Abstract: The present invention relates to a resin emulsion which has a good emulsification performance even when produced by using a crosslinked polyester resin as a binder resin, and also is capable of producing a toner having an excellent storage property therefrom; and a process for producing the resin emulsion. The process for producing a resin emulsion according to the present invention, includes the steps of: (a) mixing a resin containing a polyester having at least one constitutional unit selected from the group consisting of a constitutional unit derived from a trivalent or higher-valent alcohol component and a constitutional unit derived from a trivalent or higher-valent carboxylic acid component, an anionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant and an aqueous medium with each other at a temperature not lower than a softening temperature (Ts) of the resin as measured by a flow tester method, the nonionic surfactant and the aqueous medium being used in amounts of from 0.1 to 1.

Abstract: Toner particles are provided which may, in embodiments, include a gel. In embodiments, the toner particles may have a core-shell configuration, with the gel in the core, the shell, or both. The gel may prevent a crystalline resin in the core of the toner particles from migrating to the toner surface.

Abstract: A method of preparing a toner using a micro-suspension particle, includes preparing a mixture by mixing a resin having acidic groups, a master batch of coloring pigment, and at least one additive with an organic solvent, and then neutralizing the acid groups of the resin with a base; forming a micro-suspension by adding the prepared mixture to a dispersion medium; and forming a toner composition by removing the organic solvent from the prepared micro-suspension. Therefore, the method of preparing a toner using the disclosed micro-suspension particle and a toner prepared using the same can save manufacturing costs, and can improve charging ability and cleaning properties of the toner.

Abstract: Environmentally friendly toner particles are provided which may include a bio-based amorphous polyester resin, optionally in combination with another amorphous resin and/or a crystalline resin. Methods for providing these toners are also provided. In embodiments, the bio-based amorphous polyester resin is modified with a multi-functional bio-based acid, thereby providing acid-functionalized polyesters, which can be readily emulsified in emulsion aggregation processes for toner fabrication.

Abstract: Processes for producing toners are provided. The processes include determining the desired gloss for a given toner, and determining the desired amount of aluminum in the toner to obtain that gloss. Utilizing the processes of the present disclosure, the solids content of an emulsion utilized to produce such a toner, as well as the mixing speed utilized in the aggregation process and the temperature at which aggregation of the toner particles occurs, may then be selected to obtain toner particles possessing the desired amount of aluminum, and thus the desired gloss.

Abstract: Solvent-free extrusion processes are disclosed that are suitable for forming high bio-based polyester latexes that may be utilized in forming a toner, as well as other commercial products.

Abstract: A process for making toner particles is provided. In embodiments, a suitable process includes adding a washing aid agent to toner particles at the time of washing the toner particles prior to their drying and recover. The washing aid agent assist in the removal of ionic species, including surfactants and ions that are part of the emulsion aggregation process, from the resulting toner particles. Utilization of the washing aid agent produces toner particles having improved charging characteristics.

Abstract: A toner comprising toner particles which comprise binder resin and colorant, wherein the binder resin is made from latexes which comprise a low molecular weight (LMW) latex of resin particles having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) less than 50,000 and a medium molecular weight (MMW) latex of resin particles having a Mw from 50,000 to 500,000, wherein the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resin particles of the LMW latex is not greater than 52° C.

Abstract: A method for producing a developer, the method includes aggregating first fine particles and second fine particles in a dispersion liquid, said dispersion liquid containing the first fine particles which contain at least a binder resin, and the second fine particles which contain a coloring compound, a color developer and a decolorizing agent and have been subjected to a master batch treatment; and forming aggregate particles.

Abstract: A process for making a latex emulsion suitable for use in a toner composition includes contacting at least one amorphous polyester resin with an organic solvent to form a resin mixture, adding a neutralizing agent, and deionized water to the resin mixture, removing the solvent from the formed latex, separating the solvent from water, and recycling the solvent from the resin mixture for utilization in a subsequent phase inversion emulsion process.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a toner including dispersing a binder resin, a coloring agent and a releasing agent in an organic solvent to obtain an oil phase; dispersing the oil phase in an aqueous medium with a shearing force to obtain a dispersion emulsion; wherein the shearing force is made by a screen or vessel that is situated around a rotor, the screen spinning in a direction opposite to the direction that the rotor spins. Toner produced. Method of using the toner.

Abstract: Processes for producing emulsion aggregation toners are provided. In embodiments, methods of the present disclosure may be utilized to produce toners suitable for low melt applications, including use in flexible packaging applications, where low pile height is desired for low cost and flexibility. In embodiments, the EA toners may be prepared by optimizing the particle size of the emulsion, the choice of and amount of aggregating agent utilized, and the solids content of the emulsion.

Abstract: A toner composition including toner particles, wherein the toner particles are prepared by a method in which toner constituents including at least a binder resin and a colorant are kneaded upon application of heat to prepare a toner constituent mixture; the toner constituent mixture is dissolved or swelled in an organic solvent capable of dissolving or swelling at least the binder resin to prepare an oil phase liquid; the oil phase liquid is emulsified in an aqueous liquid to prepare an emulsion; the emulsion is coagulated; and then the coagulated emulsion is dried to prepare the toner particles.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a toner in which uneven distribution of toner ingredients by subjecting them to fine dispersion is prevented and which is excellent in transferability, cleaning properties, anti-filming properties, anti-blocking properties, high-temperature offset resisting properties and transparency is provided. Melt-kneaded substances include binder resins, colorants and release agents, respectively. The colorant and the release agent are dispersed in the binder resin. The melt-kneaded substance is negatively charged by an anionic dispersant, whereas the melt-kneaded substance is positively charged by a cationic dispersant. An aggregate is formed by heteroaggregation of the melt-kneaded substances. The aggregate is fused by heating and formed into a spherical toner.

Abstract: An object of the present teachings is to provide a method for producing a negative charging toner having a fine surface charge state. For this object the present teachings provide a method for producing a negative charging toner comprising a polyester resin as a main component is provided. The method comprises steps of producing base particles by emulsifying the polyester resin; causing a positively charged compound to be carried on the surfaces of the base particles and producing toner base particles by bringing the base particles carrying the positively charged compound into contact with negative charge control resin microparticles such that the negative charge control resin microparticles are fixed to the surfaces of the base particles.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides toners and processes for preparing toner particles possessing excellent charging characteristics. The process includes forming a dispersion including at least one organic and/or organometallic charge control agent, and then combining that dispersion with an emulsion suitable for use in forming toner particles.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a toner including granulating mother toner particles in an aqueous medium to obtain a slurry containing the mother toner particles and adjusting a size distribution of the mother toner particles by screening coarse mother toner particles from the slurry with a screen to obtain the toner containing mother toner particulates.

Abstract: A toner for developing an electrostatic image, contains a binder resin having an acid value of from approximately 10 mgKOH/g to approximately 20 mgKOH/g and carbon black having a surface carboxyl group density of from approximately 2×10?6 mol/m to approximately 8×10?6 mol/m2, and is prepared in an aqueous medium.

Abstract: There are provided a toner that allows prevention of environmental contamination and is nevertheless free from toner durability degradation, wherein a sufficiently wide color reproduction range can be secured even when it is applied to color toner, and variation in characteristics among toner particles can be suppressed, as well as a method of manufacturing a toner, a developing device, and an image forming apparatus. In the toner particle is formed the biomass resin-containing domain.

Abstract: An emulsion aggregation toner composition includes toner particles including: an amorphous polyester resin; an optional crystalline resin; an optional colorant; an optional wax; an optional coagulant; and a polymeric or oligomeric hydroxy ketone photo initiator capable of initiating crosslinking of said polyester resin, wherein at least one of the amorphous polyester resin and the optional crystalline resin when present is unsaturated.

Abstract: An electrostatic image developing toner includes a polyester resin, the electrostatic image developing toner having a sulfur element concentration S at % and a nitrogen element concentration N at % which satisfies 0.5?N/S?10, the nitrogen element concentration N being from 0.002 at % to 2.5 at %.

Abstract: Disclosed are amorphous polyesters that contain only renewable resources designed for emulsion aggregation toner fabrication. The amorphous polyesters may be obtained from the mixture of three different monomers: 1,4:3,6-dianhydro-D-sorbitol (isosorbide), nonanedioic acid (azelaic acid), and butanedioic acid (succinic acid). Different polymer properties may be achieved depending on the ratio of these three monomers. By altering the ratio, polymers of high to low acid value can be obtained, as well as different ranges of glass transition temperatures.

Abstract: A toner capable of forming high quality images of excellent image reproducibility at high definition and high resolution, being decreased for the bleed-out of a wax ingredient to the surface, causing less filming to a photoreceptor and offset phenomenon in a high temperature region, is provided. The toner is manufactured by a method including a preliminary pulverizing step of pulverizing a melt-kneaded product of toner raw materials in a liquid to obtain a coarse powder slurry containing a coarse toner powder, a finely pulverizing step of passing the coarse powder slurry through a pressure resistant nozzle under heating and pressurization thereby further pulverizing the coarse toner powder to obtain a fine powder slurry containing a fine toner powder and in a heated and pressurized state, a cooling step of cooling the fine powder slurry, and a depressurizing step of depressurizing the fine powder slurry.

Abstract: A toner comprising toner particles containing a binder resin comprising a crystalline polyester resin, a non-crystalline polyester resin and an acryl resin having a cross-link structure, and the acryl resin having a cross-link structure has a cross-link site derived from a crosslinking agent represented by the following formula (1): CH2?CR1—C(?O)O—Z—OC(?O)—CR2?CH2??Formula (1) wherein R1 and R2 are each a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and Z is a hydrocarbon group of 2 to 90 carbon atoms, provided that the hydrocarbon group may include an ether linkage, an ester linkage, a heterocyclic ring or a substituent.

Abstract: There is provided a method for producing a toner block. The method includes: preparing a toner suspension in which toner particles are dispersed in water so that the toner suspension is a dilatant fluid; preparing an aggregate of the toner particles in a form of cake by absorbing water contained in the toner suspension by a water absorptive material; and drying the aggregate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a decolorizable electrophotographic toner, including: a binder resin; and a colorant which contains at least a color developable compound and a color developing agent and is covered with an outer shell so as to have a capsule structure, wherein the number ratio of particles having an equivalent circle diameter of 0.6 ?m or more and 2.5 ?m or less of the toner when measured using a flow particle image analyzer after the toner is dispersed in an aqueous medium at a ratio of 0.08% by weight and the resulting dispersion is subjected to a stirring treatment in which stirring is performed at 5000 rpm for 30 minutes using a homogenizer (T-25 digital ULTRA-TURRAX (manufactured by IKA Japan K.K., provided with a shaft generator S25N-10G)) is 30% by number or less.

Abstract: There is provided a toner block, which is formed by preparing a toner suspension in which toner particles are dispersed in water so that a water amount is 32.5 to 37% by mass; absorbing water contained in the toner suspension by a water absorptive material which absorbs 0.2 ml of water within 3 minutes to prepare an aggregate of the toner particles containing water of not more than 32.3% by mass; and drying the aggregate, and which has a maximum compressive stress of 80000 to 550000 N/m2 upon collapse.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a double emulsion with narrow dispersed phase particle size distribution comprising: providing an organic phase comprising solid hydrocolloid particles dispersed in an organic solvent; and dispersing the organic phase in an aqueous phase in the presence of a controlled amount of stabilizing agent to form an emulsion of droplets of the organic phase dispersed in the external aqueous phase, wherein the hydrocolloid particles in the organic phase droplets are swelled with water from the external aqueous phase to form internal droplets of an aqueous phase in the organic phase droplets, thereby forming a double emulsion comprising droplets of the organic phase of controlled narrow particle size distribution in the external aqueous phase, where the organic phase droplets contain internal droplets of an aqueous phase.

Abstract: A method of making toner particles, including mixing at least one emulsion of at least one resin, a colorant, an optional wax, and optional additives to form a slurry; heating the slurry to form aggregated particles in the slurry; freezing aggregation of the particles by adjusting the pH; and heating the aggregated particles in the slurry to coalesce the particles into toner particles.

Abstract: An electrostatic image developing toner including: a toner matrix particle having an adhering particle adhered onto the surface of a central particle, wherein a volume average value of a ratio X of a peripheral length PM to a circle-corresponding diameter D is from 3.6 to 5.0.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing a toner, including a liquid droplet-forming unit configured to discharge a toner composition liquid containing at least a resin and a colorant at a uniform discharge speed from a plurality of discharge holes some of which have different shapes from each other to thereby form liquid droplets, and a particle-forming unit configured to solidify the liquid droplets of the toner composition liquid to thereby form particles.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a magnetic toner composition. The toner composition includes one or more resins, and spherical ferromagnetic nanoparticles. Also provided is a process for preparing these toners including ferromagnetic nanoparticles. In embodiments, the aggregation of the toner is conducted at a pH greater than about 7, without the use of a coagulant. Additionally, in embodiments, freezing (stopping particle growth) and coalescence of the toner particles may be conducted at a pH greater than about 9. In yet other embodiments, the process may be conducted under an inert gas such as argon to avoid oxidation of the ferromagnetic nanoparticles during toner preparation.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides processes for producing toners. In embodiments, flow aids are added to a wet cake including the toner particles, prior to drying. The addition of the flow aid improves flow characteristics of the toner, thereby enhancing overall drying time, reducing the amount of coarse particles, and improving yield, without adversely affecting fusing and charging of the toner particles.

Abstract: A toner composition includes toner particles including a polymeric resin, a colorant, a wax, and a optional coagulant.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of shaped polymeric particles, and in a particular embodiment shaped electrostatographic toner particles, of controlled morphology including the following steps. A selected solvent or solvent mixture is used to dissolve a polyester polymer material to form an organic phase, wherein the polyester material is formed from at least one diol and at least one multicarboxylic aromatic acid and has a solubility parameter of greater than 9.0 (cal/cm3)1/2, the selected solvent or solvent mixture includes at least a first solvent having a solubility parameter of less than 9.0 (cal/cm3)1/2, and the difference in solubility parameters for the polyester material and the at least first solvent is between 1.0 and 3.0 (cal/cm3)1/2. The organic phase is dispersed in an aqueous phase containing a particulate stabilizer to form a dispersion, which is then homogenized.

Abstract: A toner containing toner particles, each toner particle containing: a releasing agent; a colorant; and a binder resin containing at least a crystalline polyester resin and a non-crystalline polyester resin, wherein in the case where a volume average particle diameter of the toner is defined as Dv, the toner contains a group of the toner particles having 4/5Dv, and a group of the toner particles having 6/5Dv, and wherein an endothermic value A of the crystalline polyester resin at a first temperature increase in DSC of the toner, an endothermic value B of the crystalline polyester resin at a first temperature increase in DSC of the group of the toner particle having 4/5Dv, and an endothermic value C of the crystalline polyester resin at a first temperature increase in DSC of the group of the toner particles having 6/5Dv satisfy the relation represented by the following formulas: 50<(B/A)×100<90, and 110<(C/A)×100<150.

Abstract: An electrostatic image developing toner includes a binder resin that includes a polyester carbonate resin or a polyester amide resin, the polyester carbonate resin or the polyester amide resin containing a dodecenylsuccinic acid unit in an mount from about 0.5 mol % to about 30 mol % as a monomer unit; and a colorant.

Abstract: A negatively chargeable developer includes: negatively chargeable toner mother particles including at least binding resin and colorant; and an external additive that is externally added to a surface of the toner mother particles, wherein the external additive includes polymethyl methacrylate that is within a range from approximately 0.4 parts by weight to approximately 0.8 parts by weight inclusive per 100 parts by weight of the toner mother particles and that has positive chargeability.

Abstract: To provide a toner, containing: a crystalline polyester resin; and a non-crystalline polyester resin, wherein the crystalline polyester resin has a melting point of 60° C. to 80° C., and wherein the toner satisfies the relationship represented by the following formula: (W1?W1?)/W1<0.50, where W1 is a temperature width at a 1/3 height of a height of an endothermic peak of the crystalline polyester resin at the time of an initial temperature elevation on a DSC curve of the toner as measured by differential scanning calorimetry, and W1? is a temperature width at a 1/3 height of a height of an endothermic peak of the crystalline polyester resin after the toner has been heated at 50° C. for 24 hours.

Abstract: Toner and a developer which are excellent in cleaning property and fixing property at low temperature, and capable of forming images with high quality are provided, along with a method for their production. A toner producing method involves dispersing and/or emulsifying an oil phase or a monomer phase containing a toner composition and/or a toner composition precursor in a water-based medium to granulate, wherein the toner has an average circularity of 0.925 to 0.970, and the toner composition and/or the toner composition precursor has a layered inorganic material in which at least a part of interlayer ions in the layered inorganic material has been exchanged with organic ions.

Abstract: The present teaching provides a method for producing a positive charging toner that can exhibit stable charge characteristics. According to the present teaching, a positive charging toner is produced by preparing a base particle suspension having a conductivity not higher than 70 ?S/cm and comprising base particles that are obtained by mixing and emulsifying an aqueous medium and a resin solution containing the polyester resin; producing toner base particles by mixing the base particle suspension with a charge control resin microparticle suspension containing charge control resin microparticles; causing the charge control resin microparticles to adhere to the surfaces of the base particles; and washing the toner base particles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a toner for electrophotography which includes the steps of (A) forming resin-containing core particles having a volume median particle size (D50) of from 1 to 10 ?m in an aqueous medium; (B) adding composite fine particles containing a polyester-containing resin and a charge control agent, or composite fine particles containing “fine particles of the charge control agent” and “fine particles of the polyester-containing resin”, to the core particles obtained in the step (A) to allow the composite fine particles to adhere onto the core particles, thereby obtaining “composite fine particle-adhering core particles”; and (C) heating the “composite fine particle-adhering core particles” obtained in the step (B), to obtain coalesced particles.

Abstract: A method of producing an electrostatic latent image developing toner includes: preparing a resin particle dispersion by polymerizing, in a water-based solvent, a polymerizable monomer that comprises a polymerizable monomer comprising a vinyl-based double bond; extracting a liquid from the resin particle dispersion by heating; mixing the distilled resin particle dispersion with a colorant particle dispersion prepared by dispersing a colorant; and aggregating the resin particles, the pigment particles and a release agent particles to form aggregate particles, and then conducting heating to fuse the aggregate particles.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for oscillatory flow continuous reactors suitable for use in forming emulsion aggregation toners. The reactor may include at least one receptacle being a flexible, tubular member. The reactor may also include a plurality of baffles disposed, at spaced apart intervals, along an interior space of the tubular member, each of the plurality of baffles including one or more orifices. Additionally, one or more fluids may flow through the tubular member. The oscillatory flow continuous reactor may be used in an emulsion aggregation process to produce toner particles.

Abstract: Disclosed is a manufacturing method of toner which includes at least polyester resin and colorant, comprising the steps of: (A) dissolving, into an organic solvent, the polyester resin and ultrahigh molecular weight styrene resin in which a peak is present in a range larger than 500 thousands and smaller than 3 million in a molecular weight distribution, and preparing a binder resin solution; (B) dispersing the binder resin solution as binder resin solution droplets into an aqueous medium; (C) removing the organic solvent from the binder resin solution droplets, and preparing a resin particle dispersion; and (D) aggregating resin particles from which the organic solvent is removed and colorant particles containing the colorant with each other, and forming toner particles.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides processes for producing toner particles, and toner particles produced by such processes. The processes of the present disclosure combine melt-mixing and grinding of toner components to produce toner particles, followed by a coalescing treatment which provides toner particles having desirable spherical properties.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing toner particles capable of decreasing the manufacturing costs by simplifying the manufacturing apparatus and by decreasing the number of the steps, as well as to provide toner particles, a two-component developer, a developing apparatus and an image forming apparatus are provided. A high-pressure homogenizer is constituted by a tank, a feed pump, a high-pressure pump, a heat exchanger, a nozzle, a first depressurizing module, a cooling unit, a second depressurizing module and a take-out port arranged in this order. A flow path constituted in the first depressurizing module has a straight portion tilted with respect to a direction in which the aqueous slurry passes and a portion for relaxing the flow of the aqueous slurry.

Abstract: Toner particles are provided which may, in embodiments, include a core and a shell formed in situ. The resins utilized to form the core, the shell, or both, may be contacted with a water soluble initiator. The resin, in embodiments present in the shell, cross-links at a temperature near the temperature for coalescence, and may prevent a crystalline resin in the core from migrating to the toner surface.

Abstract: The present invention is directed towards methods of manufacturing wax-containing polymer particles by limited coalescence processes employing aqueous wax dispersions. In one embodiment, an aqueous wax dispersion or emulsion is dispersed in an oil phase comprising a water-immiscible solvent and a polymer to form a transient water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion, and a further aqueous phase containing a particulate stabilizer is then added to the W/O emulsion to induce phase inversion, and the mixture homogenized to form an oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion. The solvent is then removed from the emulsion to form particles containing wax domains inside. In another embodiment, the aqueous wax dispersion is first mixed with the aqueous phase containing the particulate stabilizer, and homogenization is made with the oil phase to form an O/W emulsion, from which wax-containing particles are obtained after solvent removal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a toner composition comprising toner particles which comprise a resin, an optional colorant, and a polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane compound.