Abstract: A method of overlaying by a laser beam, comprises the steps of: relatively moving and irradiating a laser beam with respect to a base metal and simultaneously putting an other metal material than the base metal material on the base metal surface; and forming an overlay layer by melting the other metal material, wherein the overlay operation is performed in such a manner that an inclined angle .theta. with respect to the base metal surface of the beginning end portion surface becomes a range of 8.degree.<.theta.<27.degree..

Abstract: A containerless method of producing a crack free metallic article of near-net shape includes melting a filler material into a metallic substrate or seed under conditions chosen to preclude cracking. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a laser beam is operated at a relatively low power density and at a relatively large beam diameter at the substrate surface for an extended length of time to produce a molten pool with a low aspect ratio. Near-net shape is achieved by applying the process in a closed-loop, multi-axis material deposition system.

Abstract: A Co-base alloy including, by weight, 0.03-0.10% C, not more than 1.0% Si, not more than 1.0% Mn, 20-30% Cr, 15-23% Ni, 3-10% W, 5-10% Ta and 0.05-0.7% Zr, is used as a welding material. A gas turbine nozzle has a crack repaired with a multi-layer weld using the Co-base alloy and a gas turbine for power generation employs the nozzle.

Abstract: An entry board for drilling small holes having a front surface layer made of aluminum or aluminum alloy to be disposed at the drilling inlet side and a back surface layer made of aluminum or aluminum alloy to be disposed at the drilling outlet side. The back surface layer is adhered or joined by clad rolling to said front surface layer. The hardness of the front surface layer is smaller than that of the back surface layer.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed for ultrasonically welding at their edges a strip of their copper foil to a second strip of supporting metal, preferably aluminum or stainless steel having a thickness greater than the copper foil. The welded strips are subsequently sheared into panels for use in making printed circuit boards.

Abstract: A laminated material consists of more than three single crystalline layers of a metal or alloy. The layers are joined with one another by diffusion under effects of pressurization and heating in a deoxidative atmosphere. The layers are also conformed within an angular range where crystalline orientations of composition planes of the layers can be directly joined.

Abstract: The coercivity of a magnetic recording medium is increased without any substantial change in magnetic remanence by depositing a fresh non-magnetic sub-underlayer on an underlayer or composite underlayer comprising a plurality of sub-underlayers, and immediately depositing a magnetic layer on the fresh sub-underlayer. In an embodiment of the present invention, a fresh chromium sub-underlayer having a thickness of about 55 .ANG. to about 135 .ANG. is sputter deposited on a chromium underlayer in the magnetic layer deposition chamber, and a cobalt magnetic layer deposited on and within 1.2 seconds after depositing the fresh sub-underlayer.

Abstract: An ion implant process is disclosed for forming an amorphous structure in a semiconductor metallization barrier layer, which barrier may be a pure metal barrier, such as titanium, tantalum, tungsten, or metal compound barrier, such as titanium nitride, or titanium-tungsten. The implant is preferably an ion of the barrier metal being used, which is implanted such that an amorphous (texture-less non-crystalline) layer is produced. Other implant species, such as nitrogen or noble gases, such as neon or argon may also be used. Subsequent deposition of the interconnect metallization (typically Al or Cu) results in an interconnect metal structure having a high degree of texture which is characterized by a very narrow distribution of crystallographic orientations in the Al or Cu film. The highly textured Al or Cu metallization results in optimizing the interconnect metal for maximum electromigration performance.

Abstract: An alloy having an excellent corrosion resistance and workability and being suitable particularly for seamless tubes of the industrial waste incineration boiler. The alloy consists essentially of, in weight %,:______________________________________ up to 0.05% C, up to 0.5% Si, up to 0.5% Mn, up to 0.01% P 20-25% Cr, 8-12% Mo, more than 0.5% and up to 1.0% Nb, more than 15% and up to 20% Fe, up to 0.4% Al, up to 0.1% in total of rare earth metals, up to 0.01% Ca, up to 0.01% Mg, up to 0.01% B, ______________________________________and the balance Ni and incidental impurities, wherein the Fe content and the Nb content are defined so as to satisfy the following formula (a):Fe(%).gtoreq.4.times.Nb(%)+12.

Abstract: A joint of Ti--Al intermetallic compounds, comprising a plurality of base members made of a Ti--Al intermetallic compound and having Ti--Al lamellar grains, and a junction provided between the base members, made of a Ti--Al intermetallic compound and having Ti--Al lamellar grains, wherein some of the lamellar grains of the junction extend into the base members, and some of the lamellar grains of each base member may extend into the junction or pass through the junction into the other base member.

Abstract: A multi-layered bearing having superior load-resistance comprises an aluminium base bearing alloy layer and a backing metal layer. The bearing alloy consists essentially of, by weight, 2-8% zinc, 0.1-8% silicon, 0.1-3% copper, 0.05-3% magnesium and the balance of aluminium. The bearing alloy is subjected to a solution treatment and an artificial aging treatment, and it has a hardness of Hv 70 or greater. The bearing alloy may contain at least one element selected from the following five elements of lead, manganese, vanadium, chromium and nickel, and may further contain strontium and/or titanium and boron. The hardness of the bearing alloy may be Hv 70 or higher by performing solution treatment on a bimetal at a temperature of 400.degree. C. or higher before the plastic working, and further by performing an artificial aging treatment thereon at a temperature of 250.degree. C. or lower.

Abstract: A superconductive article is made from interconnected superconductive, metallic tapes. The tapes are mechanically joined, and electrically interconnected by a plurality of superconductive interconnections that extend between the tapes. Articles of the invention may be formed from tapes comprising superconductive Nb.sub.3 Sn having Nb.sub.3 Sn interconnections.

Abstract: Galvanic degradation under salt spray or salt water conditions in hybrid structures containing a corrosible metal and a conductive-fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite is reduced through the addition to the polymer matrix of the composite of an effective amount of an inorganic corrosion/degradation inhibitor.

Abstract: A semiconductor laser device, and method for making such, having higher operating temperatures than previously available. A semiconductor epitaxial layer is bonding to a cleaving assembly which allows the epitaxial layer to be manipulated without use of traditional substrate forms. The resulting semiconductor laser is bonded to a metal portion which serves as a heat sink for dissipating heat from the active lasing region. The resulting semiconductor lasers can be cooled by thermoelectric cooling modules, thus eliminating the necessity of using more bulky cryogenic systems.

Abstract: A longitudinal magnetic recording medium formed on a non-metallic substrate and a method of forming the medium is disclosed. A sublayer formed of a chromium alloy having a thickness between 3-50 .ANG. is deposited on the substrate, followed by a chromium-based underlayer. A cobalt-based magnetic recording layer is sputtered over the underlayer. The medium is characterized by improved coercivity, HF signal amplitude and signal-to-noise ratio.

Abstract: Currently, fiber/metal laminate sheets are limited in width due to restrictions in the width of thin metal sheets available. This invention solves that problem by providing an integral splice concept and a method for manufacturing a laminate employing the inventive concept. Specifically, a fiber/metal laminate sheet is provided having at least two metal plies and at least one fiber layer. Each of the metal plies comprises at least two metal sheets which are arranged side-by-side and have sheet metal breaks therebetween. All of the sheet metal breaks lie within the integral splice. An important feature of the invention is that the sheet metal breaks in each metal ply are staggered widthwise across the laminate with respect to the sheet metal breaks in the remaining metal plies, in accordance with a predetermined metal break staggering pattern, thereby maximizing the bond engagement of the discontinuous metal plies with the adjacent fiber layers.

Abstract: A method to superplastic form sandwich structures is provided. A series of worksheets are joined together at selected locations through the use of partial penetration welding. The worksheets are subsequently superplastic formed in order to form a sandwich structure. The method allows a different number of worksheets to be used at different points throughout the sandwich structure. This results in a sandwich structure with a different internal reinforcement at different locations in the sandwich structure. In the preferred embodiment, a wing is fabricated from a series of worksheets partial penetration welded together using a laser. The worksheets are superplastic formed to producing a wing with a different internal reinforcement at two or more locations in the wing. The wing includes a pair of double thickness skins that define a major portion of aerodynamically smooth outer surface of the airfoil.

Abstract: A soft magnetic multilayer film is manufactured by an electroplating process using an electrolyte containing metal ions. The soft magnetic multilayer film includes soft magnetic layers composed of elements, and deteriorated-soft magnetic layers composed of the same elements and alternating with the soft magnetic layers. The soft magnetic layers are preferably different in composition from the deteriorated-soft magnetic layers. In addition, it is preferable that the metal ions contained in the electrolyte include at least two of Ni ion, Co ion, and Fe ion.

Abstract: A method of making twin roll cast clad material includes producing a composite material using a liner stock produced by drag casting techniques. The drag cast liner stock can be directly used in a twin roll continuous casting process without additional process steps such as heat treatment, surface cleaning and/or rolling. The drag cast liner stock can be applied to one or both of the surfaces of the twin roll cast material to produce a composite material that is useful in a cast form or can be adapted for reduction by rolling processes or the like. The twin roll cast cladding process can utilize aluminum alloy core and cladding materials to form a brazing sheet from the as-cast composite material.

Abstract: A method to superplastic form sandwich structures is provided. A series of worksheets are joined together at selected locations through the use of partial penetration welding. The worksheets are subsequently superplastic formed in order to form a sandwich structure. The method allows a different number of worksheets to be used at different points throughout the sandwich structure. This results in a sandwich structure with a different internal reinforcement at different locations in the sandwich structure. In the preferred embodiment, a wing is fabricated from a series of worksheets partial penetration welded together using a laser. The worksheets are superplastic formed to producing a wing with a different internal reinforcement at two or more locations in the wing.

Abstract: Refrigeration units such as walk-in coolers and freezers, particularly interlocking insulative panels used in construction of such units. The individual insulative panels are characterized by a densified urethane perimeter and a core of low density insulating urethane abutting the perimeter and held in place by a thin outer skin. The densified urethane perimeters of the panels have a tongue-in-groove configuration, as well as a cam locking means, securing abutting panels together.

Abstract: A method for preparing a ceramic article comprising compacting a particulate including a primary oxide and a secondary oxide to form a blank. The primary oxide is ZrO.sub.2. The secondary oxide is selected from the group consisting of MgO, CaO, Y.sub.2 O.sub.3, Sc.sub.2 O.sub.3, rare earth oxides and combinations thereof. The blank is sintered in contact with oxide selected from the group consisting of MgO, CaO, Y.sub.2 O.sub.3, Sc.sub.2 O.sub.3 and rare earth oxides. The zirconia alloy ceramic articles produced have a cubic phase case and a tetragonal phase core.

Abstract: A thermal barrier coating for metal articles subjected to rapid thermal cycling includes a metallic bond coat deposited on the metal article, at least one MCrAlY/ceramic layer deposited on the bond coat, and a ceramic top layer deposited on the MCrAlY/ceramic layer. The M in the MCrAlY material is Fe, Ni, Co, or a mixture of Ni and Co. The ceramic in the MCrAlY/ceramic layer is mullite or Al.sub.2 O.sub.3. The ceramic top layer includes a ceramic with a coefficient of thermal expansion less than about 5.4.times.10.sup.-6 .degree.C.sup.-1 and a thermal conductivity between about 1 J sec.sup.-1 m.sup.-1 .degree.C.sup.-1 and about 1.7 J sec.sup.-1 m.sup.-1 .degree.C.sup.-1.

Abstract: A composite aluminum plate suitable for making targets for coating processes, and methods for making them are disclosed. The plate comprises a surface layer of pure aluminum or an alloy of pure aluminum, and a supporting layer made of a hardenable aluminum alloy having a Brinell hardness index HB of at least about 50 after being heat-treated under suitable conditions. The targets made are suitable for physical or sputter coating processes such as cathodic sputtering and magnetron sputtering.

Abstract: There is provided a non-single crystalline material characterized by containing Ir, Ta and Al at the following respective composition rates:______________________________________ 28 atom percent .ltoreq. Ir .ltoreq. 90 atom percent, 5 atom percent .ltoreq. Ta .ltoreq. 65 atom percent, and 1 atom percent .ltoreq. Al .ltoreq. 45 atom percent. ______________________________________There is also provided a member comprising a substrate and a film composed of said non-single crystalline material being disposed on said substrate.

Abstract: A method of making a structure having a plurality of serrations on a surface is provided wherein each serration is positioned at a specific location along the surface, has first and second sides with specific lengths, and has effectively zero radius internal and external corners. In detail, the method comprising the steps of: providing a plurality of sheets of material having opposed principal surfaces, each said sheet having a thickness equal to the specific thickness of one of the first sides of the serrations; stacking said plurality of sheets of material in a staggered relationship such that said thicknesses of said sheets of material are in an order corresponding to the order of the first sides of the serrations and the distance between the ends of the adjacent ends of said sheets of material are in an order corresponding to the second sides of the serrations; and joining said stacked plurality of sheets of material together forming a joined stack with at least one end having a serrated surface thereon.

Abstract: A biocompatible titanium alloy with low elastic modulus containing titanium, about 10-20 wt. % or 35 to about 50 wt. % niobium and up to 20 wt. % zirconium useful for fabricating of orthopedic implants. This invention relates generally to high strength, biocompatible alloys suitable for use as a material for a medical prosthetic implant and, in particular, a titanium alloy which has a relatively low modulus of elasticity (e.g. closer to that of bone than other typically-used metal alloys) and does not include any elements which have been shown or suggested as having short term or long term potential adverse effect from a standpoint or biocompatibility.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the pack is torsionally flexible. Pack of laminations comprises laminations which are connected one to another by only a single connection. The single connection is provided by a projection which projects into a depression. The projection has a height which is greater than 50% of the thickness of the lamination and the depression has a depth which is greater than 50% of the thickness of the lamination. The depression and projection are produced by a projection punch which cooperates with a die. The die has a lip which is either radiused (r) or conical (C) and the punch causes the metal of the lamination to be extruded past the lip into the die while the depression is being formed. The radiused or conical lip allows the height of the projection and the depth of the depression to be greater than the normal 50% shear stress fracture depth/height.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composite aluminum plate suitable as a target for coating purposes, said plate comprising a surface layer melted on the basis of pure aluminum (Al.gtoreq.99.99), optionally consisting of a pure alloy, e.g., the members of which have a purity greater than or equal to 99.99%, melted on the basis of pure aluminum (Al.gtoreq.99.99); and (2) a supporting layer comprising a hardenable aluminum alloy having a Brinell hardness index HB of at least about 50 after being heat-treated under suitable conditions. This invention further provides a target suitable for physical or sputter coating processes, such as cathodic sputtering and magnetron sputtering. Methods for preparing such a plate and target are also provided.

Abstract: Coextrusion billets of two or more concentric metallic layers treated by a hot isostatic pressing (HIP) process in order to form a defect-free bondline between the contiguous touching metal layers. The HIP process can also be applied to extruded or further reduced tubes in order to heal bondline defects.

Abstract: A pack assembly for use in hot rolling a material sensitive to heat loss, such as gamma titanium aluminide. The pack assembly has a pair of opposed deformable metal cover plates adjacent opposite outer major surfaces of at least one flat product of the material to be hot rolled positioned between the cover plates. A continuous thermal barrier is positioned between each of the outer major surfaces of each of the cover plates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a magnetic recording medium for a magnetic disk unit or the like and, more particularly, to a magnetic recording medium having its recording layer made of a magnetic alloy film with uniform magnetic characteristics. The present magnetic recording medium comprises a non-magnetic substrate, at least two sputtered layers of chromium thin film having a bow-like columnar structure which chromium thin film is laminated on the substrate, another sputtered layer of a magnetic alloy thin film laminated on the chromium thin film, and a protective layer laminated on the magnetic alloy thin film. The present invention is effective in reducing modulation of regenerative output relatively independent of a texture roughness of the substrate.

Abstract: A thin film noble metal temperature sensor includes adjacent layers of metals and metal oxides on the surface of a component. The most preferred sequence of layers are: a NiCoCrAlY layer applied directly to the component surface; a thermally grown aluminum oxide layer on the NiCoCrAly layer; a sputtered layer of aluminum oxide on the thermally grown layer of aluminum oxide; a FeCrAl layer on the sputtered aluminum oxide layer; and layer of platinum and platinum-rhodium on the FeCrAl layer.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a flat form from blended metallic powder including a major constituent by weight having a high melting point and a minor constituent by weiht having a substantially lower melting point includes selection of the powder to provide continuous and reproducible compacted flat forms. Powder is selected on the basis of compressibility and flowability. The selected powder is compacted to a flat green form and then liquid phase sintered. The flat form may be stacked to provide a flat article of a desired thickness which will result in a monolithic or composite cross section when subsequently sintered. Liquid phase sintering is carried out in a manner designed to avoid undesirable embrittlement and to provide a uniform microstructure in the fully consolidated article. The process is especially useful in the production of tungsten heavy alloy plate.

Abstract: An optical recording medium comprising a substrate, an optomagnetic recording layer made of a magnetic film where information can be recorded and reproduced by irradiation with a light beam, and an optical recording layer which can be modified in optical properties to form guide tracks when information is recorded in or reproduced from the optomagnetic recording layer.

Abstract: A perpendicular magnetic recording medium comprises a recording medium base, a low coercivity layer formed on the recording medium base and having a low coercivity in an in-plane direction thereof, and a high coercivity layer formed on the low coercivity layer and having a high coercivity in a direction perpendicular to a surface of the low coercivity layer. The low coercivity layer and the high coercivity layer are formed from the same magnetic material and constitute a magnetic layer. A method of manufacturing this perpendicular magnetic recording medium comprises a single magnetic layer forming process of successively and continuously forming the low coercivity layer and the high coercivity layer on the recording medium base by using the same magnetic material as a depositing material.

Abstract: It is disclosed that a metal cored board which comprises a base metal core, an easily solderable metal plating layer formed on one surface of the base metal core, an electrically insulating layer formed on the another surface of the base metal core, and an electrically conductive metal layer formed on the electrically insulating layer, a method for manufacturing a metal cored board, which comprises a step to plate both surface of a base metal core with an easily solderable metal, a step to form an electrically insulating layer on one surface of the easily solderable metal plating layer, and a step to form an electrically conductive metal layer on the electrically insulating layer.

Abstract: A security label comprised of at least two magnetically soft materials having different coercivities but similar thresholds of magnetic saturation.

Abstract: A matrix for magnetic separators which comprises wire or ribbon of a crystalline magnetic alloy having a fine-grained structure and a supersaturated solid solution structure.

Abstract: An iron core for a stationary induction apparatus, such as a transformer or reactor, comprising an alternate laminate of thin amorphous magnetic strips (21a to 21d) and silicon steel sheets (11a to 11d). It is low in electrical loss, and high in workability.

Abstract: Aluminum alloy composite materials for brazed heat exchangers are described, which comprise an Al core alloy essentially consisting of predetermined amounts of Si, Mg, Cu and at least one element selected from Mn, Cr and Zr, the balance being Al and inevitable impurities, and an Al alloy clad layer formed on one side of the core alloy which is in contact with an aqueous heat transfer medium. The clad layer has a thickness 3-20% based on the thickness of the composite material and a less-noble corrosion potential of 20-100 mV than the core alloy. A filler alloy may be formed on the other side of the core alloy.

Abstract: In making reflection mirrors for optics, a technique is provided for making up a reflection mirror not of a glass-system material but of metallic material, and a method for high-precision mirror-machining of a metal plate is also disclosed.

Abstract: A number of metal cores especially suitable for use in an electrical induction device such as a transformer are disclosed herein along with respective methods of making these cores. In accordance with each of these methods, the appropriate metal material is initially provided and thereafter formed into an unsolidified, preliminary shape. Thereafter, while the material is in its preliminary shape, it is densified, preferably by means of explosion bonding, whereby to improve its permeability and saturation field characteristics. In one embodiment, a metal material is initially provided as a continuous strip. In another embodiment, the metal material is initially provided as a number of plates and still in another, preferred embodiment, amorphous metal particulate material is utilized. In this latter embodiment, the orientation of the particulate material is controlled to further improve the permeability and saturation field characteristics of the ultimately formed core.

Abstract: A copper alloy welding filler for use in arc welding copper to produce sound welds with good mechanical strength and high electrical conductivity is disclosed. The filler consists essentially of a zirconium-boron copper alloy filler metal wherein the concentration ratio of zirconium to boron is at least about 4 to 1; the minimum concentration of boron is about 300 PPM; and the concentration of zirconium is a maximum of about 6000 PPM. The minimum level of about 300 PPM boron on a weight basis eliminates porosity in the weld; while zirconium below about 6000 PPM is effective to eliminate weld cracking without having a detrimental effect on the electrical conductivity.

Abstract: Coatings for iron-, nickel- and cobalt-base superalloys and the resulting coated components having good high temperature oxidation resistance. The coatings consist essentially of, by weight, 5% to 50% chromium, 3% to 30% aluminum, 0.01% to 15% tantalum, up to 10% manganese, up to 5% tungsten, up to 12% silicon, up to 10% hafnium, up to 5% reactive metal from the group consisting of lanthanum, yttrium, and other rare earth elements, up to 5% of rare earth and/or refractory metal oxide particles, and the balance selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt and iron, and combinations thereof. Additions of titanium up to 5% and noble metals up to 15% are also contemplated.

Abstract: A base plate for magnetic recording disc is produced by coating thin metal layers containing no impurities for forming defects by an anodizing treatment on one or both sides of a discoid substrate made of a metal such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy or from a plastic by a dry process, and anodizing the thin metal layers so as to form anodized film from the surfaces of the thin metal layers to a certain depth while the portions contacting to the substrate are retained not anodized.

Abstract: There are provided fiber reinforced structures formed of one or more layers of reinforcing fibers contained in an electroformed, superplastic, nickel-cobalt matrix.

Abstract: An article of improved wear characteristics and composed of a relatively low wear resistant base metal coated by a particulate refractory metal having a melting point of at least 1490.degree. C. deposited within the near-surface region thereof comprising a base metal or alloy of relatively low wear resistance, a refractory metal deposited within said near-surface region, said refractory metal being selectively deposited in the form of discrete particles, and the particles being idiomorphic or blocky or equiaxial or spheroidal or acicular or dendritic and a plurality of these particles having dimensions of less than 10 micrometers, a plurality of the particles being contiguous to form clusters of the particles that are spaced from each other. The clusters of particles may form microscopic regions of refractory metal which in turn may produce macroscopic regions of refractory metal having the appearance of a continuous coating.

Abstract: A film type light receiving element and a method for producing such an element in which the electric current ratio for light and dark input intensities is large while the resistance of an optically transmissive electrode is made low. Belt-shaped metal electrodes and a photoconductive film are provided on a smooth surface of an insulating substrate. The optically transmissive electrode film layer is formed on the photoconductive film. A portion of the optically transmissive electrode film adjacent the photoconductive film has a high specific resistance while the remaining portion has a low specific resistance. To form the portion having a low specific resistance, the film is formed by sputtering in an oxygen partial pressure close to a value at which a minimum specific resistance is obtained while to form the portion having a high specific resistance, the oxygen partial pressure is set to a value higher than the value at which the minimum specific resistance is obtained.

Abstract: Disclosed are processes and articles for composite electroless coatings comprising at least two distinct layers, the first layer comprising a metal and/or a metal alloy plus particulate matter and the second layer comprising a metal and/or a metal alloy and being substantially free of particulate matter.