Abstract: An X-ray imaging system using multiple pulsed X-ray sources to perform highly efficient and ultrafast 3D radiography is presented. There are multiple pulsed X-ray sources mounted on a structure in motion to form an array of sources. The multiple X-ray sources move simultaneously relative to an object on a pre-defined arc track at a constant speed as a group. Electron beam inside each individual X-ray tube is deflected by magnetic or electrical field to move focal spot a small distance. When focal spot of an X-ray tube beam has a speed that is equal to group speed but with opposite moving direction, the X-ray source and X-ray flat panel detector are activated through an external exposure control unit so that source tube stay momentarily standstill equivalently. 3D scan can cover much wider sweep angle in much shorter time and image analysis can also be done in real-time.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for performing dynamic phase correction includes obtaining, at a processor, phase-contrast image data acquired by a photon-counting detector, wherein the photon-counting detector includes a plurality of subareas and each subarea includes a plurality of pixels configured to generate a measurable parameter in response to X-ray photons. The method also includes detecting, via the processor, motion within the phase-contrast image data within a sampling window for multiple subareas of the plurality of subareas. The method further includes estimating, via the processor, motion-correcting parameters for the detected motion within at least one subarea of the multiple subareas. The method still further includes generating, via the processor, a motion-corrected image based on the estimated motion-correcting parameters.

Abstract: A CNT X-ray tube control system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a CNT X-ray tube including an anode electrode, a gate electrode, and a cathode electrode, and configured to generate X-rays from electric field emission; a dummy load including an anode electrode, a gate electrode, and a cathode electrode, and configured not to generate X-rays, the dummy load being connected to the CNT X-ray tube in parallel; a high-voltage part configured to control a voltage applied to the CNT X-ray tube; and a controller configured to control the CNT X-ray tube, the dummy load, and the high-voltage part. Particularly, a portable X-ray generation apparatus reduced in size can be provided, the apparatus including the dummy load having the same structure as a CNT to minimize the voltage variation of the high-voltage part during the ON/OFF operation of the CNT.

Abstract: A method of analyzing a medical image includes acquiring a correction parameter computed based on a correlation between a first morphological value that is acquired from a first medical image acquired under a first scan condition and is related to a target element, and a second morphological value that is acquired from a second medical image acquired under a second scan condition and is related to the target element. A target medical image is acquired under the second scan condition. A target region related to the target element is acquired by segmenting the target medical image into regions corresponding to elements including the target element. A target morphological value related to the target element is based on voxel data corresponding to the target region. A corrected morphological value is based on the target morphological value and the correction parameter. A morphological index is outputted based on the corrected morphological value.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and computer-readable storage medium for controlling exposure/irradiation during a main three-dimensional X-ray imaging scan using at least one spatially-distributed characteristic of a pre-scan/scout scan preceding the main scan. The at least one spatially-distributed characteristic includes (1) a spatially-distributed noise characteristic of the pre-scan and/or (2) a spatially-distributed identification of exposure-sensitive tissue types. The at least one spatially-distributed characteristic can be calculated from images reconstructed from sinogram/projection data and/or from sinogram/projection directly using a neural network.

Abstract: An X-ray imaging system includes a gantry with moving and stationary parts on moving and stationary sides, respectively, the parts communicatively coupled via a data communication system. The moving part includes an X-ray source to emit X-rays; an X-ray detector configured to generate detector data; and on-moving-gantry processing circuitry. The on-moving-gantry processing circuitry is configured to determine, for each of a number of partial data sets of the generated detector data, a metric value of at least one metric, the metric value being translatable into a type of data management for the partial data set among at least two different types of data management. The processing circuitry further configured to decide, for each partial data set, how it set is to be treated based on the determined metric value of the at least one metric and to selectively effectuate data management according to the corresponding type of data management.

Abstract: A multimodal imaging apparatus, comprising a rotatable gantry system positioned at least partially around a patient support, a first source of radiation coupled to the rotatable gantry system, the first source of radiation configured for imaging radiation, a second source of radiation coupled to the rotatable gantry system, the second source of radiation configured for at least one of imaging radiation or therapeutic radiation, wherein the second source of radiation has an energy level more than the first source of radiation, and a second radiation detector coupled to the rotatable gantry system and positioned to receive radiation from the second source of radiation, and a processor configured to combine first measured projection data based on the radiation detected by the first detector with second measured projection data based on the radiation detected by the second detector, and reconstruct an image based on the combined data, wherein the reconstructing comprises at least one of correcting the second meas

Abstract: Various methods and systems are described for obtaining at least one CTA perfusion functional map from Time Resolved Helical CTA (TRH-CTA) image data. At least one processor may be configured to preprocess the TRH-CTA helical image data to generate preprocessed TRH-CTA helical image data; generate time density curve data for a plurality of voxels from the preprocessed TRH-CTA helical image data for an axial imaging slice, where the time density curve data comprise intensity values for different phases of the preprocessed TRH-CTA helical image data arranged sequentially in time; generate at least one perfusion functional map for the axial imaging slice by at least one of: (1) applying at least one mapping function to different phases of the time density curve data corresponding to the axial imaging slice; (2) applying a deconvolution method to the time density curve data; and (3) applying a non-deconvolution method to the time density curve data; and perform spatial filtering on the perfusion functional map.

Abstract: An X-ray imaging system using multiple pulsed X-ray sources to perform highly efficient and ultrafast 3D radiography is presented. There are multiple pulsed X-ray sources mounted on a structure in motion to form an array of sources. The multiple X-ray sources move simultaneously relative to an object on a pre-defined arc track at a constant speed as a group. Electron beam inside each individual X-ray tube is deflected by magnetic or electrical field to move focal spot a small distance. When focal spot of an X-ray tube beam has a speed that is equal to group speed but with opposite moving direction, the X-ray source and X-ray flat panel detector are activated through an external exposure control unit so that source tube stay momentarily standstill equivalently. 3D scan can cover much wider sweep angle in much shorter time and image analysis can also be done in real-time.

Abstract: The invention refers to a system for providing a spectral image using a conventional CT system. The system comprises a data providing unit (11) for providing first projection data and second projection data, wherein the first and second projection data have been acquired using different acquisition spectra, wherein the first projection data has been acquired during a scout scan and the second projection data has been acquired during a diagnostic scan, or wherein the first and second projection data have been acquired by a first and second part of the detector, respectively. The first and second part of the detector acquire projection data with different acquisition spectra. A spectral image generation unit (12) generates a spectral image based on the projection data. With this system a spectral image can be provided using a conventional CT system with a decreased acquisition time.

Abstract: An X-ray imaging system using multiple pulsed X-ray sources to perform highly efficient and ultrafast 3D radiography is presented. There are multiple pulsed X-ray sources mounted on a structure in motion to form an array of sources. The multiple X-ray sources move simultaneously relative to an object on a pre-defined arc track at a constant speed as a group. Electron beam inside each individual X-ray tube is deflected by magnetic or electrical field to move focal spot a small distance. When focal spot of an X-ray tube beam has a speed that is equal to group speed but with opposite moving direction, the X-ray source and X-ray flat panel detector are activated through an external exposure control unit so that source tube stay momentarily standstill equivalently. 3D scan can cover much wider sweep angle in much shorter time and image analysis can also be done in real-time.

Abstract: Noise is reduced for a medical image for which noise cannot be quantified by a general-purpose image quality evaluation index. An image processor has a preprocessor that generates input images including an original image and one or more images with reduced noise compared with the original image; and a noise reduction processor outputs an image, which is obtained by reducing noise from the original image based on the input images, by applying a learned network. The learned network used in the noise reduction processor is constructed by performing deep learning using a plurality of learning sets in which one or more of a medical image including noise, a noise-reduced image obtained by performing noise reduction processing on the medical image, and an intermediate image obtained during the noise reduction processing are input images and a correct image is obtained based on the input images an output image.

Abstract: A computed tomography (CT) image processing apparatus and a CT image processing method are provided. The CT image processing apparatus may generate a virtual monochromatic image (VMI) by applying a weight to each of first, second, and third images corresponding to three different energy ranges. The CT image processing apparatus may set a region of interest (ROI) on a CT image, determine a VMI at an energy level at which a CNR of the ROI is at a maximum among a plurality of VMIs, and display the determined VMI.

Abstract: Provided are a feature processing method and feature processing system for machine learning. The feature processing method includes: (A) acquiring a data record, wherein the data record comprises at least one piece of attribute information; (B) for each of the continuous features generated based on at least a some of the attribute information in the at least one piece of attribute information, executing a basic binning operation and at least one additional operation to generate a basic binning feature and at least one additional feature corresponding to each of the continuous features; and (C) generating a machine learning sample at least comprising the generated basic binning feature and at least one additional feature.

Abstract: A non-transitory storage medium stores instructions readable and executable by an electronic processor (20) to perform a method (100) for estimating singles rates for detectors (16) of a detector array (14) of a positron emission tomography (PET) imaging device (12).

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an X-ray exposure area regulation method, a storage medium, and an X-ray system. The X-ray exposure area regulation method may include: monitoring the state of an object under test (OUT) in real time and acquiring an initial image of the OUT when the state of the OUT satisfies the preset condition, determining an area of interest (AOI) in said initial image, and setting said X-ray exposure area based on the information of said AOI. Automatic regulation of an exposure area in the X-ray system can be realized according to the OUT. This not only facilitates operations and improves test efficiency, but also frees patients from exposure to unnecessary radiations.

Abstract: Various aspects include methods for use in X-ray detectors for adjusting count measurements from pixel detectors within a pixelated detector module to correct for the effects of pileup events that occur when more than one photon is absorbed in a pixel detector during a deadtime of the detector system. In various embodiments, count measurements may be obtained at two different X-ray tube currents, from which the detector system deadtime may be calculated based on the two count measurements and a ratio of the two X-ray tube currents. Using the calculated deadtime, a pileup correction factor may be determined appropriate for the behavior of the detector system in response to pileup events. The pileup correction factor may be applied to pixel detector count values after the counts have been corrected for pixel-to-pixel differences using a flat field correction.

Abstract: A method is for the characterization of plaque in a region of interest inside an examination subject by way of a plurality of image data sets. The image data sets have been reconstructed from a plurality of projection data sets, which have been acquired via a CT device using different X-ray energy spectra. The method includes: acquiring the image data sets, which include a plurality of pixels. Spectral parameter values are acquired on a pixel by pixel basis using at least two image data sets. Character parameter values are then acquired on a pixel by pixel basis to characterize plaques on the basis of the spectral parameter values. An analysis unit and a computed tomography system are also disclosed.

Abstract: A system, method and computer readable storage medium for generating a context driven summary view of medical findings by retrieving a current study including at least one image to be analyzed, extracting current context information from the current study and storing the current context information in a database and matching the current context information with prior context information from prior studies to return a set of relevant prior studies.

Abstract: There is provided a circuit (502; 503; 504) configured for operation with a multi-bin photon-counting x-ray detector (20) having multiple energy thresholds, wherein said circuit (502; 503; 504) is configured to obtain or generate several Total Time-Over-Threshold (TTOT) signals corresponding to several different energy thresholds, and provide energy integrating information based on said several TTOT signals.

Abstract: A computer aided scanning method for a medical device is provided in the present invention, comprising step 1: recognizing and analyzing a pre-scan image through a pre-trained neural network to determine and identify a region of interest in the pre-scan image; and step 2: determining, according to feature information of the identified region of interest, scanning parameters for further scanning of the region of interest. A medical device employing the above method and a computer readable storage medium for performing the method are further provided in the present invention. The method, the medical device, and the readable storage medium provided by the present invention can automatically identify a region of interest, determine a corresponding auxiliary line and subsequent scanning parameters, and improve the scanning efficiency and accuracy of the medical device.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method and a system for computed tomography imaging. The method may comprise obtaining original data; obtaining a preprocessing result by preprocessing the original data; obtaining intensity of the artifact based on the preprocessing result; and updating a damaged channel or the air correction table based on the intensity of the artifact. Updating the air correction table may comprise: obtaining a first air correction table corresponding to a first temperature of detector; obtaining real-time temperature of detector; and obtaining a second air correction table corresponding to the real-time temperature based on the real-time temperature and the first air correction table.

Abstract: Methods, devices, systems, and apparatus for controlling pulse pileup are provided. In one aspect, a method of controlling pulse pileup includes: obtaining scan protocol parameters of a computed tomography (CT) device, the scan protocol parameters including an exposure voltage, an exposure duration for each revolution of a scanning of an object, and a number of views for each revolution, determining an angle of a radioactive source for an i-th view based on the number of views and an initial position of the radioactive source, obtaining an optimal exposure current for the i-th view under the exposure voltage by minimizing an output value of an objective function for the i-th view, and determining a current view based on the exposure duration for each revolution and a current exposure moment to perform the scanning on the object with the optimal exposure current for the current view.

Abstract: This X-ray fluoroscopic imaging apparatus includes a first arm, a second arm, and a controller. The controller is configured to move a second base to move the second arm to a position where the second arm does not interfere with the first arm when the first arm and the second arm interfere with each other and change the angle of the second arm so that the angle of the second arm becomes a predetermined imaging angle to arrange the first arm and the second arm at positions where the first arm and the second arm do not interfere with each other to perform imaging.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for image processing is provided. The method includes acquiring multiple multi-energy spectral scan datasets and computing basis material images representative of multiple basis materials from the multi-energy spectral scan datasets, wherein the multiple basis material images include correlated noise. The method also includes jointly denoising the multiple basis material images in at least a spectral domain utilizing a deep learning-based denoising network to generate multiple de-noised basis material images.

Abstract: A radiation phase contrast imaging device includes an X-ray source, an X-ray detector configured to detect radiated X-rays, a plurality of gratings, an image processor configured to generate a reconstructed image from an X-ray image acquired from the X-ray detector, a display, and a controller configured or programmed to perform control to display, on the display, the X-ray image before reconstruction and the reconstructed image generated by the image processor.

Abstract: Various aspects include methods and devices for reducing the scanning time for an X-ray diffraction scanner system by increasing the count rate or efficiency of the energy discriminating X-ray detector. In a first embodiment, the count rate of the energy discriminating X-ray detector is increased by increasing the number of detectors counting X-ray scatter photon in particular energy bins by configuring individual pixel detectors within a 2-D X-ray detector array to count photons within specific energy bins. In a second embodiment, the gain of amplifier components in the detector processing circuitry is increased in order to increase the energy resolution of the detector. In a third embodiment, the individual pixel detectors within a 2-D X-ray detector array are configured to count photons within specific energy bins and the gain of amplifier components in the detector processing circuitry is increased in order to increase the energy resolution of the detector.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, medical image diagnostic apparatus includes a bed, a display, and processing circuitry. The bed movably supports a top plate. The display displays a setting window for setting an acquisition time of PET event data for each acquisition area. The processing circuitry sets an acquisition time for each acquisition area in response to a setting instruction of the acquisition time for each acquisition area. The acquisition area includes a unit acquisition area or a plurality of unit acquisition areas which overlap with each other with variable overlap ratio. The unit acquisition area corresponds to a coverage of a gamma ray detector. The processing circuitry adjusts the overlap ratio of at least one of two neighboring acquisition areas so that the boundary of the neighboring acquisition areas is set to a position designated by a user.

Abstract: A method for operating a medical imaging apparatus includes acquiring an intensity distribution of an X-ray radiation by a first X-ray detector assigned to a first radiation source. A scattered radiation distribution of scattered radiation generated at the object is acquired by a second X-ray detector. A spatial distribution for the component of the scattered radiation is estimated based on the scattered radiation distribution acquired by the second X-ray detector. An intensity distribution of the component of the transmitted primary X-ray radiation is determined from the intensity distribution acquired by the first X-ray detector depending on the estimated spatial distribution.

Abstract: A method is for controlling an x-ray imaging device, in particular a computed tomography device. The x-ray imaging device includes an x-ray source and a photon counting detector as an x-ray detector. The methods includes, for an image acquisition process of a patient: determining at least one input parameter relating to at least one of an attenuation property of the patient and a purpose of the image acquisition; at least one of determining or adapting at least one operation parameter of the x-ray detector, dependent upon the at least one input parameter determined; and performing the image acquisition using the at least one operation parameter determined or adapted.

Abstract: A detector signal is corrected by superimposing the detector signal with a correction signal. For providing a valid correction signal, a sampling pulse is periodically or randomly provided. The sampling pulse serves as the initiator for sampling a process signal. During the sampling, the process signal is observed. In case a pulse at the process signal is detected, the sampling is assumed as not being suitable to correct the detector signal, since the pulse affects the process signal. Otherwise, the process signal is further observed during a validation period to validate whether the sampled process value of the process signal has already been influenced by an upcoming pulse at the process signal. In case the sampling is assumed as valid, the sampled process value is used as a basis for providing the correction signal.

Abstract: A method for converting spectral CT datasets into electron density datasets with applications in the fields of medical image formation or radiation treatment planning. The method comprises a preparation method that fits free parameters of a generalized electron density prediction model based on obtained electron density values such as data on tissue substitutes, and a conversion method using the fitted parameter prediction model and spectrally decomposed CT data as first and second inputs, respectively. The method is particularly useful in dual-energy CT and more specifically in dual layer detector CT systems.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for processing projection data. The method may include obtaining a first image generated by performing a first scan to a subject by a first imaging device; determining first projection data based on the first image, the first projection data corresponding to a first area of the subject; obtaining second projection data by performing a second scan of the subject using a second imaging device, the second projection data corresponding to a second area of the subject, the first area at least partially overlapping with the second area in an overlapping area; determining registered first projection data by registering the first projection data to the second projection data with respect to the overlapping area; determining scatter component based on the registered first projection data and the second projection data, the scatter component including low-frequency scattered radiation signals.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an X-ray imaging apparatus and control method thereof, for guiding the user to intuitively recognize an actual dose of X-rays and select a proper dose, ultimately a condition for low dose of X-ray irradiation by providing the user with information about an actual X-ray dose to which an X-ray filter effect is reflected. In accordance with an aspect of the disclosure, an X-ray imaging apparatus includes: an X-ray source configured to generate and irradiate X-rays according to an X-ray irradiation condition including at least one of a tube voltage, a tube current, or a filter; a display configured to provide a graphic user interface to receive a choice about the X-ray irradiation condition; and a controller configured to obtain a parameter that represents a dose of radiation, to which an influence of the filter is reflected, based on the selected X-ray irradiation condition and control the display to display the parameter.

Abstract: A method of processing a signal measured by an energy-resolving detector after passage of radiation through a sample includes receiving a measured count rate for photonic interactions with the detector, fitting a signal model to the detected counts, wherein the signal model is configured to account for a pulse-pile-up effect, the signal model representing a conditional expectation of a frequency of at least uni-directional pulse crossing of at least one energy level, given a physical quantity of a material in the sample, wherein the signal model is expressed in terms of a Fourier representation of a pulse height variable.

Abstract: Based on counts detected by a photon counting detector, a characteristic of X-ray attenuation amounts ?t is acquired for each X-ray energy bin. This characteristic is defined by a plurality of mutually different known thicknesses t and linear attenuation coefficients in the X-ray transmission direction. This substance is composed of a material which is included in an object and which is the same in type as the object or which can be regarded as being similar to the object in terms of the effective atomic number. Correcting data for replacing the characteristic of the X-ray attenuation amounts ?t by a linear target characteristic are calculated. The linear target characteristic is set to pass through the origin of a two-dimensional coordinate having a lateral axis assigned to thicknesses t and a longitudinal axis assigned to the X-ray attenuation amounts ?t. The correcting data are calculated for each X-ray energy bin.

Abstract: A source for generating ionizing radiation and in particular x-rays, to an assembly includes a plurality of sources and to a process for producing the source. The source for generating ionizing radiation comprises: a vacuum chamber; a cathode that is able to emit an electron beam into the vacuum chamber; an anode that receives the electron beam and that comprises a target that is able to generate ionizing radiation from the energy received from the electron beam; and an electrode that is placed in the vicinity of the cathode and forming a wehnelt. The electrode is formed from a conductive surface adhering to a concave face of a dielectric.

Abstract: A tomosynthesis imaging apparatus includes: a radiation detector having an imaging surface that detects radiation transmitted through an object and captures a projection image of the object; a radiation source that has a plurality of radiation tubes which emit the radiation to the imaging surface at different irradiation angles and selectively irradiates the object with the radiation from each of the plurality of radiation tubes; and a radiation source control unit that performs movement control for moving at least one of the plurality of radiation tubes to change the radiation irradiation angle of the radiation tube with respect to the imaging surface.

Abstract: A tomosynthesis imaging apparatus includes: a radiation detector having an imaging surface that detects radiation transmitted through an object and captures a projection image of the object; a radiation source that has a plurality of radiation tubes which emit the radiation to the imaging surface at different irradiation angles and selectively irradiates the object with the radiation from each of the plurality of radiation tubes; and a radiation source control unit that performs focal position control for switching between positions of focuses where the radiation is emitted for at least one of the plurality of radiation tubes to change the radiation irradiation angle of the radiation tube with respect to the imaging surface.

Abstract: An imaging system (400) includes a radiation source (408) configured to emit X-ray radiation, a detector array (410) configured to detected X-ray radiation and generate projection data indicative thereof, and a first processing chain (418) configured to reconstruct the projection data and generate a noise only image. A method includes receiving projection data produced by an imaging system and processing the projection data with a first processing chain configured to reconstruct the projection data and generate a noise only image. A processor is configured to: scan an object or subject with an x-ray imaging system and generating projection data, process the projection data with a first processing chain configured to reconstruct the projection data and generate a noise only image, process the projection data with a second processing chain configured to reconstruct the projection data and generate a structure image, and de-noise the structure image based on the noise only image.

Abstract: Information of constituent substances of an object is reconstructed with high accuracy without being influenced by a decrease in measurement accuracy even if measurement in which a tube voltage is changed is not performed. A CT apparatus includes: a detection unit configured to obtain measurement information based on a detection result of radiation irradiated based on a constant tube voltage; an obtaining unit configured to obtain second measurement information of the radiation based on a moment of the measurement information obtained by detecting the radiation a plurality of times; a classification unit configured to classify an object into a plurality of substances; and a reconstruction unit configured to reconstruct the information of the constituent substances of the object based on the second information.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a sensitivity correction method includes acquiring count rates for respective pixels in a photon counting detector; preparing incident dose adjustment materials for the respective pixels based on the count rates for the respective pixels; and providing the incident dose adjustment materials in a surface of the photon counting detector.

Abstract: A radiography apparatus includes: a radiation detector having an imaging surface that detects radiation transmitted through an object and captures a projection image of the object; and a radiation source that has a plurality of radiation tubes which emit the radiation to the imaging surface at different irradiation angles and includes a plurality of units in which the plurality of radiation tubes are divided and accommodated.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a data processing method and device. The data processing method comprises steps of: performing detector response calibration based on a detector response obtained by an incidence of rays with known energy into a detector to obtain a detector response model; obtaining a photon counting model of the detector between incident energy spectrum data of the detector and detected energy spectrum data of the detector based on the detector response model; and performing a deconvolution operation on counts of photons in respective energy regions in the detected energy spectrum data of the detector based on the photon counting model of the detector, to obtain real counts of photons in respective energy regions in the incident energy spectrum data of the detector.

Abstract: A method and apparatus correct a computed tomography (CT) image with motion artifacts. The method of correcting a CT image may include: obtaining a reconstruction image of an object by reconstructing an X-ray projection image; measuring a parameter value related to motion artifacts that occur due to movement of the object in at least one of the X-ray projection image or the reconstruction image; calculating a correction possibility for the reconstruction image based on the measured parameter value; and determining whether to perform correction on the reconstruction image based on the calculated correction possibility.

Abstract: The disclosed system includes an emitter array for generating x-rays, a detector array for sensing a flux of x-rays transmitted through a region of interest; apparatus for holding, moving and aligning the emitter array relative to the region of interest and the detector array; electronic means for controlling the emitters and for reading and analyzing the output from the detectors and converting it to image data, and a display for displaying and manipulating the image data. The individual emitters are operated in multiple groups each illuminating a region of interest between the emitter array and the detector array such that the cone of radiation rays projected on the detector array from any single emitter in any one such group is substantially spatially separated from the corresponding projected cones from all other emitters in that same group.

Abstract: In order to determine noise intensity more accurately by a projection data division method using data after fan-parallel conversion, a plurality of projection data obtained by irradiating a scan object with radiations are received and subjected to prescribed data conversion; data after the conversion is divided into two or more sets; a reconstructed image is generated for each set of data; and the generated reconstructed image for each of the sets is subtracted to generate a difference image. An index indicating pixel value variation for at least one prescribed region on the difference image is calculated, the value of the index is corrected by a previously calculated correction value, and the corrected index value is regarded as noise intensity of the region.

Abstract: An X-ray image diagnostic apparatus according to an embodiment includes a photon counting X-ray detector, calibration circuitry, and image generating circuitry. The photon counting X-ray detector includes a plurality of detection elements each of which is configured to detect X-rays and output a detection signal. The calibration circuitry calibrates a detection signal of each of the detection elements using a correction value calculated from a plurality of signals output from the detection elements and corresponding to a plurality of X-ray application conditions relating to continuous X-rays. The image generating circuitry generates an image using the calibrated detection signals of the detection elements.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for providing an optimized energy bin parameter set for photon-counting spectral computed tomography. In one embodiment, the method includes receiving photon-counting spectral computed tomography data related to a plurality of energy bins and an initial energy bin parameter set; and performing iteration steps of a plurality of iteration steps. An input of the first iteration step of the plurality of iteration steps includes the initial energy bin parameter set as an input energy bin parameter set and the input of each further iteration step of the plurality of iteration steps includes an adjusted energy bin parameter set calculated in the preceding iteration step of the plurality of iteration steps as the input energy bin parameter set.

Abstract: A method may include obtaining a first set of projection data with respect to a first dose level; reconstructing, based on the first set of projection data, a first image; determining a second set of projection data based on the first set of projection data, the second set of projection data relating to a second dose level that is lower than the first dose level; reconstructing a second image based on the second set of projection data; and training a first neural network model based on the first image and the second image. In some embodiments, the trained first neural network model may be configured to convert a third image to a fourth image, the fourth image exhibiting a lower noise level and corresponding to a higher dose level than the third image.