Abstract: A method of communicating count value information in an Optical Transport Network (OTN) signal frame. The method comprises determining a count value indicating a number of payload bytes to be sent in a next OTN signal frame; determining that a change in the count value (?) with respect to a current count value is within a predetermined range; selecting an inversion pattern indicating the change in the count value; determining a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code associated with the inversion pattern; and, inserting the inversion pattern and the CRC code in a Generic Mapping Procedure (GMP) overhead of the OTN signal frame.

Abstract: A digital broadcast transmitting/receiving system and a method for processing data are disclosed. The method for processing data may enhance the receiving performance of the receiving system by performing additional coding and multiplexing processes on the traffic information data and transmitting the processed data. Thus, robustness is provided to the traffic information data, thereby enabling the data to respond strongly against the channel environment which is always under constant and vast change.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a method comprising determining, by a processor, at least an indication of a size of a de-interleaved symbol from a frame within a frame buffer, estimating, by the processor, a target transport channel buffer in a channel buffer for the de-interleaved symbol, and writing, by the processor, the de-interleaved symbol in the channel buffer based on the estimated target transport channel buffer.

Abstract: Apparatus for placing a plurality of computer-assisted compressed-voice subscriber calls using a circuit-switched signal path in a distributed telecommunications network. A plurality of vocoders receive voice data from respective subscriber voice devices and output substantially continuous compressed-voice data signals which are arranged by a plurality of packetizers into compressed-voice data packets. A plurality of network adapters send the compressed-voice data packets to a circuit-switched telephone network. A plurality of sequencers remove the substantially continuous compressed-voice data signals from the compressed-voice data packets. A multiplexer coupled to the sequencers combines the compressed-voice data signals into a compressed-voice data package and a signal injector injects the compressed-voice data package into a prearranged time slot of a conventional circuit-switched signal path.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for providing a white board service in a mobile communication system are provided, wherein a bit stream received from a counterpart node is demuxed into data of a logic channel and data of a control channel using a demuxing protocol. The demuxed data is decoded for output.

Abstract: Provided is a digital broadcast transmitter including a MUX and an exciter, which construct streams including first service data and second service data that are different from each other. The exciter interleaves streams such that the first service data has a first body, a first head, and a first tail, the second service data has a second body, a second head, and a second tail, and the first head or the first tail is engaged with the second head or the second tail, at the interface between the first service data and the second service data, wherein at least a portion of the second service data is LDPC-coded or turbo-coded, and the rest of the second service data is TCM-coded.

Abstract: A user equipment terminal for transmitting an uplink control channel to a base station according to a single carrier scheme includes a reception determining unit configured to determine reception of data, which are transmitted from the base station according to scheduling, and generate a reception determination result as first control information; and a control information multiplexing unit configured to assign the first control information to a first radio resource positioned at an end of a system band and assign second control information, which is transmitted with a radio resource dedicated to the user equipment terminal, to a predetermined position in a second radio resource adjacent to the first radio resource, to multiplex the first control information and the second control information into the uplink control channel. The present invention also relates to a base station and an uplink control channel configuration method.

Abstract: A sound reproduction and amplification system includes a digital central controller, a wireless transmitter and a plurality of addressable wireless digital receivers and digital amplifiers for driving loudspeakers or earphones, wherein Differential Pulse Width Modulation (DPWM) signals from the central control of the audio transmitter are sent to the addressable receivers, but no DPWM signals are sent unless there are changes in the target PWM signals. The control signaling is based on position mapping in each repetitive sequence of bits (i.e., each frame or word) in a digital communication channel, where only a single bit per channel per word is allotted to each receiver/amplifier/loudspeaker. If there is any change in output of any transmitter PWM from the audio processor (decoder), all the channel bits are sent to all the addressable loudspeakers.

Abstract: The invention discloses a dual frequency multiplexer by which a first and second coaxial harmonic oscillator type band pass filters are disposed in a box. The box includes a base body, a cover plate and a cover body. The two coaxial harmonic oscillator type hand pass filters are located on the base body and spaced each other by a metal plate; the multiplexer port, first and second ports are positioned on lateral side of the base body. The blocking capacitors are contained in the coaxial chamber of the two coaxial harmonic oscillator type band pass filters. The cover plate is secured on the base body; the first and second direct current circuits are placed on the cover plate; the low pass filters of the first and second direct current circuits are fixed on an edge of a top surface of the coaxial chamber by means of a support member; the cover body and the base body are fastened with each other. The blocking capacitors each are of distributed parameter capacitor.

Abstract: A method of transmitting control signals includes configuring a multiplexing indicator indicating that a plurality of control signals are multiplexed on a control channel, generating a multiplexed control signal by multiplexing a first control signal and a second control signal according to the multiplexing indicator and transmitting the multiplexed control signal on the control channel. Overhead due to control signaling can be reduced by transmitting a multiplexed control signal on a control channel.

Abstract: A method for transferring control signals and data signals, particularly in a motor vehicle. The control signals and the data signals are transferred by a physical medium. The control signals or the data signals are modulated prior to transferring. The modulated signals and the non-modulated signals are sent by the physical medium.

Abstract: A receiver is provided. The receiver includes a first receiving unit which receives a first stream over a broadcasting network; a second receiving unit which receives a second stream over a communication network; a data processing unit which detects aggregation information from at least one of the first and second streams, and which assembles and processes data of the first stream and data of the second stream according to the aggregation information; and an output unit which outputs the data processed by the data processing unit. Thus, relevant data can be assembled and processed easily.

Abstract: A system has a first transmitter for transmitting a first wireless signal within a first frequency. A second transmitter is for transmitting a second wireless signal with overlapping frequency. The first transmitter and the second transmitter are disposed sufficiently proximate to another such that the wireless signals substantially interfere resulting in a combined wireless signal with negative SNR for each of the first wireless signal and the second wireless signal, the negative SNR being a result of at least the other of the first wireless signal and the second wireless signal. A receiver is located for receiving a received wireless signal comprising substantially interfering encoded data signals having negative SNR. The receiver is for selecting from the substantially interfering encoded data signals a signal of interest and for decoding said signal of interest relative to at least the other substantially interfering data signal within the received wireless signal.

Abstract: In a packet communications system stream data is transported over a channel over which packet loss or corruption is possible, with forward error correction (“FEC”) information. A transmitter receives source packets comprising source data, generates FEC source packets formatted to allow for identification of lost or corrupted source packets at a receiver, arranges source data from the source packets into a plurality of source symbols wherein at least one source packet is arranged into more than one source symbol, associates a plurality of source symbols with a source block, generates a plurality of repair symbols from the source block according to a predetermined FEC encoding process and groups the plurality of repair symbols into one or more FEC repair packets associated with the source block. A receiver can use the FEC repair symbols from the FEC repair packets to recover source symbols, as needed.

Abstract: A user leaving an ad-hoc network is detected and a corresponding sequence of commands are executed independently of surrounding conditions. A user who joins the network transmits an execute-on-leave script to one or several users. The execute-on-leave script includes the commands that have to be executed when the user leaves the network, to ensure that the script is executed even when the device is no longer a network user.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and a corresponding method for mapping error correction code encoded time-domain data of at least two mapping input data streams (S1, S2, . . . , Sn) onto a time-domain mapping output data stream (Q) having a frame structure, comprising a data input (102) for receiving said at least two mapping input data streams (S1, S2, . . . , Sn) each being segmented into data blocks (D1, D2, . . . , DN) carrying error correction code encoded data, a data mapper (104) for mapping the data blocks (D1, D2, . . . , DN) of said at least two mapping input data streams (S1, S2, . . . , Sn) onto frames of said mapping output data stream (Q), each frame comprising a number of frame intervals (F1, F2, . . . , FM), wherein the data mapper (104) is adapted for mapping the data blocks (D1, D2, . . . , DN) onto said frame intervals such that each frame interval (F1, F2, . . . , FM) carries sequentially arranged data blocks (D1, D2, . . .

Abstract: An aspect of the invention relates to a method and apparatus for multiplexing content. In one example, a first transport stream is received. The first transport stream includes a sequence of burst cycles, each of the burst cycles having a plurality of packet bursts respectively associated with a plurality of primary services. In one example, a primary service is a national service. A packet burst stream is received that is associated with a secondary service. In one example, a secondary service is a regional service. The first transport stream is multiplexed with the packet burst stream to produce a second transport stream. The second transport stream includes a deterministic relationship between the plurality of packet bursts in each of the burst cycles and packet bursts of the packet burst stream. Additional packet burst streams associated with additional secondary services may be received and multiplexed in a similar manner.

Abstract: A method and related system of encoding audio is disclosed. In the method, data representing a plurality of independent audio signals is accessed. The data representing each respective audio signal comprises a sequence of source frames. Each frame in the sequence of sources frames comprises a plurality of audio data copies. Each audio data copy has an associated quality level that is a member of a predefined range of quality levels, ranging from a highest quality level to a lowest quality level. The plurality of source frame sequences is merged into a sequence of target frames that comprise a plurality of target channels. Merging corresponding source frames into a respective target frame includes selecting a quality level and assigning the audio data copy at the selected quality level of each corresponding source frame to at least one respective target channel.

Abstract: Adaptive data processing systems and methods, comprising functions of preparing a primary input from a preliminary primary input, preparing a secondary input from a preliminary secondary input, and producing an output from the primary and secondary inputs, wherein preparing the secondary input is adaptive to contents of the preliminary primary input that is advanced in timing w.r.t. the primary input. Adaptive data processing techniques thus cause the secondary input to be in same frame phase as the primary input for producing the output, even though the secondary input is formed (in part) based on primary input contents, while such forming of the secondary input consumes multiple clock cycles. Moreover, the techniques enable preparing the primary input from the preliminary primary input while the preliminary primary input is used for preparing the secondary input, which, in turn, is used, along with the primary input, in producing the adaptive data processor output.

Abstract: A video signal and an audio signal are TMDS transmitted from a source device to a sink device. Through a reserved line and a HPD line provided separately from a TMDS transmission line, an Ethernet™ signal is bidirectionally transmitted, and also, a SPDIF signal is transmitted from the sink device to the source device. The Ethernet™ signal bidirectionally transmitted between Ethernet™ transmitter/receiver circuits is differentially transmitted by an amplifier and is received by the amplifier. The SPDIF signal from a SPDIF transmitter circuit is common-mode transmitted from an adder and is received by the adder to be supplied to the SPDIF receiver circuit.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an apparatus to implement a m=n Non-Blocking Minimal Spanning Switch, where n=the total number of data input signals and m=the total number of data output signals and m=the number of crossbar connections in each switch. Data is input to the switch as a plurality of frames, whereby each crossbar connection contains a framer which detects framing patterns in the data. Skewed data is re-aligned and buffered so that the data output by each crossbar connection is equal and identical, thus any crossbar connection may be used to ensure a connection, eliminating the possibility of data interrupts.

Abstract: A frame generating device includes an inserting portion and an accommodating portion. The inserting portion inserts a first fixed stuff byte and a second fixed stuff byte into a payload area of an OTU frame, the first fixed stuff byte being of (8+10n (“n” is zero or a given positive integer))×4 rows, the second fixed stuff byte being of a given byte×4 rows, the given byte being equal to zero or more and being equal to (24?10n) or more. The accommodating portion accommodates Ethernet signal in the payload area other than the first fixed stuff byte and the second fixed stuff byte.

Abstract: A method for providing programs, the method includes: (i) providing a program multiplex to multiple users device; (ii) considering a removal of at least one program from the multiplex in response to program viewing parameters; (iii) allowing at least one user to respond to a possible removal of the program; and (iv) determining whether to remove the al least one program in response to received user removal responses. A user device that includes a transceiver unit that is connected to a controller, wherein the device is adapted to receive a program multiplex, to receive an indication that at least one program is to be removed from the multiplex, and to selectively transmit a program removal response.

Abstract: Time slice transmission methods transmit data in bursts, thus creating a delay until playback of a service can begin when changing the service and therefore preventing smooth zapping. To solve this problem, a first stream used for burst transmission of packet sets and a second stream for continuously transmitting packets at a speed determined according to the transmission rate required for a particular service are multiplexed and transmitted. The content is reproduced using the continuously transmitted second stream during zapping, and the first stream transmitted in bursts is reproduced after zapping ends.

Abstract: A method transmits an L bit packet in a relay network including a source node, a relay node and a destination node. The source node partitions the packet into first fragment of ?L bits and a second fragment of (1??) bits. The first fragment is transmitted from the source node to the relay node at a first data rate during a first phase. The second fragment is transmitted from the source node to the destination node at a second data rate during a second phase while the first fragment is retransmitted from the relay node to the destination node at a third data rate.

Abstract: A compressively-encoding-resultant video signal resulting from compressively encoding a video signal, a first compressively-encoding-resultant audio signal resulting from compressively encoding a first audio signal having a synchronized relation with the video signal, a reference clock information signal relating to synchronization between the compressively-encoding-resultant video signal and the first compressively-encoding-resultant audio signal, and an indication timing information signal designating an indication timing of the video signal are multiplexed to get an AV multiplexing-resultant signal. A second audio signal is compressively encoded to get a second compressively-encoding-resultant audio signal. A sound-production-timing information signal is added to the second compressively-encoding-resultant audio signal to get a substitution playback audio signal.

Abstract: A data processing circuit comprising: a first circuit configured to time-division-multiplex a first digital signal synchronous with a clock signal input from an external controller and a second digital signal asynchronous with the clock signal; and a second circuit configured to output a digital signal time-division-multiplexed by the first circuit to the controller.

Abstract: A telephone system that allows multiplexing and demultiplexing plural group calls through simple operations is provided. The telephone system includes a conference trunk creating unit that creates a conference trunk as required and has a multiplexing/demultiplexing special number table prestoring a multiplexing special number and demultiplexing special number corresponding to plural group calls. After plural group calls start, if the multiplexing special number is input, a control unit causes the conference trunk creating unit to create a large-conference trunk, switches and connects the voices of plural group calls corresponding to the multiplexing special number to the large-conference trunk and starts the multiplexed group call.

Abstract: A transmitter including a plurality of input lanes, a substitutor module, and an interleaver module. The plurality of input lanes is configured to receive input symbols including data symbols and idle symbols, wherein the input symbols are arranged into columns of concurrently received input symbols, and wherein each of the columns includes one input symbol from each of the plurality of input lanes. The substitutor module is configured to, at intervals, replace one of the columns with a column of alignment symbols. The substitutor module is further configured to replace an immediately subsequent one of the columns with a column of disposable symbols; and replace one or more immediately subsequent ones of the columns with columns of boundary symbols uninterrupted by disposable symbols. The interleaver module is configured to interleave symbols from the substitutor module between a first transmit lane and a second transmit lane.

Abstract: A high-speed SerDes transmitter which may reduce power supply introduced data dependent jitter. Instead of trying to make the output voltage of a power supply of a pre-driver constant, the output voltage of the power supply is returned to its normal level periodically, e.g., after each bit time to follow the data rate of an input data stream. A complementary pre-driver may be used to create a complementary data stream which may be at the same data rate as the input data rate. The complementary data stream may have a transition when there is no transition between two consecutive bits in the input data stream, but have no transition when there is a transition in the input data stream. As a result, there is a transition at the power supply during each bit time, and the power supply may be drawn back to its normal level during each bit time. Consequently, the power supply variation is periodic at the beat of the input data rate, and the power supply may have the same impact on each data bit.

Abstract: A compressively-encoding-resultant video signal resulting from compressively encoding a video signal, a first compressively-encoding-resultant audio signal resulting from compressively encoding a first audio signal having a synchronized relation with the video signal, a reference clock information signal relating to synchronization between the compressively-encoding-resultant video signal and the first compressively-encoding-resultant audio signal, and an indication timing information signal designating an indication timing of the video signal are multiplexed to get an AV multiplexing-resultant signal. A second audio signal is compressively encoded to get a second compressively-encoding-resultant audio signal. A sound-production-timing information signal is added to the second compressively-encoding-resultant audio signal to get a substitution playback audio signal.

Abstract: A compressively-encoding-resultant video signal resulting from compressively encoding a video signal, a first compressively-encoding-resultant audio signal resulting from compressively encoding a first audio signal having a synchronized relation with the video signal, a reference clock information signal relating to synchronization between the compressively-encoding-resultant video signal and the first compressively-encoding-resultant audio signal, and an indication timing information signal designating an indication timing of the video signal are multiplexed to get an AV multiplexing-resultant signal. A second audio signal is compressively encoded to get a second compressively-encoding-resultant audio signal. A sound-production-timing information signal is added to the second compressively-encoding-resultant audio signal to get a substitution playback audio signal.

Abstract: A compressively-encoding-resultant video signal resulting from compressively encoding a video signal, a first compressively-encoding-resultant audio signal resulting from compressively encoding a first audio signal having a synchronized relation with the video signal, a reference clock information signal relating to synchronization between the compressively-encoding-resultant video signal and the first compressively-encoding-resultant audio signal, and an indication timing information signal designating an indication timing of the video signal are multiplexed to get an AV multiplexing-resultant signal. A second audio signal is compressively encoded to get a second compressively-encoding-resultant audio signal. A sound-production-timing information signal is added to the second compressively-encoding-resultant audio signal to get a substitution playback audio signal.

Abstract: A current detection module generates a first current detection signal of a first current flowing through a first power line and a second current detection signal of a second current flowing through a second power line. A multiplexer periodically switches between the two current detection signals in response to a control signal so as to output the first current detection signal within a first duration of each cycle of the control signal and the second current detection signal within a second duration of each cycle of the control signal. A signal processing module generates an energy accumulation signal according to the output of the multiplexer and a voltage detection signal of the voltage of a phase line. A control module provides the control signal to the multiplexer, and generates an effective value of the second current during the second duration.

Abstract: A system comprises an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) adapted for use in a plurality of circuit configurations. The circuit configurations provide for different numbers of signal channels for further processing using same circuitry of said application specific integrated circuit.

Abstract: A compressively-encoding-resultant video signal resulting from compressively encoding a video signal, a first compressively-encoding-resultant audio signal resulting from compressively encoding a first audio signal having a synchronized relation with the video signal, a reference clock information signal relating to synchronization between the compressively-encoding-resultant video signal and the first compressively-encoding-resultant audio signal, and an indication timing information signal designating an indication timing of the video signal are multiplexed to get an AV multiplexing-resultant signal. A second audio signal is compressively encoded to get a second compressively-encoding-resultant audio signal. A sound-production-timing information signal is added to the second compressively-encoding-resultant audio signal to get a substitution playback audio signal.

Abstract: Systems and methods for point-to-multipoint communications with CAS are provided. In one embodiment, a method for providing CAS for a point-to-multipoint communication network comprises: providing a network having a first network interface adapted to communicate with a first fractional network interface and a second fractional network interface; mapping a first set of user-data timeslots of the first network interface to timeslots of the first fractional network interface and mapping a second set of user-data timeslots of the first network interface to timeslots of the second fractional network interface, the first set including a first N user-data timeslots and the second set including a next M user-data timeslots; mapping a first set of signaling bits associated with the first set of user-data timeslots with the first fractional network interface; and mapping a second set of signaling bits associated with the second set of user-data timeslots with the second fractional network interface.

Abstract: System and method for providing a timestamp packetized data interface between an RF unit and a modem. According to one embodiment, the RF unit receives an inbound RF signal, processes and demodulates the inbound RF signal to generate samples, generates a timestamp indicative of when the inbound RF signal was received, packetizes and multiplexes the samples and the timestamp, and sends the multiplexed stream to the modem. The modem generates received data from the samples. If the received data type requires a response to be sent at a particular time, the modem generates symbols from responsive outbound data, generates a timestamp which indicates when the outbound data is to be transmitted, packetizes and multiplexes the symbols and the timestamp, and sends the multiplexed stream to the RF unit. The RF unit generates an outbound RF signal from the symbols, and transmits the outbound signal in accordance with the timestamp.

Abstract: A broadband receiving apparatus includes an antenna to receive a radio signal having a plurality of modulation frequencies. An amplifier drives a laser source from the broadband radio signal to produce an optical signal having a plurality of spectral components. A diffraction grating transforms the optical signal into its spectral components. An array of photo-detectors converts the spectral components into electronic signals corresponding to the plurality of modulation frequencies. A transmitting apparatus includes an array of coherent laser emitters driven by electronic signals corresponding to a plurality of modulation frequencies to produce optical signals corresponding to a plurality of spectral components. A diffraction grating inverse transforms the spectral components into a composite optical signal. A photo-detector converts the composite optical signal into a composite electronic signal including the plurality of modulation frequencies.

Abstract: Described herein is technology for, among other things, natural network coding in a wireless mesh network. The technology involves wireless mesh network systems, methods and devices based on the natural network coding. By encoding signals in their natural forms using their channel strengths, more efficient transmission of signals is possible in the wireless mesh network.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method of detecting and correcting skew across a plurality of transmitting lanes. Through the use of an N framer system, including a frame start signal and a frame synchronization signal, skew can be detected and corrected by writing data from a plurality of framers into offsetting bit locations of a plurality of buffers. The present invention also provides a method of transmitting data in a multiple lane distribution (MLD) transmission system.

Abstract: Aspects of a method and system for energy efficient networking via packet inspection are provided. In various embodiments of the invention, a network device may include one or more circuits operable to inspect one or both of ingress and/or egress packets in the network device. The one or more processors may be operable to predict traffic in the network device based on the inspection. The one or more processors may be operable to, based on the predicted traffic, control a mode of operation of the network device to manage power consumption in the network device. A downlink path within the network device may be configured based on inspection of packets conveyed along a corresponding uplink path. An uplink path within the network device may be configured based on inspection of packets conveyed along a corresponding downlink path.

Abstract: In addition to dedicated channel signal formation units 101-1 to 101-N, control information channel signal formation unit 110 is provided and this control information channel signal formation unit 110 forms control information for carrying out uplink packet transmission. The control information channel signal formation unit 110 multiplexes control information (RG information, ACK/NACK, etc.) directed to a plurality of communication terminals through a channel encoding section 111 according to a multiplexing rule preset between the base station apparatus and each communication terminal and spreads the control information using a spreading code common to the communication terminals through a spreading section 113 and thereby forms a control information channel signal for uplink packet transmission.

Abstract: An embodiment of the invention may provide a method for predicting buffer size in a system, where multiple encoded bit streams may be multiplexed into a single bit stream. The multiple encoded bit streams may comprise either a constant or a variable rate. Notwithstanding, predicting the buffer size required for encoding, multiplexing and/or decoding prevents overflow and underflow of the buffer. At the demultiplexer, each decoder may have a buffer and there may not be any buffering prior to multiplexing. A plurality of MPEG encoded data bit streams may be multiplexed into a single multiplexed MPEG encoded data bit stream. A size of buffers utilized to buffer the multiplexed MPEG encoded data bit stream may be determined based on a queuing model.

Abstract: Packets are processed in a system that comprises a plurality of interconnected processor cores. The system receives packets into one or more queues. The system associates at least some nodes in a hierarchy of nodes with at least one of the queues, and at least some of the nodes with a rate. The system maps a set of one or more nodes to a processor core based on a level in the hierarchy of the nodes in the set and based on at least one rate associated with a node not in the set. The packets are processed in one or more processor cores including the mapped processor core according to the hierarchy.

Abstract: A telephony system and method is provided that reduces delay and provides better utilization of upstream bandwidth in delivering packet telephony services to a plurality of subscriber lines via a cable modem system. An exemplary system includes a plurality of voice processing modules, a host processor, and a buffer. Each voice processing module receives digital voice signals from a separate set of subscriber lines, compresses the digital voice signals to generate a voice packet, and transfers the voice packet to the buffer. The host processor then assembles a packet by concatenating the voice packets and transmits the assembled packet for delivery over a data network. Because the plurality of voice processing modules process the voice packets in parallel, delay is reduced in the assembly and transmission of the assembled packet.

Abstract: The present invention can reliably adjust the lip-sync between an video and audio at a decoder side, without making the viewer feel strangeness. In this invention, the encoded video frames to which video time-stamps VTS are attached and the encoded audio frames to which audio time-stamps ATS are attached, all received, are decoded, generating a plurality of video frames VF1 and a plurality of audio frames AF1. The video frames VF1 and audio frames AF1 are accumulated. Renderers 37 and 77 calculate the time difference resulting from a gap between the reference clock for the encoder side and the system time clock stc for the decoder side. In accordance with the time difference, the timing of outputting the plurality of video frames, one by one, on the basis of a timing of outputting the plurality of audio frames, one by one. Hence, the lip-sync can be achieved, while maintaining the continuity of the audio.

Abstract: Provided is a system for providing mobile telecommunication services using an Internet network built with a UTP cable. The system includes a main unit and a plurality of sub units. The main unit includes a plurality of input ports respectively connected to corresponding distributing ports of the switching hubs through UTP cables, is connected to an external mobile telecommunication base station through a wireless link, combines Internet signals transmitted from the distributing ports of the switching hubs with mobile telecommunication signals transmitted from the mobile telecommunication state through a wireless link. Each sub unit includes an input port connected to corresponding one of the output ports of the main unit through an UTP cable, separates the combined signal from the output port of the main unit into an Internet signal and a mobile telecommunication signal.

Abstract: A method for rate-shaping media streams; the method includes: receiving multiple input media streams, transmission parameters, wired transmission limitations and wireless transmission limitations that represent a current status of a wireless medium; and rate-shaping at least one input media stream out of the multiple input media streams, in response to: (i) the transmission parameters, (ii) the wireless transmission limitations, and (iiii) input media stream parameters. A system for processing media streams; the system includes: a controller, adapted to determine rate-shaping parameters in response to: (i) the transmission parameters, (ii) the wireless transmission limitations, and (iii) input media stream parameters; and a rate-shaper, connected to the processor, adapted to receive multiple input media streams and perform rate-shaping according to the rate-shaping parameters.

Abstract: A clock recovery method and apparatus is provided. The high-order demultiplexing-demapping unit (102) demultiplexes and demaps the high-order OTN frame (101) into N low-order ODTUjk frames (103), and transmits the N low-order ODTUjk frames (103) to the low-order demapping unit (104); the low-order demapping unit (104) respectively demaps the N ODTUjk frames (103) into N ODUj frames (105), and writes the ODUj frames from memory unit 1 (106) to memory unit n (108) into memory unit n+1 (109) to memory unit 2n (111) by using the clock signal whose gaps are uniformly distributed; and the ODUj frame clock generating unit (113) adjusts the read out clock in memory unit n+1 (109) to memory unit 2n (111), i.e. ODUj frame clock (114), according to the data volume stored in memory unit n+1 (109) to memory unit 2n (111).