profile and/or a device class associated with the PLC device. In some implementations, the higher-level PLC apparatus may include a PLC gateway or a data concentrator, and the PLC device may include a PLC modem or the like. Examples of application profiles include access communications, in-premises connectivity, AC charging, and/or DC charging. Device classes may represent a minimum communication data rate and/or an operating frequency band restriction of the PLC device.

Abstract: Embodiments of methods and systems for overlapping priority contention windows in G3-PLC networks are presented. In one embodiment, a Normal Priority Contention Window (NPCW) is allowed to overlap with a High Priority Contention Window (HPCW). The minimum contention window for the normal priority frames (i.e., NPCW) is equal to or longer than the contention window for high priority frames (i.e., HPCW). By making the NPCW longer than the HPCW, the high priority frames will have a better chance than normal priority frames to get access to the channel on transmission reattempts.

Abstract: Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatus for utilizing a physical layer (PHY) header comprising an identifier for an access point (AP) or a Basic Service Set (BSS). A station (STA) that is assigned an order in a sequential response sequence may count only frames with PHY headers that contain the correct identifier. A STA may terminate its sequential access procedure when it receives a frame with a PHY header that specifies a different identifier for the AP or BSS that assigned the sequence. In this manner, the STA may prevent partly synchronizing to an overlapping network and avoid accessing the wireless medium at the wrong time.

Abstract: An apparatus for wireless communications, including a processing system configured to receive requests for a spatial division multiplexed transmission from a plurality of nodes over a multiple access medium; and initiate the spatial division multiplexed transmission based on a metric related to one or more of the nodes, is disclosed. Another apparatus for wireless communications, including a processing system configured to generate data belonging to an access class having contention parameters; and precode at least a portion of the data for transmission over a spatial stream and enter into post backoff following the spatial stream transmission, is also disclosed. Methods for using the apparatuses are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for providing telephony services in a distributed VoIP system includes determining that a first switch is unable to communicate with a first server, where the first switch is configured to provide telephony services to a first plurality of communication devices, and the first server is configured to provide applications and data associated with the first plurality of communication devices to the first switch. The method also includes sending an adoption request from the first switch to a second server, where the second server is configured to provide applications and data associated with a second plurality of communication devices to a second switch and also configured to provide the applications and data associated with the first plurality of communication devices to the first switch. The method also includes receiving at the first switch the applications and data associated with the first plurality of communication devices from the second server.

Abstract: A method for transmitting data from within a wired communication system is disclosed. A first network-enabled device can select one of a plurality of communication mediums for transmitting the data stream to the second device and transmit the data stream to the second device using the selected communication medium. The first device determines that the transmission of the data stream using the selected communication medium is being interfered with by transmission of other data from the first device to a third device on another of the plurality of communication mediums. In response to determining that the transmission of the data stream to the second device on the selected communication medium is being interfered with by the transmission of the other data to the third device using the other communication medium, the first device turns off the transmission of the other data to the third device on the other communication medium.

Abstract: A method and device for performing contention resolution between a mobile communication terminal and a base station. The method according to an embodiment includes initiating a random access procedure by a medium access control (MAC) layer of the mobile communication terminal, including starting a contention resolution timer; and stopping the contention resolution timer and determining that the random access procedure was successfully completed upon receipt from the base station of a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) transmission addressed to a cell-radio network temporary identity (C-RNTI) of the mobile communication terminal and containing a UL grant.

Abstract: A method and a system for determining the existence of broadcast/multicast frames buffered in an access point (AP) are used to avoid wakening a station (STA) unnecessarily. The method includes: when receiving broadcast/multicast frames sent from a service network and/or multicast group, an AP sets a broadcast/multicast indication bit that associates the service network and/or multicast group to the valid state and sends frames that carry the broadcast/multicast indication bit to a STA; the STA determines whether there are broadcast/multicast frames buffered in the AP according to the associated service network and/or multicast group and the received broadcast/multicast indication bit. Embodiments of the present disclosure also disclose an AP and a STA. The AP can identify whether there are broadcast/multicast frames buffered in an AP.

Abstract: Various embodiments provide an apparatus and method for adapting wireless sensor network device operation to ambient RF noise. An example embodiment includes: initializing a noise threshold value to a default value; detecting an ambient RF noise level on a plurality of channels of a wireless network device; if the ambient RF noise level detected on a pre-determined number of channels is above the noise threshold value, adjusting the noise threshold value by an increment and retesting the ambient RF noise level on the plurality of channels; if the noise threshold value exceeds a pre-determined maximum noise threshold value, suspending data communications by the wireless network device; and if the ambient RF noise level detected on a pre-determined number of channels is below the noise threshold value, retaining the noise threshold value and enabling data communications by the wireless network device.

Abstract: A wireless station in a second communication system, with at least a portion of a first frequency band used in a first communication system and a portion of a second frequency band used in the second communication system being shared or neighboring, the wireless station including a waveform characteristic quantity extracting unit that extracts a waveform characteristic quantity which shows a statistical characteristic of a signal received from the first communication system; a communication parameter determining unit that determines communication parameters to be used for the wireless station in the second communication system depending on a determination result of whether the extracted waveform characteristic quantity is of a predetermined waveform characteristic quantity for reducing an interference; and a transmission and reception unit that transmits and receives a wireless communication signal in the second communication system in accordance with the determined communication parameters.

Abstract: Each station makes a transition to a power saving state autonomously in response to the reception of signals from the other stations in the same group and the transmission of its own signal. Each station sets its transmission timing such that it does not overlap the transmission timing of the other stations, by referring to data elements included in a beacon signal. The transmission timing in the stations is determined for each transmission.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for sharing a physical device and/or service between multiple virtual and/or physical machines are disclosed. In an embodiment, a hypervisor grants permission to a first virtual machine to access a physical device via the hypervisor. For example, the hypervisor may grant permission to a first virtual machine to access a physical audio device. A second virtual machine then accesses the physical device via the hypervisor and the first virtual machine using a virtual services network stack. For example, the second virtual machine may play music on the audio device via the first virtual machine. In another embodiment, a first physical machine is granted permission to access and/or is connected to a physical device (e.g., an audio device) via a communication channel. A second physical machine then accesses the physical device (e.g., plays music) via the communication channel and the first physical machine using the virtual services network stack.

Abstract: Wireless medium reservation for simultaneous transmission of multiple downlink spatial streams to multiple receiver wireless stations during a multi-user transmit opportunity over a wireless medium, is provided. Such a reservation includes reserving a transmission period for simultaneously transmitting data from a transmitting station to multiple intended receiving stations on multiple downlink spatial streams over a wireless communication medium. Reserving the transmission period includes transmitting a multi-user request-to-send (MU-RTS) frame to the multiple receiving stations, the RTS frame including a receiver address (RA) field comprising compressed addresses for the multiple receiving stations. The MU-RTS frame includes an indication field that indicates the RTS frame as an MU-RTS without altering the RTS frame type/subtype.

Abstract: A method of regulating sending of data packets, implemented by a station having at least one data packet to be sent via a wireless communication network, includes at least one step of obtaining a binary value representative either of an authorization to send, or of a prohibition to send, a step of sending the packet, the sending step being executed on condition that at least one criterion relating to the binary value or values obtained is satisfied, where the binary value or values are dependent on an index value assigned randomly to the station and a class of packets to which the packet to be sent belongs.

Abstract: A scheme for Medium Access Control (MAC) Protocol Data Unit (PDU) signaling includes the steps of receiving, from a Machine-Type Communication (MTC) device, a random access preamble; sending, to the MTC device, a random access response that includes a MAC PDU having a MAC header that includes information for MTC support; receiving, from the MTC device, a scheduled transmission; and performing contention resolution with the MTC device. The information for MTC support can be achieved by: (1) the MAC PDU structure being modified to include a new section used for MTC devices to identify the congestion status of MTC family; (2) providing the backoff control (BOC) with a new sequence of a large-scale backoff interval (BI); (3) changing the random access (RA) procedure for MTC devices; or (4) performing toggling or switching between access class barring (ACB) and backoff control (BOC).

Abstract: A system and method for random access in a wireless communication system including a base station and a wireless terminal, whereby at the wireless terminal, selecting, as information to perform random access using the information, first information used for first random access or second information used for second random access.

Abstract: Random access in a wireless communication system including a base station and a wireless terminal, whereby at the wireless terminal, selecting first information used for first random access or second information used for second random access; and transmitting, during or after the completion of random access using selected information, third information with a response message to be transmitted to the base station during random access using information which is not selected.

Abstract: A system manages the integration of a private short-range wireless network into a service/mobility domain with handover of a wireless terminal device between access points registered with a domain server. The server maintains information specifying rules for responding to first wireless terminal devices authorized for private network access and to second wireless terminal devices authorized for shared network access, in response to requests for information on resources available from one or more access points registered with the server.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for scheduling within a switch is described. A set of input signals is received from input ports. The set of input signals is associated with a set of packets at the input ports. A request for each packet from the set of packets is generated based on the set of input signals. Each request has an input-port indicator, an output-port indicator and a service-level indicator. The packets are scheduled based on the service-level indicator.

Abstract: A multiband station, a system and a method of setting a traffic steam or a block acknowledgement with a second multiband station on a first frequency band and a first channel. The multiband station may send a request on a second channel and a second frequency by including a channel, a frequency band and medium access control (MAC) address information as part of the request and response exchange.

Abstract: A device determines a high watermark threshold for a subrate service, compares a traffic demand to the high watermark threshold, and adds a temporary bandwidth to an original bandwidth available to the subrate service if the traffic demand is greater than or equal to the high watermark threshold.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a system for configuring an access point in a wireless network. During operation, the access point discovers one or more existing access points associated with the wireless network. The access point then obtains a set of configuration information from one existing access point, and synchronizes a local timestamp counter to a selected existing access point, thereby allowing the access point to be configured without using a centralized management station.

Abstract: A network-attached storage apparatus is configured to be in communication with a local device. The apparatus includes storage devices for storing data, one interface for establishing communication with the network and another interface for establishing communication with the local device. A processor enables the interfaces to alternatively establish communication with the local device or the network.

Abstract: Systems and methodologies are described that facilitate multiple-phase selective connection establishment in wireless communications networks. Radio resource control (RRC) layer communications can be instantiated between a mobile device and base station. Additional information can be required by a downstream network component regarding the mobile device. Accordingly, the RRC resources can be utilized to transmit the additional information from the mobile device to the network component to facilitate the multiple-phase establishment. This can be accomplished using non-access stratum (NAS) messages. Further, the information can relate to authorization, security re-configuration, context re-synchronization, an identity of the mobile device, and the like.

Abstract: Mesh Network Access Points (APs) points, including gateways and routers, are deployed over a geographic area. The APs monitor the communication channel for other carriers and transmit accordingly. The APs selectively co-transmit when other carriers are sensed, if the efficiency of the mesh network will improve. APs select a transmission rate based on observed carrier-to-interference ratios. APs use directional antennas to increase carrier-to-interference ratios and spectral efficiency. AP transmit schedules are adaptable and adjusted according to observed carrier-to-interference measurements.

Abstract: A relay device receives packets from an information processing apparatus or a relay device. The relay device updates a value of priority data indicating an accumulated wait time for arbitration contained in each of the received packets according to an elapsed time. The relay device selects a packet to be transmitted according to a result of comparison of the values of the pieces of the priority data contained in the received packets. The relay device transmits the selected packet to another relay device.

Abstract: A communication system enables a node to utilize multiple communication interfaces to connect to an overlay network. The use of multiple communication interfaces provides a redundant overlay network connection, thereby enabling a node to maintain connectivity or select a preferred connection to the overlay network, increasing efficiency or reducing costs in the overlay network. A network in which member nodes obtain services in the absence of server-based infrastructure is referred to as a “peer-to-peer overlay network” (or “overlay network” or simply “overlay”). Overlay networks consist of several nodes from hundreds, to thousands, joined together in a logical routing structure. Individual nodes often participate in routing and maintenance aspects of the overlay. Typically an overlay is formed through the enrollment and joining of all these nodes as defined by the overlay protocol. Nodes forming peer-to-peer overlay networks may communicate with each other over various network technologies.

Abstract: System and method for facilitating data transfer between logic systems and a memory according to various conditions. Embodiments include systems and methods for facilitating and improving throughput of data transfers using a shared non-deterministic bus, a system and method for managing a memory as a circular buffer, and a system and method for facilitating data transfer between a first clock domain and a second clock domain. Embodiments may be implemented individually or in combination.

Abstract: A method, a device, and a system for duplex communications. Uplink and downlink frequencies are allocated in an orthogonal manner such that at one time instant a certain carrier frequency is used for uplink (downlink) transmission and at some other time instant for downlink (uplink) transmission. Correspondingly, at said one time instant a second carrier frequency is used for downlink (uplink) transmission and at said some other time instant optionally for uplink (downlink) transmission.

Abstract: Aspects relate to arbitrating access to an interconnect among multiple ports. For example, input ports receive requests for access to identified destination ports and buffer these in one or more FIFOs. A picker associated with respective FIFO(s) begins an empty arbitration packet that includes a location for each output port and fills one or more locations in the packet, such as based on a prioritization scheme. Each packet is passed in a ring to another picker, which performs a fill that does not conflict with previously filled locations in that packet. Each picker has an opportunity to place requests in each of the packets. Results of the arbitration are dispatched to reorder buffers associated with respective output ports and used to schedule the interconnect. Each arbitration cycle thus produces a set of control information for an interconnect to be used in subsequent data transfer steps.

Abstract: A method and device for performing contention resolution between a mobile communication terminal and a base station. The method according to an embodiment includes initiating a random access procedure by a medium access control (MAC) layer of the mobile communication terminal, including starting a contention resolution timer; and stopping the contention resolution timer and determining that the random access procedure was successfully completed upon receipt from the base station of a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) transmission addressed to a cell-radio network temporary identity (C-RNTI) of the mobile communication terminal and containing a UL grant.

Abstract: The present invention provides a network, in particular for an aircraft and spacecraft, comprising a network line and at least two network access devices which are interconnected by the network line and between which data of different levels of priority can be transmitted, the network access devices being formed so as allocate data with a level of priority allocated to the respective data, at least two different levels of priority being provided for the data depending on the relevance of the respective data, and the data being transmitted on the network line in fixed time slots depending on the level of priority assigned in each case. The present invention further provides a method and an aircraft and spacecraft.

Abstract: A method for a network device of a powerline communications network includes selecting between a default preamble signal and a network-specific preamble signal specific to the network but not to a neighboring network and transmitting at least user data in conjunction with the selected preamble signal. Another method for a network device of a powerline communications network includes tuning a sensor to detect network-specific preamble signals specific to the network but not to a neighboring network and receiving at least user data associated with the preamble signals.

Abstract: A wireless communications device with a wireless module and a controller module is provided. The wireless module performs wireless transmission and reception to and from a service network comprising at least two first home base stations having the same physical cell identity (PCI) or physical scrambling code (PSC), a plurality of second home base stations neighboring the first home base stations, and a macro base station. The controller module receives a message from the macro base station via the wireless module, requests the wireless module to detect a plurality of PCIs or PSCs respectively corresponding to the first home base stations and the second home base stations in response to the message, and transmits to the macro base station via the wireless module the detected PCIs or PSCs, prior to being handed over to the one of the first home base stations from the macro base station.