Abstract: A method and apparatuses for measuring the temperature of a radiating body utilizing the alexandrite effect. The method includes the steps of generating a mathematical relationship between a hue value and temperature for an alexandrite effect filter, receiving radiation from the radiating body, measuring a spectral power distribution of the radiation, calculating the hue value based on the spectral power distribution, and determining the temperature using the mathematical relationship. To implement the method, the apparatuses include an optical probe, a spectral or calorimetric measurement device, and a computer. The apparatuses can measure the temperature of any radiating body with or without spectral lines in the spectral power distribution, and are particularly advantageous to measure high to ultrahigh temperature for radiating bodies with spectral lines, such as plasma, electric arc, and high temperature flames.

Abstract: A measuring method eliminates the limitation of the observation time scale controlled of the optical path length, and expands the range of samples of the thermoreflectance method using a pulse laser. The method irradiates an extremely fast light pulse to a sample as a pump light pulse to excite the sample and a probe light pulse to the sample, and observes the temperature variation of the sample by detecting a reflected light from the sample. The method prepares for electrically controllable two pulse lasers: one for exciting the sample, another one for probing, separately. By electrically controlling the difference between the time at which the exciting light irradiates the sample and the time at which the probing light irradiates the sample, the method detects a signal that varies depending on the time difference between the pump pulse and the probe pulse.

Abstract: A temperature detecting unit including a temperature detecting sensor, a window member, and a frame which holds the window member. The temperature detecting sensor receives infrared rays radiated by an object, thereby detecting the temperature of the object without contact with the object. The window member is arranged between the object and the temperature detecting sensor, and transmits the infrared rays. The window member includes a surface with a fluorination organic compound.

Abstract: In a photothermal spectroscopic analyzer in which a probe light is made to fall on a thermal lens produced in a sample by an input of an excitation light and the sample is analyzed in accordance with a change of the probe light which is caused by the thermal lens, a light source of excitation light is composed of semiconductor laser light emitting means, and a light source of the probe light is composed of another semiconductor laser light emitting means, and furthermore a condenser lens for focusing the excitation light upon the sample and a condenser lens for focusing the probe light upon the thermal lens are configured by a common condenser lens. Such a photothermal spectroscopic analyzer according to the present invention satisfies all the requirements of small size, low manufacturing cost, high sensitivity, high precision, maintenance free performance, short start-up time, and automatic measurement for such a device as to perform POC analysis.

Abstract: Temperature of molten silicon 1 in an infrared image furnace 2 including a halogen lamp 8 as a heating source to grow a single crystal of silicon in a floating-zone method is measured with high precision according to light radiated from the molten silicon 1. By disposing an optical path tube extending to the molten silicon 1, light propagating from the molten silicon 1 in a particular direction can be extracted. As a result, light radiated from the molten silicon 1 can be extracted while reducing the influence of disturbance of light from various directions such as light radiated from the halogen lamp 8, reflected light and scattered light thereof, and the like. Luminance of light thus extracted is measured by a CCD camera 7 to obtain the temperature according to the luminance, and hence the temperature can be measured with high precision using a measuring apparatus of a simple configuration.

Abstract: A chuck having a high specific stiffness and high thermal conductivity compared to conventional chucks, with an apparatus for measuring thermal expansion in the chuck. High specific stiffness allows for a higher control bandwidth and improved scanning performance. High thermal conductivity enables excellent positioning accuracy because thermal expansion and strain may be accurately measured or predicted, and thus compensated.

Abstract: A method for tracking change in Temperature of Uniaxial or Biaxial Anisotropic Samples utilizing polarized electromagnetic radiation.

Abstract: A method and apparatuses for measuring the temperature of a radiating body utilizing the alexandrite effect. The method includes the steps of generating a mathematical relationship between a hue value and temperature for an alexandrite effect filter, receiving radiation from the radiating body, measuring a spectral power distribution of the radiation, calculating the hue value based on the spectral power distribution, and determining the temperature using the mathematical relationship. To implement the method, the apparatuses include an optical probe, a spectral or calorimetric measurement device, and a computer. The apparatuses can measure the temperature of any radiating body with or without spectral lines in the spectral power distribution, and are particularly advantageous to measure high to ultrahigh temperature for radiating bodies with spectral lines, such as plasma, electric arc, and high temperature flames.

Abstract: Remote sensing of the temperature of a greybody or blackbody radiator is effected by passing its radiation (24) through a modulated infrared filter spectrometer. The infrared filter comprises, in sequence, a band pass filter (20), a first polariser (21) which polarises the radiation, an electro-optical element (22) which splits the polarised radiation into two orthogonally polarised components, and a second polariser (23). A lens (28) images the radiation leaving the second polariser onto a detector (27). The electrical signal from the detector (27) is input to a numerical analyser. The electro-optical element (22), typically comprising a birefringent crystal assembly (25) and a birefringent trim plate (26), is configured so that the net optical delay of the orthogonally polarised components passed through it is such that the recombined components are at or near a peak or trough in their interferogram.

Abstract: A pyrometer for use in measuring temperatures in a furnace, has a lens-tube for supporting an optical head in a port of the furnace for viewing an interior of the furnace along a line of sight. The optical head converts infrared radiation to electrical signals. A photometer circuit connected to the optical head processes the electrical signals and a scaling circuit connected to the photometer circuit scales the electrical signals. An output circuit connected to the scaling circuit receives the scaled electrical signals and produces output signals for display or control of the furnace. A power supply connected to the scaling circuit powers the photometer, scaling and output circuits. Calibration in the scaling circuit scales the electrical signals to be most sensitive to a wavelength of middle infrared radiation to which at least one gas component in the furnace is semi-transparent, for measuring the temperature of the at least one gas component.

Abstract: The invention provides a temperature monitoring system for a semiconductor test handler. A preparation stage brings a test device to a predetermined temperature for testing at a test platform at said predetermined temperature. At least one radiation sensor, such as a thermopile device, is employed in the test handler for detecting a surface temperature of the test device by measuring radiation emitted from the test device.

Abstract: A method and device for photothermal imaging tiny metal particles which are immersed in a given medium like a living cell. The given medium and immersed tiny metal particles are illuminated through separate phase reference laser beam and sensitive probe laser beam, with the sensitive probe laser beam undergoing through impingement on the given medium slight phase changes induced by photothermal effect due to a local heating thanks to a heating laser beam, in the absence of any substantial phase changes to the phase reference laser beam. Illuminating is performed by focusing the separate phase reference laser beam. The induced slight phase changes on the sensitive probe laser beam with reference to the phase reference laser beam are detected through differential phase interference contrast phenomenon so as to allow each of the tiny metal particles in the given medium to be imaged as an optical label.

Abstract: Disclosed is a temperature sensing device and system including a processor, a memory, and optics for collecting incident infrared energy to produce a temperature signal. The device and system function in accordance with a disclosed method to derive one or more signal parameters from the infrared energy, such as signal strength and signal dilution, and compare the parameter(s) with acceptable, pre-defined limits. A filtered or unfiltered temperature indication is provided if all parameters lies within pre-defined limits, and a different temperature indication is displayed if one or more parameters exceeds pre-defined limits.

Abstract: A method for tracking change in Temperature of Uniaxial or Biaxial Anisotropic Samples utilizing polarized electromagnetic radiation.

Abstract: Fiber optic sensing systems and methods. In a described embodiment, a fiber optic sensing system includes an optical fiber transmitting energy to a chemical vapor deposited diamond material proximate a substance in a well. The diamond material is deposited as a coating on a substrate. The substrate and coating are heated when the energy is transmitted by the optical fiber. This heats the substance in the well, which is detected to determine a property of the substance. In another embodiment, light energy is transmitted through the diamond material.

Abstract: Remote sensing of the temperature of a greybody or blackbody radiator is effected by passing its radiation (24) through a modulated infrared filter spectrometer. The infrared filter comprises, in sequence, a band pass filter (20), a first polariser (21) which polarises the radiation, an electro-optical element (22) which splits the polarised radiation into two orthogonally polarised components, and a second polariser (23). A lens (28) images the radiation leaving the second polariser onto a detector (27). The electrical signal from the detector (27) is input to a numerical analyser. The electro-optical element (22), typically comprising a birefringent crystal assembly (25) and a birefringent trim plate (26), is configured so that the net optical delay of the orthogonally polarised components passed through it is such that the recombined components are at or near a peak or trough in their interferogram.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for measuring a surface temperature of an object body, by calculating a temperature at each picture element of an image of the object body, on the basis of a radiant intensity ratio at each pair of corresponding picture elements of a first and a second image which are obtained with respective radiations having respective first and second wavelengths which are selected from a light emitted from the surface of the body, by a first filter which permits transmission therethrough a radiation having the first wavelength which is selected according to a radiant intensity curve corresponding to a wavelength of a black body at a lower limit of a temperature measurement range, and which is within a high radiant intensity range in which the radiant intensity is higher than a radiant intensity at a normal room temperature, and a second filter which permits transmission therethrough a radiation having the second wavelength which is selected within the high radiant intensity range, such that the second

Abstract: Method and apparatus for measuring a surface temperature of an object body, by calculating a temperature at each picture element of an image of the object body, on the basis of a radiant intensity ratio at each pair of corresponding picture elements of a first and a second image which are obtained with respective radiations having respective first and second wavelengths which are selected from a light emitted from the surface of the body, by a first filter which permits transmission therethrough a radiation having the first wavelength which is selected according to a radiant-intensity curve corresponding to a wavelength of a black body at a lower limit of a temperature measurement range, and which is within a high radiant-intensity range in which the radiant intensity is higher than a radiant intensity at a normal room temperature, and a second filter which permits transmission therethrough a radiation having the second wavelength which is selected within the high radiant-intensity range, such that the second

Abstract: A “folded leg” thermal detector microcantilever constructed of a substrate with at least one leg interposed between a fixed end and a deflective end, each leg having at least three essentially parallel leg segments interconnected on alternate opposing ends and aligned in a serpentine pattern with only the first leg segment attached to the fixed end and only the last leg segment attached to the deflective end. Alternate leg segment are coated on the pentalever with coating applied to the top of the first, third, and fifth leg segments of each leg and to the bottom of the second and fourth leg segments of each leg.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for sensing temperature using optical fiber is provided. In one embodiment, a method for sensing temperature using optical fiber includes launching a polarized optical signal having sufficient intensity to produce Brillouin scattering of the signal into a polarization maintaining optical fiber, receiving a first signal reflected from the launched signal, receiving a second signal reflected from the launched signal; and resolving a metric indicative of temperature from the first and second received signals. The method is particularly useful for sensing temperature in hazardous locations such as down hole gas and oil field applications or other applications where minimization of strain effects to signal transmission is desired.

Abstract: A thermal imaging instrument and method is disclosed for viewing hot spots within a normally enclosed cabinet, for example, a high voltage electrical power distribution cabinet. Large and expensive thermal viewing windows normally required for thermal examination of these cabinets utilizing standard thermal imaging cameras is obviated by the use of an accessory lens assembly. The unique combination and methodology of using the lens assembly, standard thermal imaging camera and small access opening in the cabinet face allows for the retention of the safety rating of the cabinet. Further adding to the accuracy, convenience and safety of the approach, an infrared view port, together with cap and ring chain assembly, is permanently affixed to the cabinet face in relation to the small access hole. The unique combination of the instrument portion of the invention can be integrally combined in a single unit for exclusive use in detecting hot spots within a cabinet.

Abstract: An on-engine radiation thermometer that simultaneously measures, through a common optical waveguide probe, long wavelength infrared radiation and short wavelength radiation, enables accurate temperature measurement and condition monitoring of ceramic thermal barrier coatings used on metal blades of gas turbine engines. This in turn enables operation at higher combustion temperatures, thereby optimizing coating use, and provides warning signals that are indicative of potential blade failure due to barrier coating spall and other conditions.

Abstract: The temperature of an electronic device at specified locations is determined by measuring the phonon frequency shift at the location of interest caused by operation of the device.

Abstract: A method for obtaining position data relating to a probe in the ear canal whereby a probe is inserted into the ear canal, the method further comprising the steps of:—determine the distance from the distal portion of the probe to at least one point of the internal circumferential surface of the ear and/or car canal,—obtaining position data using first transducing means associated with the distal portion of the probe and second transducing means fixed relative to the head of the person, where the first transducing means is transmitting a magnetic field, and the second transducing means are detecting the magnetic field generated by the transmitter. The invention also relates to an apparatus for obtaining position data relating to a probe in the ear canal.

Abstract: A method and device for photothermal imaging tiny metal particles which are immersed in a given medium like a living cell deposited onto a transparent glass slide. The given medium and immersed tiny metal particles are illuminated through separate phase reference laser beam and sensitive probe laser beam, with the sensitive probe laser beam including a heating laser beam undergoing through impingement on the given medium slight phase changes induced by photothermal effect due to a local heating, in the absence of any substantial phase changes to the phase reference laser beam. Illuminating is performed by focusing the separate phase reference and sensitive probe laser beam through the transparent glass slide at a given depth within the given medium and a transmitted phase reference laser beam and a transmitted sensitive probe laser beam undergoing the slight phase changes are generated.

Abstract: The invention relates to an inspection method for inspecting the quality of a weld seam (15) during which a material, which is transparent to electromagnetic radiation (30) of a defined frequency, is used in a workpiece (10) consisting of two plastic parts (11, 12). In order to be able to reliably inspect the weld seam, the invention provides that an electromagnetic inspection radiation (30) is irradiated inside the workpiece (10). The resulting reflections between the boundary surfaces in the workpiece (10) and the portions of inspection radiation (30, 30′) exiting from the workpiece (10) are affected by the quality of the produced weld seam (15). By measuring the exiting radiation (33, 33′), it can be clearly determined whether the workpiece (10) has a defective or a tolerable seam (15).

Abstract: A fiber optic cable is used as a distributed temperature sensing (DTS) transducer for temperature profile measurements in a protective underground duct in which a high voltage (HV) cable has already been laid. The sensing cable is not incorporated into the power cable itself, and in some installations does not have direct physical contact with the HV cable. The sensing cable is installed externally (along side) of the HV power cable, either in direct surface contact with the HV cable, or alternatively, the fiber optic sensing cable is installed in a small diameter guide tube that is placed in the upper annulus between the HV cable and the protective duct. The sensing fiber and one or more guide tubes are installed in a loose bundle at least in part by fluid drag forces (blowing with pressurized air) using conventional cable launching equipment.

Abstract: A pyrometer for use in measuring temperatures in a furnace, has a lens-tube for supporting an optical head in a port of the furnace for viewing an interior of the furnace along a line of sight. The optical head converts infrared radiation to electrical signals. A photometer circuit connected to the optical head processes the electrical signals and a scaling circuit connected to the photometer circuit scales the electrical signals. An output circuit connected to the scaling circuit receives the scaled electrical signals and produces output signals for display or control of the furnace. A power supply connected to the scaling circuit powers the photometer, scaling and output circuits. Calibration in the scaling circuit scales the electrical signals to be most sensitive to a wavelength of middle infrared radiation to which at least one gas component in the furnace is semi-transparent, for measuring the temperature of the at least one gas component.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and to a device (1) for testing materials by determining and displaying as an image temperature differences above a threshold value on the surface of test objects (8). In a first step, a camera for determining and displaying as an image the temperature differences above a threshold value is used to determine the temperatures of object elements (22) within a test area (14) of the test object (8) facing the camera. The test area (14) is then provided with heat by means of a laser beam (4) in such a manner that the temperature of the surface of the test object (8) rises in the test area (14) by at least the amount of the threshold value. The object elements (22) are displayed as image elements in such a manner that the temperature differences above the threshold value between the object elements (22) are visible. The cool-down of the test area (14) is indicated by means of the image elements (20).

Abstract: The present invention provides an intensity modulated optical fiber temperature switching immersion probe for remote temperature monitoring and switching of an industrial process. The present invention also provides a method for remote sensing of temperature.

Abstract: The invention is a synchronized electronic shutter system (SESS) and method for same side and through transmission thermal analysis and inspection of a material for finding defects, corrosion, disbond defects, integrity of a weld and determination of paint thickness. The system comprises an infrared detector that acquires background images of the sample. A shutter then covers the detector and lamps rapidly heat the sample above ambient temperature. Shutters cover all lamps at the same time the shutter over the infrared detector is opened. The infrared detector acquires a series of temperature images over time radiated from the sample as the sample cools down. After collecting a series of temperature images taken by the SESS, a processed image is developed using one of the group comprising time derivative calculation, temperature normalization data reduction routine, thermal diffusivity curve fitting and averaging the series of temperature images.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a radiation thermometer with multiple sensor elements for detecting infrared radiation from differing regions, a radiation sensor with multiple infrared sensor elements, and a method for determining a temperature using a radiation thermometer equipped with such a radiation sensor. The radiation sensor (10) includes multiple optical elements (45, 50, 55) which are associated with a single or multiple sensor elements (30) and define the solid angle from which radiation can impinge on the respective sensor elements. A method for taking a patient's temperature using an ear thermometer equipped with a radiation sensor of the present invention is based on the tympanic membrane having a higher temperature than the ear canal. Hence part of the sensor elements that view the tympanic membrane will detect a higher temperature than the remaining sensors that view the ear canal. Accordingly, only temperature signals from the tympanic membrane are used for evaluation.

Abstract: A system for measuring turbine bucket temperature in a gas turbine engine includes a plurality of optical detectors, such as a pyrometer and a spectrometer, and an optical switch for selectively directing radiation from turbine engine sight glass to any one of the optical detectors along a common line of sight. The optical switch preferably includes first and second blocks, with the optical detectors being disposed in the second block. A rotor is mounted between the first and second blocks for rotation about a rotational axis, and a fiber optic cable is provided having a first end located on the rotational axis and a second end offset from the rotational axis. Rotation of the rotor selectively positions the second end of the fiber optic cable adjacent to any one of the optical detectors.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a pyrometer system and comprises an elevator tube. The elevator tube comprises an inner tube and an outer tube surrounding the inner tube in telescoping arrangement and extending from a top to a bottom thereof, the arrangement defining a fluid passageway therebetween. The elevator tube further comprises a port associated with the outer tube that is operable to transmit a cooling gas therethrough into the fluid passageway. A pyrometer head is coupled to the bottom of the inner tube and is operable to transmit and receive radiation through the inner tube. The system further comprises a spider collar coupled to at least one of a top of the inner tube or outer tube, and is operable to support a work piece for thermal measurement thereof.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a pyrometer system and comprises an elevator tube. The elevator tube comprises an inner tube and an outer tube surrounding the inner tube in telescoping arrangement and extending from a top to a bottom thereof, the arrangement defining a fluid passageway therebetween. The elevator tube further comprises a port associated with the outer tube that is operable to transmit a cooling gas therethrough into the fluid passageway. A pyrometer head is coupled to the bottom of the inner tube and is operable to transmit and receive radiation through the inner tube. The system further comprises a spider collar coupled to at least one of a top of the inner tube or outer tube, and is operable to support a work piece for thermal measurement thereof.

Abstract: A temperature sensor utilizing optical temperature measuring techniques is constructed to make firm contact with a surface whose temperature is being measured, an example application being the monitoring of semiconductor wafers or flat panel displays while being processed. A cap is mounted near but spaced apart from an end of a lightwave guide, with a resilient element that applies force of the cap against a surface whose temperature is being measured as the cap is urged toward the optical fiber end. An optical temperature sensing element, such as luminescent material or a surface of known emissivity, is carried within the cap. A bellows with a closed end conveniently serves as both the cap and the resilient element. An alternative temperature measuring device installs an optical temperature sensing material within a test substrate behind an optical window, and then views the sensing material through the window.

Abstract: A thermal process apparatus for a semiconductor substrate, including a heating source heating the semiconductor substrate by irradiating a light on one side of the semiconductor substrate, a reflection plate facing to the semiconductor substrate in a state where a reflection cavity is formed with another side of the semiconductor substrate, a thermometer having a light-receiving part provided on the refection plate so as to measure a temperature of the semiconductor substrate by catching a radiation beam from the semiconductor substrate heated by the heating source by the light-receiving part; and light absorption means provided around the light-receiving part for absorbing a diffuse reflection light generated in the reflection cavity.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a probe assembly for used in an infrared ear thermometer. Given that the exchanged thermal radiation and the infrared detector's temperature are known, the subject temperature can be calculated according to Stefan-Boltzman's law. To make the Stefan-Boltzman's law applicable in a dynamic environment where temperature may vary greatly, the contact temperature sensor (thermistor) must acuurately and fast track the temperature of the infrared detector (thermopile sensor). By using the heat transfer theorem, the disclosed assembly makes the thermistor accurately track the cold junction temperature of the thermopile chip without being in an isothermal condition. Not only minimizes the measurement error in a dynamic environment, the design of the disclosed probe assembly also makes a samll and compact infrared thermometer possible.

Abstract: A plurality of miniature IR sensors disposed in a sensor array are aimed at a target area of interest, the array providing a thermal “image” of the target area. Processing electronics detect the hottest spot of the target as indicated by sensors in the array to directly indicate or estimate the hottest temperature(s) of the target area. Preferably, the sensor array can be utilized, for example, to determine the core body temperature of a patient by examination of the tympanic membrane.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and an arrangement for temperature measurement by means of optical detection of energy band gaps of solids with electrical light sources, measurement probes and a wavelength-sensitive detection system that measures the frequency of the light guided back by the measurement probe.

Abstract: The present invention provides an intensity modulated optical fiber temperature switching immersion probe for remote temperature monitoring and switching of an industrial process. The present invention also provides a method for remote sensing of temperature.

Abstract: In order to determine a temperature on a semiconductor component (1), a scanning light wave (7) is irradiated onto a measuring point on the semiconductor component, a response light wave (8, 8′) reflected from the measuring point is recorded, and the temperature of the measuring point is ascertained with the aid of a temperature-dependent property R of the response light wave (8, 8′).

Abstract: The invention relates to a tuneable optical grid-assisted add/drop filter in codirectional mode of operation, which has the structure of a directional coupler filter with at least two adjacent waveguides having different refractive indices. The inventive filter must exhibit a spectral bandwidth of the filter transmission curve in the range from 50 GHz to 400 GHz for a high resolution in order to be tuneable and it must be producible in a more straightforward and more cost-effective manner, with dimensional tolerances higher than those of InP based add/drop filters. For that purpose, the material of the two waveguides is composed of two different classes of materials having different optical parameters.

Abstract: Method and apparatus are provided for visibly outlining the energy zone to be measured by a radiometer. The method comprises the steps of providing a laser sighting device on the radiometer adapted to emit more than two laser beams against a surface whose temperature is to be measured and positioning said laser beams about the energy zone to outline said energy zone. The apparatus comprises a laser sighting device adapted to emit more than two laser beams against the surface and means to position said laser beams about the energy zone to outline said energy zone. The laser beams may be rotated about the periphery of the energy zone. The laser beams may be rotated about the periphery of the energy zone. In another embodiment, a pair of laser beams are projected on opposite sides of the energy zone. The laser beams may be further pulsed on and off in a synchronized manner so as to cause a series of intermittent lines to outline the energy zone.

Abstract: A self-calibrating nulling radiometer for non-contact temperature measurement of an object, such as a body of water, employs a black body source as a temperature reference, an optomechanical mechanism, e.g., a chopper, to switch back and forth between measuring the temperature of the black body source and that of a test source, and an infrared detection technique. The radiometer functions by measuring radiance of both the test and the reference black body sources; adjusting the temperature of the reference black body so that its radiance is equivalent to the test source; and, measuring the temperature of the reference black body at this point using a precision contact-type temperature sensor, to determine the radiative temperature of the test source.

Abstract: To provide a radiation thermometer capable of measuring a body temperature more accurately than it has been conventionally possible, by taking into account an infrared ray that is emitted from a front end of the probe portion and reflected from an eardrum or an external acoustic opening. The radiation thermometer has body temperature calculating means for calculating a body temperature according to a predetermined arithmetic expression based on an emissivity when the emissivity of the eardrum or the external acoustic opening is less than 1, an output of infrared-ray detecting means and an output of temperature-measuring means.

Abstract: An infrared thermometer includes: a thermal-mass sleeve concentrically mounted in a probe of the thermometer main body having a flat front rim of the probe, an infrared sensor thermally conductively secured to a bottom portion of the thermal-mass sleeve and connected to a printed circuit board fixed in the main body, and a disposable hygienic cap covering the probe, with the thermal-mass sleeve defining a conical hole tapered inwardly from an outer larger opening of the sleeve towards the bottom portion of the sleeve for passing the infrared radiation waves from a larger target surface of a patient's forehead artery sensing area, whereby the flat front rim of the probe will be planarly rested upon the patient's forehead surface for a comfortable reliable body-temperature measurement.

Abstract: The present invention provides a temperature detective structure of an ear thermometer, wherein a through receiving space is formed at the center of a fixing seat, and a radiation sensor is disposed at the top inside the receiving space. A heat-spreading sheet is fixedly disposed at the bottom end of the radiation sensor to fix the radiation sensor. A plurality of fixing ribs are annularly disposed on the inner wall of a shell cover to retain the fixing seat in the shell cover. A funneled opening is formed at the top of the shell cover to expose the radiation sensor. The present invention has good sensing effect and a low manufacturing cost.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical method and to an optical device based on a laser source for implementing the optical method for nonintrusively measuring the temperature of a flowing liquid by using the fluorescence induced by a laser beam in a measurement volume (3) of the liquid, the process consisting in using a single temperature-sensitive fluorescent tracer and at least two separate spectral detection windows on this same tracer, after molecular dilution of said tracer in said liquid medium.

Abstract: A themometer for measuring a body temperature by using infrared rays and on the basis of a measuring method in which a measurement error fluctuates depending upon the length of the measuring time including computation time. The measuring time is calculated on the basis of a required measurement error, so that a temperature can be measured in a suitable time corresponding to a required allowable error. A probe is formed of a porous structure so as to improve the heat insulating effect thereof, and an auxiliary adapter is provided to permit the thermometer to be fitted better in the earhole in spite of an individual difference in size thereof with the function of reporting a relative ovulation date based on a desired delivery date also incorporated in the themometer.