Abstract: A method for imparting wettability to an aluminum heat exchanger comprises immersing the heat exchanger in an aqueous medium containing a silanol compound and polyvinyl pyrrolidone. If desired, the exchanger may be conversion coated or anodized prior to the immersion.

Abstract: An improved antistatic coating for a polyester support bearing a photographic layer is applied in two coatings using conventional coating equipment. The first coating contains an electrically conductive polymer and optionally a binding agent; the second coating contains a crosslinking agent.

Abstract: In coating a smooth glass faceplate panel with phosphor to produce a phosphor screen for use with flat color picture tubes, a basic mask is placed onto the glass faceplate panel. Thereafter; one at a time, one coating mask for each respective color is placed over the basic mask and the phosphor belonging to the respective coating mask is deposited. The phosphor is dispersed in a reactive binder and meets with an activator sprayed on or otherwise applied to the glass faceplate panel.

Abstract: Normally, cyanoacrylates cannot be applied by brushing since they cure rapidly in contact with brush bristles. By pre-wetting the bristles with a solvent, this curing action is impeded. Thus, brushes so treated can be stored in a cyanoacrylate monomer formulation and the formulation can be brushed.This discovery permits cyanoacrylates to be conveniently packaged in a bottle with cap and brush ready for use, for example, as fingernail strengthening and extension systems. Thus, sophisticated fingernail enhancement systems can be distributed and used about as conveniently as fingernail polish systems.

Abstract: An aliphatic isocyanate (such as the biuret of 1,6-diisocyanatohexane) is combined with a tertiary amine polyahl (such as a tertiary amine polyol) and coated onto a substrate. The coated substrate is then exposed to the vapor of a urethane catalyst for curing to a tack-free state. This process permits the preparation of coatings which will cure rapidly and which are light stable. These coatings have utility in the field of automotive topcoats.

Abstract: An improved bipolar membrane, a precursor for said membrane and a process for preparing bipolar membranes and precursors are described. In the process a precursor is formed by laminating at least two polymeric layers at least one of which is non-ionic. After the formation of the precursor, the non-ionic layer or layers are chemically treated to form a stable bipolar membrane having high permselectivity and low potential drop. The novel bipolar membrane contains an interfacial layer having anionic and cationic domains.

Abstract: Disclosed is a coating composition which is rapidly curable at room temperature in the presence of a vaporous tertiary amine catalyst. The coating composition comprises a poly(nitro alcohol) compound and a multi-isocyanate curing agent.

Abstract: Synthetic, organic, polymeric membranes were prepared from polyethylenimine for use with pervaporation apparatus in the separation of ethanol-water mixtures. The polymeric material was prepared in dilute aqueous solution and coated onto a polysulfone support film, from which excess polymeric material was subsequently removed. Cross-links were then generated by limited exposure to toluene-2,4-diisocyanate solution, after which the prepared membrane was heat-cured. The resulting membrane structures showed high selectivity in permeating ethanol or water over a wide range of feed concentrations.

Abstract: An antithrombogenic polyurethane polymer being bound to a support substrate wherein the antithrombogenic agent is reacted through an aldehyde group with an amine functionality of a polyurethane-urea to form the covalently bonded antithrombogenic material.

Abstract: An uncured polyurethane coating formed by applying polyurethane paint containing isocyanate prepolymer on a substrate is cured by a method which comprises applying a catalyst (cure accelerator) on the uncured polyurethane coating and subsequently exposing the polyurethane coating to a heating atmosphere of 60.degree. to 100.degree. C. By this method, the reaction of urethanation explosively proceeds and the time for curing the coating can be notably cut because the optimum catalyst for the polyurethane coating can be selected without restriction and the catalyst in a highly concentrated state can be brought into contact with the polyurethane coating.

Abstract: Processes for the production of filter elements based on aromatic polyamide in which a semi-finished filter element is produced from a solution of the polyamide in aprotic solvent and the polyamide is then coagulated by immersion in a liquid bath containing precipitating agent may be used for the production of filter elements with a pore size of from 0.05 .mu.m to 10 .mu.

Abstract: An excellent reverse osmosis membrane having a high flux with superior chlorine resistance and low salt passage can be obtained by interfacially condensing a water soluble aromatic polyamide prepolymer with an essentially monomeric, aromatic, amine reactive polyfunctional acyl halide. The polyamide prepolymer may be prepared through the condensation reaction of an aromatic diamine and an aromatic anhydride acyl halide. Preferably the amide prepolymer, prepared from metaphenylene diamine and trimelletic anhydride acid chloride, is reacted with trimesoylchloride to form the thin film membrane of the subject invention.

Abstract: Polyurethane resin curable at low temperature and in a short time is prepared by contacting a compound having 1-oxa-3,5-diazine-2,4,6-trione ring as well as isocyanate groups, e.g. a reaction product of an aliphatic, alicyclic or aralkyl polyisocyanate, e.g. hexamethylene diisocyanate and carbon dioxide and a compound having active hydrogen, e.g. polyester polyol, with tert-amine, e.g. trimethylamine present in gaseous phase, at a temperature of 0.degree.-100.degree. C. The ratio of the sum of the numbers of the trione ring and the isocyanate group to the number of the active hydrogen in the compound having the same is 0.1 to 10.

Abstract: This invention relates to improvements in and relating to curing of surface coatings and has been devised particularly though not solely for the curing of surface coatings such as paints or inks.

Abstract: The invention discloses a novel process for producing covalently bonded laminated structures composed of polyurethane elastomer and vulcanized rubber layers. As the joining means for covalently bonding the polyurethane elastomer and vulcanizable rubber laminates the process utilizes novel grafted polyurethane joining compositions comprised of polyurethane elastomer, a polyisocyanate, and a hydroxyl containing polybutadiene difunctional linker molecule. In practicing the process of the invention, the grafted polyurethane joining composition is first prepared by means that create covalent chemical bonds between the polyurethane elastomer and a first functional (NCO) group on the polyisocyanate, as well as between a hydroxyl on the polybutadiene difunctional linker molecule and a second functional (NCO) group on the polyisocyanate. This novel grafted polyurethane composition is then used to bond layers of polyurethane elastomer to layers of vulcanizable rubber.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing finger type electrode structures which form electric contacts at solar cells consisting of amorphous silicon. The substrate is first coated with a chromium-nickel layer and then a substantially pure nickel layer. After immersion in a mildly activated fluxing agent, a tin alloy layer is applied by dipping. The method enables the manufacture of very low resistance contact fingers at a p-i-n type solar cell provided with an ITO (In/Sn/oxide) layer.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing a composite reverse osmosis membrane. The process involves forming a porous polysulfone membrane from a solution of polysulfone followed by quenching the polysulfone membrane in an aqueous solution of m-phenylenediamine followed by reacting the m-phenylenediamine on the polysulfone membrane with either trimesoyl chloride or cyclohexane-1,3,5-tricarbonyl chloride in a water immiscible solution thereof.

Abstract: A hydrated metal oxide and/or hydroxide is applied by rubbing on to the surface of a substrate adapted to retain an oxide coating thereon and an organic compound is applied to the oxide coated substrate which is adapted to combine with the oxide coating thereon to provide a combined coating of oxide and organic compound which is water and oil repellent and abrasion resistant.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing a composite reverse osmosis membrane. The process involves forming a porous polysulfone membrane from a solution of polysulfone followed by quenching the polysulfone membrane in an aqueous solution of m-phenylenediamine followed by reacting the m-phenylenediamine on the polysulfone membrane with either trimesoyl chloride or cyclohexane-1,3,5-tricarbonyl chloride in a water immiscible solution thereof.

Abstract: An improved sealing or adhesive composition comprising a stable slurry of solid meltable wax-like particles dispersed in a liquid adhesive or sealant composition, such as an anaerobic adhesive of sealant, which may be caused to cure at a time later than the time of application. The composition may be applied to threaded bolts or other articles by pumping the slurry through a heated applicator head to dispense homogeneous liquid on the article which hardens on cooling to a non-mobile setable coating.

Abstract: A method of preparing a thermoplastic, water-soluble, phenolic aldehyde resin and the composition are provided to enhance the flexibility and resistance to compression fatigue breakage of glass fibers to which the resin has been applied. The method involves two steps. In the first step, the phenolic compound and the aldehyde are reacted to less than 100 percent completion in an amount so that the aldehyde to phenolic compound ratio is in the range of about 0.6 to about 1.5 and at an acidic pH and for a period of time equivalent to about 3 hours to about 10 hours when the temperature is in the range of about 55.degree. F. (13.degree. C.) to about 90.degree. F. (32.degree. C.) to produce a resinous mixture. In the second stage the pH of the reaction is adjusted within the range above about 7.0 to about 7.

Abstract: A method for improving the adhesion of an amine-containing organopolysiloxane composition to a substrate which comprises coating the substrate with an amine-containing organopolysiloxane composition and thereafter heating the coated substrate to an elevated temperature prior to or during exposure to moisture and carbon dioxide in excess of that present in the atmosphere.

Abstract: An apparatus for coating a substrate with an alumina hydrate film includes a coating vessel having at least one support therein; the substrate to be coated is mounted on the support; and at least one porous or perforated container for holding aluminum metal to react with a caustic solution to form an aluminate coating solution is also mounted on the support. The apparatus can also contain means for mechanical agitation, such as a rotational stirring device. In the coating of the substrate a caustic solution is contacted with a substrate and with at least one porous container having aluminum metal therein. The aluminum metal reacts with the caustic solution to form an aluminate coating solution and then an alumina hydrate film is deposited on the substrate. The caustic solution is preferably subjected to mechanical agitation during the coating process.

Abstract: A method of curing a wet catalyst-curable resin on a substrate in which the substrate is passed through a treating zone provided by a sealed vapor-curing chamber connected to sealed entrance and exit ante chambers at respective ends. The ante chambers are each separated from the vapor-curing chamber by a wall provided with a passage having height-adjustable means to limit passage of gas. The substrate is passed in turn through the entrance chamber where the boundary layer of air is substantially replaced by inert gas, through the entrance chamber into the vapor-curing chamber where it is exposed to the catalyst vapor, and then through the exit chamber where the curing vapor is removed. When a web provides the substrate, a jet of curing vapor is impinged on the web surface as it enters the vapor-curing chamber at an angle and at a velocity effective substantially to remove the barrier layer of gas and permeate the coating.

Abstract: A pre-cure resistant liquid phenol-formaldehyde resin binder composition having low viscosity and low surface tension for efficient spray application as fine droplets in waferboard manufacture comprising a highly condensed and cross-linkable phenol-formaldehyde resin of relatively high average molecular weight and a non-resinous methylolated phenol condensate having an average molecular weight of 200-300.

Abstract: Heat-sealable films are described which are constituted by a polyolefin film, particularly polypropylene, having on one surface thereof a layer of primer, applied in aqueous or aqueous-alcoholic solution, and chosen from: polyethylenimines, products of the condensation of urea or melamine with formaldehyde, particularly the etherified compounds; alkoxyalkyl melamine polyhydroxylates; or mixtures of the said compounds; and, on the other surface thereof, a layer of the said primer or one similar to the first, followed by a layer of vinyl, vinylidene or acrylic polymer or copolymer.

Abstract: In a process wherein a resinous coating is formed on a metallic surface by immersing the surface in an acidic aqueous coating composition containing dispersed particles of resin, wherein said composition forms on said surface a resinous coating which increases in thickness the longer the surface is immersed in the composition and wherein the resinous coating is contacted with an aqueous solution containing Cr in order to improve properties (e.g. corrosion resistance), the surface slip of the applied coating is increased by having dispersed in the Cr-containing solution a polymer which has a lower coefficient of friction than the applied resinous coating.

Abstract: Disclosed is a coating composition which is rapidly curable at room temperature in the presence of a vaporous tertiary amine catalyst. The coating composition comprises an aromatic hydroxyl functional polyol comprising 2,3',4-trihydroxydiphenyl and a multi-isocyanate curing agent.

Abstract: Novel, improved adhesive compositions curable at ambient temperature to form adhesive bonds between opaque, impervious, substrates without external application of heat, light or other radiation. The adhesive compositions of this invention comprise one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers, a source of free radicals, and an activator comprising an azine dye material or the reaction product of an azine dye material with a reducing agent.

Abstract: A method of forming a dry, cured coating on a substrate is disclosed in which an aqueous latex of emulsion copolymer particles containing a plurality of trialkoxysilyl groups is applied to a substrate to form a wet coating, the wet coating is exposed to a volatile amine to catalyze the curing reaction, and the amine-exposed wet coating is allowed to dry by vaporization of the volatile components present.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for insolubilizing casein coatings for leather utilizing alkoxy alkyl ureas. The coatings are cured in the presence of an acid catalyst. The casein coatings of the invention avoid the disadvantageous use of aldehydes such as formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde to cure the casein and reduce its water sensitivity and unexpectedly show improved wet abrasion resistance.

Abstract: Disclosed is a coating composition rapidly curable at room temperature in the presence of a vaporous tertiary amine catalyst which coating composition is ideally suited for coating reaction injection molded (RIM) urethane parts, upholstery vinyl, and sheet molding compound (SMC). The flexible coating composition of the present invention preferably comprises an aromatic hydroxyl-functional condensation product, a multi-isocyanate curing agent, and a volatile organic solvent therefor. The aromatic hydroxyl functional condensation product is made from (a) a linear aliphatic dibasic acid, (b) a linear aliphatic glycol, (c) a combination of a linear aliphatic glycol and aromatic dicarboxylic acid, and (d) a phenol capping agent. The sum of the methylene groups of the linear aliphatic dibasic acid (a) and linear aliphatic glycol (b) range from between about 10 and 13.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved method for coating a surface-porous substrate, e.g. an SMC substrate, with a film of curable coating composition and curing said film. The improvement comprises applying a film of the coating composition to the substrate wherein the coating composition comprises a phenol-functional compound and a multi-isocyanate curing agent therefor, and exposing the coated substrate to a vaporous tertiary amine catalyst to cure the applied film.

Abstract: Disclosed is a coating composition rapidly curable at room temperature in the presence of a vaporous tertiary amine catalyst which comprises catechol or a catechol derivative, a multi-isocyanate curing agent, and preferably a fugitive organic solvent.

Abstract: Disclosed is a coating composition rapidly curable at room temperature in presence of a vaporous tertiary amine catalyst and possessing a flexibility sufficient for a zero-T bend on metal and a mar resistance of at least about 2,000 grams as borne by the edge of a nickel passed on said film. The coating composition is a phenolic-terminated-polyester and multi-isocyanate curing agent (at least about 10% aromatic isocyanate content) dispersed in a fugitive organic solvent, and a mar-resisting aid of an organic compound physically incompatible in said coating composition and having an effective chain length of at least about 12 carbon atoms. Application of the coating composition preferably is on a flexible substrate such as a thermoplastic substrate.

Abstract: The corrosive alkaline surface layer of an epoxy resin product formed by the curing of the epoxy with an aliphatic amine is eliminated by first applying a non-solvent to remove most or all of the free unreacted amine and then applying a layer of a chemical reagent to neutralize the unused amine or amine functional groups by forming a substituted urea. The surface then may be rinsed with acetone and then with alcohol. The non-solvent may be an alcohol. The neutralizing chemical reagent is a mono-isocyanate or a mono-isothiocyanate. Preferred is an aromatic mono-isocyanate such as phenyl isocyanate, nitrophenyl isocyanate and naplthyl isocyanate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a coating composition rapidly curable at room temperature in presence of a vaporous tertiary amine catalyst and possessing a flexibility sufficient for a zero-T bend on metal and a mar resistance of at least about 2,000 grams as borne by the edge of a nickel passed on said film. The coating composition is a phenolic-terminated-polyester and multi-isocyanate curing agent (at least about 10% aromatic isocyanate content) dispersed in a fugitive organic solvent, and a mar-resisting aid of an organic compound physically incompatible in said coating composition and having an effective chain length of at least about 12 carbon atoms. Application of the coating composition preferably is on a flexible substrate such as a thermoplastic substrate.

Abstract: A method of applying water-base paint in which a solvent which increases the viscosity of water-base paint is sprayed on the article to be painted before or after the application of the water-base paint, or at the same time as its application, or a paint compounded with a solvent which increases the viscosity of the water-base paint is sprayed on the article before or after the application of the water-base paint or at the same time that it is applied.

Abstract: Photographic elements are provided with a magnetic stripe that is useful for sound recording by applying a magnetic striping composition, containing finely-divided magnetic particles and an acrylated epoxy resin, over the anti-halation layer of the element. The striping composition penetrates the anti-halation layer to contact the support and is cured to an alkali-insoluble cross-linked stripe which is composite with the anti-halation layer and strongly bonded to the support so as to resist removal by alkaline photographic processing solutions.

Abstract: Process for rendering silicone rubber contact lenses hydrophilic by first reacting the silicone rubber with an oligomeric siloxane containing SiH groups in the presence of a catalyst and then subjecting the resulting equilibrated silicone rubber to a reaction with an aqueous base; or a silane addition reaction with a reactant containing C.dbd.C double bonds.

Abstract: An FRP molding can be in-mold coated using a one-component peroxide initiated composition of (a) a liquid crosslinkable composition having an average molecular weight of up to about 5,000, having a plurality of polymerizable ethylenic double bonds, being essentially free of active hydrogen atoms or being essentially free of isocyanate groups and (b) a material selected from the group consisting of (I) a polyisocyanate and (II) the reaction product of an excess of equivalents of a polyisocyanate and an ethylenically unsaturated compound having --NH.sub.2, --NH-- and/or OH groups, said reaction product being free of active hydrogen atoms.

Abstract: A water hardenable mixture comprising a blocked polyamine and cyclic anhydride compounds.

Abstract: Good salt rejection and flux characteristics can be obtained with reverse osmosis membranes made from crosslinked, interfacially polymerized aromatic polyamides, particularly poly(arylenepolyamine aromaticpolycarboxylamides) such as poly(phenylenediamine trimesamide). The aromatic polyamides are preferably synthesized directly from an essentially monomeric polyacyl halide (at least tri- or higher in acyl functionality) and an essentially monomeric arylene polyamine with a measurable water solubility. As compared to closely analogous linear polymers, these interfacially polymerized, crosslinked polyamides have a lower % elongation and lower solubility (e.g. in amide solvents). Chlorine resistance characteristics of these polyamides are also good and can be improved by treatment with a chlorinating agent. In the preferred practice of the method for making a reverse osmosis membrane, a porous support layer is coated with the polyamine component (e.g.

Abstract: A process for preparing a composite amphoteric ion exchange membrane, which comprises forming a thin membrane not exceeding 5 microns thick by applying to a surface of a microporous polymer substrate having a physical, selective permeability of its own, a coating consisting of a polymer having either a cation or anion exchange group and a functional group capable of receiving another ion exchange group having an opposite sign from the cation or anion exchange group or a mixture of two polymers one of which has either a cation or an anion exchange group and the other of which has a functional group capable of receiving an ion exchange group having an opposite sign from the cation or anion exchange group, and introducing the ion exchange group having an opposite sign to said functional group to provide a ratio of anion to cation exchange capacity in the range of from 0.5 to 2.0.

Abstract: A process for hardening microcapsules having walls of synthetic polymers containing groups reactive toward aldehyde groups, wherein hardening is effected by means of a methylolmelamine or an ether thereof at a slightly acidic to slightly alkaline pH.Very impermeable microcapsules are obtained, which are suitable for the manufacture of colorless no-carbon papers.

Abstract: A polymer suitable for use in affinity chromatography comprising a polymer f an aminimide and a vinyl compound having at least one pendant halo-methyl group and the said polymer wherein an amine ligand which affords sites for binding in affinity chromatography is coupled to the polymer by reaction with a portion of the pendant halo-methyl groups and the remainder of said pendant halo-methyl groups are reacted with an amine containing a pendant hydrophilic group. The invention also comprises a method of coating a substrate with the above polymer and a method of fractionating mixtures by affinity chromatography employing the above polymer as an adsorbent.

Abstract: A process of forming an embossed surface covering is disclosed. The process comprises forming a crosslinkable foam on a backing, depositing an activator composition to initiate cross-linking on at least a portion of the crosslinkable foam, and heating the resulting crosslinkable foam-containing sheet to a temperature sufficient to crosslink the portions of the foam affected by the deposition of activator composition and melt the portions of the foam not affected by the deposition of activator composition.

Abstract: Dyeable and dyed polymer-coatings on metal articles such as sliders, buttons, buckles, clasps, nuts, bolts, hooks, etc. include a substantial quantity of active proton acceptor groups relative to the number of polymer molecules in order to provide adequate dye pick-up.

Abstract: A process of forming an embossed surface covering is disclosed. The process comprises forming a cross-linkable foam comprising at least one polymer and having a first phase region and a second phase region; heat the foam to a temperature at least equal to the flow temperature of the first phase region; compressing the heated foam and cooling the foam while compressed; cross-linking a portion of the compressed foam; and reheating the compressed foam to permit the noncross-linked portion of the foam to return or "pop back" to substantially its precompressed shape and thus form an embossed surface covering.

Abstract: An article, such as a mica wrapped coil, a dynamo-electric machine component containing mica wrapped coils, or a metal substrate, is insulated by: (A) applying wet epoxy resin to the article, (B) contacting the wet epoxy resin with a titanate solution, for a time effective to form a resin impervious, gelled epoxy skin on the surface of the epoxy resin, where the titanate solution consists essentially of organo-titanate and an organic, non-polar solvent, where the weight ratio of organo-titanate:organic non-polar solvent is from 1:2.5 to 1:99, and (C) curing the epoxy resin.