Abstract: A NOx-trap composition comprises: (a) at least one first NOx storage component comprising at least one alkali metal supported on at least one first support material; and (b) a platinum oxidation catalyst and at least one second NOx storage component not being an alkali metal supported on at least one second support material, whereby the platinum oxidation catalyst and the at least one alkali metal are physically segregated thereby susbtantially maintaining the hydrocarbon conversion activity of the platinum oxidation catalyst.

Abstract: A steam barrier film comprising at least one inorganic gas barrier layer on a polyalkylene naphthalate resin substrate film in which the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polyalkylene naphthalate resin is from 70 to 150° C. and the steam barrier film comprises at least one conductive layer with a resistance of 1012 ? or less at 25° C. and 60% relative humidity.

Abstract: A composite material having a high thermal conductivity and a small thermal expansion coefficient, which is obtained by impregnating a porous graphitized extrudate with a metal; the composite material having such anisotropy that the thermal conductivity and the thermal expansion coefficient are 250 W/mK or more and less than 4×10?6/K, respectively, in an extrusion direction; and that the thermal conductivity and the thermal expansion coefficient are 150 W/mK or more and 10×10?6/K or less, respectively, in a direction perpendicular to the extrusion direction.

Abstract: A durable protective coating may be formed by applying a thin layer of metastable alumina to a bond coating on a substrate. A thermal barrier coating may then be applied to the metastable alumina and the resulting part may be heat treated to transform the metastable alumina to a mixed alpha alumina having particles of the thermal barrier coating, such as zirconia in the case of an yttria stabilized zirconia thermal barrier coating, dispersed therein. The resulting thermal barrier coating may inhibit microbuckling of the thermally grown oxide scale that grows over time at the thermal barrier coating-bond coating interface.

Abstract: A process for applying a coating upon an article includes the steps of applying upon at least one surface of an article a bond coat layer composed of a bond coat material and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of magnesium, calcium, strontium, silicon, rare earth metals, Group 3A of the Periodic Table of Elements and Group 4A of the Periodic Table of Elements; oxidizing the at least one metal to form at least one surface variation on an exposed surface of the bond coat layer and to form a thermally grown oxide layer upon the bond coat layer; and applying a thermal barrier coating layer upon said thermally grown oxide layer to produce a coated article.

Abstract: A dielectric ceramic composition having a relative dielectric constant ?r of 15-25 allowing formation of a laminated ceramic part having an appropriate size, capable of being sintered at a temperature lower than 800-1000° C. allowing incorporation and lamination of low resistance conductor of Cu or Ag through simultaneous sintering, and having a low dielectric loss tan ? (high Q-value) and a temperature coefficient ?f of resonant frequency has an absolute value not larger than 50 ppm/° C. The dielectric ceramic composition contains 3-30 parts by weight of lead-free low melting point glass containing 50 to 75 wt % of ZnO, 5 to 30 wt % of B2O3, 6 to 15 wt % of SiO2, 0.5 to 5 wt % of Al2O3, and 3 to 10 wt % of BaO, based on 100 parts by weight of major component expressed by a general formula of x?Zn2TiO4-(1?x??y?)ZnTiO3-y?TiO2 where 0.15<x?<0.8 and 0?y??0.

Abstract: An electronic device on a plastic substrate, at least one side of the device being protected from reaction with or incorporation of moisture by a composite barrier. The composite barrier may contain, for example, multiple layers of transparent conductive oxide separated by one or more vacuum-evaporated in-situ polymerized organic layers, or may contain multiple barrier layers of transparent conductive oxide, transparent metal, or transparent conductive metal nitride, separated by at least one layer of organic dielectric polymer.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a far infrared radiator used in various types of heating equipment. This far infrared radiator is comprised of a base material 1 composed of aluminum or aluminum alloy, and an electrolytic colored film 2 formed on this base material 1. Fine irregularities are formed in the surface of the electrolytic colored film, and nickel or cobalt is heterogeneously deposited from the bottoms to the openings in micropores of this film 2. Electrolytic colored film 2 is obtained by performing electrolysis treatment in a nickel bath or cobalt bath using an alumite film 3, formed on the surface of base material 1 having fine irregularities, as the cathode.

Abstract: An interface forming method includes forming a first layer containing a first chemical element and chemisorbing on the first layer an interface layer containing at least one monolayer of the first chemical element intermixed with a second chemical element different from the first chemical element. A second layer comprising the second chemical element can be formed on the interface layer. The first layer might not substantially contain the second chemical element, the second layer might not substantially contain the first chemical element, or both. An apparatus can include a first layer containing a first chemical element, an interface layer chemisorbed on the first layer, and a second layer containing a second element on the interface layer. The interface layer can contain at least one monolayer of the first chemical element intermixed with a second chemical element different from the first chemical element.

Abstract: Improving the resistance of members and parts disposed inside of vessels such as semiconductor processing devices for conducting plasma etching treatment in a strong corrosive environment. A ceramic coating member for a semiconductor processing apparatus comprises a porous layer made of an oxide of an element in Group IIIa of the Periodic Table coated directly or through an undercoat on the surface of the substrate of a metal or non-metal and a secondary recrystallized layer of the oxide formed on the porous layer through an irradiation treatment of a high energy such as electron beam and laser beam.

Abstract: A composite body made of at least two ceramic layers, in which the ceramic layers are permanently bonded to one another at defined bonding points by a contact layer made of a bonding material. To achieve a permanent, thermally stable bond of ceramic layers having different coefficients of thermal expansion, the bonding material has a low modulus of elasticity. During the manufacture of the composite body, the bonding points of the ceramic layers are pretreated to form a porous surface structure, the bonding material is applied to these bonding points, and after the ceramic layers are laid one on top of another with bonding points facing toward one another and bonding material lying between them, the assembled composite body is subjected to a heat treatment.

Abstract: A surface treatment process for metal articles for a mobile device includes following steps. Firstly, a metal article made of aluminum, titanium, or alloys thereof, is provided. Secondly, a first releasable coating is formed on a first surface portion of the metal article. Thirdly, a metal coating is formed on a second surface portion of the metal article. Fourthly, the first releasable coating is removed from the first surface portion of the metal article. Fifthly, a second releasable coating is formed on the metal coating. Sixthly, the first surface portion of the metal article is anodized. Finally, the second releasable coating is removed from the second surface portion of the metal article.

Abstract: A process for coating an article includes the steps of applying a bond coat layer onto at least one surface of an article; applying upon said bond coat layer a thermal barrier coating composition comprising a particle size distribution of no less than about 8 microns and no more than about 88 microns; heat treating said thermal barrier coating composition at a temperature of between about 1,800° F. to 2,200° F. for about 2 hours to 4 hours at a pressure of about 1×10?3 torr to 1×10?6 torr; and forming a thermal barrier coating layer comprising a cracking density of no more than about twenty cracks per linear inch of said thermal barrier coating.

Abstract: An overlay coating for articles used in hostile thermal environments. The coating has a predominantly gamma prime-phase nickel aluminide (Ni3Al) composition suitable for use as an environmental coating and as a bond coat for a thermal barrier coating. The coating has a composition of, by weight, at least 6% to about 15% aluminum, about 2% to about 5% chromium, optionally one or more reactive elements in individual or combined amounts of up to 4%, optionally up to 2% silicon, optionally up to 60% of at least one platinum group metal, and the balance essentially nickel. A thermal-insulating ceramic layer may be deposited on the coating.

Abstract: A hard coating film of the present invention is formed on a substrate, and is a multilayer including at least the following layers (1) to (3). (1) A first layer on the substrate side comprising one or more metals selected from the group consisting of elements in Groups 4A, 5A, and 6A of the periodic table; (2) a B- and C-containing surface layer; and (3) a graded composition layer which is formed in a sandwiched manner between the first layer and the surface layer, and in which the content of B and C changes continuously or stepwise from the first layer side toward the surface layer side. Another hard coating film of the present invention has a cubic boron nitride film as its outermost surface layer; the cubic boron nitride film is stacked in a state of having been nucleated from a B- and N-containing layer; and the B- and N-containing layer has a ratio of N to B of 0.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a new dielectric material can be used as the dielectric for base-metal electrode multilayer ceramic capacitors. In the present invention, a small amount of fine metallic particles are added into barium titanate based powder. The metallic particles can absorb oxygen to prevent the oxidation of the internal electrode. The metal is then oxidized to result in an oxide that can dissolve into the dielectric. The dielectric material of the present invention can be co-fired with nickel or copper internal electrode in a sintering atmosphere of commercial nitrogen or even of air. After sintering, no post-sintering heat treatment is needed.

Abstract: A cutting tip for a drilling tool includes a cemented carbide cutting base 11, a diamond element 12 supported by the cutting base 11, and a bonding layer formed between the cutting base 11 and the diamond element 12 in order to bond them. The bonding layer 13 includes diffusion layers S1 and S2 in which one or two or more metals selected from a group consisting of Fe, Ni, Co, Ti, Zr, W, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, and Hf diffuses into at least one of the cemented carbide or the diamond.

Abstract: A thermal spray coating is made of cermet and provided on the surface of a base. The value that is gained by further dividing the value, which is gained by dividing the coefficient of thermal expansion of the thermal spray coating by the thickness of the thermal spray coating (unit: ?m), by the coefficient of thermal expansion of the base is set to a value no less than 0.15×10?2. Accordingly, peeling and cracking of the thermal spray coating can be prevented from being caused by the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between the thermal spray coating and the base.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the PVD coated tungsten carbide (WC) based cemented cutting inserts with ruthenium (Ru) as a key chemical element, or a key feature, in the cobalt (Co)-based binder phase, particularly useful for machining today's mold & die materials. In the Ru—Co mixed binder phase in the tungsten carbide substrate, the ratio of Ru/Co is at least 3%, by weight. The Ru-featured carbide cutting insert provided in this invention is PVD coated with one or more layers by a modern PVD coating technology. The development of the PVD coated Ru-featured carbide cutting inserts provided in this invention is based on a discovery that the unique combination of PVD coating techniques and Ru-featured carbide cutting inserts demonstrates superior machining performance in today's mold & die machining applications.

Abstract: A coating applied as a two layer system. The outer layer is an oxide of a group IV metal selected from the group consisting of zirconium oxide, hafnium oxide and combinations thereof, which are doped with an effective amount of a lanthanum series oxide. These metal oxides doped with a lanthanum series addition comprises a high weight percentage of the outer coating. As used herein, lanthanum series means an element selected from the group consisting of lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), promethium (Pm), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb), lutetium (Lu) and combinations thereof, and lanthanum series oxides are oxides of these elements. When the zirconium oxide is doped with an effective amount of a lanthanum series oxide, a dense reaction layer is formed at the interface of the outer layer of TBC and the CMAS. This dense reaction layer prevents CMAS infiltration below it.

Abstract: A multilayered film of the present invention includes a hard film provided on a substrate and including a compound of essential metal components, Al and Ti, with C, N, B, or O, and an intermediate layer formed between the substrate and the hard film, the intermediate layer including at least one selected from the group consisting of a metal, an alloy, and a compound of the metal or the alloy, and having an oxidation temperature lower than that of the hard film. The multilayered film further includes an oxide-containing layer formed by oxidizing the hard film, and an alumina film formed on the surface of the oxide-containing layer. The multilayered film of the present invention has excellent adhesion to the substrate, excellent heat resistance, and excellent oxidation resistance when being exposed to a substrate temperature of 700° C. or more and an oxidizing atmosphere.

Abstract: A method for preparing an ?-Al2O3 nanotemplate of fully crystalline ?-Al2O3 directly on the surface of a metal alloy is provided. Also provided is a related apparatus.

Abstract: A composition comprising a glass-forming binder component and a particulate corrosion resistant component. The particulate corrosion resistant component comprises corrosion resistant particulates having: a CTEp of at least about 4 and being solid at a temperature of about 1300° F. (704° C.) or greater; and a maximum median particle size defined by one of the following formulas: (a) for a CTEp of 8 or less, an Mp equal to or less than (4.375×CTEp)?10; and (b) for a CTEp of greater than 8, an Mp equal to or less than (?4.375×CTEp)+60, wherein CTEp is the average CTE of the corrosion resistant particulates and wherein Mp is the median equivalent spherical diameter (ESD), in microns, of the corrosion resistant particulates. Also disclosed is an article comprising a turbine component comprising a metal substrate and a corrosion resistant coating overlaying the metal substrate, as well as a method for forming at least one layer of the corrosion resistant coating adjacent to the metal substrate.

Abstract: A corrosion resistant coating for gas turbine engine includes a glassy ceramic matrix wherein the glassy matrix is silica-based, and includes corrosion resistant particles selected from refractory particles and non-refractory MCrAlX particles, and combinations thereof. The corrosion resistant particles are substantially uniformly distributed within the matrix, and provide the coating with corrosion resistance. Importantly the coating of the present invention has a coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) greater than that of alumina at engine operating temperatures. The CTE of the coating is sufficiently close to the substrate material such that the coating does not spall after frequent engine cycling at temperatures above 1200° F.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a component (1) comprising an element (2), which contains zirconium or a zirconium alloy and which has a surface (3) on which a corrosion protective layer (4) is formed, the oxide layer (4) comprising zirconium oxide. The component (1) is intended to be in an oxidising environment (6) and said oxide layer (4) has an outer surface (5) towards said oxidising environment (6). The element (2) comprises a layer (10), that borders said surface (3) and comprises hydrogen and at least one metal from the group of lanthanum elements and/or from the group platinum metals and/or yttrium which in its elemental form or as an oxide have the ability to effectively dissociate oxygen and H2O. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing the component (1) and a nuclear facility comprising the component (1).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cutting tool insert for side and face milling of rolled low alloyed steel at low and at moderate cutting speeds comprising a cemented carbide body and a coating and a method for making same. The cemented carbide body comprises WC, from about 7.3 to about 7.9 wt-% Co and from about 1.0 to about 1.8 wt-% cubic carbides of Ta and Nb and a highly W-alloyed binder phase with a CW-ratio of from about 0.86 to about 0.94. The coating comprises: a first (innermost) layer of TiCxNyOz with a thickness of from about 0.1 to about 2 ?m, and with equiaxed grains with size less than about 0.5 ?m a layer of TiCxNyOz with a thickness of from about 2 to about 10 ?m with columnar grains with a diameter of about less than about 5 ?m a layer of TiCxNyOz with a thickness of 0.1-2 ?m and with equiaxed or needlelike grains with size less than about 0.5 ?m an outer layer of a smooth, textured, finegrained ?-Al2O3 layer with a thickness of from about 2 to about 10 ?m.

Abstract: Disclosed is a heat transfer medium having high heat transfer rate, being useful in even wider fields, simple in structure, easy to made, environmentally sound, and capable of rapidly conducting heat and preserving heat in a highly efficient manner. Further disclosed are a heat transfer surface and a heat transfer element utilizing the heat transfer medium. Further disclosed are applications of the heat transfer element.

Abstract: The invention provides hard, ductile coatings comprising a ductile bonding layer of zirconium or titanium alloyed with a precious metal and a hard, surface layer comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of zirconium nitride, titanium nitride, zirconium carbide and titanium carbide and a precious metal segregated into the grain boundaries. The present invention also provides hard ductile multilayer coatings comprised of alternating ductile metal and hard nitride or carbide layers. The invention also includes methods to manufacture nitride or carbide coatings with ductile precious metal grain boundaries. The coatings provide an erosion resistant coating to surfaces to which they are applied.

Abstract: A high temperature gas turbine component for use in the gas flow path that comprises a specular optical reflector coating system. A thin specular optical reflector coating system is applied to the gas flow path of the component, that is, the surface of the component that forms a boundary for hot combustion gases. The component typically includes a thermal barrier coating overlying the high temperature metallic component that permits the component to operate at elevated temperatures. The thermal barrier coating must be polished in order to provide a surface that can suitably reflect the radiation into the gas flow path. The thin reflector coating system comprises a thin high temperature and corrosion resistant refractory stabilizing layer, which is applied over a thin reflective metal layer, which is applied over a thin high temperature and corrosion resistant refractory sealing layer.

Abstract: Support pad for a long hole drill head wherein the support pad includes a base body with a bottom surface, at least one side surface and a top surface. The top surface is arranged to function as a wear surface and is defined by a titanium-free wear-resistant coating, whereas the remaining surfaces of the support pad are defined by a titanium-containing wear-resisting coating.

Abstract: A glazing panel comprises in sequence at least a glass substrate, a base antireflective layer comprising at least a base antireflective lower layer and a base antireflective upper layer which is of a different composition to that of the base antireflective lower layer, the base antireflective upper layer comprising a mixed oxide of Zn and at least one additional material X, in which the ratio X/Zn in the base antireflective upper layer is between 0.02 and 0.

Abstract: A diamond coated cutting tool is disclosed having a either steel or cemented carbide substrate. The interior layer disposed between the diamond coating and the substrate inhibits the diffusion of carbon and other species.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a display and a method for making the display comprising a substrate, an electrically modulated imaging layer, a first transparent conductive layer, and a dark light absorbing layer comprising a binder and a blend of nonconductive colorants and conductive colorants, wherein the conductive colorant is present in an amount less than 25% by weight.

Abstract: A cutting tool insert includes a cemented carbide substrate and a coating. The cemented carbide substrate comprises WC, 4–7 wt % cobalt, 6–9 wt % cubic carbide forming metals from the groups IVB and VB, preferably titanium, tantalum and niobium, with a binder phase enriched surface zone with a thickness of >20 ?m, preferably between 21 and 50 ?m. The coating comprises a first layer adjacent the cemented carbide substrate of Ti(C,N) having a thickness of from about 3 to about 15 ?m, an alumina layer adjacent said first layer having a thickness of from about 3 to about 15 ?m, said alumina layer being composed of ?-Al2O3, a further layer adjacent the alumina layer of a Ti(C,N) or Ti(C,O,N) having a thickness of from about 1 to 10 ?m. The total thickness of the coating being less than 30 ?m, preferably less than 20 ?m. Inserts according to the invention exhibit favourable wear resistance and edge strength when turning steel.

Abstract: A high temperature gas turbine component for use in the gas flow path that also is a specular optical reflector. A thin layer of a high temperature reflector is applied to the gas flow path of the component, that is, the surface of the component that forms a boundary for hot combustion gases. The component typically includes a thermal barrier coating overlying the high temperature metallic component that permits the component to operate at elevated temperatures. The thermal barrier coating must be polished in order to provide a surface that can suitably reflect the radiation into the gas flow path. A thin layer of the high temperature reflector the is applied over the polished thermal barrier coating by a process that can adequately adhere the reflector to the polished surface without increasing the roughness of the surface. The high temperature reflector can be applied to any surface aft of the compressor, such as on a centerbody.

Abstract: In a heat exchanger having tubes and fins, a polyaniline film made of polyaniline and/or a derivative thereof is formed on the surfaces of the tubes and the fins. This polyaniline film is imparted with at least one hydrophilic functional group selected from the class consisting of a primary amino group, a secondary amino group, a tertiary amino group, an ammonium group, a nitric acid group, a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid group, a phosphonic acid group and a hydroxyl group. Accordingly, the surfaces of the tubes and the fins has good water wettability while maintaining deodorizing and sterilizing functions.

Abstract: The surface-coated member 1 is constituted by coating the surface of the base body 2, made of such a material as cemented carbide or cermet, with the hard coating layer 3 that comprises at least one TiCN layer 4 and the Al2O3 layer 6 formed on the surface of the TiCN layer 4, wherein the TiCN layer 4 is constituted from stringer-like TiCN crystal grown in a direction perpendicular to the base body 2 and mean crystal width w1 of the TiCN layer 4 on the Al2O3 layer 6 side is made larger than mean crystal width w2 on the base body 2 side. This surface-coated member, as a cutting tool, shows excellent breakage resistance and high wear resistance with a long service life, where strong adhesion force of the hard coating layer can be maintained without experiencing peel-off between the TiCN layer and the Al2O3 layer even in cutting operations under harsh cutting conditions, such as intermittent cutting operation where the cutting edge is subject to strong impact.

Abstract: SrBi2Nb2O9 (SBN) thin films are deposited on Pt/TiO2/SiO2/Si substrates using off-axis pulsed laser deposition technique. Off-axis laser ablation avoids plasma damaging of the surface of SBN thin films and is favorable to grow films along the polarization axis (a–b plane). SBN thin films are grown at 350° C. substrate temperature, with 5 mm away from the plasma focus, and annealed at 750° C. for 1 hour in oxygen ambient. These SBN thin films exhibited giant remnant polarization (Pr) of 50 ?C/cm2 with coercive field of 190 kV/cm. The fatigue endurance of these SBN thin films was measured at 400 kV/cm and showed minimal (<20%) polarization degradation of up to 1010 switching cycles. The leakage current density of SBN thin films was found to be about 2×107 up to an applied field of 100 kV/cm. The above-mentioned properties of off-axis deposited SBN thin films, makes it a good material for NVRAM devices.

Abstract: An embossable film for creating holograms and diffraction gratings and methods of producing the embossable films are provided. The embossable film includes a base layer and a co-extruded embossable layer that is coated with a transparent high refractive index (HRI) coating prior to embossing.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition and method for treating a magnesium alloy. The inventive composition comprises an acid aqueous solution containing niobium pentoxide, a water-soluble cerium salt and, optionally, a zirconium salt and/or hydroflouric acid. Said method consists in submerging a magnesium alloy part in said composition. The invention can be used to protect magnesium alloy parts against corrosion.

Abstract: A hexavalent chromium-free surface treating agent for Sn- or Al-based coated steel sheet, comprising a trivalent chromium compound (A), a water-dispersible silica (B), a lubricity imparting component (C) made of one or more waxes of polyolefin wax, fluorine-containing wax and paraffin wax, and water, a mass ratio on the solid content basis of the water-dispersible silica (B) to the lubricity imparting component (C), (B)/(C), being within a range from 5/95 to 95/5.

Abstract: An article of manufacture includes a decorative coating that comprises scandium nitride or other scandium-containing compounds such as scandium-alloy nitrides. Scandium nitride coatings have a color very similar to that of pure copper. Scandium-alloy nitrides and other scandium-containing compounds comprising nitrogen, oxygen, and/or carbon can provide a range of colors generally intermediate or between that of scandium nitride and that of the alloying metal compound. The coatings are decorative and can also exhibit advantageous physical characteristics, such as abrasion, wear, chemical, and corrosion resistance.

Abstract: A coated carbide tap comprises a substrate consisting of tungsten carbide cemented with 12 to 16% by weight cobalt with additions of small amounts of transition metal carbides added to restrain grain growth, and may also contain low levels of impurities that might be picked up during processing. The substrate is coated with a layer of metal nitrides, carbides, carbonitrides, borides and/or oxides, the metal being chosen from one or more of the following: aluminum, silicon and the transition metals from Groups IVa, Va, and VIa of the Periodic Chart. The coating may comprise a monolayer and/or alternating layers optionally with varying chemical composition.

Abstract: A cutting tool insert with a cemented carbide and a coating. The cemented carbide substrate includes WC, 7 to 12 wt-% Co, 5 to 11 wt-% cubic carbides of metals from the groups IVb, Vb and VIb with a binder phase that is highly alloyed with cobalt. The tungsten carbide phase has a mean intercept length of 0.7 to 1.4 ?m. The coating includes at least one 2 to 12 ?m thick ?-Al2O3 layer composed of columnar grains with texture coefficients: TC(012)>2.2 and TC(024)>0.6×TC(012).

Abstract: An aqueous solution for depositing an inorganic corrosion resistant coating on a metal substrate is disclosed. The aqueous solution comprises a film-forming agent, a supplemental anion, and a substrate activator. The film-forming agent is a vanadate salt that forms the corrosion resistant coating. The supplemental anion accelerates the rate at which the corrosion resistant coating is formed. The substrate activator serves to remove any existing oxides from the metal substrate prior to the formation of the corrosion resistant coating. The present invention additionally covers objects so coated and methods of application.

Abstract: An article is coated with a multi-layer coating having a bronze color. In a preferred embodiment, the coating comprises a nickel or polymer basecoat layer, and a color and protective stack layer comprised of layers of carbon-rich refractory metal or refractory metal alloy carbonitride alternating with layers of nitrogen-rich refractory metal or refractory metal alloy carbonitride. In another embodiment, the alternating layers of the color stack layer may comprise layers of carbon-rich refractory metal carbides or carbon-rich refractory metal alloy carbides alternating with layers of nitrogen-rich refractory metal nitrides or nitrogen-rich refractory metal alloy nitrides.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a coated cemented carbide cutting tool insert particularly useful for turning of cast irons. The cutting tool insert is characterized by a cemented carbide body comprising WC, cubic carbonitrides, a W-alloyed Co binder phase, a surface zone of the cemented carbide body that is binder phase enriched and nearly free of cubic carbonitride phase, and a coating including an innermost layer of TiCxNyOz with equiaxed grains, a layer of TiCxNyOz with columnar grains and at least one layer of Al2O3.

Abstract: An improved catalyst system that includes a metal support structure and an anti-corrosive layer on the metal support structure, and has improved resistance to corrosion and other degradation under corrosive environments. Typically, a catalyst supporting layer is applied over the anti-corrosive layer.

Abstract: This ceramic element, the visible surface of which includes features, is intended to be fitted onto a watch case. This visible surface has, at each feature, a hollow having the shape of said feature, with a depth at least equal to 0.05 mm, the side walls of said hollow being essentially perpendicular to said visible surface, the bottom of said hollows having a first tie layer of Ti, Ta, Cr or Th type, with a thickness of at least 100 nm and at least a second layer from the group Au, Ag, CrN, Ni, Pt, TiN, ZrN, Pd or alloys thereof with a thickness of at least 100 nm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cutting tool insert and its methods of manufacture for machining of steel comprising a cemented carbide body and a coatings. The cemented carbide body includes WC, 5-12 wt-% Co and 3-11 wt-% of cubic carbides of metals Ta and Ti. The amount of Nb is below 0.1 wt-% and the ratio Ta/Ti is 1.0-4.0. The Co-binder phase is highly alloyed with W with a CW-ratio of 0.75-0.95 and, finally, the cemented carbide body has a binder phase enriched and essentially gamma phase free surface zone of a thickness of 5-50 ?m.