Abstract: An optical device wherein an optical waveguide is formed on a dielectric substrate, the optical device includes an input part and an output part where the optical waveguide and corresponding optical fibers are connected. A stress layer is provided for at least one of the input part and the output part. The stress layer applies a stress to the optical waveguide so that an index of refraction of the optical waveguide is reduced.

Abstract: Optical signals are passed in an optical medium using an approach that facilitates the mitigation of interference. According to an example embodiment, a filtering-type approach is used with an optical signal conveyed in an optical fiber, such as a multimode fiber (MMF) or a multimode waveguide. Adaptive spatial domain signal processing, responsive to a feedback signal indicative of data conveyed in the multimode waveguide, is used to mitigate interference in optical signals conveyed in the multimode waveguide.

Abstract: An optical planar wavelength selective filter is formed on a printed circuit substrate. Low optical loss polymers are used to make a layered structure that contains waveguides and free travel zones. A diffraction grating is strategically placed on the printed circuit substrate so that light from one waveguide is diffracted by the grating to exit the free travel zone and pass through the other waveguides. The low optical loss polymer is a reaction product of the hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction of organically functionalized alkoxysilanes. With a proper grating, the apparatus can be used as an optical triplexer at frequencies of 1310, 1490, and 1550 nanometers.

Abstract: A resonator is provided which is produced by a defect formed in a three-dimensional photonic crystal. The three-dimensional photonic crystal can include layers containing a plurality of columnar structures with discrete structures in sublayers.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for monitoring one or more environmental parameters using interferometric sensor(s), a cross-correlator, a two-dimensional photosensitive array and optical focusing means are described. The method and apparatus allows for near simultaneous monitoring of the parameter(s) of interest.

Abstract: A photonic crystal is configured with wavelength converting material to act as a concentrator for electromagnetic energy. The concentrator may also be configured with energy conversion devices to convert the electromagnetic energy into another form of energy.

Abstract: A Y branch circuit according to the present invention includes; a under clad; a circuit core, formed on the under clad and having a main core and two branch cores, connected to the main core, and an over clad that embeds the circuit core. The main core and the two branch cores are connected across an interval. The two branch cores have a width-to-height ratio of 50% to 150% and have a gap, at the main core end, that is narrower at the over clad side than at the under clad side.

Abstract: A plurality of light emitting elements 11 are arranged in parallel with a constant pitch to provide a semiconductor laser bar 10. An optical waveguide 20 has a core part 21 for guiding a light emitted from each of the light emitting elements 11 and a cladding part 22 formed around the core part 21. An optical fiber 30 has a core 31 and a cladding 32 formed around the core 31 for confining the light to the core 31. The optical waveguide is bonded to a side surface of the optical fiber 30, and the light emitted from the semiconductor laser bar 10 is inputted to a side surface of the core 31 of the optical fiber 30 via the core part 21 of the optical waveguide 20.

Abstract: A light source is described where the light emitted by a solid-state light emitting device such as an LED is coupled into an optical waveguide such as an optical fiber. A highly reflective coupler (reflector) is disposed around the LED and a segment of the waveguide adjacent the LED. Light emitted from the LED that falls outside of the numerical aperture of the waveguide leaks out of the waveguide, but is reflected back to the waveguide by the reflector. The reflected light is re-reflected or scattered by the LED or the substrate the LED is mounted on, and the re-reflected or scattered light that falls within the numerical aperture of the waveguide is coupled into the waveguide. As a result, light coupling efficiency is increased and the output brightness of the light at the other end of the fiber is enhanced.

Abstract: A multi-port coupler for coupling an pumping light source to a cladding pump fiber for optical amplification, includes a central signal fiber and a plurality of pumping fibers arranged around the central signal fiber, the central signal fiber and the plurality of pumping fibers being unified and a front side is reduced in diameter, wherein an emitted light confining waveguide part is provided around a core of the signal fiber located at the center, and the emitted light confining waveguide part whose outer diameter is larger than that of the core has a higher refractive index than a cladding and a lower refractive index than the core and the emitted light confining waveguide part is formed continuously from a splicing point of the cladding pump fiber to a coupler front end branched into multiple fibers.

Abstract: A sensor apparatus includes a laser optically coupled to a photonic crystal structure configured to provide an evanescent field through a sensed medium region such that the photonic crystal structure functions as a cavity/resonator for the laser.

Abstract: An optical element combination structure in which an optical fiber and an optical waveguide are combined with each other and which can reduce fluctuation of coupling loss due to a change in environmental temperature is provided. The present invention relates to an optical element combination structure in which an optical fiber and an optical waveguide are combined with each other. An optical element combination structure according to the present invention 1 comprises an optical fiber 2 and a substrate 6 on which an optical waveguide 4 is formed. The substrate 6 has a V-shaped cross-sectional groove 8 formed so that the optical fiber and the optical waveguide are aligned with each other, and a recess 10 formed on a waveguide side relative to the groove 8. The optical fiber is secured to the V-shaped cross-sectional groove 8 with an adhesive 22.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a current sensing device. The current sensing device includes, inter alia, a three-by-three (3×3) optical coupler made of polarization-maintaining (PM) fibers and thus being a PM fiber coupler; a light source and at least one photon-detector connected to a first side of the 3×3 PM fiber coupler; and a fiber coil connected to a second side of the 3×3 PM fiber coupler. The 3×3 PM fiber coupler is adapted to split an input light from the light source into first and second optical signals while maintaining their respective polarization directions; and is adapted to cause coherent interference of third and fourth optical signals, related respectively to the first and second optical signals and received from the fiber coil.

Abstract: An integrated bi-directional transceiver device for multiple wavelength optical signals that has a high level of wavelength isolation at the receivers of the device and low cross-talk of light between an external laser transmitter and the receivers. A WDM planar light wave circuit (PLC) assembly combines high spatial light confinement waveguide structures and a variable thickness dielectric wavelength selective filter (WSF) on the surface of the device to reflect a first wavelength signal and to pass a second wavelength signal. Embodiments of the invention include branching waveguide structures and folded path waveguide assemblies with multiple WSF's.

Abstract: The technology described herein provides a low-cost three-port reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (ROADM) with an improved edge profile and add/drop flexibility. The technology described herein further provides a tunable spectral filter utilizing two sets of gratings and lenses and a two-axis micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) mirror with a selectively shaped cut-out disposed within the middle of the collimated optical path.

Abstract: A microchip includes optical layers with integrated waveguides and modulators. A continuous wave light beam coupled to incoming waveguide(s) is modulated and transmitted off-chip by outgoing waveguides coupled to optical interconnects.

Abstract: A multiple dwelling unit (MDU) optical fiber splitting unit (FBU). One or more fiber strands enters the FBU at the MDU. Each strand may be connected to a variable attenuator. Each strand is subject to a one to four split. Each of the four split fibers is connected to an optical connection interface such as an SC/ACP connector. Each optical output is connected to an MDU-ONT that supplies an optical interface to copper and cable infrastructure, enabling fiber-based services to be provided to units in an MDU with reduced installation costs and utilization of existing twisted pair and coaxial distribution lines.

Abstract: A polarization duobinary optical transmitter is disclosed. The transmitter includes a precoder for coding an electric signal and a light source for generating continuous light. The transmitter also includes a chirped-free modulator for generating an NRZ signal including first and second polarization light beams orthogonal to each other by modulating the light with the electric signal and a band-pass filter for limiting neighbor frequency bands between the first and second polarization light beams.

Abstract: The application of microstructures which improve the quality of light available to the viewer of an optical display system, or any display which works on the concept of moving one surface into direct contact or close proximity of a light guide to extract light through frustrated total internal reflection. Optical microstructures are introduced on one or both of the surfaces of the active layer to enhance its performance. Since the active layer has both an input and an output function, means for enhancing both are presented. The input function to the active layer occurs on the internal surface, so this is where the present invention adds a collector-coupler, a means for facilitating the migration of light from the waveguide into the active layer.

Abstract: A lighted vehicle marker, light conducting rod or lightable rod with quick disconnect capabilities is disclosed herein. The lightable rod can have a hollow core and can be made from a translucent material. The lightable rod can have an integrated coupler that is connectable to a mating coupler, wherein the mating coupler can be secured to a vehicle by a mounting bracket. A light source can be secured within the mating coupler such that the light source can shine a light beam into a fiber optic member in the bore of the hollow translucent rod. The couplers can have a hollow core, wherein light from the light source can travel the length of the flexible light conducting rod and be emitted uniformly along the rod.

Abstract: The present invention provides a splitter. The splitter includes a substrate and a layer formed on the substrate. The layer is patterned such that a signal applied to at least one input port is provided to a plurality of output ports. The relative power of the signal provided at each of the plurality of output ports is determined by at least one property of the substrate and at least one property of the layer.

Abstract: An optical switch device includes a first array (20) of reflectors (22), each associated with a separate optical fiber input (12), and a second array (30) of reflectors (32), each associated with a separate fiber output (14). The reflectors (22 and 32) are positionable to direct an optical signal from any one of the fiber inputs (12) to any one of the fiber outputs (14). The optical signal is directed along an optical pathway between the desired fiber output (14) and its associated reflector that is substantially aligned with an axis extending centrally from the fiber output. Preferably, symmetrical fiber beam forming units for forming the optical signal into a focused beam are included between the fiber inputs (12) and the first array as well as between the second array (20) and the fiber outputs (14).

Abstract: An electromagnetically responsive element includes sets of arrangements of self-resonant bodies, such as atoms or quantum dots that form an effective dielectric constant, typically at or near a resonance.

Abstract: An all-fiber, phase controlled interferometer device is disclosed as well as its method of manufacture. This device is suitable for use in an optical DPSK demodulation system. It is comprised of two optical fiber couplers, each having two input and two output ports and two branches between the couplers of unequal length. The couplers have a splicing ratio of 50% over the wavelength operating range of the device. The two branches between the couplers are shaped to provide one bit of delay between the branches and are also shaped to make a compact device. Also, the two branches are formed in such a manner as to minimize birefringence in the device. In addition, a fiber heater is provided to heat the longer branch so as to obtain phase control of the interferometer. The method of producing such a device is also disclosed.

Abstract: An optical waveguide structure includes an air-via region that receives an optical signal from an optical source. A photonic crystal cladding region is formed on the surface of the air-via region. The photonic crystal cladding region confines the optical signal within the air-via region and propagates the optical signal along the axial direction while ensuring near complete transmission of the optical signal.

Abstract: A thin film transistor array substrate applied to a liquid crystal display device is provided with at least two storage capacitance lines electrically connected with each other. These electrically connected storage capacitance lines, which belong to two adjacent pixels at two sides of a scanning line, are connected with contact holes and conductive layer, and may eliminate the lateral crosstalk of the liquid crystal display device.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus for a one-way waveguide and/or a circular polarizer that includes a waveguide having a height, a width, a length and a wave propagation direction. A first wall of the waveguide has a first slanted groove. A second wall opposite the first wall of the waveguide has a second slanted groove. The first and second grooves are rotated clockwise around the wave propagation direction to approximate a helical groove. The present invention may also include a third slanted groove in a third wall adjacent to the first wall and second wall, a fourth slanted groove in a fourth wall opposite the third wall, and the first, second, third and fourth grooves are rotated clockwise around the wave propagation direction to approximate the helical groove.

Abstract: The present invention is a method and an apparatus for minimizing losses in wavelength selective filters. In one embodiment, an apparatus includes a waveguide bus defined in a first crystalline layer of the apparatus, for receiving incoming light, a resonator defined in the first crystalline layer, and a coupling structure defined in a second polysilicon or amorphous silicon layer of the apparatus, for coupling a selected wavelength of the incoming light from the waveguide bus to the resonator.

Abstract: A multimode fiber optical fiber transmission system includes an improved configuration for launching a single mode long wavelength transmission signal into existing multimode optical fiber networks. More specifically, the invention utilizes new single mode long wavelength VCSEL devices to realize a novel transmitter/transceiver for multimode fiber links where offset launch with controlled mode conditioning is achieved without the use of a mode conditioning patchcord, and in some embodiments, without the use of any collecting or focusing elements.

Abstract: A lens-equipped optical waveguide device for a touch panel includes an optical waveguide including an under cladding layer, and a plurality of cores formed on a surface of the under cladding layer with respective ends in parallel along one edge portion of the under cladding layer; and a lens device having amounting surface for placing the optical waveguide, and a lens formed in an end portion of the mounting surface. The one edge portion has an end surface which abuts the lens when the optical waveguide is placed on the lens device. The lens device is formed with a protrusion on its abutting surface for abutting the end surface, while the end surface is formed with a recess complementary to the protrusion so that the protrusion and the recess are meshed to cause the end surface and the abutting surface to be in intimate contact with each other.

Abstract: An optical waveguide includes a first end surface; a second end surface, such that the second end surface is smaller than the first end surface; and a body extending between the first end surface and the second end surface, the body defining a complexly-contoured outer surface. An optical waveguide includes a first end surface; a second end surface, such that the second end surface is smaller than the first end surface; and a body extending between the first end surface and the second end surface, the body comprising one of a gradient-index material and a step-index material.

Abstract: For integrated circuits including circuit packaging and circuit communication technologies provision is made for a method of interconnecting or mapping a two-dimensional optoelectronic (OE) device array to a one-dimensional waveguide array. Also provided is an arrangement for the interconnecting or mapping of a two-dimensional optoelectronic (OE) device array to a one-dimensional waveguide array.

Abstract: A microstructure optical adapter or tip according to the present disclosure may incorporate precision micro structure optical components engaging the input or output end of light energy delivery devices for customized light delivery of the light energy. The incorporation of precision micro structure optical components in injection molded plastic or glass parts will allow for inexpensive modification of the output light while also serving to protect the end of the illumination device. The micro structure optical components may also be incorporated in an adapter to tailor the light energy to the subsequent device.

Abstract: An optical waveguide includes a propagating light waveguide, a coupler including a photonic crystal, and a surface plasmon waveguide, the propagating light waveguide, the coupler, and the surface plasmon waveguide being disposed in one plane along a waveguiding direction.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention are related to photonic-interconnect systems for reading data from and writing data to memory cells of memory chips at approximately the same time. In one embodiment of the present invention, A photonic-interconnect system comprises a photonic interconnect coupled to a photonic device. The photonic interconnect is coupled to the memory chip and is configured to encode a first data set stored in the memory cells into a first set of electromagnetic signals at approximately the same time, decode a second data set encoded in a second set of electromagnetic signals at approximately the same time, and store the second data set in the memory cells. The photonic device is configured to transmit the first set of electromagnetic signals out from the photonic interconnect and transmit the second set of electromagnetic signals into the photonic interconnect.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides an optical detection sensor configured so as to irradiate exit light emitted from a light source onto an object to be measured, the object being disposed a relative distance away from an end face of a first optical fiber, and receive the reflection light therefrom with a second and a third optical fiber, thereby computing a displacement amount of the object.

Abstract: In a light source device, a row of fibers is provided in which a plurality of optical fibers is arrayed in a single row in parallel fashion separately from each other. A light-direction controller is disposed on one side of the optical fibers, main fibers is disposed above and below the light-direction controller, and a main fiber is disposed at the other end of the row of fibers. Light sources are connected to each of the end portions of the main fibers. Three types of mirrors that mutually differ in direction are formed on the surface of the light-direction controller, light emitted from a main fiber enters the optical fibers by way of a first mirror, and light emitted from a main fiber enters the optical fibers by way of a second mirror.

Abstract: A flickerless light source comprising at least two lightpipes with patterned surfaces, a single sided LED light source attached to one end of each lightpipes, and a coupler for holding the lighpipes together. The coupler comprises a hollow sleeve, a coupler with a reflective face, or a coupler with a dual sided LED light source is disclosed. The patterned surface of the lightpipes diffuse or reflect light emitted by the single and dual LED light sources and through the lightpipes to provide a light with uniform brightness and intensity. The coupler with reflective face reflects light back into the lighpipes. The coupler with the dual sided LED light source in addition to the single sided light sources emits light into the lightpipes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an acousto-optic device capable of extending the frequency band of SAWs being able to be generated by it, the acousto-optic device comprising: a light propagation unit for propagating light; a surface acoustic wave propagation unit capable of propagating a surface acoustic wave causing interaction with light which propagates in the light propagation unit; and a transducer electrode unit provided with a plurality of electrodes configured so as to correspond to a frequency band to be generated as the surface acoustic wave which propagates in the surface acoustic wave propagation unit.

Abstract: A waveguide conduit is constructed and adapted to capture the light emitted by the at least one nano-resonant structure. The nano-resonant structure emits light in response to excitation by a beam of charged particles, The source of charged particles may be an ion gun, a thermionic filament, a tungsten filament, a cathode, a field-emission cathode, a planar vacuum triode, an electron-impact ionizer, a laser ionizer, a chemical ionizer, a thermal ionizer, or an ion-impact ionizer.

Abstract: An optical module, including: an optical transmission line holding member having an optical semiconductor element mounting surface, an electrical interconnection layer formed on the mounting surface, and an optical transmission line guide hole with an opening on the mounting surface; an optical transmission line inserted into the guide hole; an optical semiconductor element, mounted on the mounting surface, having an electrode and a light-receiving or light-emitting area on a surface facing the mounting surface; an electrical connection portion which electrically connects the electrode and the interconnection layer, formed between the semiconductor element and the mounting surface; a first resin filling a space around the connection portion between the semiconductor element and the mounting surface; and a second resin filling a gap between the optical transmission line and the semiconductor element, with a property different from that of the first resin, and a method of manufacturing the module.

Abstract: Multi-loop opto-electronic oscillators using tunable RF or microwave filters that achieve signal filtering in RF or microwave frequencies by optical filtering and signal tuning by optical tuning.

Abstract: A lighting and/or signalling device, in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising at least one light source emitting light rays and at least one optical guide in which the light beam spreads, the at least one optical guide comprising at at least one of its ends an input face coupling the at least one optical guide and the at least one light source, a first surface forming an output face for the light beam, and a second surface, in particular remote from the output face, forming a face for reflection of the light rays, such that the at least one optical guide has at least one bend, the at least one optical guide in the region of the at least one bend having at least one corner protruding toward the outside of the at least one bend and bevelled by having two facets in order to send back the incident rays into the at least one optical guide.

Abstract: An optical modulator comprises a Z-cut lithium niobate substrate (21) on which is formed a Mach-Zehnder interferometer having two generally parallel waveguides (23, 25) lying beneath a buffer layer of dielectric material (27). First and second ground electrodes (29, 33) and a hot electrode (31) are disposed on the buffer layer (27), the first and second ground electrodes (29, 33) being spaced either side of the hot electrode (31), the hot electrode (31) and the first ground electrode (29) being proximate to at least apart of the respective waveguides (25, 23). The electrode structure is unsymmetrical in that (a) the hot electrode and the first ground electrode each have a width substantially less than that of the second ground electrode and or (b) the spacing between the first ground and hot electrodes is different from the spacing between the second ground and hot electrodes. whereby a range of chirp values can be obtained.

Abstract: A method of filtering optical signals (300) utilizing an optical fiber (100A-100D). The method of filtering optical signals (300) includes the steps (304) selecting an optical fiber (100A-100D) coupled to a source of optical signals, (306) disposing a core (102) in the bore (103) of the optical fiber (100A-100D) formed of a core material (105), (308) selecting a core material (105) to provide a waveguide within the optical fiber (100A-100D), (310) disposing an optical grating (114-1) in a first optical cladding layer (104) disposed about the core (102), (312) propagating an optical signal within the optical fiber (100A-100D) guided substantially within the core (102), (314) modifying a propagation path of selected wavelengths comprising said optical signal with the optical grating (114-1), and (316) determining selected wavelengths for which the propagation path is modified by selectively varying an energetic stimulus to the core (102) thereby tuning the waveguide.

Abstract: The optical multiplexer/demultiplexer 100 includes a member 110 on which optical waveguides 111 to 114 and a groove 115 are formed and an optical filter 120 inserted in the groove 115. The member 110 is a planar optical waveguide where the optical waveguides 111 to 114 are formed on one surface thereof, and the groove 115 is formed thereon. Before the groove 115 is formed, the optical wave guide 111 and the optical waveguide 114 are a continuous optical waveguide; and the optical waveguide 112 and the optical waveguide 113 are a continuous optical waveguide. A straight groove 115 is formed so as to go through an intersecting point of the two continuous optical waveguides. The optical waveguides 111 and 114 are formed straightly on the member 110.

Abstract: An optoelectronic coupling structure, a method of manufacture, and a method of operation are described. The optical coupling structure includes a waveguide that is formed within a device layer of an SOI substrate. A prism is located on a bottom side of the SOI substrate. A BOX layer of the SOI substrate, which is interposed between the prism and the waveguide, serves as a spacer region, which promotes an optical coupling of the prism to the waveguide. By positioning the prism below the waveguide, an optoelectronic IC may more readily accommodate a prism. The prism may be directly fabricated in a bulk layer of the SOI substrate or directly bonded to a bottom side surface of the BOX layer.

Abstract: A coupled resonator includes a plurality of resonators such that at least one of the resonators is modified so as to adjust the resonant frequency associated with the coupled resonator.

Abstract: A free-space optical switch for switching light beams between waveguides of planar lightwave circuits (PLCs). Switching is accomplished using a combination of lenses and micromirrors. The lenses and the controlled tilt of the micromirrors can establish a one-to-one interconnection path between waveguides of the PLCs.

Abstract: A variety of structures, methods, systems, and configurations can support plasmons for multiplexing.