Abstract: Disclosed are gastric acid-resistant polymer-coated buffered-bile acid compositions, process for their preparations and methods of treating digestive disorders, impaired liver function, autoimmune diseases of the liver and biliary tract, preventing colon cancer, cholestasis associated with cystic fibrosis, dissolving gallstones and regulating dietary cholesterol absorption by administering said compositions to a mammal in need of such treatment.

Abstract: Affinity matrices useful for the chromatography and immobilization of biological materials and the method of preparing and using the same are disclosed. The affinity supports are based on hydrated polyurethane polymers which have been activated to provide a means for covalently attaching a variety of bioaffinity agents. The hydrated polymer matrices are characterized by their biocompatibility and resistance to nonspecific protein adsorption. Preferably, the prepolymers used to prepare the hydrated polymers are isocyanate-capped oxyethylene-based diols or polyols, at least 75% of said diols and polyols having a molecular weight of 7000 to about 30,000.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for continuously producing polymer coated particles, and in particular, a polymer coated fertilizer, wherein the coating material used is, for example, an aqueous film forming latex. The coating process is conducted with a plurality of fluidized beds, connected in series, under conditions such that, preferably, the relative humidity of the air in the initial coating zones is maintained below the critical relative humidity of the particle to be coated. The apparatus and process provides a method to prepare coated particles having a narrow coating weight distribution, and thus allows for the economical production of a slow release fertilizer.

Abstract: A process for rapidly and conveniently measuring the magnesium concentration of a biological fluid, such as blood or urine, is carried out by fixing amounts of a chelatometric dye, metal cation masking agents, a chelating agent, an alkaline buffer, and a stabilizer on a bibulous material covered with a semipermeable membrane, adding the test specimen, and measuring the amount of color change of the dye at a selected wavelength. The amount of color change is proportional to the quantity of magnesium in the original specimen and can be measured by visual comparison to a standard color chart or with a dedicated reflectance photometer. Furthermore, a method is given for expanding the range of linearity. The method for making the dry indicator includes coating bibulous material with a reaction solution which is dried thereon, followed by coating this material with an organic solution which is dried thereon.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for continuously producing polymer coated particles, and in particular, a polymer coated fertilizer, wherein the coating material used is, for example, an aqueous film forming latex. The coating process is conducted with a plurality of fluidized beds, connected in series, under conditions such that, preferably, the relative humidity of the air in the initial coating zones is maintained below the critical relative humidity of the particle to be coated. The apparatus and process provides a method to prepare coated particles having a narrow coating weight distribution, and thus allows for the economical production of a slow release fertilizer.

Abstract: A microencapsulated pharmaceutical is formed by vapor depositing a polymeric film about an active pharmaceutical agent. The film thickness of the vapor deposited film is controlled to provide effective controlled release of said pharmaceutical agent subsequent to application. In a preferred embodiment the pharmaceutical is an orally ingestible pharmaceutical formed by vapor deposition of a poly-p-xylylene polymer about a core comprising an active pharmaceutical agent. The pharmaceutical agent exhibits surprising controlled release activity inspite of the extreme inertness of vapor deposited films such as Parylene films.

Abstract: A hollow, elongated, micropipette, which is specially adapted for use in spectrometers and which has an inner wall on which a coating containing a reagent has been deposited, is provided. The reagent is selected from among those that interact with one or more compounds in a sample solution, which is introduced into the micropipette, in order to permit the compounds to be detected by virtue of light absorption or emission by the complexes formed upon interaction of the reagent with the compound of interest in the sample.Upon introduction of the sample solution into the micropipette, a sufficient amount of the reagent in the coating dissolves in the solution and reacts, either directly or indirectly with a compound or compounds of interest in the solution to render such compound detectable and to permit quantification of the concentration of the compound in the sample.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of making hygroscopic pesticidal salt formulations in the form of dispersible granules.

Abstract: An improved method is provided for the deposition of high-purity silicon on silicon particles from silicon source gases in a fluidized bed reactor which is divided into a heating zone and a reaction zone by a partition. Silicon particles in the heating zone are fluidized by a carrier gas such as hydrogen and are heated by microwaves. On the other hand, the reaction zone for the deposition of silicon, through which reaction gases including the silicon source pass, is heated by particle mixing between the reaction zone and the upper section of the heating zone. Subsequently, a desired reaction temperature at the reaction zone is maintained stable without deteriorating the microwave heating of the heating zone.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for producing an optical fiber having formyl groups on a core surface. In one embodiment, a plastic optical fiber having formyl groups on a core surface is obtained by immersing the core surface of the plastic optical fiber in a treating solution containing at least a 0.5 to 40 mM alkali metal hydroxide and a compound having formyl groups in water or lower alcohol solvent. In the other embodiment, a plastic optical fiber having formyl groups on a core surface is obtained by introducing a vic-diol group, a primary hydroxyl group or an alkenyl group on the core surface, and then oxidizing it. Turbidity on the core surface of the optical fiber thus obtained is minimized, thereby reducing the transmittance losses of light.

Abstract: A simple process for achieving very active passivation of metal pigments against hydroxyl-containing compounds comprises treating the metal pigments with passivators in the gas phase.

Abstract: The centrifugal fluidizing granulator for powder coating granulation has a sensor for detecting changes of viscosity of the growing particles by means of a load cell or a displacement detector; and output signal of the sensor is compared with the data stored in a memory contained in a control unit which determines whether the growing particles are in their wetted state or dried state. The control unit controls the spraying of the liquid and the dispersion of the guest powder based on the result of the comparison.

Abstract: What is disclosed is a method for preparing carrier systems, adaptable to the covalent bonding thereto of biologically active materials, consisting of a known solid support material having a surface coated with a polymer containing functional groups suitable for covalent bonding, by coating the support material with a film-forming polymer dispersion and a non-film-forming polymer dispersion, suitably in admixture, at least one of the two polymer dispersions containing a polymer having functional groups suitable for covalent bonding with a biologically active material.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the treatment of a powder by use of a plasma reactor under atmospheric pressure, comprising the steps of providing a reaction chamber having first and second electrodes covered with a dielectric, an upper gas exhaust means and a lower gas inlet means, feeding a fluidizing gas comprising a rare gas, a monomer gas or a mixture thereof through said gas inlet means into said chamber to agitate a powder to be treated in said chamber, concurrently removing said gas from said chamber through said gas exhaust means; and generating a glow plasma under atmospheric pressure in said chamber by applying a voltage to said first electrode and grounding said second electrode whereby said powder is provided with an anticorrosive surface treatment.

Abstract: A sensor element includes an analyte-permeable matrix which supports and maintains an emulsion of a sensing solution containing an analyte-sensitive indicator substance in a plurality of tiny vesicles. The sensing solution is immiscible with the matrix material, and contains a dye indicator which dissociates into two different species. The sensing solution is initially mixed with an agent which modifies the equilibrium of dissociation of the dye indicator for optimal sensitivity. The liquid matrix preferably includes a curing inhibitor to allow the matrix to remain liquid until applied to a sensing surface, such as the tip of an optical fiber. The sensing solution remains suspended in these homogeneously dispersed vesicles after the matrix solidifies.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical pellet composition having a core element including at least one highly soluble active ingredient and a core coating which is partially soluble at a highly acidic pH. The pharmaceutical composition provides a slow release of active ingredient at a highly acidic pH and provides a constant, relatively faster rate of release at a more alkaline pH such as that of the intestine. Oral administration of the pharmaceutical pellet composition of the present invention to a patient is effective to deliver to the blood levels of active ingredient within the therapeutic range and to maintain such levels over an extended period of time.

Abstract: A coating-fluidizing gas supply system for a flat-bottom fluidized bed coater that maintains a high degree of uniform fluidization of levitated particles for a long enough time period to coat medical-device components. The coating-fluidizing gas supply system prevents premature pyrolysis of the coating component of the gas from plugging gas-distributor holes of a flat plate at the bottom of a flat-bottom fluidized bed coater, by directing multiple gas streams uniformly against the entire undersurface of the flat gas-distributor plate, creating an overall cooling-effect on the gas-distributor plate which prevents clogging.

Abstract: Precise control of pyrocarbon being coated upon an object in a fluidized particle bed is achieved by monitoring the weight change of the fluidized particle bed over a period of time. Measurement of such weight change is truly representative of bed size in such a coater, which is a most important factor in achieving the desired characteristics of the pyrocarbon being deposited. By monitoring the bed size by repeatedly determining such changes in the weight, compensating adjustments are made by either adding additional particles to the bed or by changing the rate at which particles are withdrawn so that precise coating characteristics are achieved, and coatings can be deposited within very close thickness tolerances.

Abstract: A process to manufacture and coat a sodium carbonate perhydrate containing 10.5% to 14% active oxygen which is stable in a non-phosphate detergent composition and which has a bulk density of from 900 to 1,050 kg/m.sup.3. Anhydrous sodium carbonate with a pore volume of at least 0.29 ml/g is contacted with 50% to 75% by weight hydrogen peroxide in the presence of 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid and water is evaporated at a rate to maintain a dry reaction mixture. The product is coated by sparging sodium borosilicate at a rate to avoid moistening the particles.

Abstract: The hydrogen content of polysilicon can be reduced by heat treatment. The process is preferably conducted on polysilicon particles in bead-like form produced by chemical vapor deposition in a fluidized bed. The heat treatment is preferably conducted at a temperature of 1020.degree.-1200.degree. C. for a time from about 6 hours to about 1 hour sufficient to reduce the hydrogen content, and insufficient to cause agglomeration of the particles being treated. In order to reduce the tendency of particles to agglomerate at the process temperature employed, the particle bed is preferably maintained in motion during the dehydrogenation. The products produced by the process can have a hydrogen content of 30 ppma or less. These improved products can be used to produce monocrystalline silicon for the production of semiconductor devices.

Abstract: A bleaching detergent composition is disclosed which contains granulated sodium percarbonate incorporated therein formed by separately spraying an aqueous boric acid solution and an aqueous alkali metal silicate solution onto sodium percarbonate particles kept in a fluidized state to coat the sodium percarbonate particles with an aqueous solution of the boric acid and the alkali metal silicate.

Abstract: This invention concerns the addition of fibrous alumina material to a phosphor or phosphor mixture before fluidization as a means of increasing the cohesiveness of the phosphor or phosphor mixture. The increase in cohesiveness can be controlled by varying the concentration of the fiber in the mixture.

Abstract: A process for coating powders with ultrafine particles of silicon, silicon oxide, silicon nitride or alloys thereof, entailing:a) introducing a reactant gas into a bed of core powders, thereby uniformly suspending the core powders in the reactant gas,b) entraining the uniformly suspended core powders into a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) reactor,c) selectively forming ultrafine particles of silicon, silicon oxide, silicon nitride or alloys thereof in the gas phase by homogeneous deposition of the reactant gas, while minimizing core powder growth by CVD at surfaces of suspended core powders, andd) coating the core powders with the ultrafine particles of silicon, silicon oxide, silicon nitride or alloys thereof, by introducing hot inert gas into the uniformly suspended core powders in the reactant gas.

Abstract: This invention relates to an inorganic colorant, to a paste made from that colorant by dispersing that colorant into a vehicle, and to a water based paint made using either these colorants or pastes. This invention involves an improvement of the dispersibility of the inorganic colorant into a dispersion medium by which that inorganic colorant, having polar groups on its surface, is treated by low temperature plasma polymerization of a substantially non-polar monomer to form a non-polar group on the surface of the inorganic colorant. The inorganic colorants, to which this invention is applied to improve their dispersibility, are of a wide variety of species. According to the invention, due to the great improvement in the dispersibility of the inorganic colorants, the possible range of formulation of inorganic colorant and the dispersion medium is enlarged.

Abstract: A fluidized coating apparatus wherein a rotatable perforated disk 2 is provided at the lower portion of a processing cylinder 1 and perforated disk opening portions 3 are provided in the vicinity of the outer peripheral edge of this perforated disk 2. The ratio of the total opening area of the perforated disk opening portions 3 to an area of an annular slit 8 formed between the perforated disk 2 and the inner wall of the processing cylinder 1 is within the range from 0.2 to 0.6. Each of the perforated disk opening portions 3 is provided with a cover and side walls so that gas is blown out outwardly in the radial direction or obliquely backward with respect to a rotating direction within 30.degree. to the radial direction of the perforated disk.

Abstract: Precise control of pyrocarbon being coated upon an object in a fluidized particle bed is achieved by monitoring the pressure difference between a region above the bed and a region in the lower portion of or just below the bed. Measurement of such pressure differential has been found to be truly representative of bed size in such a coater, and bed size is recognized to be a most important factor in achieving the desired characteristics of the substance being deposited. By adjusting bed size in response to changes in the pressure difference being monitored, a substantially constant bed size is readily achieved; alternatively, the pressure difference can be caused to gradually change in accord with a predetermined program. In either instance, adjustments are effected by adding additional particles to the bed or by changing the rate at which particles are withdrawn, and precise coating characteristics, e.g. thicknesses within very close tolerances, are achievable.

Abstract: Novel processes for incorporating anti-scalant agents having acidic functionalities in zero-P or low phosphate built powder detergents to provide an automatic dishwashing detergent of improved solubility.

Abstract: Mixtures useful as luster pigments for coloring paints, printing inks, plastics, decorative cosmetic preparations and ceramic products and usable in dry form in printing and coating processes consist ofA) iron oxide-coated aluminum particles andB) iron oxide-coated mica particles with or without a prior coating of a colorless, highly refractive metal oxide as essential components.

Abstract: Disclosed are gastric acid-resistant polymer-coated buffered-bile acid compositions, process for their preparations and methods of treating digestive disorders, impaired liver function, autoimmune diseases of the liver and biliary tract, prevention of colon cancer following cholecystectomy, cystic fibrosis, dissolving gallstones and regulating dietary cholesterol absorption by administering said compositions to a mammal in need of such treatment.

Abstract: Pyrolytic carbon products are manufactured so as to have improved structural properties. Pyrolytic carbon is deposited on a substrate in a fluidized bed of small particles at a temperature of about 1200.degree. to about 1400.degree. C., and after cooling to ambient temperature, the pyrolytic carbon is machined to desired physical dimensions for a heart valve component or the like. By heating such pyrolytic carbon structures in an inert gas atmosphere to a temperature in the range of about 1000.degree.-1500.degree. C. for at least about one hour following machining, it is found that stresses created in the pyrolytic carbon as a result of the machining are relieved without adverse effect to mechanical properties of the pyrocarbon, resulting in components having greater structural integrity.

Abstract: The inductive heating of a reactor vessel by an external electromagnetic heating source is made more uniform by placing a susceptor between the heating source and the reactor vessel. In preferred embodiments, the reactor vessel is a fluidized bed vessel made of graphite and suitable for the preparation or treatment of polysilicon particles, and the susceptor is also made of graphite.

Abstract: A method of forming a partial protective coating on phosphor particles to improve initial power output and maintenance of fluorescent lamps made with the phosphor. The phosphor particles are fluidized in a bed and at least partially enveloped by a coating precursor material. Residence time of the phosphor particles in the fluidized bed is short so that the phosphor particles are only partially coated with the coating precursor material. The coating precursor material is reacted to form a protective coating over at least a portion of the surface of the phosphor particles. The partially-coated phosphor particles are then annealed to cause the protective coating to selectively cover at least a portion of certain sites on the surface of the phosphor particles.

Abstract: The invention relates to use of a water dispersible isophthalic acid polymer as a dust free coating on particulates. The particles provide a timed release of the contents of the particle which allows for reduced amounts of active agents on the coatings and less interference between active agents in the coating or environment and the particulates.

Abstract: The hydrogen content of polysilicon can be reduced by heat treatment. The process is preferably conducted on polysilicon particles in bead-like form produced by chemical vapor deposition in a fluidized bed. The heat treatment is preferably conducted at a temperature of 1020.degree.-1200.degree. C. for a time from about 6 hours to about 1 hour sufficient to reduce the hydrogen content, and insufficient to cause agglomeration of the particles being treated. In order to reduce the tendency of particles to agglomerate at the process temperature employed, the particle bed is preferably maintained in motion during the dehydrogenation. The products produced by the process can have a hydrogen content of 30 ppma or less. These improved products can be used to produce monocrystalline silicon for the production of semiconductor devices.

Abstract: A film of a polymer dispersed liquid crystal material having improved light scattering and solar attenuation properties, which utilizes a significantly reduced amount of the liquid crystal component as compared to conventional polymer dispersed liquid crystal films, is provided. These improved properties are obtained by the addition of preferably up to about three volume percent of an organic photoaccelerator chosen from the group of amines or aminobenzoates, to the liquid crystal-polymer precursor mixture prior to curing of the mixture.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for continuously producing polymer coated particles, and in particular, a polymer coated fertilizer, wherein the coating material used is, for example, an aqueous film forming latex. The coating process is conducted with a plurality of fluidized beds, connected in series, under conditions such that, preferably, the relative humidity of the air in the initial coating zones is maintained below the critical relative humidity of the particle to be coated.

Abstract: The present invention includes:(i) a method for making a coated particulate comprising the steps offorming a polyolefin emulsion or dispersion;fluidizing additive particles;spraying the emulsion or dispersion on the fluidized additive particles; andforming discrete substantially coated additive particles;(ii) a coated particulate made by the above process; and(iii) a process for providing in-reactor stabilization of a polyolefin during a polymerization reaction using the coated additives prepared by the above described method.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for maintaining the purity of solid/granular product and dispensing high purity granular product from a vessel. A noncontaminating surface is provided by a cup, cylinder, or other structure having a surface of silicon, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, sialon, or similar materials and preferably operates as an angle of repose valve in a pressurized system to prevent contamination by undue contact of the high purity product with conventional gastight valves such as ball valves, butterfly valves, pinch valves, etc.

Abstract: Processes for coating substrates, in particular substrates including shielded surfaces, with tin oxide-containing coatings are disclosed. Such processes comprise contacting a substrate with a tin oxide precursor, preferably maintaining the precursor coated substrate at conditions to equilibrate the coating, and then oxidizing the precursor to form a substrate containing tin oxide. Also disclosed are substrates coated with tin oxide-containing coatings.

Abstract: An encapsulated breaker chemical composition used in a fracturing process in an oil or gas stimulation operation which comprises: (a) a breaker chemical; (b) a water soluble sealing layer, such as urea, having a thickness within the range of about 1 to about 30 microns deposited on the surface of said breaker chemical and encapsulating said breaker chemical; and (c) a pinhole free coating of a neutralized sulfonated elastomeric polymer of about 2 to about 80 microns thick deposited onto the surface of the coated breaker chemical, wherein said neutralized sulfonated polymer encapsulates the breaker chemical and is permeable to the breaker chemical.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method of producing a high density fiber reinforced composite material operate for lowering the porosity of a porous fiber reinforced composite material. A large number of particles arranged in a reaction tube are pushed up by the pressure of gases flowing from a gas inlet port toward a gas outlet port to enter floating states and to collide with the porous fiber reinforced composite material which is fixed in the reaction tube. In this state, matricies are formed in pores of the porous fiber reinforced composite material through chemical vapor infiltration. The large number of floating particles prevent an adhesion between the surface of the porous fiber reinforced composite material and blocking with soot, while preventing the pores from blocking with soot.

Abstract: Solid core particles encapsulated in a single coat of paraffin wax, the wax having a melting point of about 40.degree. to about 50.degree. C. and a solids content of from 100 to about 35% at 40.degree. C. and from 0 to about 15% at 50.degree. C. The paraffin coat may comprise 20 to 90% by weight of the particle and may be from 100 to 1,500 microns thick. The coat prolongs the time in which particles encapsulated therewith may remain active in aqueous environments.The encapsulated particle is made by spraying molten wax onto the particles in a fluidized bed. Liquid or powder cleaning compositions, particularly automatic dishwashing liquid detergents, may incorporate 0.01 to 20% by weight of the composition of the coated wax-encapsulated particles.

Abstract: A method for preparing a specific zinc orthosilicate phosphor particle having a nonparticulate, conformal aluminum oxide coating wherein all of a manganese activator is present as manganese (II) and occupies zinc (II) sites includes the steps of blending a zinc source, a manganese (II) source, a silicon source, and a tungsten source in amounts in accordance with said formula with an amount of up to about 2 weight percent NH.sub.4 Cl and up to about 0.2 weight percent NH.sub.

Abstract: An encapsulated breaker chemical composition used in a fracturing process in the protection of an oil or gas stimulation operation which comprises: a breaker chemical; and a pinhole free coating of a neutralized sulfonated elastomeric polymer of about 2 to about 80 microns thick deposited onto the surface of the breaker chemical, wherein said neutralized sulfonated polymer encapsulates the breaker chemical, wherein the neutralized sulfonated polymer is permeable to the breaker chemical and the neutralized sulfonated polymer is non-reactive to the breaker chemical.

Abstract: An encapsulated breaker chemical composition used in an oil or gas stimulation operation which comprises: a breaker chemical; and a pinhole free coating of an ionically and covalently crosslinked neutralized sulfonated elastomeric polymer of about 2 to about 80 microns thick deposited onto the surface of the breaker chemical, wherein said polymer encapsulates the breaker chemical, wherein the polymer is permeable to the breaker chemical and the polymer is non-reactive to the breaker chemical.

Abstract: A coated product comprising a water soluble core material having a water insoluble polymeric coating encapsulating said core and a process for the production thereof. The encapsulating coating comprising a water-borne, polyvinylidene chloride-based latex composition which provides for the release of the water soluble core material over an extended period of time.

Abstract: In a method of operating a fluidized bed, gas under pressure is distributed into the bed through a gas permeable member extending transverse to the bed and a gas permeable wall of a discharge conduit wherein the relative permeability of the gas permeable member and the conduit is selected so as to obtain a desired distribution of gas entering the bed and a desired effect on the fluidization pattern in the bed.

Abstract: An improved fluidized bed reactor characterized by a peripheral heating zone annulus containing particles of the fluidized bed. The particles are heated in the heating zone annulus and transferred to an inner reaction zone. The particles enter the heating zone annulus at an upper inlet and exit the heating zone annulus at a lower outlet. The heated particles supply heat to the inner reaction zone.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are provided for coating relatively small quantities of particles including tablets, pellets, or granules. The device effectively fluidizes the particles to be coated by controlled vibration of a perforated platform through which drying air is passed during intermittent spraying of the particles with a solution of organic or aqueous-based coating material. The method coats individual tablets having as low a mass as 50 mg and coats quantities ranging from less than about 50 mg to 10 g of tablets, pellets, or granules.

Abstract: The present invention provides a carrier for coating with immunologically-active material, wherein it consists of an injection molded synthetic resin with a content of adjuvant and additional materials of less than 1% by weight. The present invention also provides a carrier coated with immunologically-active material, wherein the carrier consists of synthetic resin with a content of adjuvant and additional materials of less than 1% by weight.