Abstract: A honeycomb structural body 20 comprises a porous partition portion 22 which forms a plurality of cells each functioning as a flow path of a fluid, and in the partition portion 22, the average pore diameter is 10 to 20 ?m, and a wet area rate R (=S/V) which is the rate of a wet area S of pores to a volume V of the partition portion 22 is 0.000239 ?m?1 or more.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes: a reformer to generate a fuel gas from a raw material gas, reforming water, and air supplied to the reformer; an SOFC to generate electric power through a power-generating reaction by utilizing the fuel gas and air; a combustor to combust an anode off gas discharged from the SOFC; a hot module housing the reformer, the SOFC, and the combustor, which are covered with a heat insulating material; and a hydrodesulfurizer to remove a sulfur component from the raw material gas by hydrodesulfurization. The anode off gas is supplied to the combustor and the hydrodesulfurizer in a distributed manner. The hydrodesulfurizer performs the hydrodesulfurization of the raw material gas by utilizing the anode off gas as a hydrogen source and utilizing an exhaust gas discharged from the hot module as a heat source, the exhaust gas containing at least combustion heat from the combustor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing synthesis gas, in which carbon and hydrogen are obtained from hydrocarbon by thermal decomposition. At least a portion of the carbon obtained by the thermal decomposition is reacted, and at least a portion of the hydrogen obtained is reacted with carbon dioxide by a reverse water-gas shift reaction to give carbon monoxide and water. Carbon obtained by the thermal hydrocarbon decomposition is used as fuel in a power plant operation wherein the carbon is combusted to produce electrical power, and carbon dioxide formed in the combustion of the carbon is used in the reverse water-gas shift reaction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing hydrocarbon-containing gaseous fuel comprises at least three stages. In the first stage water is entered for heating and water steam forming. In the second stage hydrocarbon component is entered and mixed with water steam by injecting. The mixture is heated and directed to subsequent stages to additional heating for fuel producing. Turbo generator is made as two cylinder tubes, divided on isolated sections. The first section is made with induction heat source for system start-up, the second section is made with injector type mixer. The inner tube cavity forms the firing chamber. In technological cylinder multistage components and mixture heated and additional heating in subsequent sections are realized until forming of hydrogen-containing gaseous fuel. Burning system, worker burner, start-up burner are installed on the firing chamber inlet. Working torch forming element is installed on the firing chamber outlet.

Abstract: A dynamic thermochemical module is disclosed which includes an array of reactors, a network of interconnecting pipes and valves connected to each reactor in the array so that every reactor within the array can communicate to one another and other reactors in a different module having the same structure, a plurality of storage tanks connected to each reactor and interconnecting tubes and valves so that an output from each reactor is stored therein and distributed to each reactor in the array, a plurality of sub-functional modules connected to the array of reactors via the network of interconnecting tubes and valves, a plurality of condensers connected to the array of reactors, and a plurality of gas conditioning and storage and distribution sub-modules connected to the outputs of the condensers.

Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus and method for separating a solvent in a metallocene catalyst-based solution polymerization process for preparing a polyolefin, suitable for use in removing a solvent from a reaction mixture resulting from a polymerization step during a solution polymerization process for preparing a polyolefin polymer using a metallocene catalyst, wherein volatile matter including a solvent and an unreacted monomer is primarily removed from the reaction mixture using a flash drum, after which residual volatile matter including the solvent, which is left behind in the reaction mixture after the primary removal process, is secondarily removed in a high vacuum using a thin-film evaporator. The polymer thus obtained has a volatile matter content of 100 ppm or less and is thus an environmentally friendly product.

Abstract: The present technology provides a rubber composition containing: a diene-based rubber containing a natural rubber and a butadiene rubber; a carbon black 1; and a carbon black 2. A nitrogen adsorption specific surface area of the carbon black 1 is from 60 to 100 m2/g; a dibutyl phthalate oil absorption of the carbon black 1 is 120 cm3/100 g or less; a nitrogen adsorption specific surface area of the carbon black 2 is from 20 to 40 m2/g; a dibutyl phthalate oil absorption of the carbon black 2 is from 70 to 95 cm3/100 g; and a total amount of the carbon black 1 and the carbon black 2 being from 25 to 50 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the diene-based rubber.

Abstract: Disclosed is a hydrogen generator with a door that can be opened to replace a fuel unit and closed to seal the door. A lock responds directly to pressure within the chamber to prevent opening when the pressure exceeds a threshold value. The lock includes a locking member with a lug that engages a retainer to seal the door when the door is locked and is disengaged from the retainer when the door is unlocked. An opening mechanism moves the locking member to lock and unlock the door. A movable key is engaged with the opening mechanism and the locking member when the pressure in the chamber is at or below the threshold value and disengaged from one of the opening mechanism and the locking member by an actuator (e.g., a flexible diaphragm) so the door cannot be unlocked and opened when the pressure is above the threshold value.

Abstract: A process and apparatus is disclosed for recovering hydrotreating effluent from a hydrotreating unit utilizing a hot stripper and a cold stripper. Only the hot hydrotreating effluent is heated in a fired heater prior to product fractionation, resulting in substantial operating and capital savings. The cold stripped stream from the cold stripper bottoms line may be passed directly to a diesel pool when VGO is hydrotreated in the hydrotreating reactor bypassing the product fractionation column.

Abstract: An integrated chemical looping air separation unit (5) in a large-scale oxy-fuel power generating plant takes a portion of recycled flue gas (6) via a recycling conduit (7) through a heat exchanger (8) to a reduction reactor (9). The reduction reactor (9) exchanges oxidized metal oxide with an oxidation reactor (11) via transfer means (10) which return reduced metal oxide from the reduction reactor (9) to the oxidation reactor (11). This enables the reduction reactor (9) to feed a mixture of oxygen and recycled flue gas into the boiler (13) of the power generating plant in a more energy efficient manner than conventional oxy-fuel power plants using air separation units.

Abstract: We provide an alkylation process, comprising: separating and recycling a hydrogen gas and a hydrogen chloride from an offgas of a hydrogenation reactor; wherein the hydrogen gas is recycled to the hydrogenation reactor; and wherein the hydrogen chloride is recycled to an alkylation reactor. We also provide an alkylation process unit for performing this process.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing trichlorosilane in which reacted gas including trichlorosilane and hydrogen chloride is produced by heating raw gas including silicon tetrachloride and hydrogen, the apparatus having: a reaction vessel having a substantially cylindrical shape and being provided with a heated wall forming a gas flow-passage along an axis direction; and a heater heating the heated wall, wherein a folding flow-passage is provided at an uppermost stream of the gas flow-passage and has: an inlet flow-passage in which raw gas is introduced; and a turning part connected to a downstream of the inlet flow-passage in which a flow direction of the raw gas is turned at least once in an opposite direction, the turning part is formed between the inlet flow-passage and the heated wall in the folding flow-passage, and a turning length of the folding flow-passage along the axis direction is smaller than a maximum length of the gas flow-passage along the axis direction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing a lithium-containing solution from a lithium-containing raw-material solution, by: a) precipitating a first part of magnesium and calcium from the lithium-containing raw-material solution, b) extracting a second part of calcium and magnesium from the lithium-containing solution by liquid-liquid extraction, a resultant product being a lithium-containing solution. The invention also relates to equipment for producing a lithium-containing solution from a lithium-containing raw-material solution, including a precipitation unit to remove a first part of magnesium and calcium and an extraction unit to receive the lithium-containing raw-material solution and to remove therefrom a second part of calcium and magnesium by liquid-liquid extraction, and control unit to control the operation of the precipitation unit.

Abstract: A system for preparing nanoparticles is described. The system can include a reactor for producing a nanoparticle aerosol comprising nanoparticles in a gas. The system also includes a diffusion pump that has a chamber with an inlet and an outlet. The inlet of the chamber is in fluid communication with an outlet of the reactor. The diffusion pump also includes a reservoir in fluid communication with the chamber for supporting a diffusion pump fluid and a heater for vaporizing the diffusion pump fluid in the reservoir to a vapor. In addition, the diffusion pump has a jet assembly in fluid communication with the reservoir having a nozzle for discharging the vaporized diffusion pump fluid into the chamber. The system can further include a vacuum pump in fluid communication with the outlet of the chamber. A method of preparing nanoparticles is also provided.

Abstract: A sweep membrane separator includes a membrane that is selectively permeable to a selected gas, the membrane including a retentate side and a permeate side. A mixed gas stream including the selected gas enters the sweep membrane separator and contacts the retentate side of the membrane. At least part of the selected gas separates from the mixed gas stream and passes through the membrane to the permeate side of the membrane. The mixed gas stream, minus the separated gas, exits the sweep membrane separator. A sweep gas at high pressure enters the sweep membrane separator and sweeps the selected gas from the permeate side of the membrane. A mixture of the sweep gas and the selected gas exits the sweep membrane separator at high pressure. The sweep membrane separator thereby separates the selected gas from the gas mixture and pressurizes the selected gas.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing trisilylamine and polysilazanes in the liquid phase, in which ammonia dissolved in an inert solvent is initially introduced in a substoichiometric amount relative to monochlorosilane which is likewise present in an inert solvent. The reaction is carried out in a reactor in which trisilylamine formed according to the following equation 4NH3+3H3SiCl?3NH4Cl+(SiH3)3N and polysilazanes are formed. The reactor is subsequently depressurized and TSA is separated off in gaseous form from the product mixture. The TSA obtained is purified by filtration and distillation and obtained in high or very high purity. Further ammonia dissolved in an inert solvent is subsequently introduced into the reactor, using, together with the previously introduced amount of ammonia, a stoichiometric excess of ammonia relative to the amount of MCS previously present.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for forming carbon allotropes. An exemplary method includes treating a carbonaceous compound to form a feedstock that includes at least about 10 mol % oxygen, at least about 10 mol % carbon, and at least about 20 mol % hydrogen. Carbon allotropes are formed from the feedstock in a reactor in a Bosch reaction at a temperature of at least about 500° C. The carbon allotropes are separated from a reactor effluent stream.

Abstract: An infectious medical waste treatment system includes system control means that electrically interlocks and integrally controls an infectious medical waste treatment apparatus, a cake cutting device, a cake shredding device, a flake conveying device, a flake temporary storage tank, a sealed-type flake supplying device, a heating, dry distilling and gasifying apparatus, a gas cooling and liquefying apparatus, an exhaust gas treatment apparatus, unburnt gas burner and an unburnt gas combustion apparatus.

Abstract: A method for producing methanol from a synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon oxides with a high content of inert components includes passing the synthesis gas through a synthesis reactor so as to catalytically convert a part of the carbon oxides to methanol. The methanol is separated from the obtained mixture from the reactor. The mixture liberated from methanol is separated into a cycle stream and a purge stream. The cycle stream is recirculated so as to form a synthesis circle and combined with a fresh gas stream including hydrogen and carbon oxides before being charged into the synthesis reactor. The purge stream is supplied to a secondary reactor so as to catalytically convert a further part of the hydrogen and carbon oxides to methanol. Further methanol is separated the obtained mixture including synthesis gas, inert components and methanol vapor.

Abstract: A semi-continuous process and system thereof, for the synthesis of a narrow particle size distribution Zeigler Natta procatalyst for use in the manufacture of polyolefins. The process comprises: (a) mixing a reaction mixture containing a titanium compound; (b) charging a first reactor with said reaction mixture; (c) removing excess reactants from said first reactor as a filtrate; (d) feeding said filtrate to at least one further reactor; and continuously removing excess reactants from said at least further reactor.

Abstract: Methods and systems. For producing diesel arc provided. The method for producing diesel can include cracking a first hydrocarbon feed in a first riser under first cracking conditions to provide a first effluent containing a first light cycle oil, a heavy cycle oil, and a first bottoms and Fractionating at least a portion of the first effluent to separate the first bottoms and the heavy cycle oil from the first light cycle oil. The method can include cracking the separated first bottoms in a second riser under second cracking conditions to produce a second effluent containing a second light cycle oil and a second bottoms. The method can also include cracking the separated heavy cycle oil in the first riser under third cracking conditions to provide a third effluent and mixing the third effluent with the first hydrocarbon feed to provide the first cracking conditions.

Abstract: Processes for the production of high purity alpha olefins from a mixture of olefins are disclosed. The processes may include: contacting propylene and a hydrocarbon mixture comprising a mixture of olefins having a carbon number n with a first metathesis catalyst to form a metathesis product comprising a beta-olefin having a carbon number n+1, an alpha-olefin having a carbon number n?1, as well as any unreacted propylene and olefins having a carbon number n. The metathesis product may be fractionated to recover a fraction comprising the beta-olefin having a carbon number n+1. Ethylene and the fraction comprising the beta-olefin having a carbon number n+1 may then be contacted with a second metathesis catalyst to form a second metathesis product comprising an alpha-olefin having a carbon number n and propylene, which may be fractionated to form a propylene fraction and a fraction comprising the alpha olefin having a carbon number n.

Abstract: A method for separating an alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon, the method having a step of adding a first diluent and an extractant having a superacid to a mixture comprising the alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon and one or more isomers thereof to carry out an acid-base extraction to thereby form a complex of the alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon with the superacid, and thereafter separating the complex from the mixture, and a step of adding an eliminating agent having a relative basicity in a range of 0.06 to 10 with respect to the alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon and a second diluent to the complex, and carrying out complex exchange of the alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon for the eliminating agent to thereby separate the alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon from the complex.

Abstract: A solar energy based continuous process and reactor system for the production of an alkene by dehydrogenation of the corresponding alkane is performed in a reactor which process comprises alternatingly performing a first mode and a second mode in the same reactor, wherein the first mode is a non-oxidative dehydrogenation wherein the non-oxidative dehydrogenation is performed by contacting the alkane with a suitable dehydrogenation catalyst at a temperature of at least 500° C. to produce the corresponding alkene and hydrogen and wherein the second mode is an oxidative dehydrogenation wherein the oxidative dehydrogenation is performed by contacting the alkane with a suitable dehydrogenation catalyst and an oxidation agent at a temperature from 300 to 500° C. to produce the corresponding alkene wherein the dehydrogenation catalyst for the oxidative dehydrogenation and the non-oxidative dehydrogenation are the same, wherein the heat for the first mode is provided by a solar energy source.

Abstract: Processes for the production of olefins are disclosed, which may include: contacting a hydrocarbon mixture comprising linear butenes with an isomerization catalyst to form an isomerization product comprising 2-butenes and 1-butenes; contacting the isomerization product with a first metathesis catalyst to form a first metathesis product comprising 2-pentene and propylene, as well as any unreacted C4 olefins, and byproducts ethylene and 3-hexene; and fractionating the first metathesis product to form a C3? fraction and a C5 fraction comprising 2-pentene. The 2-pentene may then be advantageously used to produce high purity 1-butene, 3-hexene, 1-hexene, propylene, or other desired products.

Abstract: A method for recycling carbon dioxide from biomass gasification. The method includes: 1) employing carbon dioxide as a gasifying agent, allowing the carbon dioxide to gasify biomass to yield syngas; 2) cooling the syngas; 3) introduced cooled syngas to a cyclone separator and a gas scrubber for dust removal and purification; 4) allowing purified syngas in 3) to react with the vapor to modify a ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide of the syngas; 5) desulfurizing modified syngas to remove H2S and COS therein; 6) decarburizing desulfurized syngas to separate carbon dioxide therein; 7) introducing desulfurized and decarburized syngas to a synthesizing tower to yield oil products and exhaust gas including carbon dioxide; 8) decarburizing the exhaust gas including carbon dioxide and separating the carbon dioxide; and 9) introducing the carbon dioxide separated in 6) and 8) to 1) as the gasifying agent for gasification.

Abstract: A process for the production of C4 olefins, which may include: contacting a hydrocarbon mixture comprising alpha-pentenes with an isomerization catalyst to form an isomerization product comprising beta-pentenes; contacting ethylene and the beta-pentenes with a first metathesis catalyst to form a first metathesis product comprising butenes and propylene, as well as any unreacted ethylene and C5 olefins; and fractionating the first metathesis product to for an ethylene fraction, a propylene fraction, a butene fraction, and a C5 fraction.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing ethylene includes: a reactor; a first separation column, connected to the reactor; a second separation column, the upper part of the second separation column being connected to the bottom of the first separation column, and the top of the second separation column being connected to the lower part of the first separation column; a first condenser, an inlet of the first condenser being connected to the top of the first separation column, and an outlet of the first condenser being connected to the upper part of the first separation column; and a third separation column, used for receiving a second part of a first condensate from the condenser and separating the received part. A method for producing ethylene using the aforementioned apparatus is also described.

Abstract: A system for absorbing and separating acid gases may include an absorbing tower in which a gas containing an acid gas is supplied, a recycling tower that is disposed close to the absorbing tower, an absorbent that absorbs an acid gas in the absorbing tower and discharges the acid gas back to the recycling tower while circulating through the absorbing tower and the recycling tower, and a condenser that is connected to the recycling tower and condenses an acid gas produced in the recycling tower, wherein a centrifugal separator that separates the absorbent, using a centrifugal force, is disposed at a lower portion in the absorbing tower.

Abstract: A process and apparatus are disclosed for hydrotreating a hydrocarbon feed in a hydrotreating unit and hydrocracking a second hydrocarbon stream in a hydrocracking unit. The hydrocracking unit and the hydrotreating unit may share the same recycle gas compressor. A make-up hydrogen stream may also be compressed in the recycle gas compressor. The second hydrocarbon stream may be a diesel stream from the hydrotreating unit. The diesel stream may be a diesel and heavier stream from a bottom of a hydrotreating fractionation column.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing granular urea and reducing ammonia emissions in a gaseous waste stream of the urea granulation process. The method includes the steps of granulating urea and generating a gaseous waste stream from the granulation of the urea, first washing the waste stream in a first scrubber dust stage to remove dust form the gaseous waste stream, and then reacting the gaseous waste stream with formaldehyde in a formaldehyde stage to generate a hexamethylenetetramine and urea-formaldehyde liquid stream, and an ammonia-reduced off-gas stream.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to systems and methods for reducing and/or harvesting drag energy from transport vehicles. A system in accordance with a particular embodiment includes a mobile transport platform, a donor substance source carried by the platform, and a thermochemical reactor carried by the platform and coupled to the donor substance. The reactor is configured to carry out a non-combustion dissociation process that dissociates the donor substance into a first constituent and a second constituent. An energy extraction system carried by the transport platform and positioned to extract energy from an airstream passing the transport platform is coupled to the reactor to provide energy for the dissociation process.

Abstract: Embodiments of apparatuses and methods for hydrotreating coker kerosene or other thermally or catalytically cracked hydrocarbon stream are provided. In one example, a method comprises splitting a feed comprising coker kerosene into first and second feed streams. The first feed stream is heated to form a heated first feed stream. The second feed stream is partially heated to form a partially heated second feed stream. The heated first feed stream is contacted with a first hydrotreating catalyst to form a first hydrotreated intermediate stream. The first hydrotreated intermediate stream is combined with the partially heated second feed stream to form a partially quenched first hydrotreated intermediate combined stream. The partially quenched first hydrotreated intermediate combined stream is contacted with a second hydrotreating catalyst to further hydrotreat the partially quenched first hydrotreated intermediate combined stream.

Abstract: Disclosed is a plant for the production of urea. The plant comprises conventional sections for synthesis and recovery, for evaporation and condensation, for urea finishing, and for dust scrubbing. According to the invention, an additional evaporation and condensation loop is introduced from and to the dust scrubbing section. This loop results in a more favorable energy consumption of the plant.

Abstract: A method for mixing a chemical into a process liquid including: injecting the chemical into the process liquid flowing through a flow pipe; forming reaction products by a reaction involving the chemical occurring in the process flow; applying an electric field or magnetic field to a region of the flow pipe adjacent to the reaction occurring in the process flow, and suppressing the precipitation of the chemical or the reaction products on the surfaces of the pipe due to the electric or magnetic field.

Abstract: A reactive rectification column suitable for the production of 2-hydroxy-4-methylmercaptobutyric acid and/or methionine contains a weir having a height of 100 mm or more.

Abstract: Biomass combustion processes may be controlled to intentionally generate a carbon-containing ash, from which activated carbon is produced according to the methods disclosed. Some variations provide an economically attractive process for producing an activated carbon product, the process comprising combusting a carbon-containing feedstock to generate energy, combustion products, and ash, wherein the ash contains at least 10 wt % carbon; separating and recovering carbon contained in said ash; and further activating or treating the separated carbon, to generate an activated carbon product. Many process variations are disclosed, and uses for the activated carbon product are disclosed.

Abstract: A process that includes: (a) introducing a vent gas comprising hydrochloric acid, silicon tetrachloride, trichlorosilane, and dichlorosilane to an HCl converter reactor comprising a metal catalyst, to provide a product gas comprising less hydrochloric acid than was present in the vent gas; (b) refining the product gas to provide a hydrogen enriched stream and a chlorosilane(s) enriched stream, and (c) introducing the chlorosilane(s) enriched stream into a TCS/STC distillation unit, to generate a fraction enriched in silicon tetrachloride and another fraction enriched in trichlorosilane and dichlorosilane.

Abstract: A system and process are described for clean separation of biocrudes and water by-products from hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) product mixtures of organic and biomass-containing feedstocks at elevated temperatures and pressures. Inorganic compound solids are removed prior to separation of biocrude and water by-product fractions to minimize formation of emulsions that impede separation. Separation may be performed at higher temperatures that reduce heat loss and need to cool product mixtures to ambient. The present invention thus achieves separation efficiencies not achieved in conventional HTL processing.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be a process for cooling a vent stream from a receiver. Generally, the process may include providing a refrigerant including at least one compound contained in the receiver so the refrigerant leaking into the receiver can be compatible with the process.

Abstract: This invention relates to a power recovery process in waste steam/CO2 reformers whereby a waste stream can be made to release energy without having to burn the waste or the syngas. This invention does not make use of fuel cells as its critical component but makes use of highly exothermic chemical reactors using syngas to produce large amounts of heat, such as Fischer-Tropsch. It also relates to control or elimination of the emissions of greenhouse gases in the power recovery process of this invention with the goal of producing energy in the future carbonless world economy. A New Concept for a duplex kiln was developed that has the combined functionality of steam/CO2 reforming, heat transfer, solids removal, filtration, and heat recovery.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for producing chemicals from a methane-containing gas are provided. More specifically, the method and an apparatus make use of heterogeneous catalysis, beginning with the partial oxidation of methane to produce synthesis gas followed by a reaction, such as a Fischer-Tropsch reaction, to produce the chemicals.

Abstract: Process and apparatus is disclosed for providing a chemical reaction between calcium oxide containing grit particles to produce calcium hydroxide and heat, capturing the heat of hydration and using it to preheat water initially at ambient temperature, to rise to an elevated temperature to increase the amount of lime present in the water to a supersaturated lime suspension level, with the chemical reaction running to completion, followed by cooling. Heat from a water jacket may be used to raise the temperature in the lime slaker. A process and apparatus is also provided for dissolving scale on internal surfaces of a lime slaker, a lime aging tank, grit separation device and piping and dosing sub-systems, by adding acid into the system with rinse water. A pressurized delivery system that is substantially closed to atmosphere delivers treating dosing under sufficient pressure conditions to maintain a relatively constant back pressure, by means of valving.

Abstract: A plant for preparing monosilane (SiH4) by catalytic disproportionation of trichlorosilane (SiHCl3) includes a reaction column having a feed line for trichlorosilane and a discharge line for silicon tetrachloride (SiCl4) formed, and at least one condenser via which monosilane produced can be discharged from the reaction column, wherein the reaction column has at least two reactive/distillative reaction regions operated at different temperatures and containing different catalytically active solids, at least one of the reaction regions containing a catalytically active solid based on vinylpyridine, and at least one of the reaction regions containing a catalytically active solid based on styrene.

Abstract: An apparatus for reforming a hydrocarbon stream is presented. The apparatus involves changing the design of reformers and associated equipment to allow for increasing the processing temperatures in the reformers and heaters. The reformers are operated under different conditions to utilize advantages in the equilibriums, but require modifications to prevent increasing thermal cracking and to prevent increases in coking.

Abstract: A membrane reactor with divergent-flow channel includes a reaction pipeline, a membrane and a purge (sweep) pipeline sequentially arranged from inside to outside or from outside to inside. The reaction pipeline has a cross-sectional area increment from the front (upstream) end to the rear (downstream) end, so that the flow velocity of a reactant gas is decreased from the upstream end to the downstream end to extend the residence time of the reactant gas and improve the reaction rate of the reactant gas. The sweep pipeline has a cross-sectional area decrement from the upstream end to the downstream end, so that the flow velocity of a purging (sweeping) gas is increased from the upstream end to the downstream end to accelerate the reactant gas, and a product gas generated from the reaction passes through the membrane and enters the sweep pipeline to improve the reaction efficiency.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a biogas purification system and method for removal of sulfur and halogenated compounds and acidic reaction products from biogas. A contaminant removal module is supplied containing a catalytic oxidation catalyst comprising vanadium oxide (V2O5) on a metal oxide support where the catalyst oxidizes 85% or more of the sulfur and halogenated compounds. This may be followed by a contaminant removal module containing alkali impregnated carbon which removes 85% or more of the acidic reaction products. If siloxane impurities are present in the biogas, one may utilize a contaminant removal module containing alumina oxide.

Abstract: Disclosed is a boron recovering device including: an aeration-type water-channel reactor including a water channel; at least one aeration unit disposed in the water channel and aerating a boron-containing solution by passing it through the water channel to deposit boron in the form of borax; and a precipitation bath precipitating the deposited borax in the boron-containing solution having passed through the aeration-type water-channel reactor and separating a filtrate by overflowing, a boron recovering device, a method of recovering boron, and a boron recovering system.

Abstract: The present invention provides a membrane reaction apparatus for recovering heat of reaction, which includes a membrane reactor. The said membrane reactor includes a reaction pipeline, a membrane and a sweep pipeline. The reaction pipeline has a reaction space, and an exothermic reaction occurs therein, which generates product gas and heat of reaction. Part of the product gas penetrates through the membrane around the reaction space and enters into the sweep pipeline. Sweeping gas enters into the sweep pipeline and carries the product gas and the heat of reaction away. It is feasible to wrap the product gas around the sweep pipeline, for enhancing the heat transfer from the product gas to the sweeping gas. The heat of reaction brought by the sweeping gas can be further released in a heat exchanger. so that the heat of reaction is available to be recovered and used for other endothermic processes.

Abstract: A system includes a solvent gas processing system having a high pressure reaction vessel configured to remove an acid gas from an untreated feed gas using a solvent in a lean solvent fluid stream. The system includes a high pressure reaction vessel is configured to output a treated clean gas and a first flow of a high pressure fluid stream via a first flow path. The system includes a turbine having a main nozzle, an auxiliary nozzle, and an outlet. The main nozzle is configured to receive a second flow of the high pressure fluid stream from the first flow path via a main flow path. The system includes an auxiliary nozzle valve disposed along an auxiliary flow path. The auxiliary nozzle valve is configured to control a third flow of the high pressure fluid stream into the auxiliary nozzle of the turbine.