Abstract: An amorphous silicon film contains not less than 30 at. % hydrogen and includes silicon atoms joined with one hydrogen atom and silicon atoms joined with two hydrogen atoms, the ratio of the silicon atoms joined with two hydrogen atoms to the silicon atoms joined with one hydrogen atom being not more than 0.4. This amorphous silicon films is produced by performing plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition at a substrate temperature of not more than 100.degree. C., while supplying hydrogen and silane in the predetermined ratio, the ratio of the flow of hydrogen to that of silane being not less than 1.

Abstract: A photoconductive member, comprises a support for a photoconductive member and an amorphous layer which is constituted of silicon atoms as matrix containing at least one of hydrogen atom and halogen atom and exhibits photoconductivity, said amorphous layer having a layer region containing carbon atoms in at least a part thereof, the content of the carbon atoms in said layer region being distributed unevenly in the direction of the thickness of said layer.

Abstract: The alkoxy squaraines essentially as represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, and R.sub.4 independently represent alkyl or aryl groups; X is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, hydroxy, or alkoxy; and n is a number of from 0 to about 2.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor is disclosed, comprising a support having thereon a light reflection preventive layer comprising a porous anodized film and a photosensitive layer in this order, in which a metal is filled in the pores of the porous anodized film. The anodized film prevents appearance of an interference band when the photoreceptor is applied to a laser beam printer.

Abstract: A separate-function laminate-type photoconductor for electrophotography includes a photosensitive substrate having a subbing layer and a photosensitive layer laminated on the substrate in this order, in which the subbing layer is composed of a resin containing phosphorus in an amount within the range of 30 to 500 ppm by weight based on the resin. The resin for the subbing layer is preferably an epoxy resin. The photoconductor has a high sensitivity, a good ability to electrified and a low residual potential, and gives less variation in its characteristics due to environmental factors to give an image of a good quality constantly.

Abstract: The invention provides rolls, belts and other biasable members having at least one layer or coating of an elastomeric resilient polyurethane formed by reacting (a) a polyisocyanate prepolymer comprising the reaction product of a saturated aliphatic polyisocyanate, a saturated cycloaliphatic polyisocyanate, or an aromatic polyisocyanate and a polyol free of aliphatic unsaturation, preferably a polyalkylene glycol in which the alkylene group contains 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and (b) a hardening mixture comprising a polyol of (a) or a diamine free of aliphatic unsaturation, or a mixture thereof and, as a conductivity control agent, from 0.001 to 5.0 weight percent, based on the total weight of (b), of a complex of ethylene glycil or an oligoethylene glycol selected from the group consisting of di-, tri- and tetraethylene glycol with an ionizable ferric halide salt selected from the group consisting of ferric flouride, ferric chloride and ferric bromide.

Abstract: A light-sensitive composition is provided comprising (a) an aromatic diazo compound and (b) a cationic dye/borate anion complex.In a preferred embodiment, the cationic dye/anionic borate dye complex is represented by the general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein D.sup.+ represents a cationic dye; and R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4, which may be the same or different, each represents an unsubstituted or substituted alkyl group, an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group, an unsubstituted or substituted aralkyl group, an unsubstituted or substituted alkenyl group, an unsubstituted or substituted alkynyl group, an unsubstituted or substituted alicyclic group, or an unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic group.The aromatic diazo compound can be a nonionic diazo compound.The light-sensitive compound can further comprise a radical-polymerizable unsaturated compound.

Abstract: An electrophotographic image-forming member which comprises a substrate for electrophotography and a light receiving layer being disposed on said substrate, said light receiving layer comprising a photoconductive layer formed of a non-single-crystal silicon carbide film containing silicon atoms as a matrix, carbon atoms in an amount of 5 to 15 atomic % and hydrogen atoms in an amount of 1 to 10 atomic %, containing graphite structure domains in a proportion of 1% or less per unit volume and having an intensity ratio of 0.01 to 0.05 between the C--H bond stretching mode and the Si--H bond stretching mode in an infrared adsorption spectrum.The light receiving layer may further comprise a charge injection inhibition layer or/and a surface layer.

Abstract: An image holding member comprises an electroconductive substrate, a resin layer, and an image holding layer. The resin layer is placed between the electroconductive substrate and the image holding layer. The resin layer comprises metal-coated fine resin particles, and a binder resin.

Abstract: A novel electrophotographic photoreceptor is disclosed, comprising an undercoating layer provided on an electrically conductive substrate having thereon a light-sensitive layer, wherein the undercoating layer is obtained by coating a solution of a composition comprising zirconium and silicon or a solution of a mixture of a zirconium acetyl acetonate compound and a silane coupling agent, the silicon content in the composition comprising zirconium and silicon is in the range of 5 to 35 mol % based on the total amount of zirconium and silicon, and the hardened undercoating layer obtained from the zirconium acetyl acetonate compound and silane coupling agent is a layer having a hardening degree of 1.2 or less.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor is disclosed, comprising at least a substrate having thereon a charge transporting layer and a charge generating layer, wherein the charge transporting layer is a porous anodized aluminum film which is formed by anodic oxidation of a substrate at least a surface of which comprises aluminum or an aluminum alloy, with the pores thereof being filled with a metal. The electrophotographic photoreceptor can be produced by a process comprising subjecting a substrate at least a surface of which comprises aluminum or an aluminum alloy to anodic oxidation in a 1 to 30% by weight acid aqueous solution containing at least one inorganic polybasic acid selected from the group consisting of sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, chromic acid, etc. or at least one organic polybasic acid selected from the group consisting of oxalic acid, malonic acid, tartaric acid, etc. by a direct current at a current density of from 0.1 to 10 A.multidot.dm.sup.

Abstract: A photosensitive body for electrophotography has as its principal constituent a photoconductive layer having amorphous silicon with hydrogen, a surface layer having a greater optical band gap than the photoconductive layer formed on a photoconductive base member, and an intermediate layer sandwiched therebetween.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor is disclosed, comprising a substrate having thereon a light-reflection preventing layer comprising an anodized aluminum film and a photosensitive layer in this order. And the electrophotographic photoreceptor can be produced by a process comprising subjecting a substrate at least a surface of which comprises aluminum or an aluminum alloy to anodic oxidation in a neutral aqueous solution containing at least one of boric acid, boric acid salt, a phosphoric acid salt, etc. in a concentration of from 1 to 30% by weight or an acidic aqueous solution containing at least one of sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, oxalic acid, chromic acid, etc. in a concentration of from 1 to 30% by weight to form an anodized aluminum film as a light reflection-preventing layer on the substrate, and then forming a photosensitive layer on said anodized aluminum film. The anodized aluminum film prevents appearance of an interference fringe when the photoreceptor is applied to a laser beam printer.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor comprises least a photoconductive layer and a charge-injection controlling layer, which are overlaid on an electroconductive support in any order, which charge-injection controlling layer comprises a homopolymer or copolymer of a monomer represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents hydrogen or a methyl group; R.sup.2 represents hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a hydroalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an aryl group which may have a substituent, and an aralkyl group which may have a substituent; and R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 each represent hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a hydroxyl group, a nitro group, a nitroso group, a cyano group, a carboxyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an acyl group, a sulfonyl group, an amino group which may have a substituent, a halogen or a trifluoromethyl group.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor is disclosed which is constituted by a conductive substrate, a barrier layer formed thereon, and a photoconductive layer, formed on the barrier layer, for generating photocarriers upon radiation of light. A portion of the barrier layer is formed by alternately stacking first thin films consisting of amorphous or microcrystalline silicon containing an element which controls a conductivity type and second thin films, these having a band gap wider than that of the first thin film. A multilayered structure made up of the first and second thin films has a superlattice structure.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor is disclosed, which comprises an electroconductive substrate, an undercoat layer formed on the electroconductive substrate, and a photoconductive layer comprising a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer formed on the undercoat layer, wherein the undercoat layer comprises a binder resin and a modified indium oxide having exothermic peaks in the range of 200.degree. to 600.degree. C. detected by the differential thermal analysis, which modified indium oxide is prepared by pretreatment with a hydroxyl-group-containing compound, an amino-group-containing compound, or an ether-group-containing compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrophotographic sensitive member having a photosensitive layer superimposed on an aluminum substrate having an aluminum oxide layer improving the color reproducibility of specific colors' wherein the aluminum oxide layer is colored to have specific maximum absorption wavelength.

Abstract: A photosensitive member for electrophotography comprising an electroconductive substrate, and an intermediate layer and a photosensitive layer disposed in this order on the substrate; the intermediate layer comprising a resin component and a salt; the intermediate layer containing the salt in an amount of 1-800 ppm based on the weight of the resin component.

Abstract: A red reproduction-improving electrophotographic image-forming method to be practiced in an electrophotographic image-forming system having a halogen lamp image-forming light source, characterized by using:(a) an image-forming light of a continuous wavelength in the region of from 400 to 700 nm from said halogen lamp light source,(b) a magnet roller capable of forming toner brush comprising magnetic materials of said magnetic toner in said cleaning mechanism, and(c) an amorphous silicon system photosensitive member in a cylindrical form as said cylindrical photosensitive member: said amorphous silicon system photosensitive member comprising a substrate and a light receiving layer which comprises a 0.01 to 10 .mu.m thick charge injection inhibition layer composed of an amorphous material containing silicon atoms as the matrix, a 1 to 100 .mu.m thick photoconductive layer of 3.2 to 3.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor is disclosed, comprising a substrate, a charge transporting layer and a charge generating layer, wherein at least the surface of the substrate comprises aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and the charge transporting layer comprises an anodized aluminum film formed by anodizing the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: An improved photosensitive member for electrophotography which comprises an intermediate layer, a photoconductive layer and a surface protecting layer each formed upwardly in this order on a conductive substrate, the photoconductive layer comprising a non-doped a-Si layer made of a amorphous silicon containing hydrogen and/or halogen of 40 at. % or more.

Abstract: The fluorinated squaraines ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are independently selected from alkyl or aryl; X is hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl, alkoxy or halogen; n is a number of 1 to about 3; and m is a number of from 0 to 2; and imaging members thereof.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor having a photosensitive layer essentially made of amorphous silicon formed over a support, and a surface layer made of amorphous silicon formed over the photosensitive layer. The amorphous silicon of the photosensitive layer includes boron of 0.1-5 ppm, and the amorphous silicon of the surface layer includes nitrogen. The layers of material formed over the support include a charge blocking layer.

Abstract: An electrophotographic imaging member has a metal oxide hole blocking layer in the form of a film of an inorganic glassy network. The metal oxide hole blocking layer may be bonded to a conductive layer of the imaging member.

Abstract: A photoreceptor for electrophotography, comprising: a photoconductive layer substantially composed of amorphous silicon, and first, second and third surface layers substantially composed of amorphous silicon added with nitrogen atom, those layers being formed on a support. The thickness d.sub.1, d.sub.2 and d.sub.3 of the first, second and third surface layers satisfies the following relation: d.sub.2 >d.sub.1 and d.sub.2 >d.sub.3, and the nitrogen concentrations c.sub.1, c.sub.2 and c.sub.3 of said first, second and third surface layers satisfy the following relation: c.sub.3 >c.sub.2 >c.sub.1.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising a photoconductive layer, a first surface layer and a second surface layer formed in sequence on a support, said photoconductive layer being substantially composed of amorphous silicon, and each of said first and second surface layers being substantially composed of nitrogen-doped amorphous silicon, the concentration of nitrogen atoms in the second surface layer being higher than that in the first surface layer. The photoconductive layer is doped with atoms of an element of group III, or in at least a part of the photoconductive layer doped with germanium atoms in place of the element of group III.

Abstract: An improved light receiving member for use in electrophotography having a light receiving layer provided with a charge carrier generation layer (hereinafter referred to as "CGL") and a charge carrier transport layer (hereinafter referred to as "CTL"), the CGL being formed of a non-single-crystal material composed substantially of silicon atom as the main constituent atom and at least one kind selected from hydrogen atom and halogen atom and the CTL being formed of a Non-Si(H,X) material containing carbon atom and a conductivity controlling element selected from the group consisting of boron, aluminum, gallium, indium and thallium belonging to group III of the Periodic Table or from the group consisting of phosphorus, arsenic, antimony and bismuth belonging to group V of the Periodic Table in an uneven state in the thicknesswise direction, and optionally at least one kind selected from oxygen atom and nitrogen atom in this order from the side of a substrate.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor which comprises an electroconductive support; an undercoat layer formed thereon comprising (i) a reaction product between an active-hydrogen-containing compound having a plurality of active hydrogens and an isocyanate-group-containing compound, which reaction product serves as a binder resin, and (ii) finely-divided particles of indium oxide dispersed in the reaction product; and a photo-sensitive layer formed on the undercoat layer. The indium oxide may be partly replaced by metal oxide, metal fluoride, metal nitride, metal carbide or metal boride in an amount of not more than 50 wt. %.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a mask support or diaphragm of SiC for X-ray lithography masks is set forth in which a SiC layer is deposited by means of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on a substrate in the form of a monocrystalline silicon wafer on at least one of the two major surfaces of the monocrystalline silicon wafer, after which the monocrystalline silicon wafer is removed except an edge region in a selective etching step. According to the invention the following processing steps are used:(a) deposition of the SiC layer with the monocrystalline silicon wafer first being heated in the apparatus provided for the deposition process to a temperature in the range of 1000.degree. to 1350.degree. C. in a H.sub.2 atmosphere and then being etched by a suitable etchant and subsequently being rinsed under the influence of H.sub.2, whereupon the SiC layer is provided from a gas atmosphere containing silicon and hydrocarbons, after which the coated substrate is cooled in a H.sub.

Abstract: There are provided on improved light receiving member for use in electrophotography and a process for the production thereof.

Abstract: In an electro-photographic photosensor wherein amorphous silicon as a photoconductive layer is formed on the surface of an aluminum base which has been processed to be alumite layer consisting of a porous layer and barrier layer, amorphous silicon is formed directly on the surface of the porous layer in which porosities is remained by the elimination of the process of sealing porosities. Further, when aluminum is processed by electrolyzation to be alumite, thickness of the barrier layer and the porous layer are appropriately set to provide good adhesive strength of amorphous silicon to the aluminum base and good electrostatic characteristics by adjusting respectively a voltage and duration of the electrolyzation.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved layered photoresponsive imaging member comprised of a supporting substrate, a vacuum evaporated photogenerator layer comprised of certain pyranthrone pigments including tribromo-8,16-pyranthrenedione and trichloro-8,16-pyranthrenedione; and an aryl amine hole transport layer comprised of molecules of the following formula: ##STR1## dispersed in a resinous binder and wherein X is selected from the group consisting of halogen and alkyl.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising a support, a charge blocking layer, a first photoconductive layer composed of at least amorphous silicon, a second photoconductive layer composed of at least boron-containing amorphous silicon, a surface layer composed of at least nitrogenated amorphous silicon, the surface layer having an interface for contacting the second photoconductive layer, the surface layer including a lower region corresponding to an area not greater than approximately 100 .ANG. away from the interface, the lower region having a ratio of not less than 0.5 parts of nitrogen atoms for one part of silicon atoms, the nitrogen ratio of the lower region and the boron content of the second photoconductive layer corresponding to the relation B.gtoreq.10.sup.(9N-5.5) where B is the boron content in PPM and N is the ratio of nitrogen atoms to silicon atoms.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor is disclosed, which comprises an electroconductive support, an undercoat layer formed on the electroconductive support, comprising at least one metal oxide selected from the group consisting of zirconium oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, beryllium oxide and lanthanum oxide, and a photoconductive layer comprising a charge generating layer and a charge transporting layer, formed on the undercoat layer.

Abstract: There is provided an improved light receiving member for electrophotography which is made up of an aluminum support and a multilayered light receiving layer exhibiting photoconductivity formed on said aluminum support, wherein said multilayered light receiving layer consists of a lower layer in contact with said support and an upper layer, said lower layer being made of an inorganic material containing at least aluminum atoms (Al), silicon atoms (Si), and hydrogen atoms (H), and having a part in which said aluminum atoms (Al), silicon atoms (Si), and hydrogen atoms (H) are unevenly distributed across the layer thickness, said upper layer being made of a non-single-crystal material composed of silicon atoms (Si) as the matrix and at least either of hydrogen atoms (H) or halogen atoms (X), and containing at least either of germanium atoms or tin atoms in a layer region in contact with said lower layer.

Abstract: The improvements in the light receiving members in which an aluminum material being used as the substrate for use in electrophotography and in other various devices. The improved light receiving member to be provided is characterized in that a buffer layer functioning to improve the bondability between the aluminum substrate and a light receiving layer to be disposed thereon is disposed between the substrate and said light receiving layer.The improved light receiving member is satisfactorily free from various problems due to insufficient bondability between the aluminum substrate and the light receiving layer imposed thereon which are found in the conventional light receiving members.

Abstract: An improved photosensitive member for use in electrophotography which comprises a substrate and a light receiving layer having a charge carrier generation layer and a charge carrier transportation layer composed of a carbonic film the nucleus of which matrix being carbon atom, which contains 40 atomic % or less of hydrogen atom and which possesses an optical band gap of 1.5 eV or more and an electric conductivity of 10.sup.-11 .OMEGA..sup.-1 cm.sup.-1 or less.It is always and substantially stable regardless of the changes in use environments and it enables to make highly resolved images with a clear half-tone which are highly dense and quality at high speed.

Abstract: The invention relates to 4-chlorooxazole derivatives of the general formula I ##STR1## which carry an unsaturated group in the 2- or 5-position, e.g., the --CH.dbd.CH-- or --CH.dbd.CH--CH.dbd.CH-- group.In the formulaR.sub.1 is phenyl, which is optionally substituted in one or more positions by (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)-alkoxy or di-(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)-alkylamino radicals andR.sub.2 is phenyl, phenyloxazolyl, pyridyl, julolidin-9-yl, N-(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl)-carbazol-3-yl, coumarin-6-yl, or stilben-4-yl, which are optionally substituted in one or more positions by (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)-alkyl, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkoxy, halogen-(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)-alioxy, hydroxy, halogen, di-(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)-alkylamino, or dibenzylamino radicals.The compounds are used as photoconductive substances.

Abstract: A photosensitive material for electrophotography is provided, which comprises in sequence an aluminum substrate, a charge transport layer, a hole injection layer, a charge generation layer, and a surface protection layer, wherein the surface protection layer comprises an arsenic-selenium alloy containing from 35 atomic % to 45 atomic % arsenic.The photosensitive material may also include a buffer layer comprising an arsenic-selenium alloy disposed between the surface protection layer and the charge generation layer, said buffer layer having a graduated arsenic concentration in which the concentration of arsenic increases in the direction of the surface protection layer. These layers provide enhanced lifetime for the materials while maintaning good print quality. Further, the insertion of the buffer layer allows for high temperature operation.

Abstract: Unsymmetrical squaraine compounds such as substituted dialkylaminophenylalkoxyaryl squaraines, and imaging members comprised of the aforementioned squaraines.

Abstract: There is provided an improved light receiving member for electrophotography which is made up of an aluminum support and a multilayered light receiving layer exhibiting photoconductivity formed on said aluminum support, wherein said multilayered light receiving layer consists of a lower layer in contact with said support and an upper layer, said lower layer being made of an inorganic material containing at least aluminum atoms (Al), silicon atoms (Si), and hydrogen atoms (H), and having a part in which said aluminum atoms (Al), silicon atoms (Si), and hydrogen atoms (H) are unevenly distributed across the layer thickness, said upper layer being made of a non-single material composed of silicon atoms (Si) as the matrix and at least either of hydrogen atoms (H) or halogen atoms (X). The light receiving member for electrophotography exhibits outstanding electric characteristics, optical characteristics, photoconductive characteristics, durability, image characteristics, and adaptability to use environments.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive sensor comprises a blocking layer, a photoconductive layer and a surface layer made mainly of microcrystalline or amorphous silicon and/or germanium and formed on a conductive substrate. At least one of the layers including the blocking layer, the photoconductive layer or the surface layer includes a multilayer which includes a plurality of constituent thin layers having different optical energy band gaps.

Abstract: A light receiving member for electrophotography made up of an aluminum support and a multilayered light receiving layer exhibiting photoconductivity formed on the aluminum support, wherein the multilayered light receiving layer consists of a lower layer in contact with the support and an upper layer, the lower layer being made of an inorganic material containing at least aluminum atom (Al), silicon atoms (Si) and hydrogen atoms (H), and having portion in which the aluminum atoms (Al), silicon atoms (Si), and hydrogen atoms (H) are unevenly distributed across the layer thickness, the upper layer being made of a non-single-crystal material composed of silicon atoms (Si) as the matrix and at least either of hydrogen atoms (H) or halogen atoms (X) and containing atoms to control conductivity in the layer region in adjacent with the lower layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrophotographic sensitive member, in particular to an electophotographic sensitive member, in which a residual potential is reduced and a background smearing is prevented from being produced, and further to an electrophotographic sensitive member capable of carrying out a high-speed copying suitable for a semiconductor laser beam printer.A photosensitive member used in instruments, such as super-high-speed coying machine and laser beam printer, is used for a long time at a high-speed, so that the stability and durability are required for the operation.To this requirement, amorphous silicon hydride has been watched with interest in view of heat-resistance, abrasion-resistance, anti-pollution, photosensitive characteristic and the like.

Abstract: An electrophotographic image forming method is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of developing an electrostatic image formed on an image-forming member with a particulate toner for forming a toner image and transferring said toner image onto a receiving material, in which the image-forming member has a surface-improving layer comprised principally of amorphous silicon, and the toner has a weight average particle size within the range of from 1 .mu.m to 6 .mu.m and contains a constituent having a weight average particle size of not more than 5 .mu.m which accounts for not less than 20% by weight of the whole amount of the toner. An electrophotographic copy bearing a high-resolution and high-quality image can be stably obtained by this method.

Abstract: This invention discloses a photosensitive member which comprises in the order an electrically conductive substrate, a first layer region of amorphous silicon including carbon, a second layer region of amorphous silicon and a third layer region of amorphous silicon including germanium. Group IIIA impurity of the Periodic Table is included in all the layer region so as to be most enriched at the first layer region. The first layer region comprises a first amorphous silicon transient layer to assure the adhesion between the first and second layer region. Similarly, the third layer region comprises a second amorphous silicon transient layer to assure the adhesion between the second and third layer region.This invention further relates to a process for producing by glow discharge a photosensitive member of the present invention.

Abstract: Disclosed is a photoreceptor which comprises a charge generation layer composed of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of amorphous hydrogenated silicon, amorphous fluorinated silicon and amorphous hydrofluorinated silicon, a charge transport layer formed on a lower surface of said charge generation layer and composed of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of amorphous hydrogenated silicon nitride, amorphous fluorinated silicon nitride, amorphous hydrofluorinated silicon nitride, amorphous hydrogenated silicon carbide, amorphous fluorinated silicon carbide and amorphous hydrofluorinated silicon carbide, and a substrate, wherein said charge transport layer contains oxygen within the range of from 50 atomic ppm to 5 atomic % based on the total atoms of silicon, nitrogen and carbon.

Abstract: A photoreceptor for electrophotography including an electrically conductive substrate, a bottom layer, a photoconductive layer composed mainly of amorphous silicon, and a surface layer, in that order. Both the bottom and surface layers have a greater optical bandgap than said photoconductive layer. A first middle layer is disposed between said bottom layer and said photoconductive layer, and a second middle layer is disposed between said photoconductive layer and said surface layer. Both the first and second middle layers are composed mainly of amorphous silicon and have a concentration of doped atoms which varies from the bottom to the top of the layer.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising a conductive substrate and a photoconductive layer disposed on the conductive substrate to generate photocarriers upon light radiation. The photoconductive layer comprises a charge-generating layer and a charge-retaining layer. At least part of the charge-generating layer has a plurality of thin microcrystalline semiconductor layers containing silicon as a major constituent and at least one element selected from the group consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen. The plurality of microcrystalline layers produce a superlattice structure. The adjacent thin microcrystalline semiconductor layers have different element concentrations. At least part of the charge-retaining layer has a first amorphous semiconductor layer containing silicon as a major constituent and a second amorphous semiconductor layer containing silicon as a major constituent, and at least one element selected from the group consisting of carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen.

Abstract: In the photoreceptor described in the specification, an electroconductive base has an amorphous silicon type photoconductive layer coated over a blocking layer on the base and an amorphous carbon-containing surface layer, coated over a buffer layer on the photoconductive layer, has a hardness on the free surface side which is higher than the hardness on the buffer surface side. Apparatus for preparing the photoreceptor includes a CVD vacuum chamber and an arrangement for supplying selected layer-forming gases to the chamber in a controlled manner.