Abstract: A non-gassing storage battery wherein oxygen is reduced at the negative electrodes submerged in the electrolyte. The storage battery consists of positive and negative electrodes separated from one another by separators, and of a liquid acidic or alkaline electrolyte. The separators are gas-permeable and have at least the upper peripheral region consisting of a micro-porous and gas-impermeable material in order to prevent escape of the oxygen into the gas chamber. The storage battery can be used primarily as a high performance storage battery, for example, as a starter battery in motor vehicles.

Abstract: An improved electrolyte absorber for alkaline battery cells has low resistance to electrolyte ion transfer and can hold alkaline electrolyte in contact with an electrode during chemical reactions of the cell. The absorber is formed by depositing an improved wetting compositions to a polyolefin substrate. The substrate, preferably, is a fibrous and porous melt blown thermoplastic web made up of a plurality of physically entangled microfibers, resistant to strong alkali and oxidation. The wetting composition which is deposited over and adhered to external surfaces of said microfibers is comprised of a substantially homogeneous admixture of a polymeric binder, inert hydrophilic filler particles and a phosphate ester wetting agent. Portions of the filler particles in the composition protrude through the binder and are exposed in random distribution. When the absorber is immersed in electrolyte, the phosphate ester wetting agent reacts with the electrolyte to lower the surface tension thereof.

Abstract: An interelectrode separator for a secondary zinc alkaline battery comprising talc platelets in a fibrillated polytetrafluoroethylene binder with or without calcium acetate, calcium formate or zirconyl acetate and a method of making same. As little as 45% by weight talc may be used in separators containing calcium or zirconium salts.

Abstract: A separator for use in an alkaline battery having a zinc electrode wherein the separator comprises a polyamide constituent, a wettable polymeric constituent and a filler material reactive with zinc.

Abstract: A battery separator is provided that has 30-70% polyolefin synthetic pulp, 15-65% siliceous filler and 1-35% by weight of long fibers having lengths of between 1/4 and 1 inch. The long fibers may be polyester fibers or glass fibers or a mixture. Cellulose may be included in an amount up to about 10%.A process for forming the battery separator is also revealed using standard paper making equipment but employing ionic copolymers containing acrylamide in cationic and anionic combination to give good affinity of the siliceous material and polyolefin. Alum and other processing aids are also included as are other procedural steps such as pressing the web.

Abstract: A high pressure, low porosity wet seal for a substrate in a fuel cell in which the seal is made up of a granular material having a particle size varying from 10 to 0.1 microns in size bonded together with polytetrafluoroethylene to prevent leakage of the gaseous fuel or oxidant from the cell.

Abstract: A synthetic pulp separator for a lead acid battery, the separator having two or more plies and a ribbed profile the surface adapted to face the positive having a higher content of synthetic pulp than the other surface.

Abstract: As an article of manufacture, a microporous flexible shape or sheet of a sulfur-free, cured polymeric material of a curable rubber, an ethylene-propylene copolymer or mixtures of the curable rubber and ethylene-propylene copolymer; the article possesses an average pore size of less than 2 microns, a predetermined flexibility, and improved toughness, when compared to prior art sulfur cured articles.

Abstract: An improved battery separator for alkaline battery cells has low resistance to electrolyte ion transfer and high resistance to electrode ion transfer. The separator is formed by applying an improved coating to an electrolyte absorber. The absorber, preferably, is a flexible, fibrous, and porous substrate that is resistant to strong alkali and oxidation. The coating composition includes an admixture of a polymeric binder, a hydrolyzable polymeric ester and inert fillers. The coating composition is substantially free of reactive fillers and plasticizers commonly employed as porosity promoting agents in separator coatings. When the separator is immersed in electrolyte, the polymeric ester of the film coating reacts with the electrolyte forming a salt and an alcohol. The alcohol goes into solution with the electrolyte while the salt imbibes electrolyte into the coating composition.

Abstract: The invention disclosed relates to a novel paper composition for use as a separator material in electrical batteries. The paper composition 30-50%/w of glass fibers and 70-59%/w of a co-polymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate.

Abstract: Separators for storage batteries, particularly separators for sealed lead-acid storage batteries, comprise glass fibers entangled in the shape of a sheet without the use of a binder, a first portion being glass fibers having a fiber diameter smaller than 1 micron and a second portion being glass fibers having a fiber diameter larger than 5 microns, preferably larger than 10 microns, as well as an average fiber length of at least 5 mm. The inventive separators have high electrolyte retention, good mechanical strength, and good shape recovery.

Abstract: A battery separator is provided that has 30-70% polyolefin synthetic pulp, 15-65% siliceous filler and 1-35% by weight of long fibers having lengths of between 1/4 and 1 inch. The long fibers may be polyester fibers or glass fibers or a mixture. Cellulose may be included in an amount up to about 10%.A process for forming the battery separator is also revealed using standard paper making equipment but employing ionic copolymers containing acrylamide in cationic and anionic combination to give good affinity of the siliceous material and polyolefin. Alum and other processing aids are also included as are other procedural steps such as pressing the web.

Abstract: A continuous process for preparing a microporous flexible shape or sheet of a sulfur-free, cured polymeric material of a curable rubber, an ethylene-propylene copolymer or mixtures of the curable rubber and ethylene-propylene copolymer of a predetermined flexibility ranging from a drapable, conformable shape to a stiff material; electron beam curing of the curable polymeric material at low irradiation levels is one advantage of the continuous process as well as the capability of producing also backed materials using considerably thinner polymeric material layers thereon; the products obtained thereby are suitable as battery separators.

Abstract: A battery separator of reduced electric resistance comprising a self-supporting non-woven mat consisting essentially of a mixture of(A) olefinic resin fibers having a coarseness of from 4 to 13 decigrex,(B) olefinic resin fibers having a coarseness of less than 4 decigrex in an amount of not less than 3 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of fibers (A) and(C) inert filter materials in an amount of 0 to about 600 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight in total fibers (A) and (B). The battery separator is produced by subjecting an aqueous dispersion of said mixture to a sheet-forming operation; drying the resulting wet non-woven mat; and heat-treating the dried mat at a temperature ranging from a point 20.degree. C. lower than the melting point of the fibers (A) and (B) to a point about 50.degree. C. higher than the melting point.

Abstract: A process for producing a microporous plastic member useful as a battery separator which comprises(a) forming a coherent dough by mixing a vinyl chloride resin with a plasticizing amount of a first solvent and with finely divided particles of a filler which contains volatilizable constituent releasable therefrom by heating and which shrinks substantially and irreversibly upon release of said volatilizable constituent therefrom, an example of which is hydrated silica;(b) forming the solvent-containing dough into a shaped member;(c) extracting the first solvent from the member before any substantial evaporation of solvent occurs by contacting it with a second solvent in a liquid bath at a temperature substantially below the boiling point of any liquid present, the second solvent being one which is capable of dissolving the first solvent without dissolving the resin and the filler, thereby deplasticizing the member by extractively removing the first solvent from the member; and(d) thereafter heating the member a

Abstract: Production of inorganic porous sintered battery separator substantially eliminating formation of gas when in contact with a zinc electrode, and permitting long cycle life of a high energy density battery such as a silver-zinc battery, produced according to one embodiment by initially firing a mixture of magnesium-bearing material, e.g., MgO, zinc-bearing material, e.g., ZnO, and silica (SiO.sub.2), at temperature in the range of about 1,100 to about 1,500.degree. C, to produce a magnesium silicate-zinc silicate composition, granulating and compacting said composition into plaques, and sintering said compacted plaques at temperature ranging from about 1,000.degree. to about 1,300.degree. C, to produce porous sintered separator members, in the form of a sintered solid solution of magnesium silicate and zinc silicate, having good transverse strength and low resistivity.

Abstract: A negative interseparator for use as a component in a separator system for alkaline rechargeable batteries comprises about 50% to 95% by weight of a titanate material such as potassium titanate, a matrix-forming fibrous material, and a thickening agent for use in forming the interseparator. The negative interseparator is interposed between the negative electrode and "main separator" in the aforementioned batteries.