Abstract: Metal-carbon composite powders and methods for producing metal-carbon composite powders. The powders have a well-controlled microstructure and morphology and preferably have a small average particle size. The method includes forming the particles from an aerosol of powder precursors. The invention also includes novel devices and products formed from the composite powders.

Abstract: This invention discloses new and improved multi-layer coatings for gas turbine engine parts that are exposed to elevated temperatures, such as blades and vanes in the high pressure compressor and turbine of multi-stage aircraft engines, by applying a diamond film over columnar thermal barrier coatings such as yttria-stabilized zirconia, improving the erosion resistance of the thermal barrier coating.

Abstract: The present invention provides metal working tools with metal working surfaces bearing a coating of diamond-like carbon that is strongly adhered to the surface via the following gradient: metal alloy or cobalt-cemented tungsten carbide base; cobalt or metal-silicide and/or cobalt or metal-germanide; silicon and/or germanium; silicon carbide and/or germanium carbide; and, diamond-like carbon.

Abstract: The hard carbon coating-clad base material of the present invention comprises a base material, a substratal metal coating formed on the base material by a wet plating process, an intermediate metal coating comprising a titanium or chromium coating formed on the substratal metal coating by a dry plating process and a silicon coating formed on the titanium or chromium coating by a dry plating process, and a hard carbon coating formed on the silicon coating by a dry plating process. According to the present invention, a highly reliable hard carbon coating which is excellent in corrosion resistance, adhesion and abrasion resistance can be formed even on brass or an iron base material having poor corrosion resistance, such as SK steel and martensitic and ferritic stainless steels.

Abstract: An electronic structure includes an electronic device, and a heat sink assembly in thermal contact with the electronic device. The heat sink assembly is formed of a piece of pyrolytic graphite embedded within a metallic casing and intimately contacting an interior wall of the metallic casing. The heat sink assembly is substantially fully dense. The heat sink assembly is fabricated by assembling the piece of pyrolytic graphite within the disassembled elements of the metallic casing, and then simultaneously heating and pressing the initial assembly until it is substantially fully dense.

Abstract: In a composite material manufactured by connecting a sintered body to a surface of a metal substrate, the connection strength under a high temperature is increased, stress relaxation in the composite material is attained, and the strength, wear resistance and corrosion resistance are improved. The sintered body has a multilayer structure having layers with different compositions, i.e. compositions that vary or differ in a direction perpendicular to the connection surface, and the volume relation between the respective layers of the sintered body and the substrate is (substrate volume.times.0.2).gtoreq.(sintered body volume/number of layers), while the thickness of each layer is at least 0.2 mm and not more than 5 mm.

Abstract: Solid particles which comprise a substantially homogeneous mixture of an active carbon and an attrition-resistant inorganic substance and which have an average particle size of smaller than 300 .mu.m. The average particle size is preferred to range from 20 to 200 .mu.m. The inorganic substance is, for example, silica, titania, zirconia, alumina or silica-alumina. The active carbon is preferred to be contained in an amount of 5 to 70% by weight. The solid particles can be produced by spray drying a slurry containing an active carbon or a precursor thereof and an attrition-resistant inorganic substance or a precursor thereof so that particles having an average particle size of smaller than 300 .mu.m are obtained, and calcining the particles. The inorganic substance or precursor thereof is preferably present in a colloidal or hydrogel state in the slurry. The particles are excellent in attrition resistance and mechanical strength.

Abstract: Lubrication deficiencies related to the use of lubricants in HFC refrigeration compressors can be mitigated by providing a diamond-like-carbon coating on a member subject to wear due to lubrication deficiencies. Specifically, the tip of the vane of a rotary compressor is coated with a diamond-like-carbon coating made up of alternating layers of tungsten carbide and a lubricious material 0.5 to 5.0 microns thick.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a gating means in combination with a spontaneous infiltration process to produce a metal matrix composite body. Particularly, a permeable mass of filler material or a preform is spontaneously infiltrated by molten matrix metal to form a metal matrix composite body. A gating means is provided which controls or limits the areal contact between molten matrix metal and the filler material or preform. The use of a gating means provides for control of the amount of matrix metal which can contact the preform or filler material, which may result in less machining of a formed metal matrix composite body compared with a similar metal matrix composite body made without a gating mean. Moreover, the use of a gating means ameliorates the tendency of a formed metal matrix composite body to warp due to the contact between the formed composite body and matrix metal carcass.

Abstract: Disclosed is a spin valve film having a first magnetic layer, a non-magnetic layer, a second magnetic layer, and an antiferromagnetic layer as the fundamental structure for the film. In such structure of the spin valve film, a single-layered film or a multi-layered film consisting of CoZrNb, CoZrMo, FeSiAl or FeSi, or a material prepared by adding Cr, Mn, Pt, Ni, Cu, Ag, Al, Ti, Fe, Co or Zn to the above-mentioned substance is used for at least one of the first magnetic layer and second magnetic layer. According to the present invention, a thin spin valve film having a good sensitivity with respect to magnetic field and a significant magnetoresistive effect can be obtained. When using this thin film for a shield reproducing head or a yoke reproducing head, the maximum reproducing output obtainable is approximately four times that of a reproducing head which utilizes the magnetoresistive effect provided by the application of the prior art.

Abstract: A bond for a single layer metal bond abrasive tool can be easily chemically and electrochemically stripped from the metal core of a recovered used tool to facilitate reuse of the core. Relative to conventionally bonded tools, the speed of stripping the novel bond is quick, and the stripped core has a smooth, clean surface which needs only minimal mechanical repair prior to reuse. In one aspect, the novel bond consists essentially of a ternary bond composition of copper, tin and titanium, in which the copper and tin are pre-alloyed and the pre-alloy and titanium component are incorporated in the bond composition as fine particle size powders. In another aspect, the bond is a quaternary bond composition consisting essentially of copper, tin, titanium and silver. The powder components can be used dry or mixed with a fugitive liquid binder as a paste. The novel bond can be brazed at lower temperature than copper/tin/titanium bonds prepared otherwise.

Abstract: A unitary article that is solid at a temperature in excess of about 1100.ree. C. which includes a diamond, a metal, and a brazing material brazing the diamond and the metal. The brazing material includes a metal carbide adhering to the diamond and a platinum family metal or nickel adhering to the metal. The platinum family metal has dissolved therein carbide forming metal and contains particles of metal carbide. The article is made by depositing a platinum family metal or nickel on a metal melting above the melting point of the platinum family metal or nickel, depositing a carbide forming metal which is soluble in molten platinum family metal or nickel, heating the assembly until platinum family metal or nickel is in a molten state, and cooling the molten platinum family metal or nickel to a solid state.

Abstract: A process for fabricating a composite material such as that having high thermal conductivity and having specific application as a heat sink or heat spreader for high density integrated circuits. The composite material produced by this process has a thermal conductivity between that of diamond and copper, and basically consists of coated diamond particles dispersed in a high conductivity metal, such as copper. The composite material can be fabricated in small or relatively large sizes using inexpensive materials. The process basically consists, for example, of sputter coating diamond powder with several elements, including a carbide forming element and a brazeable material, compacting them into a porous body, and infiltrating the porous body with a suitable braze material, such as copper-silver alloy, thereby producing a dense diamond-copper composite material with a thermal conductivity comparable to synthetic diamond films at a fraction of the cost.

Abstract: A process for the selective variation in density of particulate matter codeposited within metallic matrices deposited onto articles utilizing increased levels of rotation of said articles during plating cycle to attain said selective codeposition density. The attainment of varying densities of codeposited particulate matter in the plated layer along the surface of the substrate is particularly useful in cost reduction and improved product performance.

Abstract: Lubrication deficiencies related to the use of synthetic lubricants such as POE oils in refrigeration compressors can be mitigated by providing a diamond-like-carbon coating on a member subject to wear due to lubrication deficiencies. Specifically, the tip of the vane of a rotary compressor is coated with a diamond-like-carbon coating made up of alternating layers of tungsten carbide and a lubricious material 0.5 to 5.0 microns thick.

Abstract: A method for joining carbon-carbon composites to metals by brazing. Conventional brazing of recently developed carbon-bonded carbon fiber (CBCF) material to a metal substrate is limited by the tendency of the braze alloy to "wick" into the CBCF composite rather than to form a strong bond. The surface of the CBCF composite that is to be bonded is first sealed with a fairly dense carbonaceous layer achieved by any of several methods. The sealed surface is then brazed to the metal substrate by vacuum brazing with a Ti-Cu-Be alloy.

Abstract: The improved sputtered memory disk of the present invention comprises a substrate coated with a nucleating layer, a subsequent magnetic layer, and a protective coating. As a result of texturing in the circumferential direction and epitaxy involving the nucleating layer, an anisotropic orientation of coercivity in the circumferential direction has occurred during the sputtering that provides an improved memory disk having enhanced coercivity, a reduced amplitude modulation, an improved squareness of the hysteresis loop, e.g., lower switching field distribution, and a high production, relatively low cost production system. As a result, a higher recording density due to the higher coercivity and low switching field distribution can be experienced with the magnetic disk of the present invention.

Abstract: A zinc or zinc alloy electroplated metal sheet comprises a metal sheet having, on at least one surface thereof, a composite zinc or zinc alloy plated coating formed by electroplating with zinc or a zinc alloy in a plating solution which contains at least one organic compound selected from the group consisting of alkynes, alkynols, amines and salts thereof, thio compounds, heterocyclic compounds, and aromatic carboxylic acids and salts thereof. The composite plated coating has a coating weight of 0.5-200 g/m.sup.2 and contains 0.001-10 wt % of co-deposited carbon. The electroplated metal sheet has improved post-painting corrosion resistance, press formability, and spot weldability.

Abstract: The hard carbon coating-clad base material of the present invention comprises a base material, a substratal metal coating formed on the base material by a wet plating process, an intermediate metal coating comprising a titanium or chromium coating formed on the substratal metal coating by a dry plating process and a silicon coating formed on the titanium or chromium coating by a dry plating process, and a hard carbon coating formed on the silicon coating by a dry plating process. According to the present invention, a highly reliable hard carbon coating which is excellent in corrosion resistance, adhesion and abrasion resistance can be formed even on brass or an iron base material having poor corrosion resistance, such as SK steel and martensitic and ferritic stainless steels.

Abstract: A method for producing a composite element by causing a stream of gaseous rhenium hexafluoride to flow onto a carbon substrate in a chemical vapor deposition reaction. A flow of hydrogen gas causes a reduction of the rhenium hexafluoride to rhenium metal to thereby deposit a uniform layer of rhenium metal onto the surface of the carbon substrate. A fine grain rhenium coating on carbon is produced having an average particle diameter of from about 0.1 to about 25 micrometers. The elements may be used alone or several of them may be bonded together into various articles. Such elements and articles are useful as light weight, high temperature strength, corrosive gas resistant structural elements.

Abstract: A surface of a non-magnetic base plate is first coarsened to a required surface roughness and an ultrasonic vibration is then applied to the surface of the non-magnetic base plate while the nonmagnetic base plate is immersed in a liquid. Thereafter, a magnetic recording layer and a protective layer are successively formed on the surface of the non-magnetic base plate thereby to produce a magnetic recording medium. It is preferable that the frequency of a ultrasonic is within a range from 200 kHz to 1600 kHz. Surface fractional properties of the magnetic recording medium can adequately be controlled without variation of floatation height of a magnetic head during its running by varying an ultrasonic oscillation output and an ultrasonic processing time.

Abstract: A fine, hard particulate is distributed within a fused coating on a substrate. The distributed, fine, hard particulate function as crack arresters, so that a propagating crack is actually stopped upon encounter with the hard particle, and enhance nucleation during the coating formation, so that finer grain size is achieved within the coating, which in effect decreases the crack length in the coating.

Abstract: A long-life, inexpensive rotary anode for use in an X-ray tube having an X-ray generating layer formed by CVD on a graphite substrate and capable of producing high-power X-rays without the possibility of thermal cracks or delamination. When forming the X-ray generating layer of a tungsten-rhenium alloy on the graphite substrate through a rhenium intermediate layer by CVD, material gases are supplied intermittently so that the entire part or only the surface area of the X-ray generating layer will be formed of laminated structure of ultra-thin films each 0.1-5.0 microns thick. The content of rhenium in the tungsten-rhenium alloy forming the X-ray generating layer has a gradient form, i.e. increases from the interface with the rhenium intermediate layer toward the surface, so that the total amount of rhenium added can be reduced.

Abstract: A vacuum insulated panel having high thermal insulating value and long vacuum life, and a method of making such a panel are disclosed. The panel is formed of peripherally welded metal wall members which define a cavity within which, in one embodiment, a compressed block of particulate material is disposed. The particulate material, in this embodiment, serves as a barrier to radiant thermal transmission through the panel, acts as a getter to maintain the vacuum in the panel, and supports the walls of the panel against collapse when the cavity is evacuated. The vacuum insulated panel can be covered with a polyurethane foam insulating material. According to a further embodiment of the invention, the filler within the cavity is a sandwich comprising a compressed layer of particulate material suspended between two layers of fiberglass.

Abstract: Metal bonded carbon fiber-reinforced composites are disclosed in which the metal and the composite are strongly bound by (1) providing a matrix-depleted zone in the composite of sufficient depth to provide a binding site for the metal to be bonded and then (2) infiltrating the metal into the matrix-free zone to fill a substantial portion of the zone and also provide a surface layer of metal, thereby forming a strong bond between the composite and the metal. The invention also includes the metal-bound composite itself, as well as the provision of a coating over the metal for high-temperature performance or for joining to other such composites or to other substrates.

Abstract: A magnetic thin-film disc having a magnetic thin film formed of a lower and upper sublayers. The two sublayers are characterized by lower coercivity, smaller grains, and more isolated grains in the lower sublayer, and higher coercivity, and larger grains in the upper sublayer. In one embodiment, the sublayers are characterized by an increasing magnetic remanence on progressing from the outer to the inner diameter of the disc. Also disclosed are sputtering methods for producing the disc.

Abstract: A sputtered magnetic recording disk is formed by a series of sequential sputtering processes within an environment of a low pressure inert gas. A disk substrate is abraded to provide a circumferential texturing of hills and valleys. The height of the hills and valleys are of a dimension not to interfere with a fly characteristic of a recording head, while the arithmetic average of the radial roughness is still sufficient to provide a magnetic switching field distribution of less than 0.20. A chromium nucleating layer is deposited on the textured substrate surface by a first sputtering process. A second sputtering process provide a magnetic layer of a cobalt alloy to provide C-axis orientation parallel to the substrate. A third sputtering process provides a protective carbon film. The output of any signal recorded on the magnetic thin film layer will have an amplitude modulation of less than twenty-five percent (25%).

Abstract: A hybrid structural material combines high thermal conductivity and pre-determined mechanical properties compatible with adjacent or attached materials. It has three elements: (1) a non-structural, high thermal conductivity core material which defines the thermal conductivity of the hybrid structural material; (2) a pair of face sheets, which form opposing surfaces of the hybrid structural material and help to define its mechanical properties, disposed on opposite sides of the core material to create a face sheet-core material-face sheet sandwich construction; and (3) a frame substantially surrounding the core material and bonded to the face sheets for helping to define (along with the face sheets) the mechanical properties of the hybrid structural material.The interfaces between the face sheets and the core material allow physical contact, but prevent structural interaction, between the face sheets and the core material.

Abstract: A method is provided for preparing a diamond coating on a substrate. The method includes a first step of applying a partial diamond coating having an effective amount of void area therein to the work surface of a substrate. In a follow-up step the void area in the partial coating is filled with binder, preferably metallic binder. In a later step, diamond projecting outwardly from the binder is further grown, to generate a covering portion or a head portion extending over, and in protective relationship with, the binder or binder material. According to the present invention preferred products are also provided.

Abstract: Graphite and/or carbon surfaces are coated with a titanium nitride coating by exposing the substrate to electric arc thermal spray process wherein titanium wire as the source of titanium and nitrogen is used as the propelling (atomizing) gas.

Abstract: A vacuum insulated panel having high thermal insulating value is described together with a method of making such a panel. The panel is formed of peripherally welded metallic wall members which define a cavity within which a solid compressed block of particulate material is disposed. The particulate material, preferably an activated carbon black, a silica gel or a combination thereof, serves as a barrier to radiant thermal transmission through the panel, acts as a getter to maintain the vacuum in the cavity, and, with proper density, supports the walls of the panel against collapse when the cavity is evacuated. In one embodiment of the invention, the vacuum insulated panel is covered on one side with a polyurethane foam insulating material.

Abstract: A glass-to-metal seal including a metal member such as Pd or a Pd-Ru alloy and a glass member wherein the glass member is in contact with the metal member and forms a glass-to-metal seal therewith. The seal can include an outer body surrounding the glass member and forming a seal therewith. The outer body has a coefficient of thermal expansion greater than that of the glass member and the seals between the outer body, the glass member and metal member are compression seals. The glass-to-metal seal is made by directly glassing onto the metal member in a furnace having an atmosphere which prevents outgassing of hydrogen from the metal member into the interface between the glass member and metal member. After the glass-to-metal seal forming step, the outer body can be metallurgically bonded to another component without chemically cleaning the outer body and the metal member can be metallurgically bonded to another member such as a gold wire without plating the metal member prior to the bonding step.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of fabricating a wire and cable article capable of meeting stringent aerospace specifications and requirements, particularly that of low weight. The article generally comprises an inner conductive central core of one or more metal-coated fibers. The conductive core is preferably comprised of silver-coated aramid fibers having a silver coating of greater than 30 wt. % of the fiber, and generally several hundred weight percent thereof. The silver is coated upon aramid fibers to provide a cable having approximately half the weight and approximately 15 times the tensile strength of cables having equivalent resistance and/or equivalently sized cores of silver plated copper. The metal coating of the inventive process is accomplished in two steps: (a) a high tensile strength fiber comprising nylon, aramid, etc., is first plated with a first layer of metal such as copper, silver, etc.; and then (b) electrochemically plated with a second layer of metal.

Abstract: A diffusion bonding process for bonding one rhenium-coated carbonaceous body to another. The rhenium-coat surfaces 18,20 of the bodies are coated with ruthenium, and the bodies are diffusion bonded at the interface formed by adjoining ruthenium coats 22,24.

Abstract: New composites useful for infrared transmitting applications comprise a dispersion of small particles of diamonds in a matrix having infrared transmission properties (from about 1 to at least 10 .mu.m wavelength) and refractive index substantially similar to that of diamond. The composites exhibit mechanical toughness and durability 2-4 times that of the similarly treated matrix alone without adverse effect on optical properties.

Abstract: A composite body for rotary anodes of X-ray tubes is made from graphite, a carbide-forming, high-melting metal component and a multi-layered intermediate layer. The first layer of the intermediate layer closest to the graphite is made up of a metal or an alloy thereof which does not form a carbide. Applied over the first layer are at least two double layers. Each double layer has one individual layer of at least one carbide-forming metal or at least one carbide thereof, and a second individual layer of a metal or an alloy thereof which does not form a carbide. Preferred carbide-forming metals are tungsten, tantalum, hafnium and niobium. Preferred metals which do not form carbides are rhenium and platinum. In a preferred embodiment, the composite body is a rotary anode for X-ray tubes, with a basic body made of graphite and a burning track made of tungsten or a tungsten-rhenium alloy applied directly to the intermediate layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high temperature-resistant composite which consists of at least one part of molybdenum or a molybdenum alloy, and at least one part of graphite, which parts are joined together by means of a zirconium solder. A two-ply interlayer, consisting of a 0.01-0.5 mm thick layer of vanadium, and a 0.1-0.5 mm thick layer of tungsten, tantalum or niobium, is arranged between the part of molybdenum or the molybdenum alloy and the zirconium solder. The layer structure substantially prevents the formation of a eutectic between molybdenum or the molybdenum alloy and the zirconium solder, thereby preventing the reduction of the maximum permissible use temperature of the composite.

Abstract: A multi-layer material comprises at least two layers of flexible material, including one layer based on electrically conductive, expanded recompressed graphite and another layer based on a metal, wherein the layer of graphite has at least one face thereof covered at every point by a layer of metal and in direct electrical contact with the layer of metal, and wherein the layer of metal is obtained by electrodeposition or by chemical deposit of at least one metal on the layer of graphite in such a way that the layer of metal adheres directly to the layer of graphite and closely matches the micro-relief thereof.

Abstract: A solder joint between two surfaces comprising an intermediate composite solder preform, said preform comprising metal coated carbon fibers contained in a metal matrix, said fibers comprising from 2 to 80 percent by volume of the composite, said metal matrix melting at a temperature below 600.degree. C. and containing at least 15 weight percent tin.

Abstract: A magnetic thin film recording disk includes a substrate of a hard electroless plated nickel surface that has been textured to encourage a circular anisotropic orientation of crystal growth during a pass-by sputtering in a continuous production line. A thin film chromium nucleating layer that is substantially free of any oxidation that would affect the recording properties is subsequently deposited, and then a thin film magnetic layer of a cobalt alloy, having a desired circular anisotropic crystal growth, is deposited through the sputtering process. The resulting magnetic thin film recording disk is then coated with a thin film of a carbon protective material.

Abstract: A tool comprising a blank and shank, bonded at a low temperature through a bonding layer of gold formed by thermocompression bonding between the blank and shank is provided which can be used at a high temperature independently of the temperature at which the blank and shank were bonded.

Abstract: A semiconductor device and the method of fabricating the semiconductor device include a semiconductor substrate and a plurality of conductor films formed on the substrate. Each of the conductor films is made of aluminum alloy including at least one element selected from palladium and platinum and, more preferably, further including at least one element selected from lithium, beryllium, magnesium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, lanthanum, cerium, chromium hafnium, zirconium, cadmium, titanium, tungsten, vanadium, tantalum, and niobium, with a protective film which includes oxide of the selected one of palladium and platinum being formed on the side wall of the conductor film.

Abstract: The invention discloses a coated substrate product comprised of a titanium of titanium alloy substrate, at least one thin interlayer composed of a non-reactive noble metal and a hard outer coating selected from the group comprised of a ceramic, a hard metal, a hard metal compound and a diamond-like carbon, wherein at least the non-reactive noble metal interlayer which is immediately adjacent to the titanium or titanium alloy substrate is deposited onto the substrate by means of an electroless plating procedure, and the hard outer coating is deposited onto the non-reactive interlayer(s) by means of known chemical and physical vapor deposition techniques. The invention also discloses a method for making these coated substrate products.

Abstract: A ceramic and metal bonded composite comprising an intermediate metal plate interposed between a ceramic member and a metal member and brazed thereto, the intermediate metal plates carries on its juncture surface a central square projection having substantial area, pins arranged near the four corners and fins between the corners, the central square projection mechanically and thermally couples the ceramic member and the metal member together with the brazing layer and the pins and fins also mechanically and thermally couple the both members together with the brazing layer, while permitting relative displacement between the both members through their plastic deformation, thereby preventing crack generation in the ceramic member.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a magnetic recording medium for a magnetic disk unit or the like and, more particularly, to a magnetic recording medium having its recording layer made of a magnetic alloy film with uniform magnetic characteristics. The present magnetic recording medium comprises a non-magnetic substrate, at least two sputtered layers of chromium thin film having a bow-like columnar structure which chromium thin film is laminated on the substrate, another sputtered layer of a magnetic alloy thin film laminated on the chromium thin film, and a protective layer laminated on the magnetic alloy thin film. The present invention is effective in reducing modulation of regenerative output relatively independent of a texture roughness of the substrate.

Abstract: Composite bodies comprise a metallic member and a ceramic member integrally joined together by joining a projection of the ceramic member to a recess of the metallic member. Their joining strength is improved by substantially limiting brazing metal to an interface between the outer peripheral surface of the projection of the ceramic member and the innner peripheral surface of the recess of the metallic member. The joining strength is also improved by forming a groove around the outer periphery of the metallic member at the joined end. The joining strength is also improved by providing a space or an intermediate member between a tip end surface of the projection and a bottom surface of the recess and attaining the relation: ##EQU1## in which G, L.sub.1, .alpha., .alpha.', T.sub.S and T.sub.

Abstract: Fine-grained and/or equiaxed tungsten and/or rhenium coatings, substantially free from columnar structure, are deposited on substrates (especially graphite) by chemical vapor deposition by directing the flow of reactant gases to the substrate with high velocity and in close proximity thereto, most often at a velocity gradient of at least about 1050 and preferably at least about 2000 cm./cm.-sec. The deposition process is preferably conducted while moving the substrate so as to coat large areas thereof. By this method, tungsten and/or rhenium-coated articles useful as X-ray targets having excellent properties under conditions of rapid temperature cycling may be produced.

Abstract: Disclosed are processes and articles for the preparation of composite electroless coatings which comprise a metal and/or metal alloy, plus particulate matter, the latter having at least two distinct nominal sizes.

Abstract: A cardlike optical recording medium comprises a substrate, a recording layer and a protective layer, wherein an ultra-hard film containing a carbon atom is provided at least on the side of said optical recording medium on which a laser beam for writing-reproducing is irradiated.

Abstract: Cooperating slidable aluminum alloy members comprising first and second slidable aluminum alloy members that have a slide portion and slide surface, respectively, which slide relative to each other. The slide portion of the first slidable aluminum alloy member is being comprised of a fiber-reinforced aluminum alloy. The reinforcement fiber used for the first slidable aluminum alloy member being a mixture of an alumina fiber and a carbon fiber. The slide surface of the second slidable member is provided with a layer of heat resistant synthetic resin in which are dispersed a solid lubricant and an abrasion resistance improving agent.