Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide apparatus and methods for performing UV treatment and chemical treatment and/or deposition in the same chamber. One embodiment of the present invention provides a processing chamber including a UV transparent gas distribution showerhead disposed above a substrate support located in an inner volume of the processing chamber, a UV transparent window disposed above the UV transparent gas distribution showerhead, and a UV unit disposed outside the inner volume. The UV unit is configured to direct UV lights towards the substrate support through the UV transparent window and the UV transparent gas distribution showerhead.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for spatially resolving the enlargement and fine adjustment of precious metal nanoparticles according to size on a substrate surface and to the nanoparticle arrangements and nanostructured substrate surfaces thereby produced and to the use thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to the field of dye-sensitised solar cells (DSSC) and to a method for the low temperature platinisation of the counter-electrode which is applicable to a wide range of substrates.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical layered body which prevents the occurrence of curling (warpage), has excellent durability while maintaining pencil hardness, and can prevent the degradation of durability of an image display screen by external light by using the optical layered body as a protective film of the image display screen.

Abstract: The present invention provides: a pigment dispersion composition including (A) an organic pigment, (B) a pigment derivative represented by Formula (I) below and (C) a polymer compound having a pigment-adsorptive functional group; a curable color composition including the pigment dispersion composition, a polymerizable compound and a polymerization initiator; and a color filter having a color region formed using the curable color composition and a method for producing the same. Q represents an organic colorant residue; A represents an ethylene group or the like; and R represents a hydroxyl group or a group represented by —NH-A-Z; Z represents —SO3H, —COOH or a salt thereof; and n represents an integer of from 1 to 4. When R represents —NH-A-Z, the structures represented by the two —NH-A-Zs bonded to the triazine ring contained in each of the n partial structures bonded to Q may be the same as each other or different from each other.

Abstract: To provide: a color filter substrate with high display quality in which defective portions of a bank member (black matrix), such as a pin hole, a portion having an insufficient film thickness, a portion having an insufficient width, and a disconnection portion, or color mixing defects of a colored layer are corrected by the simple and inexpensive method; a liquid crystal display device including such a color filter; and production methods thereof. The color filter substrate of the present invention is a color filter substrate comprising a bank member and a colored layer on a substrate, wherein the color filter substrate has a structure in which a color mixing member formed of colored layer materials of two or more colors is formed in a defective portion of the bank member or along the bank member.

Abstract: Provided is a process for forming a durable anti-fouling coating on a substrate including: (a) modifying a surface of the substrate using a surface modification means; (b) applying a first coating composition to at least a portion of the modified substrate surface to form a first coating, the composition containing a first perfluoropolyether modified silane; (c) curing the first coating at a temperature and a relative humidity sufficient to promote hydrolysis of the perfluoropolyether modified silane component; (d) optionally, modifying the surface of the cured first coating using the same or different surface modification means as was used in (a); (e) applying a second coating composition to the cured first coating to form a second coating thereover, the composition containing a second perfluoropolyether modified silane; and (f) curing the second coating at a temperature and a relative humidity sufficient to promote hydrolysis of the second perfluoropolyether modified silane.

Abstract: A problem of the present invention is to provide an organic thin film transistor insulating layer material which is capable of forming a cross-linked structure without conducting a treatment at higher temperature, and which enables an organic thin film transistor to have a small absolute value of threshold voltage (Vth) when it is used for the formation of a gate insulating layer. The means for solving the problem is an organic thin film transistor insulating layer material including a macromolecular compound that has a repeating unit having a group containing a fluorine atom and a repeating unit having a photodimerization-reactive group.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a magnetic disk in which at least a magnetic layer, a carbon protective layer, and a lubrication layer are sequentially formed on a substrate is provided. The method comprises forming a film of a lubricant composition on the protective layer, the lubricant comprising a lubricant compound having a perfluoropolyether main chain in the molecular structure and an aromatic group or a phosphazene ring. The method further comprises forming the lubrication layer, and subjecting the magnetic disk to ultraviolet irradiation under a nitrogen gas or an inert gas atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of 5 volume % or less by adjusting an atmospheric temperature to a range of 50 to 180° C.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of forming a layer on a polymer substrate comprises a polymer substrate with at least one precursor, and applying ultraviolet light to decompose the at least one precursor and deposit a layer onto the polymer substrate. Also provided is a doped layer comprising zinc oxide deposited on a polymer substrate obtained by introducing at least one precursor comprising zinc and a dopant into a vessel containing a polymer substrate, and applying an ultraviolet light to decompose the at least one precursor and to deposit a layer comprising doped zinc oxide onto the polymer substrate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal film (LCF) is provided. The exemplified LCF can be used as a reflective polarization plate, which can improve luminance and light utilization efficiency of a display device, such as an LCD, and the like.

Abstract: A process for applying an energy-curable primer and a brilliant metallic ink to a paperboard or paper substrate is provided. The primer may be cured using an energy curing system such as a UV or EB curing system. The curable primer facilitates the orientation of the metallic pigment particles to provide a coherent reflectance of light and optimal reflectance. Advantageously, the primer-cured paper may be “spot-coated” with the metallic ink at pre-designated areas, which minimizes the amount of metallic ink used. In exemplary embodiments, the metallic paper is over-coated with one or more transparent or opaque inks. Additionally, the cured, primer coated paper may be subjected to corona discharge to remove excess solvent and compounds in the liquid phase within the matrix of the cured primer and/or to increase the surface tension of the primer. In certain circumstances, the metallic paper and the end product are recyclable and repulpable.

Abstract: A separator of a molten salt battery made of a porous resin sheet. The separator is improved in wettability to a molten salt by giving hydrophilicity to the resin sheet. In the case of a fluororesin sheet, the sheet is impregnated with water, and irradiated with ultraviolet rays so that C—F bonds in the fluororesin are cleaved and the resultant reacts with water to generate hydrophilic groups, such as OH groups, in each surface layer thereof. The separator gains hydrophilicity through the hydrophilic groups. The separator made of the resin can be made into a bag form. In a molten salt battery having the bag-form separator, the growth of a dendrite is prevented.

Abstract: Solution derived nanocomposite (SDN) precursor solutions are disclosed that comprise one or more metal precursors that are dissolved in a liquid comprising polar protic and polar aprotic solvents. The precursor solutions are characterized by the formation of a gel after a shear force is applied to the precursor solution or to a thin layer of precursor solution. Also disclosed are methods using such precursor solutions to make thin films, thin films made using the precursor solutions, thin films having a minimum surface area and devices containing thin films as disclosed herein.

Abstract: Apparatus for atomic layer deposition on a surface of a sheeted substrate, comprising: an injector head comprising a deposition space provided with a precursor supply and a precursor drain; said supply and drain arranged for providing a precursor gas flow from the precursor supply via the deposition space to the precursor drain; the deposition space in use being bounded by the injector head and the substrate surface; a gas bearing comprising a bearing gas injector, arranged for injecting a bearing gas between the injector head and the substrate surface, the bearing gas thus forming a gas-bearing; a conveying system providing relative movement of the substrate and the injector head along a plane of the substrate to form a conveying plane along which the substrate is conveyed.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a UV curable coating composition, which includes one or more monomers, one or more multifunctional oligomers, one or more pigments, one or more photoinitiators, and volatile organic solvent. The coating composition can be used as a primer in repairing and refinishing automobiles. The coating composition provides short drying times and a cured coating that does not need to be wiped. A method of applying the coating composition is also provided.

Abstract: A method for applying at least one anticorrosive, liquid, metal-particle-containing coating agent to a workpiece (2) with the steps application of a first layer of a coating agent to the workpiece (2) application of a second layer of a coating agent to the first layer. In order to suggest measures that permit a time-efficient application of a two-layer coating made of anticorrosive, liquid, metal-particle-containing coating agent, it is provided that the second layer is applied while the first layer still needs to dry.

Abstract: A magnet includes: a magnet main body; and an ultraviolet curing resin layer formed on a surface of the magnet main body.

Abstract: A system for detecting at least one contamination species in an interior space of a lithographic apparatus, including: at least one monitoring surface configured to be in contact with the interior space, a thermal controller configured to control the temperature of the monitoring surface to at least one detection temperature, and at least one detector configured to detect condensation of the at least one contamination species onto the monitoring surface.

Abstract: A primer-less coating composition for facestock comprises: a binder being a water-dispersible polymer; an ethylenically unsaturated compound which is aqueous-dispersible and miscible with or bonded to said water-dispersible polymer, wherein said ethylenically unsaturated compound is able to form a covalent bond with an ink; and a crosslinker, wherein said crosslinker is suitable for binding the coating to the facestock. The coating composition may be applied to a substrate to form a printable film. A printed film in accordance with the invention may be used in a label, for example for use on a container such as a bottle.

Abstract: A separator substrate include a substrate having a bulk portion and a surface portion, the surface portion having at least one porous area with a net charge; and ionic particles coupling to at least a part of the at least one porous area. The ionic particles have a net charge of an opposite sign to the net charge of the at least one porous area. The coupling between the part of the at least one porous area and the ionic particles may result in at least one of a good electrochemical performance, chemical stability, thermal stability, wettability, and mechanical strength of the separator substrate.

Abstract: A primer-less coating composition for facestock comprises: a binder being a water-dispersible polymer; an ethylenically unsaturated compound which is aqueous-dispersible and miscible with or bonded to said water-dispersible polymer, wherein said ethylenically unsaturated compound is able to form a covalent bond with an ink; and a crosslinker, wherein said crosslinker is suitable for binding the coating to the facestock. The coating composition may be applied to a substrate to form a printable film. A printed film in accordance with the invention may be used in a label, for example for use on a container such as a bottle.

Abstract: A highly tensile dielectric layer is generated on a heat sensitive substrate while not exceeding thermal budget constraints. Cascaded ultraviolet (UV) irradiation is used to produce highly tensile films to be used, for example, in strained NMOS transistor architectures. Successive UV radiation of equal or shorter wavelengths with variable intensity and duration selectively breaks bonds in the Si—N matrix and minimizes shrinkage and film relaxation. Higher tensile stress than a non-cascaded approach may be obtained.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a patterned retarder includes forming a retarder material layer by applying a retarder material to a substrate; drying the retarder material layer at a first temperature; exposing the retarder material layer to linearly-polarized UV, wherein the retarder material layer has an optical anisotropic property; and heat treating the retarder material layer at a second temperature higher than the first temperature to increase the optical anisotropic property of the retarder material layer.

Abstract: To provide a photocurable material which can form a cured product having a high transparency and a high refractive index, a process for producing the material easily, and an article having a high transparency and a high refractive index.

Abstract: In one aspect of the present invention, a method is provided. The method includes disposing a substantially amorphous cadmium tin oxide layer on a support and rapidly thermally annealing the substantially amorphous cadmium tin oxide layer by exposing a first surface of the substantially amorphous cadmium tin oxide layer to an electromagnetic radiation to form a transparent layer. A method of making a photovoltaic device is also provided.

Abstract: A transflective liquid crystal display (LCD) includes: a first substrate formed with a thin film transistor and a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor; a second substrate formed with a common electrode and a color filter and facing the first substrate; a liquid crystal layer formed between the first substrate and the second substrate; a first polarizing plate disposed at one side of the first substrate that does not face the second substrate; a second polarizing plate disposed at one side of the second substrate that does not face the first substrate; a cholesteric film formed on the first substrate; and a backlight unit disposed at one side of the first polarizing plate that does not face the first substrate.

Abstract: The method of the present invention comprises the following three steps: (1) Coating titanium oxide in the form of a membrane, nanometer-sized particles or powder onto a substrate to form a preliminary coating; (2) Adding a reducing agent and a dispersing agent to a metallic precursor to form a solution and then using an application device to apply a small amount of the solution to the preliminary coating; and (3) Using ultraviolet radiation on the substrate to reduce the metallic precursor to a metal via photochemical reaction and hence to form a composite coating. The method is simple and may be used for substrates in different sizes. In addition, in the method, the solution may be evenly spread out on the preliminary coating. The final composite coating may be used as the electrodes of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

Abstract: An electrochromic layer structure with at least one active layer and at least two electrodes is described. At least one of the electrodes has an electrically conductive network of conductor tracks and the conductor tracks contain nanoparticles. An electrochromic device, a method for production of an electrochromic layer structure and use of an electrochromic layer structure and an electrochromic device are also described.

Abstract: In the manufacture method for thin film frame layer of display panel, a photoresist liquid is coated onto a high transparent flat substrate through a capillary pipe of a dispenser. A predetermined pattern of photoresist is formed onto the substrate through a predetermined relative motion of the dispenser and the substrate. A patterned photoresist layer is formed by solidifying the photoresist liquid. The dispenser includes a pump filled with photoresist liquid and at least one downward capillary pipe for pouring out the photoresist liquid from a spout of the capillary pipe. The photoresist liquid is a black negative photoresist liquid with viscosity between 2 to 10 cps, and the predetermined relative motion is a spiral path.

Abstract: Methods of leveling ink on substrates and apparatuses useful in printing are provided. An exemplary embodiment of the methods includes irradiating ink disposed on a first surface of a porous substrate with radiation emitted by at least one flash lamp. The radiation flash heats the ink to at least a viscosity threshold temperature of the ink to allow the ink to flow laterally on the first surface to produce leveling of the ink. The ink is heated sufficiently rapidly that heat transfer from the ink to the substrate is sufficiently small during the leveling that ink at the substrate interface is cooled to a temperature below the viscosity threshold temperature thereby preventing any significant ink permeation into the substrate from the first surface.

Abstract: A disclosed method for producing a hollow cell array structure includes a first step of layering a deformable material capable of being plastically deformed under a predetermined condition on a first substrate, the first substrate having plural, mutually separated depressions in a surface thereof, such that the deformable material forms mutually isolated spaces in the corresponding depressions; a second step of expanding the spaces in the plural depressions by inducing a gas pressure of the spaces while extending the deformable material on the first substrate, such that plural hollow cells are simultaneously formed in correspondence to the plural depressions in predetermined directions; and a third step of selectively solidifying portions of the plural hollow cells by selectively applying ultraviolet rays thereto.

Abstract: A polarization element according to the invention includes a substrate, a metal layer and an absorber layer formed on the substrate to form a stripe in a plan view and stacked in a thickness direction of the substrate, a first dielectric layer formed on a surface of the metal layer and a second dielectric layer formed on a surface of the absorber layer. The first dielectric layer is made of an oxide of a metal constituting the metal layer, and the second dielectric layer is made of an oxide of a material constituting the absorber layer.

Abstract: A UV photoactivatable curable paint formation for providing a cured paint coating of a desired appearance on a substrate by UV irradiation, comprises a UV curable film-forming compound; a UV photoinitiator; a particulate UV reflective material in an effective rate of curing enhancing amount without affecting the resultant desired appearance of the cured paint coating.

Abstract: A polymer is provided according to structure (I) wherein Y is a thiol-reactive group selected from one or more of the following moieties and Z is an ionogenic group selected from one or more of the following moieties. The surface of a polymeric substrate is modified by contacting the surface with a polymer according to structure II or structure III and exposing the surface to ultraviolet light.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for patterning a flexible substrate. The method for patterning a flexible substrate includes providing a carrier substrate. A release layer is formed on the carrier substrate. A flexible substrate film is formed on the release layer. A plurality of UV blocking mask patterns is formed covering various portions of the flexible substrate film and the release layer. A UV lighting process is performed to expose the flexible substrate film and the release layer not covered by the UV blocking mask patterns, to a UV light. A debonding step is performed so that the various portions of the flexible substrate film directly above the various portions of the release layer, which were not exposed to the UV light, are separated from the carrier substrate.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus provide for: applying an inorganic barrier layer to at least a portion of a flexible substrate, the barrier layer being formed from a low liquidus temperature (LLT) material; and sintering the inorganic barrier layer while maintaining the flexible substrate below a critical temperature.

Abstract: A UVLED apparatus and a related method provide increased UVLED intensity to promote efficient curing of a coated glass fiber. The apparatus employs a plurality of UVLED sources, each UVLED source emitting an oscillating output of ultraviolet radiation. Typically, at least two of the UVLED sources have oscillating outputs of ultraviolet radiation that are out of phase with one another. During curing, an incompletely cured coating on a glass fiber absorbs electromagnetic radiation emitted from the UVLED sources.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of applying activatable material to a member of an article of manufacture such as an automotive vehicle. According to the method, the activatable material is provided to an applicator followed by applying the activatable material to the member wherein the activatable material is attached by way of a mechanical interlock via one or more through-holes.

Abstract: A UV-curable undercoat that contains barium sulfate, production thereof, methods of coating substrates with the undercoat and the coated substrates.

Abstract: A projected capacitive touch panel and fabrication method thereof is provided. The method includes steps of: (a) providing a substrate; (b) forming a conductive layer on the first plane of the substrate, wherein the conductive layer has a first pattern and a second pattern; and (c) forming a conductive bridge on the conductive layer to electrically connect the first pattern with the second pattern.

Abstract: A method for forming an antenna structure is provided, including the following steps of: providing a non-conductive frame and forming a photosensitive medium layer on the non-conductive frame, wherein the medium layer comprises a catalyzer for electroless deposition; applying a light beam through a transparent portion of a mask to the medium layer, such that a part of the medium layer is solidified within a predetermined region on the non-conductive frame; removing a part of the medium layer outside of the predetermined region; and forming a metal layer on the medium layer within the predetermined region.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to improved silica-titania glass articles intended for use in EUV or other high energy reflective optic systems, and to a process for producing such improved silica-titania articles. The improved silica-titania glass articles provide a more stable surface for the coatings that are used in the making of reflective optical elements for EUV applications. The stable surface is provided by densification of at least one face of the silica-titania article, the densification being accomplished by the use accelerated ions, neutrons, electrons and photons (?-ray, X-ray or DUV lasers). After densification, the densified face of the silica-titania article can be coated with a multilayer reflective coating.

Abstract: There is herein described powder coated wood products and methods of producing powder coated wood products. More particularly, there is herein described powder coated chemically modified wood which is highly durable.

Abstract: The invention concerns a glass article (1) comprising (i) a glass sheet (2), (ii) an adhesion layer (3) provided on at least part of said glass sheet and (iii) an ink layer (4), forming an image, provided on at least part of said adhesion layer. According to the invention, the adhesion layer (4) comprises an acrylic resin.

Abstract: A continuous process for preparing a composite membrane comprising the steps of: (i) providing a laminate structure comprising a barrier layer and a porous sheet; (ii) applying a curable composition to the porous sheet; (iii) curing the composition to form the composite membrane comprising the sheet and the cured composition; and (iv) optionally separating the composite membrane from the barrier layer. The composite membranes are particularly useful for producing electricity by reverse electrodialysis.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus and a method of printing a diffraction grating. In particular, the present invention relates to diffraction gratings applied to a substrate, such as a hologram.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a piezoresistive device includes the steps of: producing a polymer structure with an elastically deformable upper surface by processing a polymer material; applying a carbon nanotube solution on the upper surface of the polymer structure in conformity with a predetermined pattern; and drying the carbon nanotube solution to form a carbon nanotube pattern on the upper surface of the polymer structure. A piezoresistive device manufactured by the above method and a piezoresistive-type touch panel provided with the piezoresistive device are also provided.

Abstract: A resin layer formation method, resin layer formation device, disk and disk manufacturing method for making a resin layer uniform on a substrate before lamination or on a substrate to be coated by a simple procedure are provided. Adhesive A is coated at the inner circumference side while rotating a substrate P at low speed, a first adhesive layer AL1 is formed on the surface of the substrate P by rotating the substrate P at high speed, a step difference section H is formed around a rotation center of the substrate P by irradiating ultraviolet on an area in the inner circumference side of the first adhesive layer AL1 and hardening the area, the adhesive A is coated at the rotation center side from the step difference section H on the substrate P, and a second adhesive layer AL2 is formed on the first adhesive layer AL1 by rotating the substrate P at high speed. The first adhesive layer AL1 and the second adhesive layer AL2 are integrated to form a uniform adhesive layer B as a whole.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition, comprising a) porous silica nanoparticles, b) one or more organic soluble polymer resins, c) one or more UV-cross linkable reactive diluents, d) solvents and e) a UV-initiator system. The invention further relates to the use of the composition for coating transparent substrates, and to substrates that are coated with formulations of said kind.