Zinc Patents (Class 423/622)
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Patent number: 6238808Abstract: Provided are a substrate with a zinc oxide layer, in which at least a zinc oxide layer is provided on a support substrate, wherein the zinc oxide layer comprises a zinc oxide layer having the c axis perpendicular to the support substrate and a zinc oxide layer having the c axis slantindicular to the support substrate in the order from the side of the support substrate; and a photovoltaic device in which a semiconductor layer is formed on the substrate with the zinc oxide layer. Thus provided is the inexpensive photovoltaic device with excellent reflective performance and optical confinement effect and with high photoelectric conversion efficiency.Type: GrantFiled: January 20, 1999Date of Patent: May 29, 2001Assignee: Canon Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Kozo Arao, Hideo Tamura, Noboru Toyama, Yuichi Sonoda, Yusuke Miyamoto
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Patent number: 6221277Abstract: The present invention relates to an activated metal oxide and methods for removing sulfur compounds from fluids, whereby the activated metal oxide includes an amount of metal oxide and an amount of ethoxylated fatty amine, with the ethoxylated fatty amine increasing the rate of reactivity between the metal oxide and the sulfur compounds, which include hydrogen sulfide, carbonyl sulfide, mercaptans, and other organic sulfides. The ethoxylated tallow amines include ethoxylated tallow amine, ethoxylated cocoa amine, ethoxylated oleic amine, ethoxylated soya amine, ethoxylated palmatic amine, ethoxylated steric amine, and combinations thereof. The method involves activating the metal oxide, preferably iron oxide or zinc oxide, with an amount of ethoxylated fatty amine so that when fluids, such as water or liquid hydrocarbons, contact the metal oxide the sulfur compounds are removed.Type: GrantFiled: February 17, 1998Date of Patent: April 24, 2001Assignee: The SulfaTreat CompanyInventor: Delbert C. Scranton, Jr.
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Patent number: 6218335Abstract: A porous spinel type oxide shows a large surface area and a uniform micro-porous structure. The oxide is expressed by general formula MO—Al2O3 and shows a surface area per unit weight of not less than 80 m2/g. Such a porous spinel type compound oxide is obtained by impregnating a specific &ggr;-alumina carrier with a solution of a compound of metal element M capable of taking a valence of 2, drying the impregnated carrier and calcining it at a temperature of 600° C. or higher. The specific &ggr;-alumina carrier shows a surface area per unit weight of not less than 150 m2/g, a micro-pore volume per unit weight of not less than 0.55 cm3/g and an average micro-pore diameter between 90 and 200 angstroms. The micro-pores with a diameter between 90 and 200 angstroms occupy not less than 60% of the total micro-pore volume of the carrier.Type: GrantFiled: July 23, 1999Date of Patent: April 17, 2001Assignee: Chiyoda CorporationInventors: Yoshimi Okada, Kenichi Imagawa, Susumu Yamamoto
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Patent number: 6200680Abstract: A process for producing zinc oxide fine particles comprising heating a mixture comprising a zinc source, a carboxyl-containing compound, and an alcohol; a process for producing zinc oxide-polymer composite particles, which comprises heating a mixture comprising a zinc source, a carboxyl-containing compound, a polymer, and an alcohol at a temperature of 100° C. or higher; a process for producing inorganic compound particles having on their surface a cluster of thin plate like zinc oxide crystals with their tip projecting outward, which comprises heating a mixture comprising a zinc source, a carboxyl-containing compound, lactic acid or a compound thereof, and an alcohol at a temperature of 100° C.Type: GrantFiled: April 3, 1997Date of Patent: March 13, 2001Assignee: Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.Inventors: Mitsuo Takeda, Tatsuhito Matsuda
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Patent number: 6171580Abstract: The present inventors conducted investigations in order to develop a metal oxide which enables effective UV-screening; i.e. which has excellent screening ability against ultraviolet rays, particularly against long-wavelength ultraviolet rays, as well as excellent visible-light transmission; and to provide a UV-screening composition that contains the metal oxide and can be applied to external use. As a result, the present inventors have found that zinc oxide produced by a particular method has a characteristic form; i.e., primary particles having an average particle diameter of 50-100 nm aggregate in a planer shape, and a ratio represented by lnT360nm/lnT400nm (Txnm: transmittance of transmitted light of X nm) of 10 or more, and exerts excellent screening effect against long-wavelength ultraviolet rays as well as excellent visible-light transmission. The present invention has been accomplished based on this finding.Type: GrantFiled: July 16, 1999Date of Patent: January 9, 2001Assignee: Shiseido Company Ltd.Inventors: Tomoyuki Katsuyama, Asa Kimura
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Patent number: 6149888Abstract: A method of producing electroconductive anhydrous zinc antimonate, comprising the steps of mixing a zinc compound and a colloidal antimony oxide in a ZnO/Sb.sub.2 O.sub.5 molar ratio of 0.8 to 1.2; and calcining the mixture of 300 to 680.degree. C. in a gas containing steam to produce an electroconductive anhydrous zinc antimonate having a ZnO/Sb.sub.2 O.sub.5 molar ratio of 0.8 to 1.2 and a primary particle diameter of 5 to 100 nm. The substance is useful as an antistatic agent, an ultraviolet absorbent, a heat ray absorbent, and a sensor, for example.Type: GrantFiled: December 18, 1998Date of Patent: November 21, 2000Assignee: Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Isao Ota, Osamu Tanegashima, Hideo Sakata
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Patent number: 6136288Abstract: Fine powders of ceramic materials can be obtained by firing a precursor powder in a rotary kiln while carried on coarse carrier particles.Type: GrantFiled: December 16, 1993Date of Patent: October 24, 2000Assignee: Norton CompanyInventors: Ralph Bauer, Thomas Edward Cottringer, Martin Bradley Barnes
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Patent number: 6132743Abstract: A zinc oxide powder having a suppressed photocatalytic activity and prepared by coating a zinc oxide powder with at least one silicone compound in a nongaseous state and firing the coated zinc oxide powder in an oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature of 600 to 950.degree. C. A cosmetic preparation containing this zinc oxide powder is excellent in feel, sebum resistance, and protection against ultraviolet light.Type: GrantFiled: July 6, 1999Date of Patent: October 17, 2000Assignees: Kanebo, Ltd., Daito Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.Inventors: Akihiro Kuroda, Yoshinori Waki, Masataka Shimomura
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Patent number: 6129902Abstract: A process for producing positive electrode active material includes feeding an aqueous nickel salt solution, aqueous solutions of different kinds of metals, aqueous solution containing ammonium ions and aqueous alkali solution each independently and simultaneously into a reaction vessel such that the amount of alkali metal is 1.9-2.3 moles relative to 1 mole of the total amount of nickel and different kinds of metals and the amount of ammonium ions is 2 moles or more relative to 1 mole of the total amount of nickel and different kinds of metals, the pH in the vessel is 11-13, the temperature in the vessel is 30-60.degree. C. and the average residence time is 20-50 hours.Type: GrantFiled: February 2, 1998Date of Patent: October 10, 2000Assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Inventors: Hiroyuki Sakamoto, Hidekatsu Izumi, Hirokazu Kimiya, Yoichi Izumi, Isao Matsumoto
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Patent number: 6124549Abstract: A composition for use as an electrical stress controlling layer (12) for use with cable joints and terminations has a non-linear V-I characteristic. The composition comprises a polymeric matrix filled with doped zinc oxide varistor powder. The particulate filler is sieved at 125 micrometers, calcined at 1100.degree. C., and lightly ground to maintain the spherical shape of the particles. More than 50% by weight of the particles have a maximum dimension between 5 and 100 micrometers.Type: GrantFiled: September 17, 1998Date of Patent: September 26, 2000Inventors: Christian Kemp, Georg Bachmaier, Hansjoerg Gramespacher
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Patent number: 6113873Abstract: To hydrous titanium dioxide obtained by hydrolysis of titanium sulfate was added a predetermined amount of a water-soluble aluminum compound and/or a water-soluble zinc compound, the mixture is calcined, and a suitable amount of aluminum and/or zinc is introduced into the crystals to make up the crystal defects of anatase-type titanium dioxide, so that it has increased stability and excellent color stability.Type: GrantFiled: July 29, 1998Date of Patent: September 5, 2000Assignee: Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.Inventors: Makoto Tunashima, Kazuyoshi Muraoka, Kohji Yamamoto, Masaru Mikami, Suzuo Sasaki
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Patent number: 6093236Abstract: Pelletized adsorbent compositions and methods of adsorbing toxic target compounds are provided for the destructive adsorption or chemisorption of toxic or undesired compounds. The pelletized adsorbents are formed by pressing together powder nanocrystalline particles comprising a metal hydroxide or a metal oxide at pressures of from about 50 psi to about 6000 psi to form discrete self-sustaining bodies. The pelletized bodies should retain at least about 25% of the surface area/unit mass and total pore volume of the starting metal particles.Type: GrantFiled: June 8, 1998Date of Patent: July 25, 2000Assignee: Kansas State University Research FoundationInventors: Kenneth J. Klabunde, Olga Koper, Abbas Khaleel
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Patent number: 6071486Abstract: A for producing metal oxide and/or organo-metal oxide compositions from metal oxide and organo-metal oxide precursors utilizing a rate modifying drying agent. The process allows metal oxide and/or organo-metal oxide compositions to be produced from a wide variety of metal oxide and organo-metal oxide precursors including metal halides and organometallic halides.Type: GrantFiled: April 9, 1997Date of Patent: June 6, 2000Assignee: Cabot CorporationInventors: Kenneth C. Koehlert, Douglas M. Smith, William C. Ackerman, Stephen Wallace, David J. Kaul
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Patent number: 6063344Abstract: A method of removing HMO.sub.2.sup.- anions from an aqueous silicate solution comprising contacting the solution with a cationic ion exchange resin, where M is manganese, zinc, copper, nickel, or a mixture thereof. The method is particularly applicable to solutions of sodium silicate or potassium silicate.Type: GrantFiled: June 1, 1999Date of Patent: May 16, 2000Assignee: Occidental Chemical CorporationInventors: Sharon D. Fritts, Walter Opalinski, Joseph Guzzetta
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Patent number: 6039930Abstract: A process for providing elemental metals or metal oxides distributed on a carbon substrate or self-supported utilizing graphite oxide as a precursor. The graphite oxide is exposed to one or more metal chlorides to form an intermediary product comprising carbon, metal, chloride, and oxygen This intermediary product can be flier processed by direct exposure to carbonate solutions to form a second intermediary product comprising carbon, metal carbonate, and oxygen. Either intermediary product may be further processed: a) in air to produce metal oxide; b) in an inert environment to produce metal oxide on carbon substrate; c) in a reducing environment to produce elemental metal distributed on carbon substrate. The product generally takes the shape of the carbon precursor.Type: GrantFiled: October 14, 1998Date of Patent: March 21, 2000Assignee: The United States of America as represented by Administration of the National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationInventor: Ching-Cheh Hung
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Patent number: 6036929Abstract: The invention provides a process for the removal and recovery of zinc from an aqueous process stream. In particular, the process of the invention is useful in the removal and recovery of zinc compounds such as zinc chloride from an aqueous effluent stream produced in various manufacturing processes such as the manufacture of sorbic acid.Type: GrantFiled: November 13, 1997Date of Patent: March 14, 2000Assignee: Eastman Chemical CompanyInventors: William T. Brown, Harold E. Carman, Ralph D. Goins
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Patent number: 5965769Abstract: There are herein disclosed a method for heat recovery and heat utilization by the use of chemical energy which comprises the steps of doing the heat recovery by the following formula (I), and doing the heat utilization by the following formula (I'):HCOOCH.sub.3 .fwdarw.CH.sub.3 OH+CO (I)CH.sub.3 OH+CO.fwdarw.HCOOCH.sub.3 (I')the reaction of the formula (I') being carried out in the presence of an alkali fluoride and zinc oxide. According to the present invention, steam or hot water can be generated at a high temperature of 100.degree. C. or more by the use of a factory waste heat or a river water at a low temperature of 100.degree. C. or less as a heat source from which heat has scarcely been utilized so far, and the thus generated steam or hot water can effectively be used as a heat source or be used in an air conditioner. The catalyst which comprises the alkali fluoride and zinc oxide is used for preparing methyl formate or CO gas according to the formula (I) or (I').Type: GrantFiled: January 7, 1998Date of Patent: October 12, 1999Assignee: Mitsubish Gas Chemical Company, Inc.Inventors: Shiro Kajiyama, Futoshi Ikoma, Atsushi Okamoto, Mikio Yoneoka, Shuji Ebata, Kenji Nakamura
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Patent number: 5942198Abstract: The beneficiation of an electric arc furnace (EAF) dust waste stream comprising zinc compounds by collecting and combining dust from two or more EAF batches with coal fines to form briquettes, adding the briquettes to a final EAF batch with the charge, and collecting the dust from the final EAF batch, so that the zinc in the beneficiated dust is of a greater proportion than in a typical batch of EAF dust. Alternatively, the EAF dust can be split into two dust streams, one of which is returned to the EAF, while the other is treated in a hydrometallurgical process. Either waste stream preliminary can be treated by adding carbon and an ammonium chloride solution, separating any undissolved components from the solution, displacing undesired metal ions from the solution using zinc metal, treating the solution to remove therefrom zinc compounds, and further treating the zinc compounds and the undissolved components resulting in zinc products and an optional iron-carbon feedback.Type: GrantFiled: June 27, 1996Date of Patent: August 24, 1999Assignee: Metals Recycling Technologies Corp.Inventors: Allan S. Myerson, Peter Robinson
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Patent number: 5904911Abstract: There are herein disclosed a raw material for a complex perovskite ceramic composition which is intended to uniformly disperse a trace amount of an addition component (manganese) therein, and a process for preparing the ceramic composition.A manganese-containing composite oxide is represented by the general formula (Mn.sub.a MeI.sub.1-a)MeII.sub.b O.sub.c wherein a is a value in the range of 0<a.ltoreq.0.3; MeI is at least one of Mg, Ni and Zn; MeII is one of Nb, Ta and W; when MeII is Nb or Ta, b is 2 and c is 6, or when MeII is W, b is 1 and c is 4. By the use of a raw material containing this manganese-containing complex oxide, there can be prepared an Mn-containing complex perovskite compound composition which contains Mn and at least one of complex perovskite compounds represented by the general formula Pb(BIBII)O.sub.3 wherein BI is one of Mg, Ni and Zn; and BII is one of Nb, Ta and W.Type: GrantFiled: February 27, 1998Date of Patent: May 18, 1999Assignee: NEC CorporationInventors: Toru Mori, Atsushi Ochi, Shinji Ito, Hiroshi Ishikawa, Tadahiko Horiguchi
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Patent number: 5876687Abstract: A process for providing elemental metals or metal oxides distributed on a carbon substrate or self-supported utilizing graphite oxide as a precursor. The graphite oxide is exposed to one or more metal chlorides to form an intermediary product comprising carbon, metal, chloride, and oxygen. This intermediary product can be further processed by direct exposure to carbonate solutions to form a second intermediary product comprising carbon, metal carbonate, and oxygen. Either intermediary product may be further processed: a) in air to produce metal oxide; b) in an inert environment to produce metal oxide on carbon substrate; c) in a reducing environment to produce elemental metal distributed on carbon substrate. The product generally takes the shape of the carbon precursor.Type: GrantFiled: April 4, 1997Date of Patent: March 2, 1999Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationInventor: Ching-Cheh Hung
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Patent number: 5876688Abstract: A process for preparing zinc oxide comprises introducing, into an atmosphere, an aqueous solution of a zinc salt that is thermally decomposable to zinc oxide, the atmosphere having a temperature sufficient to decompose the salt to the oxide, and recovering zinc oxide. The zinc oxide so-prepared is in the form of discrete particles which can have an average particle size of 0.08 .mu.m or less in diameter and a surface area of at least 12.5 m.sup.2 /g and which is also free of zinc metal. The small particle size zinc oxide is particularly useful as a UV absorbing/scattering additive.Type: GrantFiled: March 6, 1996Date of Patent: March 2, 1999Assignee: Elementis UK LimitedInventor: Roy David Laundon
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Patent number: 5863676Abstract: A zinc active material containing a calcium-zincate constituent is formed external of a battery. The zinc active material is used as the active material for a zinc electrode used in the battery.Type: GrantFiled: March 27, 1997Date of Patent: January 26, 1999Assignee: Energy Research CorporationInventors: Allen Charkey, Dwaine K. Coates
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Patent number: 5861132Abstract: A gas phase process for the production of titanium dioxide powders having well-controlled crystalline and surface area characteristics is disclosed. In this process, which is preferably carried out in a laminar diffusion flame reactor, vapor phase TiCl.sub.4 and oxygen are mixed in a reaction area which is heated externally. The titanium dioxide powder formed is then collected. It is preferred that the heat source used be a hydrocarbon fueled (e.g., methane) flame. Optionally, a vapor phase dopant (such as SiCl.sub.4) may be added to the reaction mixture to desirably affect the physical properties of the titanium dioxide produced. In a particularly preferred embodiment, a corona electric field is positioned across the area where the combustion reaction takes place (i.e., the reaction area). High anatase, high surface area titanium dioxide powders made by this process are excellent photocatalysts. The products of this process and the use of those products as photocatalysts are also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: September 4, 1997Date of Patent: January 19, 1999Assignee: University of CincinnatiInventors: Sotiris Emmanuel Pratsinis, Srinivas Vemury, George P. Fotou, Andreas Gutsch
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Patent number: 5855862Abstract: A method for preparing an oxide (P), which includes the steps of (i) forming a solid phase compound (O) based on an oxide containing molecular entities (1) chosen from optionally substituted ammonium, diammonium, diazan-ium or diazandium, the entities being distributed within the solid matrix, and (ii) eliminating the entities (1) from the solid phase compound (O) by reacting the solid phase compound (O) with a gaseous stream containing a break-down reactant for the entities (1), and isolating the resulting solid material (P).Type: GrantFiled: January 8, 1997Date of Patent: January 5, 1999Assignee: Rhone-Poulenc ChimieInventors: Jean-Claude Grenier, Jean-Pierre Doumerc, Stephane Petit
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Patent number: 5840267Abstract: A method for producing a metal oxide powder which comprises heating a metal or metals in an atmosphere gas comprising a halogen gas, a hydrogen halide gas or a mixture of these gases in a concentration of from 0.5% by volume or more to 99.5% by volume or less; and oxygen, water vapor or a mixture of these gases in a concentration of from 0.5% by volume or more to 99.5% by volume or less.Type: GrantFiled: June 27, 1996Date of Patent: November 24, 1998Assignee: Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.Inventor: Kunio Saegusa
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Patent number: 5827508Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions which are useful for providing protection to the skin of humans from the harmful effects of ultraviolet radiation. In particular the present invention relates to compositions having improved chemical, physical, and photostability. These compositions comprise from about 0.1% to about 10% of a dibenzoylmethane sunscreen compound, from about 0.1% to about 20% of a surface-treated zinc oxide, and a carrier suitable for application to the skin.Type: GrantFiled: September 27, 1996Date of Patent: October 27, 1998Assignee: The Procter & Gamble CompanyInventors: Paul Robert Tanner, Patricia Ritenour Hertz, Margaret Ann O'Donoghue, Christopher Irwin
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Patent number: 5811033Abstract: By performing a debinder process before or at the time of firing, and by enhancing a programming rate in the temperature range of 650.degree..about.950.degree. C., the size of particles shows less distribution. Also, when the temperature comprising the particle growth range of 1025.degree..about.1200.degree. C. is maintained for many hours, a zinc oxide varistor having relatively large and uniformly formed particles can be provided. When a zinc oxide varistor compound is fired, a solid solution of zinc oxide spinel is fired at the programming rate of 175.degree. to 500.degree. C./hr in the temperature range comprising the primary phase of from 650.degree. to 950.degree. C., and at the programming rate of 30.degree. to 500.degree. C./hr in the range of from 1250.degree. to 1300.degree. C. Accordingly, a zinc oxide varistor having comparatively large and uniformed formed particles can be obtained. Sintered products obtained in this way show less distribution in operating voltage.Type: GrantFiled: May 13, 1996Date of Patent: September 22, 1998Assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Inventors: Masahiro Itoh, Atsushi Iga, Hideyuki Okinaka
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Patent number: 5810946Abstract: A method for the production of zinc ammonium chloride complex salts for use as galvanizing fluxes by heating waste materials captured from industrial processes containing zinc in a reducing atmosphere, leaching the resultant captured waste materials in an ammonium chloride solution resulting in a first product solution and a first undissolved materials, adding zinc metal to the first product solution resulting in a second product solution and a second undissolved materials, and adding additional ammonium chloride and/or hydrochloric acid to the second product solution resulting in the production of zinc ammonium chloride complex salts for use as galvanizing fluxes.Type: GrantFiled: February 4, 1997Date of Patent: September 22, 1998Assignee: Metals Recycling Technologies Corp.Inventors: Michael W. Cudahy, Allan S. Myerson
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Patent number: 5776440Abstract: The present invention is directed to a composition for screening out ultraviolet radiation, comprising, in association, at least one nanopigment of metallic oxide and at least one UV-screening fat-soluble polymer.Type: GrantFiled: July 17, 1997Date of Patent: July 7, 1998Assignee: L'OrealInventors: Serge Forestier, Isabelle Hansenne
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Patent number: 5770113Abstract: Zinc oxide ceramics and a method for producing the same are provided wherein zinc oxide varistors for low and high voltages having excellent electric characteristics and high reliability upon DC loading and surge can be obtained in high yield by low-temperature sintering. 0.2 to 20 parts by weight of a mixed powder of bismuth oxide, titanium oxide and antimony oxide is treated in advance at a temperature of 850.degree. C. or less. The synthetic powder thus obtained is added to 100 parts by weight of ZnO material powder to produce ceramics. By using the ceramics for a zinc oxide varistor, a zinc oxide varistor for a low or high voltage can be produced in high yield, which can be sintered at a low temperature and is excellent in electric characteristics and reliability upon DC loading and surge. Aluminum is sprayed on both sides of a sintered body so that an aluminum layer is formed. Copper is sprayed on the aluminum layer so that an electrode is formed. A lead wire is bonded to the electrode.Type: GrantFiled: March 5, 1996Date of Patent: June 23, 1998Assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Inventors: Atsushi Iga, Hideyuki Okinaka, Masahiro Ito
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Patent number: 5762914Abstract: Flame-hydrolytically produced titanium dioxide mixed oxide having a BET surface of 10 to 150 m.sup.2 /g and 1 to 30% by weight aluminum oxide or 1 to 30% by weight silicon dioxide is produced by evaporating aluminum chloride or silicon tetrachloride, transferring the evaporated aluminum chloride or silicon tetrachloride, together with an inert gas, into the mixing chamber of a burner, mixing them with hydrogen, air and gaseous titanium tetrachloride, burning the resulting 4-component mixture in the reaction chamber of the burner, and separating the titanium dioxide mixed oxide from the gaseous reaction products.Type: GrantFiled: August 1, 1996Date of Patent: June 9, 1998Assignee: DegussaInventors: Werner Hartmann, Helmut Mangold, Dieter Kerner
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Patent number: 5759503Abstract: A method for the recovery of high purity zinc oxide products, and optionally iron-carbon feedstocks, from industrial waste streams containing zinc oxide and/or iron. The waste streams preliminarily can be treated by adding carbon and an ammonium chloride solution, separating any undissolved components from the solution, displacing undesired metal ions from the solution using zinc metal, treating the solution to remove therefrom zinc compounds, and further treating the zinc compounds and the undissolved components, as necessary, resulting in the zinc products and the optional iron-carbon feedbacks. Once the zinc oxide has been recovered, the purification process is used to further purify the zinc oxide to obtain zinc oxide which is at least 99.8% pure and which hsa predeterminable purity and particle characteristics.Type: GrantFiled: May 11, 1995Date of Patent: June 2, 1998Assignee: Metals Recycling Technologies Corp.Inventors: Allan S. Myerson, Peter Robinson
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Patent number: 5733895Abstract: This invention relates to a filtering cosmetic composition characterized in that it is comprised, in a cosmetically acceptable carrier, at least one nanopigment of metal oxides selected amongst titanium, zinc, cerium, zirconium, iron oxides or mixtures thereof, having an average diameter lower than 100 nm, and at least one polymer carrying at least one ultraviolet absorbing group selected amongst liposoluble polymers having a hydrocarbonated structure and the polymers of siloxanic structure and such compositions are useful for the protection of human epidermis and hair against UV radiation or as make-up composition.Type: GrantFiled: April 23, 1993Date of Patent: March 31, 1998Assignee: L'OrealInventors: Serge Forestier, Isabelle Hansenne
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Patent number: 5672330Abstract: Flame-hydrolytically produced titanium dioxide mixed oxide having a BET surface of 10 to 150 m.sup.2 /g and 1 to 30% by weight aluminum oxide or 1 to 30% by weight silicon dioxide is produced by evaporating aluminum chloride or silicon tetrachloride, transferring the evaporated aluminum chloride or silicon tetrachloride, together with an inert gas, into the mixing chamber of a burner, mixing them with hydrogen, air and gaseous titanium tetrachloride, burning the resulting 4-component mixture in the reaction chamber of the burner, and separating the titanium dioxide mixed oxide from the gaseous reaction products.Type: GrantFiled: April 18, 1995Date of Patent: September 30, 1997Assignee: Degussa AktiengesellschaftInventors: Werner Hartmann, Helmut Mangold, Dieter Kerner
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Patent number: 5672427Abstract: A zinc oxide powder having high dispersibility, which contains one or more metal elements selected from the group consisting of aluminum, silicon, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, gallium, germanium, zirconium, indium, tin and hafnium in an amount of from 0.1 to 25 atm. % relative to the total amount of metal elements including zinc. The powder has an average primary particle size of up to 1 .mu.m and a relative transmissivity of at least 0.80. The improved properties are obtained by improving the surface of the powder by immersing the powder in one or more organic liquids selected from the group consisting of alcohols, ketones, amines and esters, and then drying the particles. When containing one or more of aluminum, gallium, germanium, indium and tin, the zinc oxide powder of the invention displays high electric conductivity and is therefore applicable as a conductive pigment.Type: GrantFiled: August 30, 1994Date of Patent: September 30, 1997Assignee: Mitsubishi Materials CorporationInventors: Masahiro Hagiwara, Akira Nishihara
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Patent number: 5637258Abstract: A process for the production of metal oxide nanocrystalline phosphors activated with a rare earth, line emitting, element. The nanocrystal oxides are produced by a sol-gel like process. The process begins with an n-butoxide solution of the host and activator which is first subject to acetolysis which will cause the pH of the solution to change from basic to acidic. This is followed by the addition of water in a hydrolysis step which forms a host/activator hydroxide solution. To the host/activator hydroxide solution, sodium hydroxide, which is very basic, is added, which will cause the precipitation of host oxide nanocrystals activated with the activator. The host/activator n-butoxide precursors may be synthesized by azeotropic distillation.Type: GrantFiled: March 18, 1996Date of Patent: June 10, 1997Assignee: Nanocrystals Technology L.P.Inventors: Efim T. Goldburt, Rameshwar N. Bhargava, Bharati S. Kulkarni
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Patent number: 5635154Abstract: Disclosed herein is a process for producing fine metal oxide particles comprising the step of heat-treating an aqueous solution of a metal salt at a temperature of not lower than 200.degree. C. under a pressure of not less than 160 kg/cm.sup.2 for 1 second to 1 hour so as to bring into the decomposition reaction of said metal salt.Type: GrantFiled: May 23, 1995Date of Patent: June 3, 1997Assignee: Nissan Chemical Industries Ltd.Inventors: Kunio Arai, Tadafumi Ajiri
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Patent number: 5618580Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing ceramic fine particles comprising the steps of supplying gaseous starting materials or starting material droplets to a reaction space arranged in an annular portion between inner and outer cylinders of a coaxial, double-cylinder reaction apparatus, the reaction apparatus having a stationary outer cylinder and a rotatable inner cylinder; and subjecting the gaseous starting materials or the starting material droplets to reaction in the reaction space while rotating the inner cylinder. Also, the present invention provides a production apparatus used therefor.Type: GrantFiled: June 15, 1995Date of Patent: April 8, 1997Assignee: Kao CorporationInventors: Kentaro Oshima, Toshiharu Numata, Toru Nishimura, Sachiko Kokubo, Keiichi Tsuto
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Patent number: 5611852Abstract: A stabilized conductive pigment based on aluminum-doped zinc oxide which, for stabilizing the electric conductivity, contains an alkaline earth metal titanate or an oxide of an element from group III or IV.Type: GrantFiled: August 16, 1994Date of Patent: March 18, 1997Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft mit beschrankter HaftungInventors: Gerhard Pfaff, Hans-Dieter Bruckner
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Patent number: 5609854Abstract: A cosmetic composition is provided which includes water, an emollient oil, a sunscreen agent and an aluminum salt of a C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 carboxylic acid. Preferred as the aluminum salt is aluminum citrate, the latter not only thickening but also stabilizing the emulsion against breakage.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1995Date of Patent: March 11, 1997Assignee: Elizabeth Arden Company, Division of Conopco, Inc.Inventors: Angel A. Guerrero, Thomas C. Klepacky, Pamela C. Asplund
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Patent number: 5609852Abstract: The preparation of metal oxide particles having a dye lake precipitated onto their surface in a dye lake:metal oxide ratio of between 10:90 and 80:20 and the use of such particles in cosmetic and toiletry formulations are described.Type: GrantFiled: November 16, 1994Date of Patent: March 11, 1997Assignee: The Boots Company PLCInventors: Edward Galley, Nicola A. Fardell
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Patent number: 5585079Abstract: The invention relates to a method for recovering zinc from a zinc oxide bearing material containing silicates. According to the method, the leaching of zinc compounds is carried out in circumstances where the silicates remain undissolved and consequently do not cause filtering problems. The silicate bearing residue is treated in a Waelz process, so that the major part of the silicic acid contained in the silicates is combined in the iron silicate slag formed in the Waelz process, and the zinc is returned into leaching mainly in oxidic form.Type: GrantFiled: May 23, 1995Date of Patent: December 17, 1996Assignee: Outokumpu Engineering Contracters OyInventor: Sigmund P. Fugleberg
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Patent number: 5582818Abstract: Herein disclosed are cosmetics having spherical silica containing an ultraviolet reflecting meterial surface-treated with platy N-lauroyl-L-lysine incorporated therein. According to the present invention, those cosmetics having spherical silica containing a conventional ultraviolet reflecting material blended therewith are improved in cosmetic functions such as spreadability upon application, lubricity upon application, smooth feeling on skins, adhesiveness to skins, water repellency, feeling, etc., maintaining the original ultraviolet screening effect.Type: GrantFiled: January 27, 1995Date of Patent: December 10, 1996Assignees: Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.Inventors: Noriyuki Nakanishi, Hiroo Mori
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Patent number: 5582812Abstract: A vapor of diethylzinc or dimethylzinc is reacted with water vapor to form very small particles of depleted zinc oxide which are entrained in the gas flow. In accordance with one version of the method, a spray nozzle is used to mix liquid diethylzinc with dry nitrogen to prevent combustion. The nozzle sprays the diluted diethylzinc into a chamber heated up to its boiling point of 118.degree. C. to completely vaporize the diethylzinc. The diluted diethylzinc gas is then reacted with water vapor to form a fume of very small zinc oxide particles entrained in ethane gas without combustion. A similar process can be used to convert dimethylzinc into depleted zinc oxide powder. In accordance with another version of the process, an inert gas stream is saturated with diethylzinc or dimethylzinc vapor by passing a dry inert gas through a vessel containing liquid diethylzinc or dimethylzinc. A second inert gas stream is saturated with water vapor in a similar manner.Type: GrantFiled: January 13, 1995Date of Patent: December 10, 1996Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: George E. Petersen, Randall N. Robinson
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Patent number: 5569414Abstract: By performing a debinder process before or at the time of firing, and by enhancing a programming rate in the temperature range of 650.degree..about.950.degree. C., the size of particles shows less distribution. Also, when the temperature comprising the particle growth range of 1025.degree..about.1200.degree. C. is maintained for many hours, a zinc oxide varistor having relatively large and uniformly formed particles can be provided. When a zinc oxide varistor compound is fired, a solid solution of zinc oxide spinel is fired at the programming rate of 175.degree. to 500.degree. C./hr in the temperature range comprising the primary phase of from 650.degree. to 950.degree. C., and at the programming rate of 30.degree. to 500.degree. C./hr in the range of from 1250.degree. to 1300.degree. C. Accordingly, a zinc oxide varistor having comparatively large and uniformed formed particles can be obtained. Sintered products obtained in this way show less distribution in operating voltage.Type: GrantFiled: August 10, 1995Date of Patent: October 29, 1996Assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Inventors: Masahiro Itoh, Atsushi Iga, Hideyuki Okinaka
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Patent number: 5527519Abstract: The invention relates to finely divided, highly pure neutral zinc oxide powder used for UV protection in cosmetic sun screen preparations and daytime skin care preparations as well as in lacquers and plastics, and to a process for its preparation.Type: GrantFiled: December 7, 1993Date of Patent: June 18, 1996Assignees: Bayer Aktiengesellschaft, Haarmann & Reimer GmbHInventors: Michael Miksits, Christoph Tiburtius, Jurgen Kischkewitz, Kai Butje, Albrecht Warth, Franz Herzig, Roland Langner
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Patent number: 5518812Abstract: Disclosed are electrically conductive fibers which include zinc oxide particles having a substantially rod shape.Type: GrantFiled: November 10, 1994Date of Patent: May 21, 1996Inventors: Mark Mitchnick, Mamoun Muhammed
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Patent number: 5464596Abstract: A method for the recovery of zinc products, including zinc oxide and elemental zinc, and optionally iron-carbon feedstocks, from industrial waste streams containing zinc and iron, by treating the waste streams with carbon and an ammonium chloride solution, separating any undissolved components from the solution, displacing undesired metal ions from the solution using zinc metal, treating the solution to remove therefrom zinc compounds, and further treating the zinc compounds and the undissolved components, as necessary, resulting in the zinc products and the optional iron-carbon feedbacks.Type: GrantFiled: May 4, 1994Date of Patent: November 7, 1995Assignee: Metals Recycling Technologies Corp.Inventor: Allan S. Myerson
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Patent number: 5453111Abstract: A method for the recovery of metals including zinc, zinc oxide, iron-carbon feedstocks, lead and cadmium from industrial waste streams which entails treating the waste streams with carbon and an ammonium chloride solution, separating any undissolved components from the solution, displacing metal ions including lead and cadmium from the solution using zinc metal, further treating the solution to remove zinc compounds therefrom, further treating the zinc compounds and the undissolved components with a dissolving solution, and further treating the displaced metal ions to recover lead, cadmium and zinc therein using various methods including electrolysis.Type: GrantFiled: September 8, 1994Date of Patent: September 26, 1995Assignee: Metals Recycling Technologies, Inc.Inventors: Allan S. Myerson, Michael W. Cudahy
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Patent number: 5451390Abstract: Flame-hydrolytically produced titanium dioxide mixed oxide having a BET surface of 10 to 150 m.sup.2 /g and 1 to 30% by weight aluminum oxide or 1 to 30% by weight silicon dioxide is produced by evaporating aluminum chloride or silicon tetrachloride, transferring the evaporated aluminum chloride or silicon tetrachloride, together with an inert gas, into the mixing chamber of a burner, mixing them with hydrogen, air and gaseous titanium tetrachloride, burning the resulting 4-component mixture in the reaction chamber of the burner, and separating the titanium dioxide mixed oxide from the gaseous reaction products.Type: GrantFiled: October 22, 1993Date of Patent: September 19, 1995Assignee: Degussa AktiengesellschaftInventors: Werner Hartmann, Helmut Mangold, Dieter Kerner