Abstract: Composite suction liners and associated centrifugal pump architectures are described herein which, in some embodiments, provide enhanced operating lifetimes under abrasive slurry conditions. For example, a composite suction liner includes a suction liner substrate and a monolithic cladding metallurgically bonded to a face of the suction liner substrate, the monolithic cladding comprising metal matrix composite including a hard particle phase dispersed in matrix metal or alloy.

Abstract: Laminated composite (10) comprising at least one electronic substrate (11) and an arrangement of layers (20, 30) made up of at least a first layer (20) of a first metal and/or a first metal alloy and of a second layer (30) of a second metal and/or a second metal alloy adjacent to this first layer (20), wherein the melting temperatures of the first and second layers are different, and wherein, after a thermal treatment of the arrangement of layers (20, 30), a region with at least one intermetallic phase (40) is formed between the first layer and the second layer, wherein the first layer (20) or the second layer (30) is formed by a reaction solder which consists of a mixture of a basic solder with an AgX, CuX or NiX alloy, wherein the component X of the AgX, CuX or NiX alloy is selected from the group consisting of B, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Se, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ag, In, Sn, Sb, Ba, Hf, Ta, W, Au, Bi, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Gd, Dy, Sm, Er, Tb, Eu, Ho, Tm, Yb and Lu and wherein the melti

Abstract: A tubular welding wire includes a granular core and a metal sheath encircling the granular core. Furthermore, the metal sheath includes at least approximately 0.3% manganese by weight and at least approximately 0.05% silicon by weight.

Abstract: A method for making a tripping ball comprising configuring two or more parts to collectively make up a portion of a tripping ball; and assembling the two or more parts by adhering the two or more parts together with an adherent dissolvable material to form the tripping ball, the adherent dissolvable material operatively arranged to dissolve for enabling the two or more parts to separate from each other. A method of performing a pressure operation with a tripping ball is also included.

Abstract: A method of diffusion coating an article includes applying a mixture to an article. The mixture consists essentially of an active coating metal of chromium powder, alumina powder, a diffusion activator of chromium(III) chloride and an organic carrier material. The article is then heated at a diffusion temperature to cause diffusion of the chromium powder into the article to form a diffusion coating on the article.

Abstract: A method of dissolving a tool includes positioning the tool within an environment reactive with at least a portion of the tool, and introducing the environment below a surface of the tool through at least one perforation formed therein. The method also includes reacting at least a portion of the tool exposed to the environment through the at least one perforation, weakening the tool to mechanical stress, and fracturing the tool.

Abstract: In one aspect, composite articles are described comprising multifunctional coatings. A composite article described herein, in some embodiments, comprises a substrate and a coating adhered to the substrate, the coating comprising an inner layer and an outer layer, the inner layer comprising a presintered metal or alloy and the outer layer comprising particles disposed in a metal or alloy matrix.

Abstract: An endoprosthesis such as a stent is composed of a metal or ceramic, such as Irox, embedded in the stent material.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of forming uniform nanoparticle based monolayer films with a high particle density on the surface of a substrate comprising (a) forming a surface modifying layer on a substrate using a material comprising a first functional group that chemically binds to the substrate and a second functional group comprising a group capable of forming van der Waals forces, (b) applying to the surface modifying layer a solution comprising nanoparticles, and (c) curing the resultant structure formed at step (b) for a predetermined time to form a nanoparticle based monolayer film. The present invention further provides substrates and devices comprising the nanoparticle based monolayer films.

Abstract: A multilayer sliding bearing includes a rigid metal backing having a metal bearing liner attached thereto. The metal bearing liner includes a metal bearing liner layer which is attached to the bearing surface of the metal backing layer and at least one metal overplate layer deposited over an outer surface of the metal bearing liner layer. The metal bearing liner layer has a layer of hard particles embedded in an outer surface thereof which is adjacent to the inner surface of the at least one metal overplate layer. The bearing may also include a barrier layer interposed between the metal bearing liner layer and the metal over plate layer to inhibit diffusion therebetween and/or promote adhesion of the metal over plate layer to the metal bearing liner layer. The invention may also include a thin metal protective coating layer over the outer surface of the bearing liner and backing layer.

Abstract: An electrically conductive composite material for use in the manufacture of electrical contact components, consisting of a metal strip and a contact layer made of a silver or tin contact material, which contact layer is applied at least to one side of the metal strip, whereby the contact material contains as a first additive 0.5 to 60 weight percentage of carbon powder in the form of fine particles having a diameter of ø1=5 to 200 nm and 0.5 to 60 weight percentage of a second powdery additive in the form of fine particles having a diameter of ø2=5 to 200 nm. Moreover a device for the gas atomization of a jet of a flowable or liquid material and a method for the manufacture of an electrically conductive composite material and its use are disclosed.

Abstract: A method of continuous casting non-ferrous alloys which includes delivering molten non-ferrous alloy to a casting apparatus. The casting apparatus rapidly cools at least a portion of the non-ferrous alloy at a rate of at least about 100° C. thereby solidifying an outer layer of the non-ferrous alloy surrounding an inner layer of a molten component and a solid component of dendrites. The dendrites are altered to yield cast product exhibiting good resistance to cracking.

Abstract: Very high strength single phase stainless steel coating has been prepared by magnetron sputtering onto a substrate. The coating has a unique microstructure of nanometer spaced twins that are parallel to each other and to the substrate surface. For cases where the coating and substrate do not bind strongly, the coating can be peeled off to provide foil.

Abstract: A method of forming a sputtering target and other metal articles having controlled oxygen and nitrogen content levels and the articles so formed are described. The method includes surface-nitriding a deoxidized metal powder and further includes consolidating the powder by a powder metallurgy technique. Preferred metal powders include, but are not limited to, valve metals, including tantalum, niobium, and alloys thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a support for a lithographic printing plate, wherein an adhering amount of a rare-earth element atom to a surface thereof is 0.1 to 20 mg/mg2, and a presensitized plate provided with an image recording layer on the support for a lithographic printing plate. The presensitized plate achieving both high scum resistance and long press life can be realized, which is the same in the case the image recording layer containing an infrared absorbent, where scum would easily occur, is provided onto the support.

Abstract: A process for the production of coatings with scratch-resistant durable surfaces that comprise as photoinitiator (B) in a photocurable formulation at least one surface-active photoinitiator, concentrated at the surface of the formulation, of formula (Ia) or (Ib), wherein Ra is a radical of formula (IIa), Rb is a radical of formula (IIb)), or Ra and Rb are naphthyl, anthracyl, phenanthryl or a heterocyclic radical each of which is unsubstituted or substituted; R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9 and R10 are, for example, each independently of the others hydrogen; A-Y; C1–C12alkyl, halogen or phenyl; R11 and R12 are, for example, C1–C12 alkyl; X is —OR20 or —N(R21)(R22); R20 is, for example, hydrogen or C1–C4alkyl; R21 and R22 are, for example, hydrogen or C1–C12 alkyl; X1 is, for example, —O—; Y is, for example, a single bond or —O—; Y1 is, for example, a single bond; and A is, for example, C6–C30alkyl.

Abstract: There is provided a coating liquid for forming a colored transparent conductive film using ruthenium in a fine particle form, which has a satisfactory electromagnetic wave shielding effect, which is excellent in transparency, chemical resistance, and abrasion resistance, and which achieves a neutral transmitted color tone. There are provided a substrate with the colored transparent conductive film and a method for its production, and a display device having the substrate as a front panel. A coating liquid for forming a colored transparent conductive film is one characterized by containing noble metal-supporting ruthenium in a fine particle form wherein a noble metal except for ruthenium is supported in a fine particle form on ruthenium. A method for making the noble metal supported in the fine particle form is a method of adding a reducing agent into a dispersing liquid containing ruthenium particles and then adding thereinto a solvent containing a compound of a noble metal.

Abstract: An environmental coating is applied to the surface of a titanium-base alloy substrate to protect the surface from oxidation, corrosion, erosion, and other damage. The coating is a mixture of a metal and a ceramic, each selected to contribute to the protective function. The proportions of the metal and the ceramic in the coating are selected such that the coefficient of thermal expansion of the coating is about the same as the coefficient of thermal expansion of the substrate.

Abstract: A method for forming a metal-containing layer on a substrate is disclosed. A slurry of the metal is first deposited on the substrate; followed by heating to remove volatile material from the slurry, and to form a layer of the metal. In another embodiment, a slurry of aluminum is deposited over the slurry of the metal, before or after the metal has been heat-treated to some degree. A diffusion heat treatment results in a coating which includes the noble-metal aluminide compound. Related articles are also disclosed.

Abstract: Thin, flexible composite materials, which are magnetic or magnetizable and processes for producing and using the materials. The composite material contains a laminate formed from a mixture of magnetic or magnetizable particles, binder particles (and optionally active particles), applied to and fused and/or coalesced with a first substrate. The composite preferably contains an additional second substrate fused to and/or coalesced with, the laminate on the side of the laminate opposite that of the first substrate.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to electrical contacts that comprise spaced electrically conductive particles embedded and bonded into the surface of conductors in which the particles have been kinetically sprayed onto the conductors with sufficient energy to form direct mechanical bonds between the particles and the conductors in a pre-selected location and particle number density that promotes high surface-to-surface contact and reduced contact resistance between the conductors.

Abstract: An article includes turbulation material bonded to a surface of a substrate via a bonding agent, such as a braze alloy. In an embodiment, the turbulation material includes a particulate phase of discrete metal alloy particles having an average particle size within a range of about 125 microns to about 4000 microns. Other embodiments include methods for applying turbulation and articles for forming turbulation.

Abstract: An article includes turbulation material bonded to a surface of a substrate via a bonding agent, such as a braze alloy. In an embodiment, the turbulation material includes a particulate phase of discrete metal alloy particles having an average particle size within a range of about 125 microns to about 4000 microns. Other embodiments include methods for applying turbulation and articles for forming turbulation.

Abstract: Infrared reflective visually colored metal substrates or metal-coated particles are prepared by burnishing colored pigments into the metal. Proper selection of the pigment allows for intense visual color without degradation of the infrared reflective properties. The resulting visually colored infrared reflective composition may be utilized in a variety of applications, such as coatings, fabrics, tapes, and face paint, to provide infrared signature control as well as visual camouflage.

Abstract: Castings for gas turbine parts exposed on one side to a high-temperature fluid medium have cast-in bumps on an opposite cooling surface side to enhance heat transfer. Areas on the cooling surface having defectively cast bumps, i.e., missing or partially formed bumps during casting, are coated with a braze alloy and cooling enhancement material to salvage the part.

Abstract: High areal storage density, patterned magnetic media comprising a patterned plurality of at least partially crystalline, ferromagnetic particles or grains are provided by means of a simple, economical process wherein a non-magnetic substrate is provided with a layer of an amorphous, paramagnetic or anti-paramagnetic material comprising at least one component, e.g., a metal element, which is ferromagnetic when in at least partially crystalline form, and at least partially crystallizing the at least one component at selected areas of the amorphous layer to form a spaced-apart pattern of at least partially crystallized, ferromagnetic particles or grains of the at least one component, the particles or grains being spaced apart and surrounded by a matrix of the amorphous material. Embodiments include utilizing a focussed or scanned laser source and an amorphous Ni—P layer for forming ferromagnetic Ni particles or grains.

Abstract: A micro interface between a polymeric layer and a metal layer includes isolated clusters of metal partially embedded in the polymeric layer. The exposed portion of the clusters is smaller than embedded portions, so that a cross section, taken parallel to the interface, of an exposed portion of an individual cluster is smaller than a cross section, taken parallel to the interface, of an embedded portion of the individual cluster. At least half, but not all of the height of a preferred spherical cluster is embedded. The metal layer is completed by a continuous layer of metal bonded to the exposed portions of the discontinuous clusters. The micro interface is formed by heating a polymeric layer to a temperature, near its glass transition temperature, sufficient to allow penetration of the layer by metal clusters, after isolated clusters have been deposited on the layer at lower temperatures.

Abstract: A relatively high carbon, water-atomized, steel shot is softened via annealing to render it suitable for ballistic use. The annealing preferably includes decarburization from a surface layer or throughout and preferably provides the shot with a surface Knoop hardness of less than 250.

Abstract: A modified Ti—V—Zr—Ni—Mn—Cr electrochemical hydrogen storage alloy which has at least one of the following characteristics: 1) an increased charge/discharge rate capability over that the base Ti—V—Zr—Ni—Mn—Cr electrochemical hydrogen storage alloy; 2) a formation cycling requirement which is reduced to one tenth that of the base Ti—V—Zr—Ni—Mn—Cr electrochemical hydrogen storage alloy; or 3) an oxide surface layer having a higher electrochemical hydrogen storage catalytic activity than the base Ti—V—Zr—Ni—Mn—Cr electrochemical hydrogen storage alloy.

Abstract: A tribological coating made of a copper-free highly hypereutectic aluminum/silicon alloy and/or of a copper-free aluminum/silicon composite material composed such that fine silicon primary crystals and/or silicon particles, intermetallic phases, and oxides form as hard particles during the production of the layers in the atmospheric thermal spraying method and/or are anchored in the structure. The surface of the coating can be machined economically by short-chipping using conventional tools, so that additional alloy elements such as copper for forming additional intermetallic phases such as Al2Cu can be eliminated. This is significant because conventional AlSi cylinder liners in reciprocating engines pose problems in conjunction with certain fuels because of their copper content.

Abstract: A paste is described for capping electrodes with an oxide free metal layer incorporating a solvent, an unzippable polymer and particles. The electrode could be an interconnect such as a C4 bump. A method for forming a coating and for testing integrated circuit chips is also described. The invention overcomes the problem of interconnecting Pb containing electrodes that are covered with an insulating oxide on integrated circuit chips by coating the Pb containing electrode with Au to provide an oxide free surface for testing and interconnection.

Abstract: A layer is provided for bonding a conductive plating to a substrate which substrate normally does not provide firm bonding of plating directly thereto. The bonding layer forms a matrix in which are dispersed ultrafine metal particles. The bonding layer is formed in situ on the substrate surface with the metal particles being maintained unaggregated in the matrix as it is formed on the surface. Plating subsequently formed on the outer surface of the bonding layer is effectively firmly bonded to the substrate through the intermediary of the matrix and metal particles distributed therein. The bonding layer includes a fixative formed of an organic compound including a metal and an organic solvent. The bonding layer may further include a film strengthener.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition containing an extract from inflammatory tissue inoculated with vaccinia virus may be used to suppress the death of cells caused by endotoxin, and suppress excessive production of nitrogen monoxide induced by endotoxin. The extract may also be used to relieve hypotension induced by endotoxin. In sepsis and other serious bacterial infectious diseases, endotoxin (an intracellular toxin) is produced and a shock symptom is induced by its action. The extract, having an excellent inhibitory action toward endotoxin-induced toxicity, is quite useful for the treatment or the prevention of endotoxin-induced shock symptoms, sepsis and various symptoms accompanied thereby. In addition, the extract has an inhibitory action towards abnormal nitrogen monoxide production during the diseased state and, therefore, it is also useful as a therapeutic and preventive agent for diseases wherein an excessive nitrogen monoxide production occurs, such as acute hypotension.

Abstract: The heat resistant stainless steel wire/strip comprises a stainless steel thin wire/strip containing, in addition to chrome, at least one of nickel, aluminum and yttrium. The stainless steel thin wire/strip is covered with a covering layer formed of nickel group alloy particles containing aluminum covered with ceramic particles or chrome alloy particles containing aluminum covered with ceramic particles. The stainless steel thin wire/strip with the covering layer is applied with heat treatment in vacuum at a temperature of 1100 to 1300.degree. C., the alloy particles are deposited on the stainless steel thin wire/strip, and the alloy particles and the ceramic particles of the covering layer are bonded to each other. The ceramic particles of the covering layer is 1 micron or less of an average particle diameter and contain at least one of aluminum, silicone, magnesium, zirconium, barium and titanium.

Abstract: A laminated structure is obtained by hot isostatic pressing. The structure comprises a first metallic outer layer (produced by powder metallurgy) on one side, a second metallic outer layer on the other side which can form a brittle intermetallic phase and/or a brittle ordered phase with the first side, and a ductile metallic intermediate layer, the layers possessing mutually different coefficients of thermal expansion, whereby the intermediate layer acts as a diffusion barrier against the formation of the aforementioned brittle intermetallic phases or ordered phases. The invention also concerns a manufacturing method for the structure and an application of same as a cathode in a plasma sputtering unit.

Abstract: A material for electric contacts based on silver-tin oxide is obtained by mixing a powder of silver or an alloy mainly containing silver with a powder consisting mainly of tin oxide and 0.01 to 10 wt. % (in relation to the quantity of tin oxide) of an additive consisting of one or more compounds containing silver, oxygen and a metal from sub-groups II to VI of the periodic system and/or antimony, bismuth, germanium, indium and gallium, compacting the mixture and sintering it. The tin oxide may be replaced by zinc oxide.

Abstract: A brazeable aluminum material is composed of an aluminum core and a brazing agent layer consisting of a brazing agent thermally sprayed onto and covering a surface of the core. A number of unmolten minute particles of the brazing agent are present in the brazing agent layer, which contains at least an aluminum-silicon alloy and/or a mixture of aluminum and silicon. Characteristic features of a method of producing the brazeable aluminum material are the steps of: preparing a powder composed of minute particles; and thermally spraying the powder onto the aluminum core in such a state that only a surface of each minute particle is molten, with a pith of the particle remaining unmolten. The powder is an Al-Si alloy and/or a mixture of Al powder and Si powder.

Abstract: Methods for making, methods for using and articles comprising ferromagnetic cermets, preferably cemented carbides and more preferably tungsten carbide, having at least two regions exhibiting at least one property that differs are discussed. The multiple-region cermets are particularly useful in wear applications. The cermets are manufactured by juxtaposing and densifying at least two powder blends having different properties (e.g., differential carbide grain size or differential carbide chemistry or differential binder content or differential binder chemistry or differential magnetic saturation or any combination of the preceding). Preferably, a first region of the cermet comprises a first hard component having a prescribed binder content and a first magnetic saturation and a second region, juxtaposing or adjoining the first region, comprising a second binder content different than the binder content of the first region and a second magnetic saturation different than that of the first region.

Abstract: A metal-based composite includes a metal matrix including aluminum as a major component, discontinuous alumina fibers buried in the metal matrix, mullite particles buried therein, and solid lubricant particles buried therein. The solid lubricant particles can be either graphite particles with a nickel layer formed on a surface thereof, or boron nitride cermet particles. By thus including the specific solid lubricant particles, the wear resistance of the metal-based composite can be improved, the wear of its mating parts can be reduced, and the friction coefficient between the metal-based composite and the mating parts can be inhibited from fluctuating. Hence, the metal-based composite can appropriately make aluminum-based internal combustion engines.

Abstract: A coated palladium fine powder comprising palladium particles of a mean particle size in the range of 0.1 to 1.0 .mu.m which are coated with nickel or alloy of nickel with other metal are employable, optionally in combination with palladium particles or palladium-coated ceramic particles of a mean particle size in the range of 0.1 to 1.0 .mu.m, for preparing an electroconductive paste.

Abstract: Process of imparting conductivity to a three-dimensional net-shaped porous sheet can be performed efficiently before carrying out electroplating process. Fine metallic powders are applied to the porous sheet made of a foamed sheet, a nonwoven sheet, a mesh sheet or a plurality of sheets layered one on the other, so that a conductive metallic layer is formed on the porous sheet. Then, an electroplated layer is formed on the surface of the conductive metallic layer. The conductive metallic layer remains when the porous sheet burned out. Consequently, a metallic layer of the conductive metallic layer and the electroplated layer forms the metallic framework of the metallic porous sheet.

Abstract: A solder preform (250) has solder particles of one alloy (210) arranged within a matrix of a second solder alloy (200). This arrangement forms a structure having the desired predetermined shape of the solder preform. The solder particles comprise one or more of the following elements: tin, lead, bismuth, indium, copper, antimony, cadmium, arsenic, aluminum, gallium, gold, silver. The particles have a predetermined melting temperature. The second solder alloy is compositionally distinct from the solder particles, and has a melting temperature that is lower than the melting temperature of the solder particles. The solder particles may comprise about 88% by weight of the solder preform, and the second solder alloy comprises about 12% by weight of the preform.

Abstract: A metallic coating on a part made from a ceramic composite is obtained from a powder obtained by mixing two powders: namely,a base powder A comprising 2 to 5% of a reactive element Ti or Zr, at least one melting element B or Si in proportions ensuring a liquidus temperature between 1000.degree. C. and 1300.degree. C. and additional metallic elements including at least 50% Ni or Ni+Co;a powder B in a weight ratio of 5 to 30%, the elements of which are chosen to impart to the part particularly desired surface properties such as anti-wear, anti-oxidation and/or anti-corrosion, and to ensure a liquidus temperature of powder B greater than that of powder A.

Abstract: A solder-clad printed circuit board (100) has solder particles of one alloy (120) arranged within a matrix of a second solder alloy (115). This arrangement forms a flat structure that is alloyed to the solder pads (105) on the substrate. The solder particles (120) have a predetermined melting temperature and are made from one or more of the following elements: tin, lead, bismuth, indium, copper, antimony, cadmium, arsenic, aluminum, gallium, gold, silver. The second solder alloy (115) is compositionally distinct from the solder particles, and has a melting temperature that is lower than the melting temperature of the solder particles. The solder particles may comprise about 88% by weight, and the second solder alloy may comprise about 12% by weight of the solder cladding.

Abstract: A spray powder for thermal spraying onto a substrate to provide a hardfacing, and a part with such hardfacing on the surface thereof, that is corrosion-resistant and abrasion-resistant. The spray powder comprises between about 75 to about 90 weight percent of tungsten carbide. The powder further comprises between about 10 and 25 weight percent of a nickel-based alloy, which includes Mo, and optionally, includes one or more of Fe, C, Cr, Mn, Co, Si and W.

Abstract: A brazing sheet having an Al alloy core material one or each of whose surfaces is clad with a brazing material, the brazing sheet being excellent in vacuum brazing ability suitable for the manufacture of aluminum heat exchangers that have a hollow structure. The brazing material is an Al--Mg--Si alloy brazing material comprising 0.6 to 1.8 wt % of Mg, 6.0 to 20.0 wt % of Si, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities, and having, in its metal texture, 1,000/mm.sup.2 or more Mg.sub.2 Si particles 2 to 5 .mu.m in diameter, with the particles being assumed to be spheres, and 3,000/mm.sup.2 or more Si particles 6 .mu.m or less in diameter, with the particles being assumed to be spheres.

Abstract: An improved electrode for a conductivity meter is provided formed of a titanium material cladded with platinum. The electrode is formed by immersing the titanium electrode form in an acid bath at an elevated temperature for approximately three hours. The surface of the electrode form is reduced in a relatively weak acid bath, and is then cladded by electrolysis with a platinum material to form a platinum black plating.

Abstract: A method of forming a phase-separated composite material which utilizes sputtering in a thermal gradient at relatively high sputtering pressures generally above about 0.1 Torr sufficient to produce nanoscale particles which are embedded in a continuous phase matrix produced by normal sputtering. This method avoids the alloying and/or compound formation which prevents preparation of phase-separated composites by conventional co-sputtering, and the invention thus enables particulate composites to be formed from entirely new classes of materials. Microhardness testing shows that the phase-separated composites produced by the present invention have an increased hardness compared to the pure matrix material.

Abstract: An array of densely packed discrete metal microspheres which may be deformable and electrically conductive may be formed on a substrate by a method including the steps of providing a substrate having a depositing surface in the chamber forming a metal vapor in the chamber and depositing the metal vapor on the depositing surface, the depositing surface having a temperature at or above the melting point of the metal.

Abstract: A strip getter structure comprising getter powder pressed into and onto an open reticulated network carrier strip. The getter powder particles form an agglomeration with strength derived both from interlocking of said getter particles and from support of the getter agglomeration by the network. The getter strip structure is manufactured by continuous rolling of getter powder into and onto the network carrier strip by means of a gravity powder feed and a cylindrical rolling mill.