Abstract: A steel liner with a case comprising at least 95% martensite, such as substantially 100% martensite, and a core comprising pearlite and discrete ferrite grains decorating former austenite grain boundaries. The ferrite in the liner's core has an average size of less than about 25 nm.

Abstract: A composite material includes a structural material and a shape-memory alloy embedded in the structural material. The shape-memory alloy changes crystallographic phase from austenite to martensite in response to a predefined critical macroscopic average strain of the composite material. In a second embodiment, the composite material includes a plurality of particles of a ferromagnetic shape-memory alloy embedded in the structural material. The ferromagnetic shape-memory alloy changes crystallographic phase from austenite to martensite and changes magnetic phase in response to the predefined critical macroscopic average strain of the composite material.

Abstract: In doping process for producing homojunctions in a semiconductor substrate, and the semiconductor substrate, dopants penetrate by way of diffusion employing an ultraviolet light source. A mask is introduced between the light source and the semiconductor which has regions of varying thickness. Dopant material is placed between the mask and the substrate, and the mask is then irradiated by the light source.

Abstract: A method of on site application of an erosion resistant coating. When deposited on the surface of a metallic substrate, the coating comprises hard ferroboride phases bound with a ductile metallic phase. The ductile metallic phase is selected from metals which have a low affinity for oxygen. The preparation and composition of a cored wire adapted for use in application of the erosion resistant coatings are also disclosed.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition containing an extract from inflammatory tissue inoculated with vaccinia virus may be used to suppress the death of cells caused by endotoxin, and suppress excessive production of nitrogen monoxide induced by endotoxin. The extract may also be used to relieve hypotension induced by endotoxin. In sepsis and other serious bacterial infectious diseases, endotoxin (an intracellular toxin) is produced and a shock symptom is induced by its action. The extract, having an excellent inhibitory action toward endotoxin-induced toxicity, is quite useful for the treatment or the prevention of endotoxin-induced shock symptoms, sepsis and various symptoms accompanied thereby. In addition, the extract has an inhibitory action towards abnormal nitrogen monoxide production during the diseased state and, therefore, it is also useful as a therapeutic and preventive agent for diseases wherein an excessive nitrogen monoxide production occurs, such as acute hypotension.

Abstract: The heat resistant stainless steel wire/strip comprises a stainless steel thin wire/strip containing, in addition to chrome, at least one of nickel, aluminum and yttrium. The stainless steel thin wire/strip is covered with a covering layer formed of nickel group alloy particles containing aluminum covered with ceramic particles or chrome alloy particles containing aluminum covered with ceramic particles. The stainless steel thin wire/strip with the covering layer is applied with heat treatment in vacuum at a temperature of 1100 to 1300.degree. C., the alloy particles are deposited on the stainless steel thin wire/strip, and the alloy particles and the ceramic particles of the covering layer are bonded to each other. The ceramic particles of the covering layer is 1 micron or less of an average particle diameter and contain at least one of aluminum, silicone, magnesium, zirconium, barium and titanium.

Abstract: A soldering composition is self melting and is auto-regulating. The solder composition (100) has a central core (102) made from a non-magnetic metal. A coating (105) of a magnetic material surrounds most or all of the central core. A solder layer (108) overlies the coating of magnetic material, and the solder layer has a melting temperature that is lower than the Curie temperature of the magnetic material. The auto-regulating temperature substantially corresponds to the Curie temperature. When the solder composition is placed in a field of alternating current, the magnetic material heats up and melts the solder coating. When the Curie temperature is reached, the magnetic material stops heating, thus controlling the maximum temperature of the soldering composition. As the temperature of the composition drops below the Curie temperature, the magnetic material again heats up, thus keeping the temperature of the solder constant.

Abstract: A strip getter structure comprising getter powder pressed into and onto an open reticulated network carrier strip. The getter powder particles form an agglomeration with strength derived both from interlocking of said getter particles and from support of the getter agglomeration by the network. The getter strip structure is manufactured by continuous rolling of getter powder into and onto the network carrier strip by means of a gravity powder feed and a cylindrical rolling mill.

Abstract: A composite wire useful for arc gun spraying is formed of an alloy sheath comprising iron, nickel, or cobalt, and a core comprising boron-containing powder of boron and/or boron carbide sufficiently fine in size such that the boron is substantially dissolved in a coating produced by arc gun spraying the composite wire. Where the boron substance includes boron, the core should further comprise fine carbon powder less than 20 microns in size blended with the boron powder. Preferably a substantial portion of the boron-containing powder is less than 20 microns. In a particularly desirable embodiment, the sheath is formed of mild steel and the core comprises boron carbide and an alloy powder such as ferromolybdenum.

Abstract: A process for forming a sintered layer on a substrate of an iron-based material containing carbon. A sheet of powders of an alloy is prepared by mixing the powders with a solution of resin and rolling the mixture into a sheet. The sheet is then heated to a sintering temperature. In order to prevent carbon content in the substrate from diffusing to the powder sheet during the sintering process, a lamina is provided beneath the powder sheet for example by a metal plating, a metal oxide layer, an intermediate alloy powder sheet, a decarbonized layer.

Abstract: A shielded arc welding electrode containing in a core wire or a covering flux thereof alloy elements in the proportions satisfying the following conditions. ##EQU1## in which B.sub.w is a coefficient of yield in deposited metal of a wire-originating element, B.sub.f is a coefficient of yield in the deposited metal of a flux-originating element, [elementary symbol (%)].sub.w is the percentage by weight of a component element of the core wire to the total weight thereof, [elementary symbol(%)].sub.f is the percentage by weight of a component element of the flux to the total weight thereof, and A.sub.f is the flux ratio (the weight ratio of the applied flux to the total weight of the welding electrode).

Abstract: A liquid phase sintered body for brazed joints having a multiplicity of pores, grooves and/or indented patterns formed on a desired surface. The liquid phase sintered body is produced by a method comprising the steps of forming a compact body of a mixture of a hard refractory material, such as carbides, nitrides, oxides, borides and silicides mixed with cementing metal in powder form, placing on the desired surface any one of coarse grains, strands or plates of a metal having a diameter or a thickness over ten times as great as the grain size of the cementing metal, and sintering the compact body under conditions suitable for melting the coarse grains, strands and/or mesh of strands or plates after densification of the compact body has been completed or substantially completed. The metal forming the coarse grains, strands or plates must have a melting point which is more than 50.degree. C.

Abstract: A coated electrode is provided comprising a metal core rod and a sheath coating enveloping said rod, said sheath consisting essentially of at least one hard phase-forming element in particulate form bonded to said rod, said sheath containing an amount of a solid metal halogenide ranging from over 0.01 to 3% by weight of said sheath effective to provide a weld deposit in which hard phases are uniformly distributed therethrough.

Abstract: A composition suitable for the protection of corrodible metal surfaces which comprises a binder and a filler. The filler is constituted of a mixture of a comminuted refractory ferro alloy and a non-metallic inhibitor such as zinc chromate or zinc yellow, the latter being present in an amount sufficient to enhance the corrosion protection and weldability of the coated metal surfaces. Various binders, both inorganic and organic, may be used and the filler is preferably a mixture of a major amount of ferrophos (Fe.sub.2 P) and a minor amount, e.g., about 10 percent by weight of the filler, of zinc yellow.