Abstract: A composite positive electrode active material, the positive electrode active material including: a first metal oxide having a layered structure; and a second metal oxide having a spinel structure, wherein second metal oxide is represented by Formula 1, and wherein the first metal oxide and the second metal oxide form a composite: Li2M1(1+a)Mn(3?a)O8??Formula 1 wherein, in Formula 1, ?1<a<1; and M1 is at least one element selected from Groups 4 to 10, 13, and 14 of the Periodic Table, and wherein M1 is not Mn. Also a positive electrode including the composite positive electrode active material, and a lithium battery including the positive electrode.

Abstract: The positive electrode active material for use in a lithium ion secondary cell disclosed herein includes: a base portion formed of a lithium transition metal complex oxide capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions; and a coating portion formed on at least part of a surface of the base portion, the coating portion being formed of an electrically conductive oxide with a perovskite structure including, as constituent elements, cobalt and at least one of manganese and nickel.

Abstract: An olivine structured nano-composite LiMxMn1?xPO4/C was synthesized by a sol-gel assisted high energy ball mill method and the synthesis method does not require any inert atmosphere. Electrochemical cycling studies were carried out between 3.0-4.6V using 1M LiPF6 in 1:1 EC/DEC as electrolyte. The charge/discharge cycling studies of the nano-composite exhibit an average discharge capacity of 158 mAh/g at 0.1 C rate over the investigated 50 cycles.

Abstract: The conductivity of a zinc negative electrode is enhanced through use of surfactant-coated carbon fibers. Carbon fibers, along with other active materials such as bismuth oxide, zinc etc., form an electronically conductive matrix in zinc negative electrodes. Zinc negative electrodes as described herein are particularly useful in nickel zinc secondary batteries.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrode material comprising a phthalocyanine compound encapsulated by a protective material, preferably in a core-shell structure with a phthalocyanine compound core and a protective material shell. Also disclosed is a rechargeable lithium cell comprising: (a) an anode; (b) a cathode comprising an encapsulated or protected phthalocyanine compound as a cathode active material; and (c) a porous separator disposed between the anode and the cathode and/or an electrolyte in ionic contact with the anode and the cathode. This secondary cell exhibits a long cycle life, the best cathode specific capacity, and best cell-level specific energy of all rechargeable lithium-ion cells ever reported.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel electrodes containing one or more active materials comprising: AaM1vM2wM3xM4YM5zO2?C(Formula 1) wherein A comprises either sodium or a mixed alkali metal in which sodium is the constituent; M1 is nickel in oxidation state less than or equal to 4+, M2 comprises a metal in oxidation state less than or equal to 4+, M3 comprises a metal in oxidation state 2+, M4 comprises a metal in oxidation state less than or equal to 4+, and M5 comprises a metal in oxidation state 3+ wherein 0?a?1 v>0 at least one of w and y is >0 x?0 z?0 c>0.1 where (a, v, w, x, y, z and c) are chosen to maintain electroneutrality. Such materials are useful, for example, as electrode materials in sodium-ion battery applications.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to form biocompatible energization elements are described. In some examples, the methods and apparatus to form the biocompatible energization elements involve forming cavities comprising active cathode chemistry and depositing separators within a laminate structure of the battery. The active elements of the cathode and anode are sealed with a laminate stack of biocompatible material. In some examples, a field of use for the methods and apparatus may include any biocompatible device or product that requires energization elements.

Abstract: Provided are a cathode active material with excellent high-temperature life that suppresses the elution of metal elements from the cathode active metal and the generation of different phase therein and exhibits a high potential, as well as a high-voltage lithium ion battery that achieves excellent high-temperature life by applying such a cathode active material. The cathode active material for a lithium ion battery is represented by a compositional formula LiaNixMnyMzO4-?F? (where M is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Ti, Ge, Mg, Co, Fe, Cu, and Al, and a, x, y, z, and ? satisfy the following formulas: 1?a<1.08, 0.4?x<0.5, 0<z?0.3, a+x+y+z=3, and 0<??0.2).

Abstract: Disclosed is a sodium secondary battery. The sodium secondary battery comprises a first electrode and a second electrode comprising a carbonaceous material. The carbonaceous material satisfies one or more requirements selected from the group consisting of requirements 1, 2, 3 and 4. Requirement 1: R value (=ID/IG) obtained by Raman spectroscopic measurement is 1.07 to 3. Requirement 2: A value and ?A value obtained by small angle X-ray scattering measurement are ?0.5 to 0 and 0 to 0.010, respectively. Requirement 3: for an electrode comprising an electrode mixture obtained by mixing 85 parts by weight of the carbonaceous material with 15 parts by weight of poly(vinylidene fluoride), the carbonaceous material in the electrode after being doped and dedoped with sodium ions is substantially free from pores having a size of not less than 10 nm. Requirement 4: Q1 value obtained by a calorimetric differential thermal analysis is not more than 800 joules/g.

Abstract: Provided is a method whereby metal oxide nanoparticles having evenness of size are efficiently and highly dispersedly adhered to conductive carbon powder.

Abstract: An aspect of the present invention is an electrical device, where the device includes a current collector and a porous active layer electrically connected to the current collector to form an electrode. The porous active layer includes MgBx particles, where x?1, mixed with a conductive additive and a binder additive to form empty interstitial spaces between the MgBx particles, the conductive additive, and the binder additive. The MgBx particles include a plurality of boron sheets of boron atoms covalently bound together, with a plurality of magnesium atoms reversibly intercalated between the boron sheets and ionically bound to the boron atoms.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a nonaqueous electrolyte. The negative electrode contains a lithium compound and a negative electrode current collector supporting the lithium compound. A log differential intrusion curve obtained when a pore size diameter of the negative electrode is measured by mercury porosimetry has a peak in a pore size diameter range of 0.03 to 0.2 ?m and attenuates with a decrease in pore size diameter from an apex of the peak. A specific surface area (excluding a weight of the negative electrode current collector) of pores of the negative electrode found by mercury porosimetry is 6 to 100 m2/g. A ratio of a volume of pores having a pore size diameter of 0.05 ?m or less to a total pore volume is 20% or more.

Abstract: To increase the amount of lithium ions that can be received in and released from a positive electrode active material to achieve high capacity and high energy density of a secondary battery. A lithium manganese oxide particle includes a first region and a second region. The valence number of manganese in the first region is lower than the valence number of manganese in the second region. The lithium manganese oxide has high structural stability and high capacity characteristics.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of producing a cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery, whereby it is possible to configure a lithium secondary battery in which the discharge capacity is improved and elution of lithium ions from the lithium metal phosphate is suppressed when washing the lithium metal phosphate after the same was synthesized. The method of producing a cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery includes synthesizing a lithium metal phosphate represented by a composition formula LiMPO4, wherein the element M represents one or two or more of transition metals selected from among Fe, Mn, Co and Ni, and after the synthesis, washing the lithium metal phosphate with a washing liquid containing lithium ion.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte battery includes: a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a nonaqueous electrolyte, wherein the positive electrode contains, as a positive electrode active material, a positive electrode material having a surface composition represented by the following formula (I); the nonaqueous electrolyte contains a halogenated carbonate represented by any of the following formulae (1) to (2) and an alkylbenzene represented by the following formula (3); a content of the halogenated carbonate is 0.1% by mass or more and not more than 50% by mass relative to the nonaqueous electrolyte; and a content of the alkylbenzene is 0.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a graphene-nanoparticle composite having a structure in which nanoparticles are crystallized at a high density in a carbon-based material, for example, graphene, and, more particularly, to a graphene-nanoparticle composite capable of remarkably improving physical properties such as contact characteristics between basal planes of graphene and conductivity since nanoparticles are included as a large amount of 20 to 50% by weight, based on 100% by weight of graphene, and a method of preparing the same.

Abstract: Platinum or platinum group metal decorated non-oxide materials that are formed using a synthesis pathway that avoids the production of intermediate oxides. The materials are suitable for use as catalysts and may or may not be porous.

Abstract: The disclosure is related to battery systems. More specifically, embodiments of the disclosure provide a nanostructured conversion material for use as the active material in battery cathodes. In an implementation, a nanostructured conversion material is a glassy material and includes a metal material, one or more oxidizing species, and a reducing cation species mixed at a scale of less than 1 nm. The glassy conversion material is substantially homogeneous within a volume of 1000 nm3.

Abstract: A fuel cell includes: (1) an anode; (2) a cathode; and (3) an electrolyte disposed between the anode and the cathode. At least one of the anode and the cathode includes an electro-catalyst dispersed on a hybrid support, the hybrid support includes a first, carbon-based support and a second support different from the first, carbon-based support, and a weight percentage of the second support is at least 10% relative to a combined weight of the first, carbon-based support and the second support.

Abstract: Provided is a lithium secondary battery having improved discharge characteristics in a range of high-rate discharge while minimizing a dead volume and at the same time, having increased cell capacity via increased electrode density and electrode loading amounts, by inclusion of two or more active materials having different redox levels so as to exert superior discharge characteristics in the range of high-rate discharge via sequential action of cathode active materials in a discharge process, and preferably having different particle diameters.

Abstract: An electrochemically active material comprising a mixture or blend of two groups of particles, exhibits synergetic effect. The two groups of particles are compounds of formula LixHyV3O8 and compounds of formula LixMyPO4 wherein M is one or more transition metals, comprising at least one metal which is capable of undergoing oxidation to a higher valence state. In order to obtain a synergistic effect, the particles of formula (I) and the particles of formule (II) are present in amounts of 5:95% by weight to 95:5% by weight.

Abstract: A lithium transition metal oxide powder for use in a rechargeable battery is disclosed, where the surface of the primary particles of said powder is coated with a first inner and a second outer layer, the second outer layer comprising a fluorine-containing polymer, and the first inner layer consisting of a reaction product of the fluorine-containing polymer and the primary particle surface. An example of this reaction product is LiF, where the lithium originates from the primary particles surface. Also as an example, the fluorine-containing polymer is either one of PVDF, PVDF-HFP or PTFE.

Abstract: Novel materials having high surface area rendering them suitable for a variety of applications including, but not limited to: catalysts for methane reforming; ammonia synthesis; alcohol synthesis from syngas; hydrodesulfurization; electrocatalysis for hydrogen evolution reaction; and as corrosion-resistant supports for platinum in PEM fuel cells. In general the method comprises the formation of a high-surface area refractory metal-based material using a novel synthesis pathway that avoids the production of intermediate oxide. The method may include the in situ formation of a sacrificial support that can be removed using non-aggressive means, such as, for example, chemical etching with a mild acid or by altering reaction conditions.

Abstract: In some embodiments, the present disclosure pertains to methods of forming electrodes on a surface. In some embodiments, the formed electrodes have a three-dimensional current collector layer. In some embodiments, the present disclosure pertains to the formed electrodes. In some embodiments, the present disclosure pertains to energy storage devices that contain the formed electrodes.

Abstract: Occlusion and release of lithium ion are likely to one-dimensionally occur in the b-axis direction of a crystal in a lithium-containing composite oxide having an olivine structure. Thus, a positive electrode in which the b-axes of lithium-containing composite oxide single crystals are oriented vertically to a surface of a positive electrode current collector is provided. The lithium-containing composite oxide particles are mixed with graphene oxide and then pressure is applied thereto, whereby the rectangular parallelepiped or substantially rectangular parallelepiped particles are likely to slip. In addition, in the case where the rectangular parallelepiped or substantially rectangular parallelepiped particles whose length in the b-axis direction is shorter than those in the a-axis direction and the c-axis direction are used, when pressure is applied in one direction, the b-axes can be oriented in the one direction.

Abstract: Disclosed is a sodium-ion secondary battery having excellent charge and discharge efficiencies as well as excellent charge and discharge characteristics, wherein charging and discharging can be repeated without causing problems such as deterioration in battery performance. Specifically disclosed is a sodium ion secondary battery which is provided with a positive electrode, a negative electrode having a negative electrode active material, and a nonaqueous electrolyte solution containing a nonaqueous solvent. The nonaqueous solvent is substantially composed of a saturated cyclic carbonate (excluding the use of ethylene carbonate by itself), or a mixed solvent of a saturated cyclic carbonate and a chain carbonate, and a hard carbon is used as the negative electrode active material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery. The manufacturing method according to the present invention is characterized by including: (1) an intermediate generation process, wherein an intermediate which is powder or a shaped object containing the first material compound which is a compound of the transition metal other than lithium, which constitutes said lithium composite oxide, is generated, (2) a lithium source compound addition process, wherein the second material compound which is a lithium compound is added so that the second material compound in the shape of film may adhere to the surface of said intermediate, and (3) a sintering process, wherein lithium composite oxide is generated by sintering said intermediate in the state where said second material compound has adhered to its surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to positive electrode active substance particles for lithium ion batteries, comprising lithium manganate particles comprising Li and Mn as main components and having a cubic spinel structure (Fd-3m), wherein primary particles of the positive electrode active substance have a dodecahedral or higher-polyhedral shape in which none of crystal planes equivalent to the (111) plane are located adjacent to each other, and flat crystal planes are crossed with each other to form a clear ridge, and an average primary particle diameter of the primary particles is not less than 1 ?m and not more than 20 ?m. The positive electrode active substance particles according to the present invention are excellent in packing property, load characteristics and high-temperature stability.

Abstract: An anode active material for a lithium secondary battery and a lithium secondary battery having the same are disclosed. The anode active material for a lithium secondary battery includes a silicon alloy consisting of silicon and at least two kinds of metals other than silicon, each having the heat of mixing with the silicon of ?23 kJ/mol or less. The anode active material for a lithium secondary battery has a high capacity, and thus, is useful in fabricating a high-capacity lithium secondary battery. Also, the anode active material for a lithium secondary battery has a small crystal size of a silicon phase and consequently a small change in volume during charging/discharging, and thus, ensures excellent cycle life characteristics in applications to batteries.

Abstract: A primary battery includes a cathode having a non-stoichiometric metal oxide including transition metals Ni, Mn, Co, or a combination of metal atoms, an alkali metal, and hydrogen; an anode; a separator between the cathode and the anode; and an alkaline electrolyte.

Abstract: Provided is a positive electrode active material for lithium ion batteries, which may be in the form of fine particles with good crystallinity and high purity by suppressing grain growth, and which is capable of improving the charge and discharge capacity and high-rate characteristics, a production method thereof, an electrode for lithium ion batteries, and a lithium ion battery. The positive electrode active material for lithium ion batteries of the invention is a positive electrode active material for lithium ion batteries which are formed from LiMPO4 (provided that, M represents one or more kinds selected from a group consisting of Mn, Co, and Ni). In an X-ray diffraction pattern, a ratio I(020)/I(200) of the X-ray intensity I(020) of a (020) plane around a diffraction angle 2? of 29° to the X-ray intensity I(200) of a (200) plane around a diffraction angle 2? of 17° is 3.00 to 5.00, and a specific surface area is 15 m2/g to 50 m2/g.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of porous structures comprising sulfur in electrochemical cells. Such materials may be useful, for example, in forming one or more electrodes in an electrochemical cell. For example, the systems and methods described herein may comprise the use of an electrode comprising a conductive porous support structure and a plurality of particles comprising sulfur (e.g., as an active species) substantially contained within the pores of the support structure. The inventors have unexpectedly discovered that, in some embodiments, the sizes of the pores within the porous support structure and/or the sizes of the particles within the pores can be tailored such that the contact between the electrolyte and the sulfur is enhanced, while the electrical conductivity and structural integrity of the electrode are maintained at sufficiently high levels to allow for effective operation of the cell.

Abstract: The invention relates to a lithium manganese phosphate/carbon nanocomposite as cathode material for rechargeable electrochemical cells with the general formula LixMnyM1-y(PO4)z/C where M is at least one other metal such as Fe, Ni, Co, Cr, V, Mg, Ca, Al, B, Zn, Cu, Nb, Ti, Zr, La, Ce, Y, x=0.8-1.1, y=0.5-1.0, 0.9<z<1.1, with a carbon content of 0.5 to 20% by weight, characterized by the fact that it is obtained by milling of suitable precursors of LixMnyM1-y(PO4)z with electro-conductive carbon black having a specific surface area of at least 80 m2/g or with graphite having a specific surface area of at least 9.5 m2/g or with activated carbon having a specific surface area of at least 200 m2/g. The invention also concerns a process for manufacturing said nanocomposite.

Abstract: A lithium ion battery cathode material, and an electrode prepared from such material, is described. The cathode material has a layered-spinel composite structure. The lithium ion battery operates at a high voltage (i.e. up to about 5 V) and has a desirably high cycling performance and rate capability.

Abstract: The present invention relates to sodium oxygen cells comprising (A) at least one anode comprising sodium, (B) at least one gas diffusion electrode comprising at least one porous support, and (C) a liquid electrolyte comprising at least one aprotic glycol diether with a molecular weight Mn of not more than 350 g/mol. The present invention further relates to the use of the invention sodium oxygen cells and to a process for preparing sodium supperoxide of formula NaO2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery, a method for preparing the same, and a lithium secondary battery including the same, and provides a cathode active material including: a lithium manganese-excess layered structure composite oxide represented by Formula Li[Lix-z(NiaCobMnc)1-x]O2-yFy (here, a+b+c=1, 0.05?x?0.33, 0?y?0.08, and 0<z?0.05); a metal fluoride coating layer coated on a surface of the composite oxide; and a metal phosphate coating layer coated on the metal fluoride coating layer.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure are directed to electrodes and implementations such as batteries. As may be implemented in accordance with one or more embodiments, an apparatus includes a nanocarbon substrate having at least one of graphene and carbon nanotubes, and a hybrid electrode including a cobalt oxide/carbon nanotube (CoO/CNT) catalyst and a Ni—Fe-layered double hydride (LDH) catalyst. The catalysts and substrate facilitate transfer of charge carriers. Various aspects are directed to a battery type device having an anode and a single or split cathode with the respective catalysts on the cathode to facilitate oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions for discharging and charging the battery type device.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrolyte battery electrode component having a layer having a surface adjoined by electrolyte in the battery and provided with a fluid-conducting channel structure. In this context, it is envisaged that through the fluid-conducting structure has channels having channel depths in the range from 10 to 200 ?m and/or at least 50% of the thickness of the active layer.

Abstract: Described in this disclosure is a battery retention device which may include an integral gasket configured to provide an interface between a portion of a battery compartment and a circuit board. The battery retention device may comprise an elastomeric material and one or more retention features configured to prevent Euler buckling in batteries positioned in tandem with one another.

Abstract: A mixed oxide containing a) a mixed-substituted lithium manganese spinel in which some of the manganese lattice sites are occupied by lithium ions and b) a boron-oxygen compound. Furthermore, a process for its preparation and the use of the mixed oxide as electrode material for lithium ion batteries.

Abstract: This invention provides batteries with improved calendar and cycle lifetimes. A rechargeable battery comprises an additional electrode that includes active ions, such as lithium ions. Cell capacity of the battery can be increased by supplying these active ions to the anode or the cathode. In some variations, this invention provides a lithium-ion battery comprising an anode, a cathode, an electrolyte, and an additional lithium-containing electrode, wherein the additional lithium-containing electrode is capable of supplying lithium ions to the anode or the cathode in the presence of an electrical current.

Abstract: A lithium ion secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolytic solution. The positive electrode contains a lithium composite oxide. The negative electrode contains a material including at least one of silicon Si and tin Sn as a constituent element. The lithium composite oxide includes lithium Li having a composition ratio a, a first element having a composition ratio b, and a second element having a composition ratio c as a constituent element. The first element including two kinds or more selected from among manganese Mn, nickel Ni, and cobalt Co, and including at least manganese. The second element including at least one kind selected from among aluminum Al, titanium Ti, magnesium Mg, and boron B. The composition ratios a to c satisfy the relationships of 1.1<a<1.3, 0.7<b+c<1.1, 0<c<0.1, and a>b+c.

Abstract: Graphene based materials are provided in connection with various devices and methods of manufacturing. As consistent with one or more embodiments, an apparatus includes a graphene sheet and a single-crystal structure grown on the graphene sheet, with the graphene sheet and single-crystalline structure functioning as an electrode terminal. In various embodiments, the single-crystalline structure is grown on a graphene sheet, such as by using precursor particles to form nanoparticles at the distributed locations, and diffusing and recrystallizing the nanoparticles to form the single-crystal structure.

Abstract: Nanocarbon-based materials are provided in connection with various devices and methods of manufacturing. As consistent with one or more embodiments, an apparatus includes a nanocarbon structure having inorganic particles covalently bonded thereto. The resulting hybrid structure functions as a circuit node such as an electrode terminal. In various embodiments, the hybrid structure includes two or more electrodes, at least one of which including the nanocarbon structure with inorganic particles covalently bonded thereto.

Abstract: A compound of formula Lia+y(M1(1?t)Mot)2M2b(O1?xF2x)c wherein: M1 is selected from the group consisting in Ni, Mn, Co, Fe, V or a mixture thereof; M2 is selected from the group consisting in B, Al, Si, P, Ti, Mo; with 4?a?6; 0<b?1.8; 3.8?c?14; 0?x<1; ?0.5?y?0.5; 0?t?0.9; b/a<0.45; the coefficient c satisfying one of the following relationships: c=4+y/2+z+2t+1.5b if M2 is selected from B and Al; c=4+y/2+z+2t+2b if M2 is selected from Si, Ti and Mo; c=4+y/2+z+2t+2.5b if M2 is P; with z=0 if M1 is selected from Ni, Mn, Co, Fe and z=1 if M1 is V.

Abstract: The invention provides electrolytic a manganese dioxide with a BET specific surface area of 20 to 60 m2/g, and a volume of at least 0.023 cm3/g for pores with pore diameters of 2 to 200 nm. Also provided is a method for producing an electrolytic manganese dioxide including a step of suspending a manganese oxide in a sulfuric acid-manganese sulfate mixed solution to obtain the electrolytic manganese dioxide, wherein a manganese oxide particles are continuously mixed with a sulfuric acid-manganese sulfate mixed solution, for a manganese oxide particle concentration of 5 to 200 mg/L in the sulfuric acid-manganese sulfate mixed solution. Still further provided is a method for producing a lithium-manganese complex oxide, including a step of mixing the electrolytic manganese dioxide with a lithium compound and heat treating the mixture to obtain a lithium-manganese complex oxide.

Abstract: In an alkaline battery in which a positive electrode 2 containing manganese dioxide, a negative electrode 3, and a separator 4 interposed therebetween are housed in a closed-end cylindrical battery case 1 whose opening is sealed with a gasket 5, a half-width of a 110 plane peak of the manganese dioxide measured by a powder X-ray diffraction analysis is in the range of 1.80-2.40 degrees, and anatase titanium dioxide is contained in the positive electrode such that a ratio of anatase titanium dioxide to the positive electrode is in the range of 0.10-1.50 mass %.

Abstract: A rechargeable lithium battery that includes a negative electrode including a negative active material; a positive electrode including polyacrylonitrile and a positive active material which is capable of fully charging at about 4.3V or more; and a non-aqueous electrolyte.

Abstract: A method for preparing a spinel type lithium manganese oxide cathode active material, includes providing a number of manganese dioxide hollow spheres and a lithium source powder, mixing the manganese dioxide hollow spheres and the lithium source powder in a liquid medium to achieve a mixture, drying the mixture to remove the liquid medium to achieve a precursor, and sintering the precursor at a sintering temperature of about 600° C. to about 800° C. for about 3 hours to about 10 hours, to achieve a number of spinel type lithium manganese oxide hollow spheres.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment of a synthesis method includes the following acts or steps: providing LiMn2O4 material as a precursor; leaching Mn from the LiMn2O4 material using an acid to form a synthesized solution; adding carbonaceous material to the synthesized solution; adding phosphoric acid to the synthesized solution with carbonaceous material to form MnPO4 composite material; and adding Li containing compound to the MnPO4 composite material to form LiMnPO4 composite material.