Abstract: A cabinet provides a continuous sanitizing environment for items contained within the cabinet. The sanitizing environment is achieved by generated oxygen, ozone, and ultraviolet light within the cabinet. Expelled oxygen and ozone from the cabinet sanitize the ambient environment in which cabinet resides in.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for evaluating the quality of an environment or process by measuring light emitted from a bioluminescent sample containing ATP, ADP, or alkaline phosphatase. The apparatus comprises a sample collection and analysis system used to collect a sample, mix reagents, react the sample, and collect it in a measurement chamber. The system includes an instrument having a photon detection assembly for use with the sample testing device and one or more probe assemblies that optically cooperate with the instrument. The instrument includes a dark chamber with a reflective interior surface which may be concave or preferably spherical, and a photon detection sensor such as a multi-pixel photon counter sensor. A substantially transparent portion of the probe assembly, and liquid contained therein, focus bioluminescence toward the photon detection sensor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a vacuum exhaust system of a sterilizer, comprising: a sterilization chamber; a first vacuum pump connected to one side of the sterilization chamber; an oil mist trap section for exhausting steam incoming from the sterilization chamber via the first vacuum pump; and a second vacuum pump connected to the first vacuum pump and the oil mist trap section. The vacuum exhaust system of a sterilizer according to the invention comprises the second vacuum pump connected to the first vacuum pump and the oil mist trap section, wherein by turning the second vacuum pump on to apply a vacuum to the operating oil in the first vacuum pump, thereby providing a certain pressure for evaporating water in liquid state to the first vacuum pump, the invention can vaporize the water vapor trapped in the operating oil in the first vacuum pump.

Abstract: A method of sterilizing an object with atomic nitrogen from a nitrogen plasma comprises the steps of positioning the object in a sterilization chamber, and conditioning the object present in the chamber. The step of conditioning includes a first stage of injecting atomic nitrogen into the chamber, during which a first concentration of atomic nitrogen in the chamber is imposed, a suction stage performed after the first injection stage, during which the chamber is evacuated, and a second stage of injecting atomic nitrogen into the chamber that is performed after the suction stage, during which a second concentration of atomic nitrogen is imposed in the chamber. The method further comprises a sterilization step of sterilizing the object, performed after the conditioning, and includes injecting atomic nitrogen into the chamber, during which step a concentration of atomic nitrogen in the chamber is imposed that is greater than the first and second concentrations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vacuum exhaust system of a sterilizer, comprising: a sterilization chamber; a first vacuum pump connected to one side of the sterilization chamber; an oil mist trap section for exhausting steam incoming from the sterilization chamber via the first vacuum pump; and a second vacuum pump connected to the first vacuum pump and the oil mist trap section. The vacuum exhaust system of a sterilizer according to the present invention comprises the second vacuum pump connected to the first vacuum pump and the oil mist trap section, wherein by turning the second vacuum pump on to apply a vacuum to the operating oil in the first vacuum pump, thereby providing a certain pressure for evaporating water in liquid state to the first vacuum pump, the present invention can vaporize the water vapor trapped in the operating oil in the first vacuum pump.

Abstract: Methods of combined sterilization and integrity testing of dialyzers such as hollow fiber dialyzers are disclosed. Sterilization and integrity testing may be performed by treating the dialyzer with a sterilization fluid for sterilizing at least the blood-side compartment of the dialyzer and for wetting the dialysis membrane of the dialyzer with the sterilization fluid, and carrying out an integrity testing of the dialysis membrane wetted with the sterilization fluid, wherein the sterilization fluid is selected from aqueous solutions containing peroxide and/or ozone, the peroxide being selected from peroxides which disintegrate into water, oxygen and/or volatile organic compounds, and from aqueous solutions containing chlorine, bromine and/or iodine.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a sterilant can be injected into a container without residual water on an object to be sterilized. The method includes decreasing a pressure in the container to a pressure higher than the triple point pressure at which water freezes. The method further includes comparing an actual time required for decreasing the pressure and a reference time, or comparing an actual rate of pressure increase and a reference rate to detect residual water on the object. If the residual water is detected, the pressure in the container is increased to the atmospheric pressure or the quasi-atmospheric pressure and the object is heated, and then the pressure is decreased to drain the residual water through the decompression boiling. The step of draining the residual water is repeatedly performed until no residual water is detected on the object and subsequently the sterilant is injected into the container.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for sterilization of the interior surface of packaging containers with electron beam, comprising an emitter provided with an electron exit window. The emitter is adapted to emit charge carriers, such as electrons, through the electron exit window, said electrons forming an electron cloud. The device comprises at least one outlet adapted to provide a flow of sterile gaseous medium adapted to maintain a local aseptic zone around at least an emitter portion including the electron exit window, thus preventing any flow of medium from outside the local aseptic zone from coming into the local aseptic zone. The invention also relates to a method.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for incorporating a wireless device into a plastic container as part of the steps of manufacturing the container. The plastic container can be a flexible plastic bag and are formed of one or more sheets, generally two or more sheets of plastic film or a rigid plastic container such as a tub or tote. The bags are formed by sealing together adjacent edge portions of each film layer. One embodiment of the present invention is to incorporate a wireless device between the edge portions of the film(s) before or during sealing so that the wireless device becomes permanently sealed into the film material but is isolated from both the bag interior and the outside environment. Another embodiment is to incorporate the wireless device onto or into a plastic component that is sealed to the container, such as a nipple or port, so that the wireless device becomes permanently sealed to the container but is isolated from both the container interior and the outside environment.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for sterilization of the interior surface of packaging containers with electron beam, comprising an emitter provided with an electron exit window. The emitter is adapted to emit charge carriers, such as electrons, through the electron exit window, said electrons forming an electron cloud. The device comprises at least one outlet for conditioning at least a sterilized volume in the packaging container. The outlet is adapted to provide a flow of a sterile gaseous medium, thereby generating a first condition at least inside the sterilized volume of the packaging container. The first condition is adapted to prevent any flow of medium from outside the sterilized volume from coming into the sterilized volume without first being sterilized by the electron cloud. The invention also relates to a method.

Abstract: A method for removing biofilm from a lumen of a medical implant is disclosed. The method includes the steps of inserting a plasma applicator into a lumen defined in a medical implant, the lumen having a proximal end portion and a distal end portion having an opening therein, positioning the plasma applicator adjacent a biofilm formation, generating a selectively reactive plasma effluent at the plasma applicator and directing the selectively reactive plasma effluent at the biofilm formation.

Abstract: In a low temperature hydrogen peroxide gas plasma sterilizer, plasma within the sterilization chamber contributes to the sterilization process and decomposes the sterilant used at the end of a sterilization programs. The plasma however the must be properly profiled otherwise undesired surface etching may occur on the sensitive medical apparatus. This application describes a novel plasma control method and apparatus which minimize the harmful side effects plasma on the medical apparatus during a sterilization program.

Abstract: Extracorporeal systems and methods for treating blood-borne diseases in a subject or for developing drugs to treat blood-borne diseases include various environmental and treatment modules that can be tailored to a specific disease or infection. In certain embodiments of the systems and methods, a blood sample is treated with cold plasma and optionally with hydrostatic pressure, a pulsed electrical field, a pharmaceutical agent, microwave, centrifugation, sonification, radiation, or a combination thereof, under environmental conditions that are effective for the treatment.

Abstract: A microfibrillar high molecular weight chitosan-based textile can be used as a hemostat. The chitosan has been treated in a nitrogen field by applying energy to ionize nitrogen in and around the chitosan textile. A single or multiple such treatments may be employed. For example, the chitosan textile may be irradiated under nitrogen using ?-irradiation, treated under a nitrogen plasma, or both.

Abstract: Low energy electron sterilizers and method of sterilization using low energy electrons are disclosed herein. An example method of sterilizing an instrument using low energy electrons can include generating one or more low energy electrons, maintaining the instrument in a vacuum and irradiating the instrument with the low energy electrons. The low energy electrons can have an energy less than or equal to 25 keV, and the vacuum can be sufficiently low to prevent the one or more electrons from producing a plasma.

Abstract: The invention relates in various embodiments to a composite useful as e.g. a medical implant device, and a method of treating fouling, including biofouling as may occur on an implant. The composite comprises a matrix phase and a patterned phase that comprises an energetically activatable wire intermixed with the matrix phase, the wire when energetically activated, which includes thermal activation, causes modification of at least a portion of the matrix phase to treat fouling that might otherwise occur. The method of treating biofouling may be practiced on a patent while the medical implant of the invention is in situ.

Abstract: A microfibrillar high molecular weight chitosan-based textile can be used as a hemostat. The chitosan has been treated in a nitrogen field by applying energy to ionize nitrogen in and around the chitosan textile. A single or multiple such treatments may be employed. For example, the chitosan textile may be irradiated under nitrogen using ?-irradiation, treated under a nitrogen plasma, or both.

Abstract: Photothermal antibacterial material RMG is provided in the present invention, where R represents aldehyde, di-aldehyde or multi-aldehyde, M is magnetic material, and G is reduced graphene oxide. A method of synthesizing the abovementioned antibacterial material comprises of three steps. At first graphene oxide was synthesized, followed by simultaneous reduction and functionlization with MNPs and eventually an aldehyde is modified on magnetic material to yield magnetic G functionalized glutaraldehyde (RMG). We utilize the photothermal feature of graphene for antibacterial activity, in addition graphene was functionalized with aldehyde for capturing bacteria and with magnetic material to enhance a focusing of light irradiation. Moreover, the magnetic properties of material could help for reusability of antibacterial material.

Abstract: A stabilized mixed oxidant solution may be produced by flowing a starting solution (e.g., salt brine, hypochlorous acid, and/or sodium hypochlorite) through a flow-through electrochemical module including first and second passages separated by an ion permeable membrane while electric power is applied between an anode and cathode in electrical communication with the first and second passages, respectively. An initially acidic anolyte solution received from the first (anode) passage is stabilized by elevating pH to yield a stabilized mixed oxidant solution. Methods of using the mixed oxidant solution are further provided.

Abstract: A method and device are provided for treating flammable materials, fuels for example, by irradiation of the materials with ultra-violet radiation. In one embodiment, the apparatus suited for connection to a fuel line includes a body with centrally-formed duct and UV light sources mounted outside of the duct at upper and lower sides. It is to be appreciated that the invention has utility for many different fuel system applications, for example in aircraft, boats and in other motive vehicles. Further, the device can be conveniently mounted, if desired, on different fuel platforms including on bowsers.

Abstract: UV hard-surface disinfection system that is able to disinfect the hard surfaces in a room, while minimizing missed areas due to shadows by providing multiple UV light towers that can be placed in several areas of a room such that shadowed areas are eliminated and that can be transported by a cart that is low to the ground such that the towers may be loaded and unloaded easily by a single operator. The system is able to be controlled remotely, such that during activation of the system, no operator is present, and to automatically cut power to all towers in the event that a person enters the room.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to efficiently sterilize microorganisms present in or on a surface of a liquid. Plasma is generated in a vicinity of or in a manner to make contact with a liquid whose pH value is adjusted to become 4.8 or lower, more preferably 4.5 or lower. The plasma is generated in an atmospheric gas containing nitrogen, e.g., in the air. Superoxide anion radicals (O2?.) that are generated by the plasma react with protons (H+) in the liquid to form hydroperoxy radicals (HOO.). Further, nitrogen and oxygen included in the air are combined together by the action of plasma to form nitrogen oxide such as nitric oxide (NO.). The nitric oxide (NO.) combines with the hydroperoxy radicals (HOO.) to become peroxynitrite (ONOOH(ONOO?)) having a high microbiocidal activity.

Abstract: Described herein are methods and compositions for killing or preventing the growth of microbes. It has been discovered that a class of porphyrins can kill or prevent the growth of microbes. The porphyrins can be used in a number of different applications where microbes grow.

Abstract: There is disclosed various devices and articles comprising phosphors for converting electromagnetic energy to radiation having a shorter wavelength, the composition comprising at least one phosphor capable of converting an initial electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength (A) to an electromagnetic radiation having a shorter wavelength (B) comprising UV radiation or radiation of a shorter wavelength. There is also a method of sterilizing such devices and articles by exposing it to UV radiation or radiation of a shorter wavelength for a time sufficient to deactivate or kill at least one microorganism and/or for a time sufficient to inhibit abnormal cell growth within the body, when the composition is in an implantable medical device.

Abstract: There is disclosed a composition for converting electromagnetic energy to ultraviolet C (UVC) radiation or radiation of a shorter wavelength, the composition comprising at least one phosphor capable of converting an initial electromagnetic energy (A) to an electromagnetic energy (B) comprising UVC radiation or radiation of a shorter wavelength, and an organic or inorganic media containing said phosphor. There is also a method of sterilizing an article by exposing it to UVC radiation or radiation of a shorter wavelength for a time sufficient to deactivate or kill at least one microorganism and/or for a time sufficient to inhibit abnormal cell growth within the body, when said composition is in an implantable medical device. A method of coating an article with such compositions is also disclosed.

Abstract: An installation for treating articles with radiation, the installation comprising a structure having pivotally mounted thereon an inlet starwheel and an outlet starwheel respectively arranged facing an inlet and an outlet of a shielded enclosure in which there are mounted at least one pivotal treatment starwheel and at least one electron emitter in the vicinity of the treatment starwheel. The installation comprises a linear inlet conveyor and a linear outlet conveyor extending inside the shielded enclosure respectively facing the inlet and the outlet, the linear conveyors each comprising a respective transporter surrounding a shielded wall forming a baffle.

Abstract: An apparatus, system and method for reducing the growth of microbial contamination, such as bacteria, virus, mold and biofilms, in an air-handling unit. The apparatus includes a mounting member configured to couple with a housing of an air-handling unit and a turbine coupled with the mounting member and configured to produce energy when positioned in an air flow path through the air-handling unit. The apparatus also includes an electrode assembly including an anode configured to be placed in a condensate pan and receive energy from the turbine. The anode produces agents that reduce the growth of microbial contamination when energized.

Abstract: Systems and methods for treating a fluid by passing fluid through a treatment structure, the fluid containing undesirable living things, the treatment structure containing electrically conductive nanomaterial with silver, flowing an electric current in the fluid in the treatment structure via the electrically conductive nanomaterial with silver or silver material to kill undesirable living things in the treatment structure, and killing undesirable things in the treatment structure.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of controlling a real-time oxidation-reduction potential in a hot water system to inhibit corrosion in the hot water system. The method includes defining one or more operational protective zones in the hot water system. One or more of the operational protective zones includes an oxidation-reduction potential probe that is operable to measure a real-time oxidation-reduction potential in the hot water system at operating temperature and pressure. The probe transmits the measured real-time potential to the controller, which assesses and interprets the transmitted potential to determine whether it conforms to an oxidation-reduction potential setting. If the measured potential does not conform the oxidation-reduction potential setting, the controller is operable to feed or remove one or more active chemical species into or from the hot water system and further operable to change at least one system parameter.

Abstract: Process for treatment of residual nucleic acids present on the surface of laboratory consumables. The process combines two treatment phases: (1) treatment with ethylene oxide in gaseous phase; then (2) treating the surface with hydrogen peroxide in liquid phase or in gaseous phase. The effect of this treatment is the avoidance of the amplification of residual nucleic acids, in particular during PCR or TMA reactions.

Abstract: Methods and systems for surveying and sterilizing one or more areas or one or more portions of one or more areas are described.

Abstract: Systems, devices, methods, and compositions are described for providing an actively-controllable disinfecting implantable device configured to, for example, treat or prevent an infection in a biological subject.

Abstract: Provided herein is methods of fabricating a medical implant and methods of using the same.

Abstract: To identify an alternative swelling medium with a hydrophilic polymer, we have observed that a swelling medium containing only 6% PEG 2000 and 0.9% NaCl failed to protect a hydrophilic coating during electron beam sterilization and subsequent storage at ambient and higher temperatures in an accelerated storage stability test. An unacceptably low dry-out time, below the specified 5 minutes, was obtained. However, when the biological buffer sodium citrate was added to a swelling medium containing PEG 2000, the performance of the stored catheters was as good as or better than the performance of catheters stored with the conventional swelling medium.

Abstract: A plasma sterilizing device has a container for a long tubule to be sterilized, having an adjustable internal pressure, and an electrode provided at at least one end of the long tubule. The device is configured so that plasma is generated inside the long tubule by applying an alternating current voltage to the electrode in such a state that the pressure inside and outside of the long tubule can be adjusted, so that there is a predetermined difference in pressure between the inside and the outside of the long tubule.

Abstract: A system and method to provide uniform, high intensity radially inwardly directed electron beams to the interior of a cylindrical volume for the purpose of destroying toxic, hazardous, or noxious organic and/or inorganic compounds contained in air or other media flowing through a cylindrical region; or to destroy or inactivate bacteria, viruses, fungi, or mold spores in such flowing media; to sterilize contents of flowing media; to treat fluidized grains, herbs, or other products; or to destroy chemical warfare agents. A window assembly to transmit electromagnetic radiation, for example, an electron beam, x-rays, or other high energy electromagnetic radiation, is also disclosed.

Abstract: A microfibrillar high molecular weight chitosan-based textile can be used as a hemostat. The chitosan has been treated in a nitrogen field by applying energy to ionize nitrogen in and around the chitosan textile. A single or multiple such treatments may be employed. For example, the chitosan textile may be irradiated under nitrogen using ?-irradiation, treated under a nitrogen plasma, or both.

Abstract: Vacuum sterilization process with the application of vapour of a mixture of peracetic acid with hydrogen peroxide and residual gas plasma from atmospheric air, excited by pulsed electrical discharge; operational devices and methods used in the sterilization process, preferably a process of sterilization in vacuum, dry, and at low temperature (room temperature).

Abstract: An apparatus and method of producing an atmospheric non-equilibrium plasma (ANEP) in a sealed container having a selected working gas and an object to be treated is described. A variety of working gas mixtures including air, O2, N2, CO2, He and Ar, in combination with a range of ionization gradients, voltages and ANEP column lengths was investigated so as to establish effective ranges of the variables using the sterilization of a sample as a measure of effectiveness. Certain combinations of working gas, voltage gradient, voltage and ANEP column length were found to have greater effectiveness. The approach may be used for food products, medical equipment, or other objects where treatment with reactive gas atmospheres is effective.

Abstract: A microfibrillar high molecular weight chitosan-based textile can be used as a hemostat. The chitosan has been treated in a nitrogen field by applying energy to ionize nitrogen in and around the chitosan textile. A single or multiple such treatments may be employed. For example, the chitosan textile may be irradiated under nitrogen using ?-irradiation, treated under a nitrogen plasma, or both.

Abstract: A device for sterilizing water, comprising a UV lamp, at least one vessel through which water flows, an inlet and an outlet, a reaction chamber being arranged in said vessel. The outlet of the container forms a free down spout. The UV lamp and the vessel are arranged in a cartridge, the cartridge comprising at least fixing means for detachable fixing to a connection device, and connection means for supplying the current and water from a connection device.

Abstract: An electron beam emitter including a vacuum chamber having a width. An electron generator can be positioned within the vacuum chamber for generating electrons. An elongate nozzle can extend from the vacuum chamber along a longitudinal axis and have an exit window at a distal end of the nozzle. The nozzle can have a width that is less than the width of the vacuum chamber. The electron generator can be shaped and dimensioned, and positioned with the vacuum chamber to form and direct a narrow electron beam that enters and travels through the nozzle, and exits out the exit window.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for preventing patient bloodstream infection by microorganisms during administration of various medications or fluids through IV lines. In particular, the invention reduces contamination of IV lines, connecters, stopcock valves, manifolds, ports, etc. by means of irradiation by violet and/or blue light. Each embodiment comprises a source of violet and/or blue light and an optical element optically coupled to that light source for shaping the radiation pattern of the light emitted by the light source. Preferably, a light-emitting diode or a laser diode that emits light in the desired wavelength can be used. The optical element, optically coupled to the light source, is embedded or installed in or attached to a component of an IV set, the emitted light being directed to a “point of entry” or any other stagnation point of an IV set.

Abstract: Methods and systems for sterilization of objects by gas-cluster ion-beam (GCIB) irradiation are disclosed. The sterilization may be in conjunction with other beneficial GCIB surface processing of the objects. The objects may be medical devices or surgically implantable medical prostheses.

Abstract: A water dispensing apparatus, comprising an input for water; a tank provided with means for chilling water; a UV lamp; a UV transmissive coil wrapped at least partially around the lamp such that the water to be dispensed passes through the coil and is thereby sterilized by the UV lamp to Class A UV standards and an output. A single Class A UV source can be used to sterilize both still and carbonated (sparkling) water, or chilled and ambient water, or all three.

Abstract: An arrangement for the exposure of a pumpable medium to an electric field. The arrangement comprises, at least two power supplies (100) for the generation of electrical voltage, at least one non-conducting chamber (102) for pumping said pumpable medium, which said at least one chamber (102) is provided with a first (106) and a second electrode plate (108), a control means (104) for controlling said at least two power supplies (100). During control the control means (104), by synchronous control, establishes a series connection between at least two of said at least two power supplies (100), the first electrode plate (106) and the second electrode plate (108). A resulting composite voltage arises between the first (106) and the second electrode plate (108), which resulting composite voltage will result in an electric field between the first (106) and the second electrode plate (108). The pumpable medium is exposed to the electric field.

Abstract: A bottle, a system and a method sterilize a liquid. The bottle has an interior to hold the liquid and an ultraviolet light emitting lamp that extends into the interior. A cord may be attached to the bottle so that pulling the cord may power the ultraviolet light emitting lamp and/or charge a battery used to power the ultraviolet light emitting lamp. The bottle may have a status light that indicates that the ultraviolet light emitting lamp may have an amount of power equal to or greater than a threshold value, such as, for example, an amount of power necessary for the ultraviolet light emitting lamp to operate for ninety seconds. The bottle may have a removable lid located opposite to the ultraviolet light emitting lamp.

Abstract: A method provides for sterilizing with radiation objects which have a low bioburden and which are sensitive to radiation. A dosage of radiation sufficient to ensure sterilization without damaging the object is determined by determining the bioburden upon one or more samples of the objects, determining an estimate of the dose that results in a preselected probability (e.g., 0.1, 0.01, 0.001, 0.0003162 . . . etc. (i.e., SAL=10?1, 10?2, 10?3, 10?3.5 . . . etc.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) for implants, where the implants have been machined out of UHMWPE blocks or extruded rods, has anthocyanin dispersely imbedded in the polyethylene. The implant is then exposed to ? ray or electron beam irradiation in an amount of at least 2.5 Mrad followed by a heat treatment to prevent the implant from becoming brittle in the long term as well as to improve strength and wear. The method includes mixing a powder or granulate resin of UHMWPE with an aqueous liquid that contains anthocyanin in a predetermined amount. The water is then evaporated to deposit the anthocyanin in a predetermined concentration on the polyethylene particles. The doped UHMWPE particles are compressed into blocks at temperatures in a range of approximately 135° C.-250° C. and pressures in a range of approximately 2-70 MPa. Medical implants are made from the blocks.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an arrangement for treating an object (2-4, 6) enclosed in an envelope with a low-temperature plasma, particularly for sterilizing and/or disinfecting and/or decontaminating the object, wherein the low-temperature plasma is applied to a surface of the object (2-4, 6), wherein the low-temperature plasma is applied through an envelope (2-4) so that the low-temperature plasma penetrates the envelope (2-4).