Abstract: This invention relates to a method of manufacturing a plurality of molded parts by the steps of (a) providing a plurality of subelements, at least one of said subelements being formed by compression moulding of a sheet so as to define a plurality of recesses therein; (b) welding said subelements together to provide a deformable composite capsule in which said recesses define an inlet channel communicating with a plurality of moulding chambers for forming a plurality of moulded parts; (c) passing powdered material through said inlet channel in said capsule to fill said plurality of moulding chambers therein; (d) evacuating said capsule and essentially sealing said inlet channel; (e) isostatically compacting said capsule to form an essentially dense body therein comprising a plurality of interconnected moulded parts, and (f) separating said moulded parts from one another and cleaning them away from said inlet channel.

Abstract: A fiber reinforced composite tape is made by casting a mixture comprising high temperature metal or intermetallic particles, substantially continuous ceramic fibers and a polymeric binder. The particles are preferably titanium alloy or titanium aluminide particles having a top size of greater than about 50 microns and the binder is preferably a polyisobutylene. The cast composite tape is combined with other tapes, heated in a vacuum to remove the binder and pressed at an elevated temperature and pressure to form a composite structure suitable for high temperature applications.

Abstract: The crack-resistant compound sleeve roll having a shell portion made of a sintered alloy and a core portion made of steel is produced by (a) charging an alloy powder consisting essentially, by weight, of 1.0-3.5% of C, 2% or less of Si, 2% or less of Mn, 10% or less of Cr, 3.0-15.0% of W, 2.0-10.0% of Mo and 1.0-15.0% of V, the balance being substantially Fe and inevitable impurities, into a metal capsule disposed around a roll core; (b) after evacuation and sealing, subjecting the alloy powder to a HIP (hot isostatic pressing) treatment at 1100.degree.-1300.degree. C. to form a shell portion; (c) after removing the metal capsule, subjecting the sintered shell portion to a heat treatment having hardening at 1140.degree.-1220.degree. C. and annealing at 540.degree.-620.degree. C.; and (d) chamfering edge portions of the roll on both axial ends thereof such that a boundary of the shell portion and the core portion exists in a chamfered surface.

Abstract: Vane material, vane and method of producing a vane to be used in a compressor using a substitute freon, improving the wear resistance thereof. The vane material has a composition consisting of by weight: 1.0-2.5% of C; not more than 1.5% of Si; not more than 1.0% of Mn; 3-6% of Cr; one or two of not more than 20% W and not more than 12% Mo where "W+2Mo" being 15-28%; 3.5-10% of one or two of V and Nb; and the balance of Fe and incidental impurities. Carbides are uniformly dispersed in the matrix thereof where their average diameter does not exceed 1.5 .mu.m and the maximum diameter thereof does not exceed 6 .mu.m. A method of producing a vane is also disclosed, in which an atomized powder having the composition as described is compacted and it is then subjected to hot working, or to hot working and cold working.

Abstract: A method for obtaining a product from pre-alloyed powders in which the powders are subjected to compaction treatment. The powders are first subjected to pre-treatment under low pressure (or without pressure) at a temperature such that segregating materials precipitate out in stable phases.

Abstract: A nickel based superalloy composition is disclosed that provides increased high temperature stress-rupture strength and improved resistance to fatigue crack propagation at elevated temperatures up to about 760.degree. C. The composition is comprised of, by weight percent, about 10% to 12% chromium, about 17% to 19% cobalt, about 1.5% to 3.5% molybdenum, about 4.5% to 6.5% tungsten, about 3.25% to 4.25% aluminum, about 3.25% to 4.25% titanium, about 2.5% to 3,5% tantalum, about 0.02% to 0.08% zirconium, about 0.005% to 0.03% boron, less than 0.1% carbon, and the balance essentially nickel. Thermomechanical processing including isothermal forging at controlled strain rates and temperature ranges, supersolvus annealing, and slow cooling are disclosed for producing an enlarged grain structure that provides the improved properties in the alloy of this invention.

Abstract: Densify powdered materials, either ceramic or metal or both, at temperatures of 1400.degree. C. or higher using a fluid die fabricated from a mixture of alumina and a calcium aluminate cement. The fluid die may be separated from a fluid pressure-transmitting medium by a barrier material such as graphite foil.

Abstract: Ti powders and Al powders are combined to prepare a mixture of 40.about.55 at % of Al and the balance of Ti. After CIP and degassing, plastic working by hot extrusion is applied to form a shaped mixture of Ti and Al. The shaped mixture is then processed by HIP to synthesize titanium aluminide while diffusing Al into the Ti structure to form an Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 phase occurring from both the reaction between Al and oxygen contained in the Ti structure and the oxides on the Al surface, and to disperse the Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 to form the Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 protective film. With the reaction between Al and oxygen contained in the Ti structure and with the "Pegging" effect, both the Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 a phase formed at the grain boundaries of crystals or in the crystal grains of titanium aluminide and the Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 phase existing on the surface of raw material Al powder peg the surface Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 film to the surface of the titanium aluminide body.

Abstract: A hot-isostatic press comprising a load-carrying member (1) adapted to be supported by a substantially annular support member. The annular support member is arranged on an underlying support (4) and encloses a heat insulation (10). Further, at least part of the annular support member is arranged in the form of a number of axial segments (3), which are arranged side-by-side and are connected at the top and bottom to adjacent members by means of an attachment which guides the segment in a hinge-like movement relative to adjacent members to take up the radial movements which arise in the segment as a result of the temperature gradient between the upper and lower parts of said support member. The height of the heat insulation corresponds at most to the beginning of the axial segments. (FIG.

Abstract: Master alloys and methods of producing same are disclosed, wherein an intermetallic compound is first prepared via thermite processing, then size reduced, then mixed with other components in amounts yielding a mixture in the desired proportion for the master alloy. The mixture is compacted, then heated to produce the master alloy, which is used for making Nickel-based alloys used, (for example), in hydrogen battery electrodes.

Abstract: A heat treatment installation for parts made of a composite material having a ceramic matrix and including a treatment enclosure which is connected to a microwave generator by a waveguide and which includes a press for hot pressing a part to be treated in the enclosure and a gas source for introducing a protective gas into the enclosure.

Abstract: An extruder housing is formed for a double-worm or double-screw extruder by providing a steel body with a seamless one-piece structure and hot-isostatically pressing the body and the powder-metallurgical wear-resistant material lining the preferably conical bores of the housing to form a wear-resistant layer which is bonded to the steel body by a diffusion layer.

Abstract: A method of consolidating particulate materials or combinations of such materials into shaped products of very low porosity. High compaction pressures are applied at temperatures in the range of sintering temperature of the materials being consolidated to achieve essentially complete densification at extremely rapid processing rates. Electrothermal heating is utilized to accomplish these results. Difficult materials such as silicon carbide, boron carbide and other very high melting point materials may be densified by these techniques.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a protective insert (1) on a metal part (2) in which a foil (3) that serves as a barrier for gases is fixed between the part (2) and the insert (1), the edges of a metal capsule (4) are fixed to the edges of the foil (3), the space (5) between the capsule (4) and the part (2) is filled with a metal or ceramic powder and the ends of the capsule (4) are closed, the part (2) together with the filled capsule (4) are inserted in an isostatic pressing oven under a controlled atmosphere, with the pressure and the temperature being selected so that the powder is pressed in situ. The part (2) is cooled and then the capsule is removed before giving the part (2) together with its insert (1) the desired final shape. The method is very simple and it enables reliable products to be obtained.

Abstract: A golf club putter head made of a wear resistant and highly polished, aesthetically pleasing silicon nitride material in a manufacturing process which obviates labor intensive machining and finishing. Except for the optional addition of high density material weights at the toe and heel portions of the putter head, the present invention provides a putter head which is made of a monolithic silicon nitride ceramic which has a relatively low density of 3.3 grams per cubic centimeter and which is provided with a polished surface appearance along most of its surfaces. The present invention is preferably fabricated using a process of which the most important step is a high pressure, dry pressing step in which the unique shape of the golf club head described herein facilitates bi-axial symmetric pressure application resulting in what is known as a green part.

Abstract: Purely powder-metallurgical processes or sinter-impregnation processes are often used to manufacture CuCr contact materials. Here the aim is to obtain the lowest possible residual porosity, which should be <1%. According to the invention, a powder moulding of the components is densified in two stages; the first stage is a sintering process with a densification of the sintered body to a closed porosity, and the second stage is a hot-isostatic pressing operation (HIP), in which the unencased workpieces are taken to a final density amounting to a space occupation of at least 99%. Thus, an economical method of manufacturing high grade material is obtained. It is possible to produce multi-layer contacts or self-adhesive bonds between the sintered body and a solid substrate, e.g. a copper contact bolt.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for fabricating a metal aluminide composite which comprises providing a metal aluminide, such as titanium aluminide, or a titanium aluminide alloy, and a reinforcing fiber material, such as silicon carbide fiber, and placing an interlayer or diffusion barrier layer in the form of a metal selected from the group consisting of silver, copper and gold, and alloys thereof, between the metal aluminide and the reinforcing fiber material. The interlayer metal can be a foil of the metal or in the form of a coating, such as a silver coating, on the reinforcing fiber material. The metal aluminide, the reinforcing fiber material, and the metal interlayer, e.g., in the form of a packet of a plurality of alternate layers of metal aluminide alloy and reinforcing fiber material, each layer being separated by the metal interlayer, is pressed and heated at an elevated temperature, e.g., ranging from about 900.degree. to about 1200.degree. C., at which diffusion bonding occurs.

Abstract: In a method of making a load-bearing article by spray casting a molten metal onto a metal substrate, the substrate surface receiving the spray cast deposit is treated by vacuum cleaning, boronizing and/or knurling to enhance the structural integrity of the diffusion bond joint subsequently formed between the spray cast deposit and the substrate in sustaining a load across the joint without premature joint failure.

Abstract: The method of making a composite article of different metal portions by spraying molten metal on the surface of a solid metal member that has been cleaned and preheated in a controlled atmosphere at low pressure. The molten metal is sprayed on the surface of the solid metal member, preferably by plasma jet spraying. It is rapidly solidified to be adherent to the surface of the solid metal member to form a composite preform. The composite preform is cooled at a rate sufficiently low to reduce residual stresses and then hot pressed to eliminate voids in the sprayed metal portion and metallurgically bonded to the surface of the solid member.

Abstract: A titanium-tungsten target material capable of limiting the amount of particles generated during sputtering and a method of manufacturing this titanium-tungsten material. The titanium-tungsten target material has a titanium-tungsten alloy phase which occupies 98% or more of the whole area of the material as observed in a micro-structure thereof. In one example of the manufacturing method, an ingot obtained by melting tungsten and titanium is processde by a solution treatment to form a titanium-tungsten target, or a power obtained by melting the ingot is sintered to form a target. Preferably, the melting may be performed under reduced pressure in an electron beam melting manner. In another example of the manufacturing method, a powder is formed from a molten metal by an atomization method and the obtained powder is sintered to form a titanium-tungsten target. For sintering of the powder, it is preferable to apply hot isostatic pressing or hot pressing.

Abstract: A method of forming a ceramic layer, which is compact and rich in adhesion to a metallic body, on the metallic body without adding binders even though said ceramics is hard to be sintered ceramics such as various kinds of non oxide ceramics. Said method comprises a step of placing ceramic powders and/or a mixture of ceramic powders and metallic powders or a mixture of metallic powders and non metallic powders on the metallic body and a step of forming the ceramic layer on the metallic body in a moment by a reaction heat of the Thermit.RTM. reaction under the pressurized condition. In addition, a metallic insert member can be disposed between said metallic body and various kinds of powder placed on said metallic body. Furthermore, the resulting ceramic/metal composite member is subjected to a hot hydrostatic pressing or a hot pressing under high temperatures and high pressures.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing a cathode structure for impregnated cathodes having desired dimensions by a simplified process without experiencing machining etc. A high-melting-point metal powder is introduced into a mold, and heated with the heater to effect isostatic press molding to provide a cathode structure for impregnated cathodes having a predetermined shape and dimensions by one operation.

Abstract: The present invention comprises an improved method of controlling resistivity in a process for consolidating particular materials or combinations of such materials into shaped products of very low porosity. High compaction pressures are applied at temperatures in the range of sintering temperature of the materials being consolidated to achieve essentially complete densification at extremely rapid processing rates. Electrothermal heating of a medium having controlled resistivity is utilized to accomplish these results. Various difficult materials, such as silicon carbide, boron carbide and other very high melting point materials, may be densified by these techniques.

Abstract: Method of forming and a new class of tool steel macrocomposites having improved thermal fatigue resistance and improved wear resistance, formed of tool steel powder mixed with carbide powder under hot isostatic pressing.

Abstract: A method for the manufacture of objects from powdered material by isostatic or pseudo-isostatic pressing. A porous body (10), with open pores in contact with the external surface(s), is preformed from a powdered material, whereupon at least one layer (11, 12) of a powdered material is applied onto the external surface of the preformed porous body by dipping. The preformed porous body is covered with a casing (13) of glass, or a material which forms glass upon heating, arranged outside the intermediate layer (12). The casing is made impenetrable to the pressure medium by heating, whereupon the preformed body is compacted to an essentially dense body. The pore system of the preformed porous body is evacuated by applying a sub-atmospheric pressure by means of at least one suction cup (21) which is applied on the external surface to be coated in connection with and during the dipping of the body in a slurry (20) of powdered materials included in the layer (11, 12).

Abstract: In making a dual alloy gas turbine rotor, a plurality of superalloy components are formed to include an airfoil having a directionally solidified columnar grain structure or a single crystal grain structure. A boron-bearing melting point depressant material is applied to the inner surface and a side surface of the components. The components are arranged side-by-side in an annular array with the first side surface of one component juxtaposed to the second side surface of an adjacent component and with the inner surfaces defining a spray-receiving surface. The airfoils extend in a radial axis or direction of the array while the spray-receiving surface extends in a circumferential direction of the article. A sealing member is positioned adjacent an axial end of the array of the components to close off that end and form a spray-receiving cavity. Boron-bearing melting point depressant material is provided between the sealing member and the end of the array.

Abstract: A process for synthesizing intermetallic compounds from elemental powders. The elemental powders are initially combined in a ratio which approximates the stoichiometric composition of the intermetallic compound. The mixed powders are then formed into a compact which is heat treated at a controlled rate of heating such that an exothermic reaction between the elements is initiated. The heat treatment may be performed under controlled conditions ranging from a vacuum (pressureless sintering) to compression (hot pressing) to produce a desired densification of the intermetallic compound. In a preferred form of the invention, elemental powders of Fe and Al are combined to form aluminide compounds of Fe.sub.3 Al and FeAl.

Abstract: A pressure-reaction synthesis process for producing increased stiffness and improved strength-to-weight ratio titanium metal matrix composite materials comprising exothermically reacting a titanium powder or titanium powder alloys with non-metal powders or gas selected from the group consisting of C, B, N, BN, B.sub.4 C, SiC and Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 at temperatures from about 900.degree. to about 1300.degree. C., for about 5 to about 30 minutes in a forming die under pressures of from about 1000 to 5000 psi.

Abstract: A method of making a threaded tungsten metal part having a diameter or thickness greater than two inches. Tungsten metal powder is hot isostatically pressed and sintered and then machined to the desired thread configuration using a single point tungsten carbide cutting tool.

Abstract: The present invention is directed generally to apparatus for and improvements in powdered metal consolidation processes, some of which referred to as "electroconsolidation" processes, and more particularly to processes employing specially shaped rams or electrodes and/or other press elements for imparting uniformity of electrical flux and/or pressure to a workpiece.Some embodiments of the improved process of the present invention contemplate controlling the degree of compaction by providing rams which generally conform to the shape of the preform. Such projections may be provided on the rams to selectively develop at least one zone of relatively high compaction within the die chamber, which results in certain embodiments associated with the electroconsolidation process in release of the major portion of the electrical energy within the zone having a relatively high degree of compaction.

Abstract: Boron powder is hot isostatically pressed in a refractory metal container to produce a solid boron monolith with a bulk density at least 2.22 g/cc and up to or greater than 2.34 g/cc. The refractory metal container is formed of tantalum, niobium, tungsten, molybdenum or alloys thereof in the form of a canister or alternatively plasma sprayed or chemical vapor deposited onto a powder compact. Hot isostatic pressing at 1800.degree. C. and 30 KSI (206.8 MPa) argon pressure for four hours produces a bulk density of 2.34 g/cc. Complex shapes can be made.

Abstract: Tungsten-titanium sputter targets of at least 95% theoretical density are provided with little or no .beta.(Ti, W) phase constituent. Such targets will minimize troublesome particulate emissions during sputter coating conditions.

Abstract: Method for manufacturing rings or discs having a blade or vane rim from a powder which is received in a mold cavity formed by a gas-tight casing (10, 11, 12) and is isostatically hot pressed in the casing to form a monolithic body. A core (13) of hexagonal boron nitride or graphite having through apertures (14) corresponding to the profile of the individual blades or vanes, is located in the mold cavity said apertures being filled with powder to form the blades or vanes as an integrated portion of the monolithic body obtained by the isostatic hot pressing.

Abstract: An extruder-housing part for a double-worm extruder for the plastification of thermoplastic synthetic resin and plastic mixtures has two chambers for receiving the worms and forming a figure eight cavity. A wear-resistant material formed as a hard-phase layer is provided to line the chambers. The extruder-housing part is a one-piece seamless structure with an isotropic lattice of powder metallurgical origin with a hot isostatic pressing configuration.

Abstract: A composite material is provided which includes a discrete phase including grains made of a first substance; and a continuous phase including a thin coating film made of a second substance and formed on the surface of each of the grains. The thin coating film has a mean thickness smaller than the mean particle size of the grains. The grains are separated substantially from each other by the thin coating film. The porosity of the composite material is 5% or less.

Abstract: A process for the powder-metallurgical production of a workpiece by filling a binder-free and solvent-free, dry metal powder or ceramic powder into a mold, precompacting the powder by tapping and presintering it for 1/2 hour to 1 hour at 0.65 to 0.85 times the absolute melting temperature without significant shrinkage, adjacent powder particles being joined merely at their contact points by necking to give a skeletal formed body. The formed body is taken out of the mold and finish-sintered at at least 0.9 times the absolute melting temperature for at least 1 hour without additional support by a mold. Advantageously, the sintered body is additionally hot-isostatically pressed containerless in order to reach at least 98% of the theoretical density.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composite hard metal body of hard material, a binder and embedded reinforcing material, as well as to a process for the production of the composite hard metal body by methods of powder metallurgy.In order to create a composite hard metal body with improved toughness under load, improved hardness and a lower fracture susceptibility, the invention proposes to build in monocrystalline, preferably needle-shaped and/or platelet-shaped reinforcing materials, coated with an inert layer with respect to the binder metal phase and consisting of borides and/or carbides, and/or nitrides and/or carbonitrides of the elements of Groups IVa or Va or mixtures thereof and/or coated monocrystalline reinforcing material of SiC, Si.sub.3 N.sub.4, Si.sub.2 N.sub.2 O, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, ZrO.sub.2, AlN and/or BN.

Abstract: Ti-W target material for sputtering includes a structure composed of a W phase, a Ti phase, and a Ti-W alloy phase of which 20% or more consist of the area ratio of a micro structure covering the cross section of the Ti-W target material. The Wi-W target material further includes dispersed tungsten particles, the Ti-W alloy phases substantially surrounding the W grains, and the Ti phases dispersed adjacent to the Ti-W alloy phase or the W grains. The formation of the Ti-W alloy phases is capable of reducing a substantial amount of the Ti phase in the target material. It is thus possible to prevent the generation of particles attributable to a difference between sputtering speeds of Ti and Ti-W.

Abstract: The invention includes an apparatus and method for hot isostatic compaction of compactible material in a heated and pressurized environment within a pressure vessel, having a compaction container which can be hermetically sealed over a load, and which can transmit pressure from the pressure vessel to the load sealed in the container, a compaction die which can be hermetically sealed within the container, the die having an interior wall area which defines within the die an internal cavity having a width measured along a first axis, the die interior wall area extending along a second axis transverse to the first axis to generally define the height of the die cavity, the die having a wall thickness measured along the first axis, and a punch arrangement for applying compacting force to the compactible material and having a width essentially equal to the die cavity width such that when the punch arrangement is loaded oriented along the first axis within the die cavity, respective ends of the punch arrangement cont

Abstract: A process for preparation of capsule for use in isostatic pressing treatment, the process comprising a first step of enclosing a material to be treated, such as ceramic, metal, resin, etc. with metallic foil having a thickness of from 30 to 300 .mu.m, and a second step of welding the metallic foil so as to seal the material to be treated in the metallic foil thus welded, thereby preparing a capsule, wherein the welding is carried out by means of TIG welding. Alternatively, the welding may be carried out by means of seam resistance welding. It is posible, by the process, to seal the material to be treated in a capsule easily and economically. The capsule thus obtained is in a good sealed condition, permits effective isostatic pressing treatment, and enables the treated material to be taken out easily. A ceramic or metal layer covers the material to be treated to prevent adhesion between the material and the metallic foil.

Abstract: A process for fabricating worked superconducting ceramic material of a mean grain size not more than 10 um is disclosed, which comprises the steps of: (a) preparing a metal casing containing a starting powder material having a composition for forming an oxide superconductor; (b) calcining the starting powder material contained in the casing at a temperature range of 850.degree. to 950.degree. C.; (c) subjecting said casing to a HIP treatment; (d) subjecting said casing containing hot deformed material to cold deformation processing; and (e) subjecting said casing to stress relief treatment by annealing in the presence of oxygen.

Abstract: An apparatus for heating powders or powder compacts for consolidation in a pressure vessel having a chamber. There is a device for directly induction heating the powder or powder compact. Additionally, the apparatus is comprised of a device for compacting a powder or powder compact. The device for directly induction heating the powder essentially provides uniform heating to the powder while the compacting device compacts the powder or powder compact in the chamber of the pressure vessel. A method for consolidation of powders or powder compacts which has the steps of heating directly by induction the powder or powder compact, and applying an isostatic stress to the powder or powder compact.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for fabrication of hollow articles by hot consolidation of metal alloy powder between a hollow core and a fluid pressure resistant outer shell. The hollow core is formed, a disposable layer is applied to define the object contour, a fluid pressure resistant metallic layer is formed over the disposable layer, which is then melted, removed and replaced by the metal alloy powder, and this assembly is hot isostatically pressed. The powder and core materials are preferably selected to be metallurgically compatible, so the core becomes an integral part of the finished article. The hollow article is inflated in a form die to establish the finished article contour.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for modifying a ceramic and/or metallic porous material having open cells necessary for the material to serve the function of gas diffusing materials, filters or the like. The porous material is subjected to hot isostatic pressing at a temperature at which the base portion of the porous material softens or melts to compact or homogenize the base portion.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of preparing a composite material excellent in joint strength and heat conductivity, and more specifically to a method of preparing a composite material composed of a high-melting material W and low-melting material Cu. The method comprising a first step of forming pores in the high-melting material W, to obtain a substrate material having a porosity distribution, with a high porosity at at least one region of the surface of the substrate material and the porosity gradually decreasing outward from the region; and a second step of impregnating the low melting material Cu to the substrate material obtained in the first step from the region of the highest porosity gradually downward. The substrate material being formed to have a gradient distribution of a composite ratio of the high-melting material and the low-melting material.

Abstract: A beryllium metal matrix phase includes up to 70% by volume of beryllium oxide single crystals dispersed therein. The composites are useful for electronics applications because of their light weight, high strength and effective thermal properties.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a brake fitting comprising a plurality of studs each surrounded by a less fragile belt, the studs being non-contiguously secured to a metal support. According to the method, the support is provided with a slip-resistant surface by coating with a braze welding suspension which is oxidized and reduced. Stud blanks then are molded and compacted from powdered friction products and belt blanks are molded and compacted from metal powders and given an internal diameter 1.005 to 1.05 times the external diameter of the stud blanks, and the belt blanks are disposed around the stud blanks and sintered, obtaining sheathed stud blanks which are placed on the slip resistant surface of the support, and welded thereto by heat treatment. Finally, the sheathed stud blanks are forged at over 400 degree C., shortening them by at least 15%.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for removing the oxide surface from water atomized metal powders containing an oxidizer capable of oxidizing chromium from a trivalent to a soluble hexavalent state, whereby chromium oxides are removed from the metal powder surface. The powder is then treated with a dilute acid solution essentially devoid of hydrofluoric acid to remove other hydrated oxides from the metal powder surface. The powder is then water washed and dried.

Abstract: The present invention describes a process for the compaction and densification of materials using heat and high pressure in which pressure is applied isostatically to the workpiece to be compacted, heat is applied to the pressurized workpiece as rapidly as feasible, effecting thereby full compaction and densification. Heating is terminated and the workpiece cooled while the workpiece is still pressurized. This process effects hot-isostatic-processing of workpieces while reducing the time such workpieces spend at elevated temperatures. The resulting parts can have novel structures, properties or compositions not obtained with other processing procedures.

Abstract: A wear-resistant compound roll having a shell portion produced by sintering a uniform mixture of alloy powder consisting essentially, by weight, of 1.2-3.5% of C, 2% or less of Si, 2% or less of Mn. 10% or less of Cr, 3-35%, as W+2Mo, of one or two of W and Mo, 1-12% of V, and balance Fe and inevitable impurities, and 1-15%, based on the weight of said alloy powder, of VC powder dispersed therein. This compound roll is produced by (a) uniformly mixing the alloy powder with the VC powder; (b) charging the resulting mixed powder into a metal capsule disposed around a roll core; and (c) after evacuation and sealing, subjecting said mixing powder to a HIP treatment.