Abstract: A frequency adjustment method, a System-On-a-Chip, and a terminal are provided. In the embodiments of this application, when an access bandwidth requirement on a DDR memory changes, a first frequency adjustment request for a DDR interface is generated using a CPU, and a working frequency of the DDR interface is adjusted. Because during adjustment of the working frequency of the DDR interface, the working frequency of the DDR interface is gradually adjusted according to a predetermined adjustment amount by which a frequency adjustment coefficient of a spread spectrum clocking generator is adjusted each time and a predetermined interval between two adjacent adjustments, it is ensured that a DLL in the DDR interface and a phase-locked loop in the spread spectrum clocking generator are in locking-in states, so that the DDR memory can still be accessed during frequency adjustment of the DDR interface and system performance is ensured.

Abstract: An apparatus for communicating using an isolation channel includes a transmitter circuit having a first terminal configured to communicate a first signal. The first signal oscillates in response to a data signal having a first signal level and is constant in response to the data signal having a second signal level. The transmitter circuit includes a second terminal configured to communicate that oscillates in response to the data signal having the second signal level and is constant in response to the data signal having the first signal level. The apparatus may include a receiver circuit configured to generate a recovered data signal having a first transition in a first direction between first and second levels based on an edge of a first received signal and having a second transition in a second direction between the first and second levels based on an edge of a second received signal.

Abstract: In a disclosed embodiment, a method for communication in a network includes receiving, at a first device registered to the network, a physical layer (PHY) frame that includes a PHY header and a MAC header. The PHY frame may further include a MAC payload. The PHY header includes a destination address field. The method further includes comparing a network address of the first device to the destination address field to determine whether the destination address field stores a value having the same number of bits as the network address. When the comparison indicates that the value stored by the destination address field does not have the same number of bits as the network address, the method skips decoding the MAC header and the MAC payload.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling a data rate in a data client for a digital audio broadcasting system includes a buffer for storing data, a codec for coding data, and a control module for controlling a bit rate of the codec in response to a level of the data in the buffer. A method performed by the apparatus is also included.

Abstract: A method is provided for creating a single interactive video file. The method includes receiving a selection of a plurality of 360-degree videos including a first 360-degree video and a second 360-degree video. The method also includes linking the first 360-degree video to the second 360-degree video to enable transitioning between the first 360-degree video and the second 360-degree video. The method also includes compiling the plurality of 360-degree videos into the single interactive file. The single interactive video file includes an index used to identify the second 360-degree video within the single interactive video file when the link is executed.

Abstract: An encoder includes a controller to determine whether macroblocks of a frame of video content are to be processed by intra-frame encoding or by predictive coding. The encoder includes a switch coupled to the controller. The encoder includes an intra-frame unit to receive the macroblocks via the switch when the controller determines to process the macroblocks by intra-frame encoding. The encoder includes a predictive unit to receive the macroblocks via the switch when the controller determines to process the macroblocks by predictive encoding. The encoder also includes a redundancy allocation unit coupled to the controller. The controller determines whether to process the macroblocks by intra-frame encoding or predictive frame encoding based on information received from the redundancy allocation unit.

Abstract: A method of processing a video transport stream includes receiving a video transport stream and identifying at least one portion of the video transport stream that is not to undergo modification when processed by a rate shaping device. An indicator is inserted into the video transport stream. The indicator is used to signal the statistical multiplexer that the at least one portion of the video transport stream is not to be modified when the video transport stream is processed by the rate shaping device.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of transmitting broadcast signals. The method includes, formatting, by an input formatting block, input streams into plural PLPs (Physical Layer Pipes); encoding, by an encoder, data in the plural PLPs; processing, by a framing and interleaving block, the encoded data in the plural PLPs to output at least one signal frame; and waveform modulating, by a waveform generation block, data in the at least one signal frame and transmitting, by the waveform generation block, broadcast signals having the waveform modulated data.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are generally directed to transmission and detection of multi-channel signals in reduced channel format. An embodiment of a method for transmitting data includes determining whether a first type or a second type of content data is to be transmitted, where the first type of content data is to be transmitted at a first multiple of a base frequency and the second type of data is to be transmitted at a second multiple of the base frequency. The method further includes selecting one or more channels from a plurality of channels based on the type of content data, clocking a frequency on the first or second multiple of the base frequency according to the type of content data in the selected channels, modifying the content data to fit within a single output channel, and transmitting the modified data via a single output channel at the chosen multiple of the base frequency.

Abstract: In accordance with some embodiments, the present disclosure relates to a dual mode control interface that can be used to provide both a radio frequency front end (RFFE) serial interface and a two-mode general purpose input/output (GPIO) interface within a single digital control interface die. In certain embodiments, the dual mode control interface, or digital control interface, can communicate with a power amplifier. Further, the dual mode control interface can be used to set the mode of the power amplifier.

Abstract: An apparatus and method support live streaming between mobile communication terminals. A server Mobile Station (MS) Transport Stream (TS)-multiplexes audio/video data, generates TS data, and transmits the generated TS data in a live streaming scheme to a client MS through an accessed IP based packet service network. A client MS receives the TS data generated by the server MS in the live streaming scheme through the accessed IP based packet service network, TS-demultiplexes the received TS data, and restores the original audio/video data.

Abstract: A method for transmitting a packet by a signal transmission apparatus in a broadcasting and communication system is provided. The method includes generating a Forward Error Correction (FEC) packet including an FEC parity packet and an FEC source packet by encoding source payloads using an FEC encoding scheme, and transmitting the FEC packet to a signal reception apparatus, wherein the FEC parity packet is generated using a plurality of Source Sub-Blocks (SSBs) which are generated using specific source payloads selected corresponding to a preset SSB generation scheme from among the source payloads included in a source block, and wherein the FEC source packet is generated using the source payloads.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a method and network device for efficient frame aggregation. Specifically, a network device queues a first set of packets until one of the first set of aggregation limits is detected. The network device then transmits the first set of packets, and receives feedback information. Then, the network device modifies the first set of aggregation limits to obtain a second set of aggregation limits based on the feedback information. The network device queues a second set of packets until one of the second set of aggregation limits is detected, and then transmits the second set of packets. Also, the network device determines whether a received packet has a particular characteristic. If so, the network device transmits the first set of packets before at least one of the first set of aggregation limits is detected.

Abstract: Among other things, a communication system comprising remote units and a controller is described. The remote units exchange radio frequency (RF) signals with mobile devices. At least some of the RF signals comprise information destined for, or originating from, a mobile device. The controller comprises one or more modems and is connected to an external network. At least one of the modems is a baseband modem and is configured to pass first data corresponding to the information. The controller is separated from the remote units by an intermediate network over which second data corresponding to the information is carried in frames between the controller and the remote units. The second data comprises baseband data and at least some of the baseband data is compressed in a frequency domain. The remote units and the controller are configured to compress the baseband data for transmission over the intermediate network.

Abstract: In a multicarrier communication system having a plurality of subchannels, a method and apparatus for supporting at least two applications. For example, the method includes associating at least a first application in a set of currently active applications with a first latency path, allocating at least one subchannel to the first latency path, and in response to a change in the set of currently active applications, allocating the at least one subchannel to a second latency path associated with a second application in the set of currently active applications and different from the first latency path.

Abstract: A method, an apparatus, and a computer program product for relaying a packet are provided. The apparatus receives at least one packet and reduces a degree of the at least one packet. The apparatus further processes the at least one packet based on the reduced degree, generates a combined packet by combining the at least one processed packet with at least one other processed packet based on the reduced degree and a weight of each of the processed packets, and transmits the combined packet.

Abstract: A wireless communication unit comprising a transmitter and a signal processor are provided. The signal processor is arranged to map service data onto a first set of multiple Physical Layer Pipes (PLPs), map the first set of PLPs onto a first set of logical frames, and form a first logical channel comprising the first set of logical frames. A structure of the logical frames is composed of PLPs of a plurality of different data types.

Abstract: A method for balancing load among firewall security devices in a network is disclosed. According to one embodiment, a switch causes firewall security devices (FSDs) of a cluster to enter into a load balancing mode. Responsive to receiving a heartbeat signal from an FSD, information regarding the FSD and the port on which the heartbeat signal was received are added to a table maintained by the switch that maps outputs of a load balancing function to ports of the switch. A received packet is forwarded to an FSD of the cluster by: (i) extracting a configurable number of bit values from a configurable set of bit positions within the packet; (ii) determining the output of the load balancing function; (iii) identifying the port to which the FSD is coupled based on the output and the table; and (iv) transmitting the packet to the FSD via the identified port.

Abstract: A method of generating a transport stream (TS) packet in a data transmitting device includes receiving a packetized elementary stream (PES) packet and generating at least two TS packets among a plurality of TS packets corresponding to the PES packet at a time on a basis of an analysis result of the PES packet.

Abstract: A method for balancing load among firewall security devices in a network is disclosed. Firewall security devices are arranged in multiple clusters. A switching device is configured with the firewall security devices by communicating control messages and heartbeat signals. Information regarding the configured firewall security devices is then included in a load balancing table. A load balancing function is configured for enabling the distribution of data traffic received by the switching device. A received data packet by the switching device is forwarded to one of the firewall security devices in a cluster based on the load balancing function, the load balancing table and the address contained in the data packet.

Abstract: An upstream multiplexer multiplexes data into first and second serialized data streams based on first and second low frequency clocks each derived from a high frequency clock. A downstream multiplexer multiplexes the first and second serialized data streams into a third serialized data stream based on the high frequency clock. A timing error detector derives an error signal indicative of a phase-misalignment between the high frequency clock and the first and second serialized data bit streams based on the high frequency clock and the first and second low frequency clocks. A phase adjuster adjusts phases of the first and second low frequency clocks relative to the high frequency clock based on the error signal so as to reduce the phase-misalignment.

Abstract: A transmitter is disclosed as being configured to encode optical signals in accordance with a multi-level coding scheme. The transmitter includes an Integrated Circuit architecture and partition that relaxes the bandwidth and linearity constraints of a gearbox-to-laser driver interface. In the proposed architecture, the gearbox Integrated Circuit aligns two or more digital data streams and transmits the aligned two or more data streams to the laser driver via separate signals.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for configuring a telecommunication system comprising at least one sending entity and one receiving entity between which the same link transmits several transport channels with different qualities of service. The sending entity matches the rate between the different coded transport channels with separate qualities of service, and the different coded transport channels are then multiplexed. The matching rate specific to each coded transport channel is determined from at least one first parameter representative of the expected Eb/I ratio and a second parameter representative of the capacity of the physical channel.

Abstract: Aspects of efficient signal compression format schemes are described. In various embodiments, samples are grouped into one or more blocks. One or more scaling factors are determined for the samples in the one or more blocks. In some cases, a block scaling factor is determined for each block. Further, in some embodiments, if a unique scaling factor exists among samples in a block, the position of the sample is identified. In turn, sign extension bits are scaled from the one or more blocks, and samples in the one or more blocks are quantized. In one embodiment, based on a number of sign extension bits scaled from the block and whether the unique scaling factor exists, a scaling code word is encoded for the block. In other embodiments, implicity, adaptive scaling, and/or adaptive quantization, for example, are used to increase the performance of the compression schemes.

Abstract: A transmission method for transmitting a lower-speed signal transmission frame using a node device in a network by accommodating the lower-speed signal transmission frame into time slots of a higher-speed signal transmission frame includes supplying, when a number of the time slots accommodating the lower-speed signal transmission frame is to be increased, the time slots to input numbers of a cross-connection part of the node device in accordance with an order of time slot numbers of the time slots; and re-establishing cross-connections where the input numbers are cross-connected to corresponding output numbers of the cross-connection part so that the cross-connections are prevented from crossing each other, wherein the input numbers input the time slots and the output numbers output the time slots.

Abstract: A method for mapping of one or more logical channels onto a radio frequency channel in a communication system is provided. The method includes determining a logical channel type from a plurality of logical channel types, and mapping at least one logical frame of the determined logical channel type to at least one physical frame on at least one Radio Frequency (RF) channel based on the determined logical channel type.

Abstract: A plurality of video streams is transmitted over a transmission link. At intervals, one determines for each video stream at each of a plurality of encoder settings, having regard to the amount of data buffered at a receiver for that stream, a bit rate sufficient to transmit the remainder of that stream at that encoder setting such as to avoid buffer underflow at the receiver. One determines also a critical point equal to the earliest time at which that bit rate can be reduced while still avoiding buffer underflow at the receiver. An encoder setting is chosen for each video stream such that the sum of said bit rates required for transmission of the streams does not exceed the capacity of the transmission link. Any surplus capacity of the transmission link is allocated to the stream that has the earliest critical point.

Abstract: The present invention provides a signal block sequence processing method. According to the method, signal block headers (Bch, Bdh) are deleted from each sequence of signal blocks (B) each composed of the signal block header indicating whether a signal block payload is a control block payload (Bc?) containing a control code is contained or a data block payload (Bd?) containing data is contained. The resultant signal blocks are formed into one group (G). Each control block payload in the group is provided with position determination information indicating the position of the control block payload in the group. The signal block payloads are rearranged in accordance with a signal block payload rearrangement rule. The rearranged signal block payloads are contained in a super-block payload (Sc), to which a super-block header (Shc) indicative of containment of control block payloads is added. The resultant super-block (S) is output.

Abstract: A method and system for scheduling commercial advertisement are described in which a data processing system having the spot scheduler solver may be operable to receive an advertiser's order to place advertisement or commercial spots into one or more commercial television breaks. The order may comprise various constraints and requirements corresponding to the spots. The spots may be assigned to inventory buckets within the commercial breaks based on the constraints and requirements. When a conflict arises, a prioritization scheme may be performed to complete the assignment of spots not assigned and to generate a commercial break schedule. The prioritization scheme may be based on spot arrival lead time or on maximizing the sum of the rates corresponding to the spots. The data processing system may maximize the spread of the spots over the commercial break schedule. The commercial break schedule may be adjusted when additional orders are received.

Abstract: The present application discloses apparatus and methods for increasing channel utilization for a high-speed serial interface of an integrated circuit (IC). A new circuit architecture is disclosed which provides circuitry that may be programmed flexibly to support a multitude of different channel bonding schemes. In accordance with one aspect of the invention, the new architecture decouples the granularity of control-signal channel bonding from the granularity of data-aggregation channel bonding. This advantageously allows optimization of configurations for both types of channel bonding. In another aspect of the invention, the logical boundaries of bonded user channels are decoupled from the physical boundaries of the PCS modules. This decoupling advantageously eliminates a rigid constraint of previous architectures.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for multiplexing one or more Low-Order (LO) ODUj/ODUflex clients into a High-Order (HO) ODUk in an Optical Transport Network (OTN). LO bytes are multiplexed in accordance with a tributary slot assignment for a selected LO ODUj of the HO ODUk stream using a permutation matrix. In an implementation, each byte on each ingress port of a W-port space-time-space switch is configurably assigned to an associated timeslot of an associated egress port, using time-division multiplexing. The number of TribSlots assigned to an ODUflex may be increased and decreased hitlessly. A Clos-like Space-Time-Space switch is used to interleave bytes from Low-Order ODUk words into High-Order ODUk words.

Abstract: An integrated circuit may comprise a tuner operable to digitize a band of frequencies comprising a plurality of television channels, a crossbar operable to select one or more of the plurality of television channels output by the tuner, a plurality of demodulators operable to receive the selected one or more television channels from the crossbar and demodulate the selected one or more television channels to recover a plurality of transport streams, a transport module operable to multiplex the plurality of transport streams into a single packet stream, and a framer operable to: encapsulate packets of the plurality of transport streams into transport stream frames of a serial datastream, and insert filler frames into the serial datastream after every Nth transport stream frame of the serial datastream, where N is an integer.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and apparatus that addresses and resolves the issues currently affecting the ability to offer Enhanced TV, in particular, those issues concerning timing and synchronization, interaction with other modules in the STB, and distribution.

Abstract: Various aspects provide for mapping a plurality of signals to generate a combined signal. An aggregation component is configured for generating a combined signal that comprises a higher data rate than a data rate associated with a plurality of signals based on mapped data associated with the plurality of signals. The aggregation component comprises a mapper component. The mapper component is configured for generating the mapped data based on a mapping distribution pattern associated with a generic mapping procedure. In an aspect, a de-aggregation component is configured for recovering the plurality of signals from a pseudo signal transmitted at a data rate of the combined signal. In another aspect, the de-aggregation component comprises a de-mapper component configured for de-mapping the mapped data based on the mapping distribution pattern associated with the generic mapping procedure.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for transmitting data packets in a communication network using a plurality of radio channels. The network is organized into a plurality of communication layers including a data link layer MAC and a physical layer PHY. The method includes aggregating data packets to be transmitted to a single recipient, in the MAC layer, outputting at least two aggregated packets, with which a single header of the PHY layer is associated. At least two of the radio channels are concatenated to form a concatenated channel. The aggregated packets are simultaneously transmitted respectively over at least two separate concatenated sub-channels, one concatenated sub-channel including at least one of the radio channels of the concatenated channel.

Abstract: A network interface includes an interleaver module and line drivers. The interleaver module receives symbols on a plurality of input lanes. The symbols are arranged in groups, and each group includes one symbol from each of the plurality of input lanes. The symbols within each group are received concurrently on the plurality of input lanes. The interleaver module also serially outputs the symbols of a first group of the groups onto a first output lane of a plurality of output lanes, serially outputs the symbols of a second group of the groups onto a second output lane of the plurality of output lanes, and serially outputs the symbols of a third group of the groups onto the first output lane. The line drivers drive data based on the plurality of output lanes onto respective lanes of a physical medium.

Abstract: A communication system comprises a first multiplexer card having a first plurality of TDM ports and a first differential signaling interface, the first multiplexer card operable to map timeslots from the TDM ports to a first combined signal transmitted via the first differential signaling interface; a first unit coupled to the first differential signaling interface and configured to map timeslots extracted from the first combined signal to a DSL frame; a second unit coupled to the first unit via the a DSL link, the second unit having a third differential signaling interface and operable to map timeslots extracted from the DSL frame to a second combined signal; and a second multiplexer card having a second plurality of TDM ports and a fourth differential signaling interface, the second multiplexer card operable to map each of the timeslots from the second combined signal to one of the second plurality of TDM ports.

Abstract: Various aspects provide for aggregating a plurality of signals to generate a combined signal. An aggregation component is configured for reformatting a plurality of first signals and combining the plurality of first signals to generate a combined signal that comprises a higher data rate than a data rate associated with the plurality of first signals. A transmitter component is configured for receiving the combined signal and generating one or more data streams based on the combined signal. In an aspect, the aggregation component is additionally configured for reformatting and/or combining the plurality of first signals and at least one second signal to generate the combined signal. In another aspect, a receiver component is configured for generating a pseudo signal at a data rate of the combined signal. In yet another aspect, a de-aggregation component is configured for recovering the plurality of first signals and/or the at least one second signal from the pseudo signal.

Abstract: A current detection module generates a first current detection signal of a first current flowing through a first power line and a second current detection signal of a second current flowing through a second power line. A multiplexer periodically switches between the two current detection signals in response to a control signal so as to output the first current detection signal within a first duration of each cycle of the control signal and the second current detection signal within a second duration of each cycle of the control signal. A signal processing module generates an energy accumulation signal according to the output of the multiplexer and a voltage detection signal of the voltage of a phase line. A control module provides the control signal to the multiplexer, and generates an effective value of the second current during the second duration.

Abstract: A method of processing an optical input signal comprises transmitting the optical input signal through first and second signal paths, mixing the optical input signal with first and second local oscillator (LO) signals in the respective first and second signal paths to produce first and second electrical signals corresponding to different portions of a frequency spectrum of the optical input signal, and combining the first and second electrical signals to produce a coherent time-domain output signal.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus obtains information of an effective pixel of an image pickup element and information of a pixel on the periphery thereof, sets a position where image data of the peripheral pixel is multiplexed in accordance with a transmission method, generates a data stream by multiplexing image data of the effective pixel and the image data of the peripheral pixel in accordance with the set multiplexing position and the transmission method, and multiplexes information on the set multiplexing position and information on the peripheral pixel area to the data stream.

Abstract: Aspects relate to a Remote NodeB Relay that appears similar to a NodeB, a Radio Network Controller (RNC), and served mobile devices. Also provided is a Super-Light Router Relay that can provide better performance and QoS to served mobile devices while mitigating modifications to mobile devices, NodeBs, or interfaces between RNC and intermediary NodeBs. Aspects also relate to an Internet Protocol (IP) Relay that requires few, if any, modifications to mobile devices, NodeBs, or interfaces between RNC and intermediary NodeBs. Further, changes to an RNC and/or a core network can be mitigated though utilization of a strategic Relay Gateway.

Abstract: A media independent interface in an integrated circuit device includes a first plurality of channels, each including a data transmit path and a data receive path, and a second plurality of channels, each including a transmit path to transmit an idle symbol and a receive path to receive the idle symbol. The interface also includes a codec, coupled to the transmit paths of the first and second pluralities of channels, to encode data and symbols on the transmit paths, and a multiplexer, coupled to the codec, to multiplex the data on the transmit paths of the first and second pluralities of channels as encoded by the codec. The interface further includes a Ser Des to serialize the multiplexed data.

Abstract: A data transmission device is provided. the data transmission device comprises a first device comprising a first memory; a second device comprising a plurality of sensors, a multiplexer to which data output from the plurality of sensors is input, and a counter connected to the multiplexer; a first transmission line configured to transmit a clock of a signal generator mounted on the first device or the second device to the second device or the first device; a second transmission line configured to transmit data output from the multiplexer according to an output from the counter of the second device to the first memory of the first device; and a third transmission line configured to transmit the output from the counter of the second device to the first device to enable the data transmitted to the first memory of the first device to be stored in a second memory or output.

Abstract: A method for receiving packet data at a communication channel and transmitting the packet data over serial links of the communication channel. The packet data is sliced into n-bit data portions which are concatenated with a header prior to transmitting an n-bit portion across one of the serial links of the communication channel. The header may include an invert bit to alter the majority sign of an n-bit portion. Other aspects of the present invention are also described herein.

Abstract: A virtual broadband transmitting unit includes a stream generator to generate a multiplicity of data streams from an incoming media datastream, and a transmission manager to control the upload of the multiplicity of data streams along a multiplicity of transmission channels to at least one wireless communication network. A virtual broadband receiver includes means to receive a multiplicity of media data streams from a multiplicity of data connections, and an assembly engine to assemble the data streams into a single media stream.

Abstract: Apparatus, including a first signal source generating a first signal and a second signal source generating a second signal. A cross-over switch is connected between the two sources so as to generate in a direct switch configuration a sum of the first and second signals and in a crossed switch configuration a difference between the first and second signals. The apparatus includes a processor which is configured to receive the sum and the difference, and to recover the first signal and the second signal therefrom.

Abstract: An integrated standard-compliant data acquisition device includes an electrically insulating package including a plurality of conductive leads and an integrated circuit (IC) disposed within the electrically insulating package and electrically coupled to at least some of the plurality of conductive leads. The IC includes a first multiplexer (MUX), a second MUX, a third MUX, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a plurality of registers, a fourth MUX, control logic, and communication circuitry. In operation, a first circuit value under a first condition can be determined and stored, a second circuit value under a second condition can be determined and stored, and the decision as to whether there is a fault condition can be mad by comparing the first circuit value and the second circuit value.

Abstract: An LTE mobile communication system in which relays RN (14), each in communication with a donor eNB (13) are used to improve the coverage of high data rates, the cell-edge throughput and/or to increase system throughput. The problem addressed is that in the RN??DeNB (13) Un interface, all the S1-AP and/or X2-AP messages with different QoS requirements (for example different S1-AP/X2-AP messages that have different time criticalities) have to be delivered in a limited number of Data or Signalling Radio Bearers. A multiplexing mechanism enables the categorization of different types of S1-AP and/or X2-AP messages and the mapping of these to a limited number of Radio Bearers over the Un radio interface.

Abstract: An external memory interface includes an input/output (IO) logic unit operable to convert a rate of data from a first rate corresponding to a memory controller/schedule unit to a second rate corresponding to an external memory device. The external memory interface also includes a latency adjustment unit, operating in a timing domain of the memory controller/schedule unit, operable to add between 1 to [(second rate/first rate)?1] cycles of latency of the second rate.