Cooling Patents (Class 427/398.1)
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Patent number: 7037554Abstract: An optical fiber moisture sensor that can be used to sense moisture present in gas phase in a wide range of concentrations is provided, as well techniques for making the same. The present invention includes a method that utilizes the light scattering phenomenon which occurs in a porous sol-gel silica by coating an optical fiber core with such silica. Thus, a porous sol-gel silica polymer coated on an optical fiber core forms the transducer of an optical fiber moisture sensor according to an embodiment. The resulting optical fiber sensor of the present invention can be used in various applications, including to sense moisture content in indoor/outdoor air, soil, concrete, and low/high temperature gas streams.Type: GrantFiled: June 30, 2003Date of Patent: May 2, 2006Assignee: Mississippi State UniversityInventors: Shiquan Tao, Jagdish P. Singh, Christopher B. Winstead
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Patent number: 7033645Abstract: The present invention relates to an absorbent article having a stable skin care composition disposed on its skin-contacting surface. The skin care composition is readily transferable to the skin via normal contact, wearer motion, and/or body heat. Importantly, the skin care composition contains at least one skin care ingredient imparting visible skin benefits to the skin upon transfer to the skin and at least one rheological agent for stabilizing the composition such that agglomeration, stratification and/or settling of the composition are minimized. The present invention also relates to a process for making the absorbent articles having a stable skin care composition disposed thereon.Type: GrantFiled: May 13, 2004Date of Patent: April 25, 2006Assignee: The Procter & Gamble CompanyInventors: Joseph Anthony Gatto, Thomas Robert Hanser, James Anthony Staudigel, Thomas James Klofta, Ronald Dean Cramer, Donald Carroll Roe
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Patent number: 7005161Abstract: A monomer is selected to produce a polymeric film having desirable characteristics for a particular application. The monomer is ppolymerized under controlled conditions to produce a solid oligomer having those characteristics at a molecular weight suitable for evaporation under vacuum at a temperature lower than its thermal decomposition temperature. The process of polymerization to produce the oligomer is carried out under conditions that yield a finite molecular-chain length with no residual reactive groups. The solid oligomer so produced is extruded as a film onto a revolving drum (38) in the evaporation section (40) of a vapor deposition chamber, and then cryocondensed on a cold substrate (44) to form a solid film having the same characteristic selected in the solid oligomer constituting the starting material. As a result of the initial complete reaction to produce the oligomer, the thin-film product does not contain unreacted groups and all attendant disadvantages are avoided.Type: GrantFiled: June 22, 2001Date of Patent: February 28, 2006Assignee: Sigma Laboratories of Arizona, Inc.Inventors: Michael G. Mikhael, Angelo Yializis
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Patent number: 6998005Abstract: Method for forming a dye sublimation image in a substrate, particularly a plastic substrate, and apparatus to perform the method. According to the method taught by the present invention, a substrate is disposed on a perforated platen and a dye carrier having an image formed thereon of a dye sublimation ink is disposed on the substrate such that the image is in contact with the substrate. The substrate, dye carrier and at least a portion of the perforated platen are then covered with a flexible membrane. A clamping pressure is then applied to the substrate and the dye carrier through the membrane. Once the clamping pressure is attained, the substrate and dye carrier are first heated, then cooled. The invention disclosed herein further teaches a number of novel apparatus to effect the method, resulting in significantly superior dye sublimation imaging than heretofore attainable in rigid plastic sheets.Type: GrantFiled: March 29, 2001Date of Patent: February 14, 2006Assignee: Fresco Plastics LLCInventors: Ted N. Magee, Jonathan C. Drake, Rick Essert, Robert W. Shaw
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Patent number: 6926919Abstract: Methods for fabricating coatings for implantable medical devices are disclosed. The coatings include blends of hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers. The methods provide for treatment of the coatings to cause enrichment a region close to the outer surface of the coating with the hydrophilic polymers.Type: GrantFiled: February 26, 2003Date of Patent: August 9, 2005Assignee: Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc.Inventors: Syed F. A. Hossainy, Yiwen Tang, Andrew C. Tung, Stephen D. Pacetti
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Patent number: 6916583Abstract: A method for printing an image on a surface of a substrate having a surface finish defined by a gloss, the method comprising: printing an image on the surface of the substrate, such that image areas thereof have a thickness, when fixed to the substrate and dry, of less than about 6 micrometers of a thermoplastic material; and smoothing the surface of at least a portion of the thermoplastic material.Type: GrantFiled: February 6, 2000Date of Patent: July 12, 2005Assignee: Hewlett-Packard Indigo N.V.Inventors: Benzion Landa, Ishaiau Lior, Itzhak Ashkenazi, Avner Schneider
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Patent number: 6858259Abstract: A method for making a polymer layer with a selected index of refraction. The method includes flash evaporating a polymer precursor material capable of cross linking into a polymer with the selected index of refraction, forming an evaporate, passing the evaporate to a glow discharge electrode creating a glow discharge polymer precursor plasma from the evaporate, and cryocondensing the glow discharge polymer precursor plasma on a substrate as a condensate and crosslinking the condensate thereon, the crosslinking resulting from radicals created in the glow discharge polymer precursor plasma, forming a polymer having the selected index of refraction.Type: GrantFiled: March 19, 2001Date of Patent: February 22, 2005Assignee: Battelle Memorial InstituteInventors: John D. Affinito, Gordon L. Graff, Peter M. Martin, Mark E. Gross, Paul E. Burrows, Linda S. Sapochak
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Patent number: 6852365Abstract: A silicon penetration device with increased fracture toughness and method of fabrication thereof are provided. The method comprises strengthening silicon penetration devices by thermally growing a silicon oxide layer on the penetration device and then subsequently stripping the silicon oxide. The method also includes strengthening silicon penetration devices through the sputtering of thin film coatings on the silicon penetration devices.Type: GrantFiled: June 12, 2003Date of Patent: February 8, 2005Assignee: Kumetrix, Inc.Inventors: Wilson Smart, Kumar Subramanian, Eugene Orloff
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Patent number: 6827973Abstract: After a first processing solution is spread over the front surface of a substrate and the temperature of the front surface of the substrate is regulated at a predetermined substrate temperature, a second processing solution is spread over the front surface of the substrate. The second processing solution can be spread while the front surface temperature of the substrate is maintained at the predetermined substrate temperature. Hence, a layer insulating film with good adhesion properties can be formed uniformly on the front surface of the substrate, and the quantity of the processing solution to be used can be reduced.Type: GrantFiled: December 26, 2001Date of Patent: December 7, 2004Assignee: Tokyo Electron LimitedInventor: Shinji Nagashima
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Publication number: 20040241323Abstract: Methods of applying adhesive to a surface of a substrate comprise: digitally applying a fixable fluid material to a portion of the substrate surface, fixing the first fluid material to form a fixed coating in contact with the substrate surface, wherein the fixed coating has at least one boundary that encloses a region of the substrate surface within the at least one boundary, and applying a second fluid material comprising at least one of an adhesive and an adhesive precursor to at least a portion of the enclosed region of the substrate surface. Various products, including laminated products, may be prepared according to such methods.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 29, 2003Publication date: December 2, 2004Applicant: 3M Innovative Properties CompanyInventors: Caroline M. Ylitalo, Peter T. Elliott, John C. Clark, Naiyong Jing, Gary A. Korba
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Patent number: 6818248Abstract: A flame retardant adhesive tissue paper for fabricating moldable structures, particularly suitable for forming laminates for the interior of automobiles is provided. The flame retardant adhesive tissue is prepared by screen printing an aqueous paste dispersion including a flame retardant and thermoplastic adhesive dispersed therein in discontinuous pattern onto one surface of the paper. After removal of water, the drying temperatures is increased to activate the thermoplastic adhesive to adhere to the surface of the tissue with the flame retardants solids dispersed within the interior of the tissue paper. The adhesive coated tissue paper has good acoustic properties and imparts flame retardancy to a laminate including it.Type: GrantFiled: August 20, 2001Date of Patent: November 16, 2004Assignee: Harodite Industries, Inc.Inventor: Frank C. Grace
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Patent number: 6815012Abstract: The process according to the invention discloses production of a high-quality insulation for conductors or conductor bundles. In this process, internal corona-discharge protection, insulation and external corona-discharge protection are all applied to the conductor or conductor bundle in successive steps by means of thermal spraying. The application thickness per spraying run is up to 0.2 mm, thus ensuring that the layer is free of defects and therefore avoiding partial discharges. Moreover, the ability to withstand thermal loads is considerably improved by the use of high-temperature plastics with fillers comprising inorganic materials as coating powder.Type: GrantFiled: October 17, 2002Date of Patent: November 9, 2004Assignee: ALSTOM Technology LTDInventors: Thomas Baumann, Reinhard Fried
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Patent number: 6814831Abstract: A method for forming a dye sublimation image in a substrate with a dye carrier having an image formed thereon of a sublimatic dyestuff is provided. The image of the dye carrier is placed against a first surface of the substrate. The substrate and dye carrier are conveyed along a path with a first part and a second part. A continuous pressure is provided against the first surface of the substrate in the first part and second part of the path and therebetween. The dye carrier is heated to a sublimation temperature in the first part of the path. The dye carrier is then cooled to a depressure temperature in the second part of the path.Type: GrantFiled: February 26, 2002Date of Patent: November 9, 2004Assignee: Fresco Plastics LLCInventor: Jonathan C. Drake
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Patent number: 6811829Abstract: A method for conformally coating a microtextured surface. The method includes flash evaporating a polymer precursor forming an evaporate, passing the evaporate to a glow discharge electrode creating a glow discharge polymer precursor plasma from the evaporate, cryocondensing the glow discharge polymer precursor plasma on the microtextured surface and crosslinking the glow discharge polymer precursor plasma thereon, wherein the crosslinking resulting from radicals created in the glow discharge polymer precursor plasma.Type: GrantFiled: March 19, 2001Date of Patent: November 2, 2004Assignee: Battelle Memorial InstituteInventors: John D. Affinito, Gordon L. Graff, Peter M. Martin, Mark E. Gross, Paul E. Burrows, Linda S. Sapochak
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Patent number: 6790307Abstract: A method of making shingles includes providing a moving asphalt coated sheet having at least an overlay lane and an underlay lane. Blend drops of at least two color blends are discharged onto each lane, wherein at least one of the blend drops discharged onto the overlay lane has a different color blend from the color blends of all the blend drops discharged onto the underlay lane. Background granules are then discharged onto the asphalt coated sheet to form a granule coated sheet, and the excess granules are removed from the granule coated sheet.Type: GrantFiled: January 22, 2002Date of Patent: September 14, 2004Assignee: Owens Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc.Inventor: Bert W. Elliott
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Publication number: 20040062858Abstract: A production method capable of stably producing a prepreg and a copper foil with thin insulating layer using a thin backbone material capable of securing excellent laser hole-making property.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 24, 2003Publication date: April 1, 2004Inventors: Tetsuro Sato, Noriyuki Nagashima
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Patent number: 6706318Abstract: A perpendicular magnetic recording media and method of manufacturing therefore includes a nonmagnetic substrate, an underlayer deposited on the nonmagnetic substrate, and a magnetic recording layer formed on the underlayer, quickly heated, and quenched. A protective layer is deposited on the magnetic recording layer, and a liquid lubricant layer is deposited on the protective layer, to improve an uniaxial anisotropy Ku and a coercive force Hc of the magnetic recording layer.Type: GrantFiled: July 5, 2002Date of Patent: March 16, 2004Assignee: Fuji Electric Co., Ltd.Inventors: Shunji Takenoiri, Yasushi Sakai
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Publication number: 20040048002Abstract: A method for applying a coating to an object comprises the steps of preparing a coating solution comprising a solvent and a solute composition of the desired coating, cooling an object to a temperature that is below the freezing temperature of the coating solution, immersing the object into the coating solution, leaving the object immersed in the coating solution long enough for a frozen layer of solution to form on the object, removing the object from the coating solution, removing any excess liquid from the frozen surface, and allowing the object to cure by placing it in an environment in which the solvent is released from said frozen layer.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 11, 2002Publication date: March 11, 2004Inventor: J. Michael Shifflette
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Patent number: 6692819Abstract: A method of transparentizing a cellulosic substrate which is suitable for use as a mailer or envelope having at least one transparentized portion is provided. The method includes the application of a transparentizing composition to a substrate by a flexographic printing apparatus in which one or more of the transparentizing composition, the substrate, and the transfer rollers of the printing apparatus are preferably cooled prior to application in order to raise the viscosity of the composition and allow more of the composition to be transferred to the substrate surface. A primer composition may also be applied to the substrate prior to application of the transparentizing composition in order to aid in penetration of the transparentizing composition.Type: GrantFiled: January 6, 2000Date of Patent: February 17, 2004Assignee: The Standard Register CompanyInventors: William J. Castle, Rajendra Mehta
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Patent number: 6677058Abstract: Degradation of the surface luster of a hot-dip Zn—Al—Mg plated steel sheet is inhibited by controlling the contact temperature between the plating layer and a water stream in a water cooling step after plating layer solidification, thereby suitably controlling the strip temperature during contact with the water stream, and further by incorporating a small amount of a suitable readily oxidizing element in the plating bath to stabilize the oxidation state of the plating surface layer Al and Mg.Type: GrantFiled: July 31, 2002Date of Patent: January 13, 2004Assignee: Nisshin Steel Co., Ltd.Inventors: Atsushi Komatsu, Takao Tsujimura, Atsushi Andoh
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Patent number: 6652967Abstract: Dispersed powders are disclosed that comprise fine nanoscale powders dispersed on coarser carrier powders. The composition of the dispersed fine powders may be oxides, carbides, nitrides, borides, chalcogenides, metals, and alloys. Fine powders discussed are of sizes less than 100 microns, preferably less than 10 micron, more preferably less than 1 micron, and most preferably less than 100 nanometers. Methods for producing such powders in high volume, low-cost, and reproducible quality are also outlined. Such powders are useful in various applications such as catalysts, sensor, electronic, electrical, photonic, thermal, biomedical, piezo, magnetic, catalytic and electrochemical products.Type: GrantFiled: December 4, 2001Date of Patent: November 25, 2003Assignee: NanoProducts CorporationInventors: Tapesh Yadav, Karl Pfaffenbach
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Patent number: 6645564Abstract: A method for fabricating a plated product with a basecoat layer, a metal plating layer, and a topcoat layer that are formed on a surface of a base is provided. The method includes the step of forming the basecoat layer and the metal plating layer on the surface of the base. The step is followed by subjecting the metal plating layer to a cold heat treatment or an ultrasonic wave treatment, thus forming a microcrack in the metal plating layer. Afterwards, the topcoat layer is formed on the surface of the metal plating layer.Type: GrantFiled: March 6, 2002Date of Patent: November 11, 2003Assignee: Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd.Inventors: Yukitaka Hasegawa, Yousuke Maruoka, Yasuhiko Ogisu
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Publication number: 20030205324Abstract: A wafer holder comprises a circular, disc-shaped main portion and a rib extending generally downward from a lower surface of the main portion. The rib encircles the vertical center axis of the wafer holder. The upper surface of the main portion has a wafer-receiving pocket defined by an inner pocket surface surrounded by an outer shoulder. The rib is closed to completely surround a vertical center axis of the main portion. The rib helps to prevent the main portion from inducing symmetric concavity during the manufacture of the wafer holder. In other words, the rib helps to maintain the flatness of the upper surface of the outer shoulder while the main portion is made symmetrically concave.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 3, 2002Publication date: November 6, 2003Inventors: Tony J. Keeton, Matthew G. Goodman
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Patent number: 6638573Abstract: As a method of treating a frame of spectacles which enables fine color modulation with ease, good reproducibility, and at low cost, there is provided a method of treating the surface of a frame of spectacles characterized in that a surface treating composition comprising a metal complex is used to form a coating layer on part or the whole of the surface of the frame of spectacles.Type: GrantFiled: January 11, 2002Date of Patent: October 28, 2003Assignees: Osaka Municipal Government, Hoya CorporationInventors: Masami Nakamoto, Toshihisa Akaba
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Publication number: 20030198837Abstract: Non-polar (11{overscore (2)}0) a-plane gallium nitride (GaN) films with planar surfaces are grown on (1{overscore (1)}02) r-plane sapphire substrates by employing a low temperature nucleation layer as a buffer layer prior to a high temperature growth of the non-polar (11{overscore (2)}0) a-plane GaN thin films.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 15, 2003Publication date: October 23, 2003Inventors: Michael D. Craven, James Stephen Speck
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Patent number: 6635342Abstract: A solar control light transmitting thermoplastic polymer sheet is provided which contains flakes of metal pigment that are aligned coplanar with the upper face of the sheet. The sheet transmits a controlled amount of light while reflecting a significant amount and absorbing the rest. In an alternative, the sheet has a co-extruded second layer of UV-protective thermoplastic polymer formed on top of the first layer.Type: GrantFiled: February 7, 2001Date of Patent: October 21, 2003Assignee: Paltough Industries (1998) Ltd.Inventors: Guy Ben-Zvi, Fabian Rios
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Patent number: 6630206Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of impregnating paper with a suspension of a molecular sieve in waterglass, such as soda waterglass or potassium waterglass, wherein the impregnated paper can be used as a dehumidifying element, and wherein the method comprises the steps of a) providing a piece of paper, such as facing paper and/or fluted paper; b) immersing the paper into a highly concentrated waterglass solution in which a molecular sieve has been suspended, at a temperature in the range of 45-95° C., wherein said suspension of highly concentrated waterglass/molecular sieve has a viscosity of at least 350 mPa.s at a temperature of 45° C.; and c) cooling the immersed paper with air at a temperature of at most 35° C. and preferably at most 25° C.Type: GrantFiled: February 28, 2001Date of Patent: October 7, 2003Assignee: Proflute ABInventor: Per-Johan Aronson
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Patent number: 6630209Abstract: A method for manufacturing a coated optical fiber including the step of determining a desired temperature operating range of a coated optical fiber having at least one critical limit. The intercoating delamination stresses at the critical limit of said temperature range are determined. A zero-stress temperature region using the critical limit and the delamination stresses is then selected. An optical fiber is provided and the optical fiber is coated with a first polymer coating. The first polymer coating is exposed to a source of actinic radiation, wherein the source of actinic radiation generates heat. A second polymer coating including a photopolymerizable composition is applied to the optical fiber directly on the first polymer coating. The second polymer coating is cured, where at the time the second polymer coating is cured the first polymer coating is at the zero-stress temperature region.Type: GrantFiled: February 9, 2001Date of Patent: October 7, 2003Assignee: Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing CompanyInventors: Thomas Martin Lynch, Brian Kenneth Nelson, James Craig Novack, James Robert Onstott
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Publication number: 20030185994Abstract: A method for coating a chain comprised of a plurality of rings and connected to one another, including the steps of: preheating the chain at 200° C. for about 1˜2 minutes; dipping the preheated chain with coating liquid mixed with given liquids; heating the dipped chain at approximately 150˜350° C. for 1˜2 minutes; refrigerating the heated chain by the atmosphere temperature; and coating the chain.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 27, 2003Publication date: October 2, 2003Applicant: Hwa Sung Gye Jeon Co., Ltd.Inventor: Won-Cheol Kim
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Patent number: 6623797Abstract: In a preferred embodiment, the present invention is an apparatus and a method for coating both surfaces of a continuous processing aluminum strip by extruding thin polymeric film onto the aluminum strip. Generally, the aluminum strip is uncoiled, passed through a preheating unit, two extrusion heads, a post-heater, an air quench, a lubricator, and then it is recoiled.Type: GrantFiled: August 13, 2001Date of Patent: September 23, 2003Assignee: Alcoa Inc.Inventor: James T. Avalos
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Patent number: 6613395Abstract: A method of making a composite polymer of a molecularly doped polymer. The method includes mixing a liquid polymer precursor with molecular dopant forming a molecularly doped polymer precursor mixture. The molecularly doped polymer precursor mixture is flash evaporated forming a composite vapor. The composite vapor is cryocondensed on a cool substrate forming a composite molecularly doped polymer precursor layer, and the cryocondensed composite molecularly doped polymer precursor layer is cross linked thereby forming a layer of the composite polymer layer of the molecularly doped polymer.Type: GrantFiled: April 16, 2001Date of Patent: September 2, 2003Assignee: Battelle Memorial InstituteInventors: John D. Affinito, Peter M. Martin, Gordon L. Graff, Paul E. Burrows, Mark E. Gross, Linda S. Sapochak
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Patent number: 6610423Abstract: The object of the present invention relates to a plated steel material and a method of production the same, having enhanced corrosion resistance and workability required for outdoor and exposed uses such as structures, revetments, fishing nets, fences, etc.Type: GrantFiled: October 26, 2001Date of Patent: August 26, 2003Assignee: Nippon Steel CorporationInventors: Satoshi Sugimaru, Satoru Tanaka, Seiki Nishida, Akira Takahashi, Atsuhiko Yoshie, Kazumi Nishimura
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Patent number: 6610422Abstract: The method for manufacturing coated steel sheet has the steps of: immersing a steel sheet in a hot-dip coating bath to form an Al—Zn base coating layer containing 20 to 95 mass % Al on the steel sheet, forming a passivated layer on the coating layer; and applying thermal history to the coating layer. The thermal history is applied immediately after the steel sheet left the hot-dip coating bath or in a temperature range of from T(° C.) between 130° C. and 300° C. to 100° C.Type: GrantFiled: September 26, 2002Date of Patent: August 26, 2003Assignee: NKK CorporationInventors: Toshihiko Ooi, Takafumi Yamaji, Keiji Yoshida, Yuichiro Tanaka, Junichi Inagaki, Masaaki Yamashita, Yasuhiro Majima, Nobuyuki Ishida, Yuichi Fukushima, Norio Inoue, Shinji Hori
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Publication number: 20030152711Abstract: A niobium doped tin oxide coating is applied onto a glass substrate to produce a low emissivity (low E) glass. The coating can optionally be doped with both niobium and other dopant(s), such as fluorine. The low emissivity glass has properties comparable or superior to conventional low E glass with fluorine doped tin oxide coatings.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 10, 2003Publication date: August 14, 2003Inventors: Srikanth Varanasi, David A. Strickler, Kevin Sanderson
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Patent number: 6602348Abstract: The present invention provides a cooldown chamber allowing more efficient and rapid cooling of a substrate. The substrate is cooled in the cooldown chamber utilizing a pair of cooling members, preferably mating “clam shell” style members, positioned adjacent the top and bottom surfaces of the substrate. While the top surface of the substrate should not be contacted directly, the upper cooling member can approach the substrate surface, preferably to within about 0.01 to about 0.03 inches. The bottom cooling member should also approach the bottom substrate surface, preferably making contact or being within about 0.01 to about 0.03 inches. With the cooling members closed to define an enclosure around a hot substrate, an inert gas is supplied into the enclosure at pressures between about 5 and about 30 torr to allow efficient thermal conduction from the substrate to the cooling members.Type: GrantFiled: September 17, 1996Date of Patent: August 5, 2003Assignee: Applied Materials, Inc.Inventor: Terrance R. Rogelstad
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Patent number: 6582775Abstract: A process for making an optical compensator comprising the steps of coating a photo-alignable resin in a solvent onto a substrate; drying the resin-containing coating to form a orientable layer; heat treating the orientable layer before and/or after orientation, orienting the orientable layer in a predetermined direction; coating an anisotropic liquid crystal compound in a solvent carrier onto the orientation layer; drying the anisotropic layer. In a preferred embodiment, these steps are repeated so that the optical axis of a first anisotropic layer is positioned orthogonally relative to the respective optical axis of a second anisotropic layer about an axis perpendicular to the plane of the substrate.Type: GrantFiled: July 12, 2002Date of Patent: June 24, 2003Assignee: Eastman Kodak CompanyInventors: Jason A. Payne, Joseph W. Hoff
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Publication number: 20030100691Abstract: The present invention pertains to a processing method to produce a porous polymer film that consists of sp2C—X and HC-sp3C&agr;—X bonds (wherein, X═H or F), and exhibits at least a crystal melting temperature, (“Tm”). The porous polymer films produced by this invention are useful for fabricating future integrated circuits (“IC's”). The method described herein is useful for preparing the porous polymer films by polymerizing reactive intermediates, formed from a first-precursor, with a low feed rate and at temperatures equal to or below a melting temperature of intermediate (T1m). Second-precursors that do not become reactive intermediates or have an incomplete conversion to reactive intermediates are also transported to a deposition chamber and become an inclusion of the deposited film. By utilizing a subsequent in-situ, post treatment process the inclusions in the deposited film can be removed to leave micro-pores in the resultant film.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 4, 2002Publication date: May 29, 2003Applicant: DIELECTRIC SYSTEMS, INC.Inventors: Chung J. Lee, Atul Kumar
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Patent number: 6565927Abstract: A method using irradiation with optical light having a wavelength of 160 to 500 nanometers without higher wavelengths with cooling of the surface during the irradiation to modify the surface (12A, 104A, 202A, 304A, 402A, 502A) of a substrate (12, 104, 202, 304, 402, 502) is described. The light is filtered or the lamp (24, 106, 212, 306, 510) is restricted to the limited range to avoid the affects of the higher spectra. The light can be pulsed or continuous. The method is significantly enhanced by the presence of water (14, 124, 204, 306, 410, 508) on the surface, preferably also in the presence of ozone in the water. The treated surfaces are more paintable and bondable.Type: GrantFiled: April 7, 1999Date of Patent: May 20, 2003Assignee: Board of Trustees of Michigan State UniversityInventors: Lawrence T. Drzal, Narasimharao Dontula, Richard L. Schalek, Alekh S. Bhurke, Michael J. Rich, Laura M. Fisher, Ming Xie
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Patent number: 6562199Abstract: There is disclosed a manufacturing method of a magnetoresistive element of the present invention, comprising: a step of preparing a substrate having a thermal conductivity in a range of 5 to 150 Wm−1K−1; a substrate cooling step of moving the substrate into a vacuum cooling chamber, and cooling the substrate at an absolute temperature of 200 K or less in the vacuum cooling chamber; and a laminated film forming step of moving the cooled substrate into a vacuum film forming chamber, fixing the substrate to a substrate holder, and forming a magnetoresistive laminated film on the substrate while rotating the substrate, so that the manufacturing method of the magnetoresistive element is little in dispersion of element property, high in reliability, and superior in productivity.Type: GrantFiled: November 5, 2001Date of Patent: May 13, 2003Assignee: TDK CorporationInventors: Koji Shimazawa, Yoshihiro Tsuchiya
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Patent number: 6558877Abstract: A system and method is disclosed for coating a conventional wafer or a spherical shaped semiconductor substrate with liquid material such as photoresist by utilizing a “drop on demand” piezo driven dispense nozzle, a bubble-jet dispense nozzle, or a continuous piezo jet with charging electrodes. The proposed system and method will greatly reduce, and in some cases virtually eliminate, the waste of photoresist in the process.Type: GrantFiled: May 31, 2000Date of Patent: May 6, 2003Assignee: Ball Semiconductor, Inc.Inventors: Akihito Ishikawa, Tomoki Tanaka, Nobuo Takeda, Masataka Yoshida
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Patent number: 6555178Abstract: According to the present invention, Ni—B is electrolessly deposited on an object and then Ni—P is electrolessly deposited on the surface of the Ni—B layer formed on the object. In this process, if any dry area is present on the Ni—B layer where moisture has been evaporated after the Ni—B depositing step and before the Ni—P depositing step, it is difficult to form a uniform Ni—P layer on the Ni—B layer in such area. Accordingly, an additional step is provided for preventing the Ni—B layer formed on the object from drying after the Ni—B plating step and before the Ni—P plating step. In this way, a uniform Ni—P layer can be electrolessly deposited on the electrolessly deposited Ni—B layer.Type: GrantFiled: March 22, 2001Date of Patent: April 29, 2003Assignee: Toshiba TEC Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Takashi Harakawa, Hideaki Nonaka
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Patent number: 6548111Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling a temperature of a microelectronic substrate. In one embodiment, the apparatus can include a substrate support configured to engage and support the microelectronic substrate. The apparatus can further include a temperature controller having one or more thermal links coupled directly with the substrate when the substrate is supported by the substrate support. The thermal links can maintain thermal contact with the substrate when the substrate is either stationary or mobile relative to the temperature controller. The temperature controller can heat or cool different portions of the substrate at different rates with one or more of several heat transfer devices, including liquid jets, gas jets, resistive electrical elements and/or thermoelectric elements.Type: GrantFiled: November 21, 2000Date of Patent: April 15, 2003Assignee: Micron Technology, Inc.Inventor: Paul D. Shirley
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Patent number: 6531190Abstract: The invention relates to a method for adjusting the quality factors of the surface of a piece of wood, so that the effective period of hydrogen peroxide, from its application onto the wood surface to its evaporation therefrom is less than 5 minutes, advantageously less than 1 minute. In the method onto the surface of the piece of wood, with a temperature near room temperature or lower, there is fed hydrogen peroxide as spray, the pH of the initial solution of said spray being neutral or acidic. The hydrogen peroxide is allowed to affect the wood surface about 1-60 seconds, advantageously about 1-30 seconds. Thereafter the hydrogen peroxide is activated by irradiating the surface of the piece of wood by a radiation source, so that at the end of the irradiation period, the wood surface temperature is 40-80° C. The power of the radiation source is 20-500 kW, advantageously 50-200 kW per surface m2 of the piece of wood.Type: GrantFiled: February 8, 2002Date of Patent: March 11, 2003Assignee: Altonic OyInventor: Pertti Tapani Malvaranta
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Patent number: 6514370Abstract: An apparatus for producing a hybrid boron reinforced polymer matrix composite from precursor tape and a linear array of boron fibers. The boron fibers are applied onto the precursor tapes and the precursor tape processed within a processing component having an impregnation bar assembly. After passing through variable-dimension forming nip-rollers, the precursor tape with the boron fibers becomes a hybrid boron reinforced polymer matrix composite. A driving mechanism is used to pulled the precursor tape through the method and a take-up spool is used to collect the formed hybrid boron reinforced polymer matrix composite.Type: GrantFiled: June 8, 2000Date of Patent: February 4, 2003Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationInventors: Harry L Belvin, Roberto J. Cano
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Patent number: 6511708Abstract: A system, such as a gap drying system, moves a substrate having a substrate tension over a curved plate at a substrate speed such that the substrate floats over at least a region of substantially constant clearance (H0) between the substrate and the curved plate. H0 is controlled without adjusting the substrate speed and without adjusting the substrate tension.Type: GrantFiled: November 14, 2000Date of Patent: January 28, 2003Assignee: Imation Corp.Inventors: William Blake Kolb, Marcio da Silveira Carvalho, Gary Lee Huelsman
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Patent number: 6503849Abstract: A method for forming an insulating film, wherein a precursor film of a coating type insulating film having Si—H bonding is coated, the precursor film is calcined in an atmosphere containing at least one of an inert gas and oxygen gas for converting it into a ceramic film as the insulating film, and then the ceramic film is cooled under reduced pressure lower than that for the calcination.Type: GrantFiled: October 10, 2000Date of Patent: January 7, 2003Assignee: Sharp Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Yoshihiro Ooishi, Yushi Inoue
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Publication number: 20020197410Abstract: A substrate which has been subjected to heat processing in any of hot plate units is transferred to a normal cooling unit by a transfer device and subjected to cooling processing to some extent, and then transferred to a high accuracy cooling unit and subjected to cooling processing with high accuracy, and thereafter transferred to any of coating units or a developing units. Thereby, the substrate can be subjected to the cooling processing with high accuracy and thereafter to coating processing with no increase in apparatus cost and with no decrease in throughput.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 19, 2002Publication date: December 26, 2002Inventor: Masami Akimoto
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Patent number: 6497919Abstract: A foamed polyethylene product has an outer sheath of non-foamed polyethylene fused to an underlying foamed body portion. Preferably, the product is produced in an in-line method when the foam body is extruded and subsequently the skin is extruded directly on the body portion. This process only causes limited thermal degradation of an outer layer of the body portion which improves adhesion of the skin to the body portion.Type: GrantFiled: April 17, 1996Date of Patent: December 24, 2002Assignee: Industrial Thermo Polymers LimitedInventor: Steven Hartman
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Patent number: 6497924Abstract: A method for making a non-linear optical polymer layer. The method includes flash evaporating a liquid polymer precursor mixture containing a plurality of non-linear optical molecules forming an evaporate, cryocondensing the evaporate on a substrate forming a cyrocondensed polymer precursor layer, and crosslinking the cryocondensed polymer precursor layer. The surface may be electrically biased for poling during crosslinking.Type: GrantFiled: March 19, 2001Date of Patent: December 24, 2002Assignee: Battelle Memorial InstituteInventors: John D. Affinito, Gordon L. Graff, Peter M. Martin, Mark E. Gross, Paul E. Burrows, Linda S. Sapochak
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Patent number: 6495207Abstract: A method of manufacturing a composite wall with an open cell metal foam core layer bonded to an inner cladding layer and an outer cladding layer. The method involves: creating a core substrate of open cell gas permeable foam in a chosen shape; impregnating the open cell foam substrate with metal vapour and depositing a porous layer of metal on exposed internal and external surfaces of the substrate thereby forming the open cell metal foam core through metal vapour deposition; and forming the inner and outer cladding layers upon the metal foam core through spray application of metal or ceramic.Type: GrantFiled: December 21, 2001Date of Patent: December 17, 2002Assignee: Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp.Inventors: Lev Alexander Prociw, Michael Dowhan, Joseph Brand