Abstract: There are provided systems and methods for using fuel-rich partial oxidation to produce an end product from waste gases, such as flare gas. In an embodiment, the system and method use air-breathing piston engines and turbine engines for the fuel-rich partial oxidation of the flare gas to form synthesis gas, and reactors to convert the synthesis gas into the end product. In an embodiment the end product is methanol.

Abstract: An aerosol generating device which is capable of generating an aerosol at an appropriate timing includes: a power source which supplies power in order to atomize an aerosol source and/or heat a flavor source; a sensor which outputs a measurement value for controlling the power supplied; and a controller which controls the power supplied on the basis of the measurement value. The controller controls a power supply amount from the power source to be a first value when the measured value is equal to or larger than a first threshold and smaller than a second threshold larger than the first threshold, and the power supply amount to be larger than the first value when the measured value is equal to or larger than the second threshold.

Abstract: A method for measuring a heat generation distribution in a honeycomb structure includes: applying a voltage to a pair of electrode layers of the honeycomb structure to bring the honeycomb structure to an electrically conductive state; measuring resistance values Rn between two different points on the surface of an outer peripheral wall of the honeycomb structure; estimating a current value In flowing between the two points using Kirchhoff's law based on each of the resistance values Rn between the two different points, and calculating a heat value generated for each of the resistance values Rn based on each of the resistance values Rn and the current value In; and estimating a heat generation distribution in the honeycomb structure based on both the positions at which each of the resistance values Rn is measured, and the heat value calculated from each of the resistance values Rn, in the honeycomb structure.

Abstract: A control device comprises an estimated temperature calculation part calculating an estimated temperature of a conductive base based on an engine operating state, an electrical heating permission judgment part judging if to permit warmup of a catalyst device by electrical heating, and a catalyst warmup control part warming up the catalyst device by electrical heating when electrical heating is permitted and warming up the catalyst device by heat of exhaust discharged from the internal combustion engine when electrical heating is prohibited. The electrical heating permission judgment part prohibits warmup of the catalyst device by electrical heating when it is predicted that the actual temperature of the conductive base has diverged from the estimated temperature, when the estimated temperature is low in reliability, or when it is not possible to calculate the estimated temperature.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a plasma processing apparatus includes a processing chamber, a sample stage that is disposed inside the processing chamber and electrically divided into a plurality of regions on which a sample is placed, an electromagnetic wave introduction unit that introduces electromagnetic waves into the processing chamber, and a bias power applying unit that applies bias power to the sample stage, in which the bias power applying unit is configured to include a first radio frequency power applying unit that applies first radio frequency power to a first region out of the plurality of electrically divided regions of the sample stage, a second radio frequency power applying unit that applies second radio frequency power to a second region out of the plurality of electrically divided regions of the sample stage, and a phase adjuster that controls the first radio frequency power applying unit and the second radio frequency power applying unit to shift the phases of the first radio frequency powe

Abstract: A system for releasing flavor comprises: a plurality of compartments adapted to receive a respective plurality of capsules, each capsule containing therein a flavor material; a dispenser system configured for dispensing into an environment a fluid obtained from at least one flavor material; and a controller configured for automatically selecting a dispensing protocol, for signaling the dispenser system to dispense fluids obtained from at least one flavor material contained in at least one capsule of the compartments, and for automatically re-executing the selecting and the signaling, according to a shuffle protocol.

Abstract: A test element analysis system for the analytical examination of a sample is disclosed. The test element analysis system comprises: at least one evaluation device with at least one test element holder for positioning a test element containing the sample and at least one measuring device for measuring a change in a measuring zone of the test element, the change being characteristic for the analyte; at least one electrical heating element configured for electrically heating the test element; at least one electrical power supply for supplying electrical energy to the electrical heating element; at least one temperature sensor connected to the test element holder for detecting a temperature of the test element holder; at least one gap detection device configured for monitoring the electrical energy Espez supplied by the electrical power supply to the electrical heating element for reaching a predetermined target temperature measured by the temperature sensor.

Abstract: A system for releasing edible material is disclosed. The system comprises: a plurality of compartments adapted to receive a respective plurality of capsules, each capsule containing therein an edible material; a dispenser system configured for dispensing into an environment a fluid obtained from at least one edible material; and a controller configured for receiving data pertaining to a selection of at least two of the compartments and for signaling the dispenser system to dispense fluids obtained from edible materials contained in capsules of the selected compartments.

Abstract: A system and approach for catalyst model parameter identification with modeling accomplished by an identification procedure that may incorporate a catalyst parameter identification procedure which may include determination of parameters for a catalyst device, specification of values for parameters and component level identification. Component level identification may be of a thermal model, adsorption and desorption, and chemistry. There may then be system level identification to get a final estimate of catalyst parameters.

Abstract: A sterilization container with a sensor module for monitoring the environmental characteristics internal to the container. The sensor module includes a normally closed end bore. A sensor is disposed in the closed end void space. Other sensors also part of the module monitor the pressure and temperature of the environment inside the container. Based on the measurements of the environment in the container and the environment within the closed end void space it is possible to determine the extent to which the container is filled with saturated steam.

Abstract: A method for controlling emissions from a power plant having an ammonia injection grid that includes a plurality of ammonia injection points includes the steps of injecting ammonia into a flow of exhaust gas at an injection location, the injection of ammonia defining a spatial distribution of ammonia across an exhaust gas flowpath, measuring at least one parameter of the exhaust gas downstream from the injection location, comparing a measured value for the at least one parameter of the exhaust gas to a threshold value for the at least one parameter and, if the measured value for the at least one parameter exceeds the threshold value for the at least one parameter, automatically modifying the spatial distribution of ammonia injection across the exhaust gas flowpath.

Abstract: A system for releasing flavor is disclosed. The system comprises: a plurality of compartments adapted to receive a respective plurality of capsules, each capsule containing therein a flavor material; a dispenser system configured for dispensing into an environment a fluid obtained from at least one flavor material; and a controller configured for receiving data pertaining to a selection of at least two of the compartments and for signaling the dispenser system to dispense fluids obtained from flavor materials contained in capsules of the selected compartments.

Abstract: Ultraviolet radiation is directed within an area. Items located within the area and/or one or more conditions of the area are monitored over a period of time. Based on the monitoring, ultraviolet radiation sources are controlled by adjusting a direction, an intensity, a pattern, and/or a spectral power of the ultraviolet radiation generated by the ultraviolet radiation source. Adjustments to the ultraviolet radiation source(s) can correspond to one of a plurality of selectable operating configurations including a storage life preservation operating configuration, a disinfection operating configuration, and an ethylene decomposition operating configuration.

Abstract: A method for detecting a liquid surface of a liquid sample with a pipetting tip, the method includes receiving an indication of a capacitance of the pipetting tip, and determining, based on a rate of change of the indication of the capacitance rising above a first preselected threshold, that the pipetting tip has come into contact with the liquid surface. The method also includes determining, based on the rate of change of the indication of the capacitance falling below a second preselected threshold, that the pipetting tip has lost contact with the liquid surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vehicular air cleaner. It is an object to provide a DOR system which can utilize a purifying function of an ozone purifying element containing an activated carbon for a long period of time. As shown in A1 and A2 of FIG. 5, in the activated carbon at an initial state, an ozone purification rate is almost the same as the same wind velocity even when a temperature condition is different, even though the ozone purification rate is changed when the wind velocity is changed. After the endurance test, the ozone purification rate is increased even at the same wind velocity when the temperature becomes high as shown in B1 and B2 of FIG. 5. Thus, the temperature condition difference affects the ozone purification rate more as the deterioration o the activated carbon continues.

Abstract: This invention relates to comfortable ophthalmic devices and methods of producing such devices by treating unhydrated, polymerized ophthalmic lens with a polymeric wetting agent, wherein the ophthalmic lens formulation does not comprise said wetting agent prior to its polymerization.

Abstract: A method for dynamic characterization of an electrochemical system (such as a lithium-ion battery) is provided, comprising exciting an electrochemical system with a plurality of double-pulse sequences, each comprising a constant-current discharge pulse, a constant-current charge pulse having the same pulse width and pulse amplitude, and a zero-current period between the pulses; and calculating an impulse response, using a recursive or matrix-based method, to dynamically characterize the electrochemical system. A constant state-of-charge is maintained in the electrochemical system. Therefore the signal-to-noise ratio is high due to the repetition of the driving sequence. This method may be employed for on-line determination of the impedance spectrum of an electrochemical system, since the cycling profile can be easily integrated into charge/discharge profiles. Batteries (and other devices) can be diagnosed at high speed and with high accuracy. The double-pulse sequence is robust for fairly noisy systems.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device and to a method for continuously measuring the hydrogen sulfide concentration of an off-gas by means of a detachable device suitable for being temporarily connected to equipment producing the off-gas. The method comprises a step of measuring the absorption of electromagnetic radiation by the off-gas. The device and method method can be used in particular to measure the hydrogen sulfide concentration in an off-gas produced during a step of sulfiding a hydroprocessing catalyst.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure may improve the accuracy of diagnosis in diagnosing whether an exhaust gas purification system having an SCR filter is faulty. It is determined that the exhaust gas purification system is faulty if the NOx removal rate with the SCR filter calculated using a measurement value of an NOx sensor is lower than or equal to a predetermined criterion removal rate. In the apparatus, a differential pressure change rate defined as the increase in a converted differential pressure value per unit increase in the filter PM deposition amount is calculated. The value of the criterion removal rate is set higher when the differential pressure change rate at the time when the measurement value of the NOx sensor is obtained is lower than a predetermined threshold than when the differential pressure change rate is higher than or equal to the predetermined threshold.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods, systems, and computer program products for detecting a surface using a pipette and/or for positioning a pipette.

Abstract: An engine exhaust apparatus includes an exhaust passage for flowing exhaust gas emitted from an engine, a flow rectifier for rectifying the flow of the exhaust gas, and an exhaust heat recovery unit disposed in the exhaust passage downstream of the flow rectifier. The exhaust heat recovery unit is provided with an exhaust heat recovery portion and a cooling portion to cool the exhaust heat recovery portion. The engine exhaust apparatus further includes a first diameter reducing portion gradually reduced in diameter toward the exhaust heat recovery unit from the flow rectifier, and a second diameter reducing portion gradually reduced in diameter toward the downstream from the exhaust heat recovery unit.

Abstract: A system and method of treating a fluid to be used for hydraulic fracturing adds an effective amount of chlorine dioxide to the fluid to act as a biocide that kills harmful bacteria. A system for adding chlorine dioxide to the fluid can continuously add chlorine dioxide to an incoming flow of the fluid to produce a continuous flow of treated fluid.

Abstract: In a method for operating a gas turbine, NOx is removed from the exhaust gases of the gas turbine by means of a selective catalysis device with the addition of NH3. The method achieves an extremely low NOx content while simultaneously achieving economic consumption of NH3 and avoiding NH3 in the exhaust gas by maintaining the NOx content of the exhaust gas at a constant level via a regulated return of a portion of the exhaust gas in varying operating conditions of the gas turbine, and by adjusting the addition of the NH3 in the selective catalysis device to the constant NOx level.

Abstract: A camera coupled to a processor is disclosed. The camera is configured to capture images of the subject. The processor is configured to amplify microscopic temporal variations between the images of the subject and generate a profile of at least one microscopic temporally detected physiological variation of the subject. The processor is further configured to compare the profile of the subject to a pre-existing first aggregate profile of a plurality of third-party subjects, said aggregate profile corresponding to the at least one microscopic temporally detected physiological variation of the third-party subjects, the aggregate third-party profile corresponding to a known state of the third-party subjects.

Abstract: The internal temperature of an electrochemical device may be probed without a thermocouple, infrared detector, or other auxiliary device to measure temperature. Some methods include exciting an electrochemical device with a driving profile; acquiring voltage and current data from the electrochemical device, in response to the driving profile; calculating an impulse response from the current and voltage data; calculating an impedance spectrum of the electrochemical device from the impulse response; calculating a state-of-charge of the electrochemical device; and then estimating internal temperature of the electrochemical device based on a temperature-impedance-state-of-charge relationship. The electrochemical device may be a battery, fuel cell, electrolytic cell, or capacitor, for example. The procedure is useful for on-line applications which benefit from real-time temperature sensing capabilities during operations. These methods may be readily implemented as part of a device management and safety system.

Abstract: 3D glasses having an RFID tag (embedded in one or more temples) are rented to theater or other venue operators. The glasses are shipped to a venue for distribution to patrons and collected from patrons in the trays. Inventory and other measures are implemented by RFID scanning while the glasses are in the trays (e.g., upon delivery to a theater, on collection from the theater, upon inspection at the 3D rental company, etc). Data gathered from RFID scanning and inspections allows the rental company to properly allocate rental costs to various venues based on shrinkage which includes, for example, extraordinary wear of the glasses, breakage or theft, which is attributable and traceable to the specific venues. The theater or venue may also independently scan the trays upon delivery and pick-up to maintain their own records. The invention includes 3D glasses with RFID, a washing rack, and rental systems.

Abstract: In a plasma processing apparatus, target values for feedback control to be applied to a progressive wave power PF as control parameters, i.e., control instruction values Con and Coff are switched during a pulse-on period Ton and a pulse-off period Toff in each cycle of a modulation pulse, respectively. That is, a first feedback control for making the progressive wave power PF approximate to a first control instruction value Con is performed during the pulse-on period Ton, whereas a second feedback control for making the progressive wave power PF approximate to a second control instruction value Coff is performed during the pulse-off period Toff.

Abstract: The present invention provides impulse-response-based algorithms for high-speed characterization of electrochemical systems (e.g., batteries) with good accuracy. In some variations, a method for dynamic characterization of an electrochemical system comprises selecting an electrochemical system to be characterized; sensing the measured current to or from said electrochemical system; sensing the measured voltage across said electrochemical system; sensing or calculating the time derivatives of the measured current and voltage; and calculating an impulse response using a recursive or matrix-based algorithm (as disclosed herein), wherein said impulse response characterizes said electrochemical system within a selected sampling window. The algorithms are robust, incorporating noise-reduction techniques, and are suitable for real applications under various operating conditions.

Abstract: Provided is an air pollution control system including: a denitration apparatus; an air heater; a precipitator; a desulfurization apparatus; a dehydrator; a spray drying apparatus provided with a spray unit that is configured to spray dehydrated filtrate as desulfurization wastewater supplied from the dehydrator; a flue gas introduction line through which a branch gas branched from the flue gas is introduced to the spray drying apparatus; a flue gas supply line through which flue gas returns to a main flue gas duct, the flue gas being obtained after the dehydrated filtrate is dried by the spray drying apparatus; and a powder supply apparatus that is configured to supply a powder to the flue gas introduction line.

Abstract: A Self-Organizing Process Control Architecture is introduced with a Sensing Layer, Control Layer, Actuation Layer, Process Layer, as well as Self-Organizing Sensors (SOS) and Self-Organizing Actuators (SOA). A Self-Organizing Sensor for a process variable with one or multiple input variables is disclosed. An artificial neural network (ANN) based dynamic modeling mechanism as part of the Self-Organizing Sensor is described. As a case example, a Self-Organizing Soft-Sensor for CFB Boiler Bed Height is presented. Also provided is a method to develop a Self-Organizing Sensor.

Abstract: A temperature sensor (1) is configured such that a ring pressure section (21) is fixed to a ring seat face (39b) by screwing a fixing member (25) into a screw attachment member (37) in a state in which the ring pressure section (21) is seated on the ring seat face (39b), and pressing a front-end facing surface (25b) of the fixing member (25) against a rear-end facing surface (21c) of the ring pressure section (21). A dry film (41) containing an organic silicon polymer having a polycarbosilane skeleton that is cross-linked by a metal element and a solid lubricant such as molybdenum disulfide and mica is provided on at least one of the front-end facing surface (25b) of the fixing member (25) and the rear-end facing surface (21c) of the ring pressure section (21).

Abstract: A leak test method includes: reducing first pressure in an inspection space in a work and second pressure in a space in a master chamber; humidifying the inspection space in the work; and detecting a change in differential pressure between the inspection space in the work and the space in the master chamber, while the inspection space in the work is in a water-vapor saturated state. Also, in this leak test method, a leak in the inspection space in the work is detected from the change in the differential pressure.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention is a unique reducing gas generator. Another embodiment is a unique method for generating a reducing gas. Other embodiments include apparatuses, systems, devices, hardware, methods, and combinations for generating reducing gas. Further embodiments, forms, features, aspects, benefits, and advantages of the present application will become apparent from the description and figures provided herewith.

Abstract: A CO2 recovering apparatus according to this embodiment includes a cooling tower; a CO2 absorber, a regenerator; an absorbing solution level meter for measuring the amount of liquid at a tower bottom of the CO2 absorber; and a level controller for performing automatic control or manual control for one or both of a supply amount of makeup water and a condensation amount of water contained in an exhaust gas based on the liquid amount of at the bottom of the CO2 absorber detected by the absorbing solution level meter.

Abstract: Provided is an exhaust gas purifying apparatus capable of purifying exhaust gas by using water. The exhaust gas purifying apparatus includes an electrolyzed alkaline water generator which includes a cathode and an anode formed of Mg or an Mg alloy, and in which water is electrolyzed through application of voltage across the cathode and anode, to generate electrolyzed alkaline water. The purifying apparatus includes an exhaust gas absorption tower into which exhaust gas is introduced. Spray nozzles spray the electrolyzed alkaline water in the exhaust gas absorption tower.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine, inside an engine exhaust passage, a hydrocarbon feed valve (15) and an exhaust purification catalyst (13) are arranged. The carrier (50) of the exhaust purification catalyst (13) is formed from a crystallized composite oxide of aluminum and an alkali earth metal. On this carrier (50), precious metal catalysts (51, 52) are carried. The concentration of hydrocarbons which flow into the exhaust purification catalyst (13) is made to vibrate by within a predetermined range of amplitude of a 200 ppm or more and within a predetermined range of period of 5 second or less, whereby the NOx which is contained in exhaust gas is reduced at the exhaust purification catalyst (13).

Abstract: A wet type flue-gas desulfurization apparatus includes a desulfurization apparatus main body; a gas introducing unit that is disposed on a side wall of the desulfurization apparatus main body and that introduces a flue gas; an absorbent accumulating unit that accumulates an absorbent which has absorbed the sulfur oxide present in the flue gas; a circulation line that circulates the absorbent from the absorbent circulating unit; a spray pipe that is disposed in the vicinity of the middle portion of the desulfurization apparatus main body and that sprays the absorbent, which is circulated in the circulation line, as a spray liquid from a nozzle; an ORP meter that measures the oxidation reduction potential of the absorbent; and an oxidation resistant pipe group that, in the vicinity of the interface of the absorbent present in the absorbent accumulating unit, cushions a falling liquid falling from an absorber of the absorbent.

Abstract: An exhaust treatment system includes an SCRF device, a reductant delivery system, and an SCR storage module. The SCRF device includes a filter portion having a washcoat formed thereon that defines a washcoat thickness (WCT). The reductant delivery system is configured to inject a reductant that reacts with the washcoat based on a reductant storage model. The SCR storage module is in electrical communication with the reductant delivery system to provide the reductant storage model the amount of reductant to be injected based on the reductant storage model. The exhaust treatment system further includes a WCT compensation module configured to electrically communicate a WCT compensation value to the SCR storage module. The SCR storage module modifies the reductant storage model according to the WCT compensation value such that the amount of ammonia that slips from the SCRF device is reduced thereby increasing a storage efficiency of the SCRF device.

Abstract: An exhaust gas control apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes: a NOx purification catalyst arranged in an exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine; a degradation degree estimating unit estimating a degradation degree of the NOx purification catalyst; and an air-fuel ratio control unit adjusting an air-fuel ratio of exhaust gas flowing into the NOx purification catalyst, wherein, until the estimated degradation degree of the NOx purification catalyst reaches a predetermined degradation degree, the air-fuel ratio control unit adjusts the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas to a rich air-fuel ratio, and, when the estimated degradation degree of the NOx purification catalyst exceeds the predetermined degradation degree, the air-fuel ratio control unit changes the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas from the rich air-fuel ratio to a lean air-fuel ratio so that the NOx purification catalyst is regenerated.

Abstract: An aftertreatment system for treating exhaust gas discharged from a combustion engine may include a particulate filter, a reductant-injection system, an ammonia sensor and a control module. The particulate filter may be configured to filter exhaust gas discharged from the combustion engine. The reductant-injection system may be configured to inject a reductant into a stream of the exhaust gas upstream of the particulate filter. The ammonia sensor may be configured to sense a concentration of ammonia in the stream of exhaust gas downstream of the particulate filter. The control module may be in communication with the ammonia sensor and may determine a soot load of the particulate filter based on data received from the ammonia sensor.

Abstract: A catalyst composition may include a precontacted mixture of an olefin polymerization catalyst and an agent including an ammonium salt. The catalyst activity of the catalyst composition in the presence of water may be greater than if no ammonium salt were present in the catalyst composition. The ammonium salt may include a tetraalkylammonium salt, and the olefin polymerization catalyst may include a metallocene compound.

Abstract: A method and a modular system for performing a sterilizing treatment of ballast waters (12) onboard of a ship (10), for reducing and/or removing the contents of invasive living micro-organisms. A water loading pump (13) and a water preliminary filtering stage (14) are operatively connected to a plurality of ballast water storing tanks (11); a UV sterilizing apparatus (18) for the ballast water is submerged into the ballast water in each water storing tank (11), and is operatively connected to a local control unit (QE). Each UV sterilizing apparatus (18) comprises a UV radiation source (28). The ballast water (12) inside each storing tank (11) is recirculated although the UV radiation source (28), for a required time and mixed with the ballast water inside the water storage tank (11) to enable the living micro-organisms to be substantially reduced or eliminated, during the navigation.

Abstract: Systems and methods for reducing methane in an aftertreatment system of a vehicle are described. An oxidation catalyst is disposed in an exhaust path between an engine block and a turbocharger. The oxidation catalyst stores methane in the exhaust gas from the engine block during low temperatures and oxidizes the stored methane during high temperatures. The temperatures at the oxidation catalyst are controlled, in part, by operating engine cycles and/or a back pressure valve that can adjust pressure in the exhaust path and/or increase engine load.

Abstract: Methods related generally to the removal of atmospheric pollutants from the gas phase, are provided, as well as related apparatus, processes and uses thereof. A single-stage air scrubbing apparatus is provided that includes at least one reaction vessel, at least one introduction duct, and a turbulence component, wherein a residence time is sufficient to allow the conversion of at least one atmospheric pollution compound to at least one other compound, molecule or atom. In some embodiments, the at least one atmospheric pollution compound comprises nitrogen oxide, sulfur oxide or a combination thereof. Additionally, methods of removing atmospheric pollution compounds from a waste gas stream are disclosed that include introducing a waste gas stream and at least one additional gas stream, mist stream, liquid stream or combination thereof into a single-stage air scrubbing apparatus at a flow rate sufficient to allow for conversion of the at least one atmospheric pollution compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for generating nitric oxide, which comprises the steps of: providing a precursor solution comprising a nitric oxide precursor in a first reservoir (12), guiding the precursor solution through a reaction chamber (16), thereby subjecting the precursor solution to radiation to generate nitric oxide, guiding the generated nitric oxide out of the reaction chamber (16) by a stream of carrier gas, and guiding the reacted solution into a second reservoir (14). The method according to the invention provides a method of generating nitric oxide, or a flow of nitric oxide comprising gas, in which the concentration of the nitric oxide may be kept especially constant. Also claimed is an apparatus for generating nitric oxide comprising reservoirs for the precursor solution and the reacted solution and a reaction chamber.

Abstract: A system and method for efficiently treating metal catalyst resident in a reactor vessel comprises a sulfiding module, a sulfur source, an ammonia source, and/or a coking source, a hydrogen sulfide detection module, a hydrogen gas detection module, a pH detection module, an ammonia gas detection module and a remote computer all arranged and configured to communicate wirelessly and to allow remote control and monitoring of the modules and process so that catalyst may be sulfided, passivated and/or soft-coked in situ.

Abstract: A modular chemical production system includes multiple modules for performing a chemical reaction, particularly of radiochemical compounds, from a remote location. One embodiment comprises a reaction vessel including a moveable heat source with the position thereof relative to the reaction vessel being controllable from a remote position. Alternatively the heat source may be fixed in location and the reaction vial is moveable into and out of the heat source. The reaction vessel has one or more sealing plugs, the positioning of which in relationship to the reaction vessel is controllable from a remote position. Also the one or more reaction vessel sealing plugs can include one or more conduits there through for delivery of reactants, gases at atmospheric or an elevated pressure, inert gases, drawing a vacuum and removal of reaction end products to and from the reaction vial, the reaction vial with sealing plug in position being operable at elevated pressures.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for disinfection of spaces using a disinfecting liquid droplet spray atomization are described, in which an electric fan 107 is used to dispense the atomization from an atomization chamber 104 via venture outlets 106 into the space to be disinfected. The operation of the electric fan 107 is modulated in a substantially random sequence to vary the rate of dispensing into the space in order to improve the dispersal of the atomized droplets in the space and hence the efficacy of disinfection.

Abstract: A mobile disinfection unit for use in a method of disinfecting a given facility or equipment such as a room, apparatus, container or vehicle. The unit includes a catalytic converter device for decomposing ozone, a VOC filter for removing bacterial viruses and other contaminants and an electrostatic filter for removing molecules, particles, droplets, smoke and dust. The method includes a treatment step for adding ozone and steam/water droplets into the air of the facility or equipment, a detection step of continuously detecting the ozone concentration in the facility or equipment, and a removal step arranged for removing residual ozone and any contaminates from the facility or equipment when a predefined ozone concentration has been reached and maintained for a specific time interval.

Abstract: An exhaust gas treatment system includes an exhaust line through which exhaust gas flows. A nitrogen oxide purification catalyst is disposed at one side of the exhaust line to reduce the nitrogen oxide. A diesel particulate filter is disposed at a downstream side of the nitrogen oxide purification catalyst, filters a particulate material, and eliminates the material in a set condition, wherein a set amount of oxygen storage material is included in the diesel particulate filter.