Abstract: Process for producing 7-methoxy-3-desacetylcefalotin by a hydrolysis process which takes place in water and is catalyzed by an enzyme. Cefoxitin can be obtained from this compound by known methods.

Abstract: Methods and materials for the production of the high intensity sweetener, monatin, in stereoisomerically-pure or stereoisomerically-enriched form are disclosed. For example, methods using stereoisoselective hydrolysis and separation of a monatin-derived lactone ester are disclosed.

Abstract: A single colony of myxobacterium cells, a process for its production and its use. A process for the production of a myxobacterium Sorangium strain (Sorangium cellulosum) having an improved epothilone production rate. A process for the production of epothilone B using the aforementioned strain. A process for the production of single colonies of myxobacteria comprising cultivating myxobacteria on a nutrient medium containing isoleucin and or leucin.

Abstract: Methods, processes and materials for the production and recovery of Tiacumicins produced by culturing a microorganism belonging to the species Dactylosporangium aurantiacum subspecies hamdenensis having the ability to produce and accumulate one or more Tiacumicin in a nutrient medium comprising a carbon source, a nitrogen source, trace elements such as inorganic salts, and an adsorbent, wherein said nitrogen source comprises fish powder, and wherein said Tiacumicin is produced in a yield greater than about 50 mg/L broth.

Abstract: Hydrolytic enzymes capable of catalyzing amidation reactions can be used to produce cyclic amide oligomers from diesters and diamines. The cyclic amide oligomers are useful for the production of higher molecular weight polyamides.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel purified compound PM181104, of formula: of molecular weight 1514 and molecular formula C69H66N18O13S5; which is obtained by fermentation of the microorganism belonging to Kocuria species (ZMA B-1/MTCC 5269). The invention includes all stereoisomeric forms and all tautomeric forms of the compound PM181104 and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and derivatives such as esters and ethers. The present invention further relates to processes for the production of the novel antibacterial compound(s), to the production of the microorganism belonging to Kocuria species (ZMA B-1/MTCC 5269), and to pharmaceutical compositions containing the novel compound(s) as an active ingredient and its/their use in medicines for treatment and prevention of diseases caused by bacterial infections.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for the production of biliverdin. In particular, the invention concerns methods for producing biliverdin in yeast, especially Candida albicans, and other microorganisms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to microorganisms and methods for producing at least one sulfur-containing compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of a 4H-pyrrido[1,2-a]-pyrimidin-4-one derivative, wherein the 4H-pyrrido[1,2-a]-pyrimidin-4-one derivative is Paliperidone or 3-(2-chloroethyl)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-9-hydroxy-2-methyl-4H-pyrrido[1,2-a]-pyrimidin-4-one (‘CMHTP’), said process comprising enzymatically hydroxylating Risperidone or 3-(2-chloroethyl)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-2-methyl-4H-pyrrido[1,2-a]-pyrimidin-4-one (‘ClMTTP’), respectively, with at least one oxidoreductase enzyme; and optionally isolating or purifying the Paliperidone or CMHTP, wherein the at least one oxidoreductase enzyme is selected from the group of peroxidases, dioxygenases, monooxygenases and any combination thereof.

Abstract: Methods for the synthesis of regiospecific rapamycin 42-hemiesters and regiospecific FK506 32-esters with dicarboxylic acids is described. The methods involve catalyzing the reaction between a rapamycin or a FK-506 and a dicarboxylic anhydride or a bifunctional activated ester of dicarboxylic acid with a lipase.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improved fermentation processes for the preparation of tacrolimus or a salt or derivative thereof by culturing a microorganism capable of producing tacrolimus or a salt or derivative thereof under submerged aerobic conditions with fed-batch processing at a high aeration rate.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel genes mediating the carbon catabolite repression (CCR) of gluconeogenic genes. Furthermore, the polypeptides encoded by said genes as well as the use of said genes in a process for the production of a target fermentation product is provided. Processes for generating such microorganisms are also provided by the present invention. The invention is also related to a genetically engineered microorganism and its use for the production of a target fermentation product, wherein the gluconeogenic genes are relieved from CCR within said microorganism.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a new strain of Streptomyces sp. BICC 7522, its variants or mutants and use of the strain for the production of macrolides, process of production and purification of microlides.

Abstract: The rapamycin gene cluster is an example of a gene cluster which includes a gene (rapL) leading to the formation of a precursor compound (pipecolic acid, in this case) which is required for inclusion in the larger product (rapamycin) produced by the enzymes encoded by the cluster. We have produced a mutant strain containing a rapamycin gene cluster in which the rapL gene is disabled. The strain does not naturally produce rapamycin but does so if fed with pipecolic acid. By feeding with alternative carboxylic acids we have produced variants of rapamycins. Tests have shown biological activity.

Abstract: The current invention describes novel chiral synthetic routes and intermediates for the manufacture of chiral anti-inflammatory agents of general formula VIII in which at least one of the groups X1, X2, X3 is selected from fluoro, chloro, bromo, hydroxy, methoxy, ethoxy, trifluoromethyl, amino whereas the other groups X1, X2, X3 have the meaning of a hydrogen atom, in which at least one of the groups Z1, Z2, Z3 is selected from —O—, —S—, —NH—, —N(—CH3)—, whereas the other groups Z1, Z2, Z3 have the meaning of a —CH2— group, and in which Ar is an aromatic group.

Abstract: Methods for the synthesis of regiospecific rapamycin 42-hemiesters and regiospecific FK506 32-esters with dicarboxylic acids is described. The methods involve catalyzing the reaction between a rapamycin or a FK-506 and a dicarboxylic anhydride or a bifunctional activated ester of dicarboxylic acid with a lipase.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a picolinic acid compound. Specifically, the present invention relates to a method for producing a picolinic acid compound, which comprises reacting an aromatic compound that contains a phenyl group represented by the following formula (I), (II), or (III) with aromatic ring dioxygenase, aromatic ring dihydrodiol dehydrogenase, and aromatic ring diol dioxygenase, and obtaining a picolinic acid compound (I?), (II?), or (III?). wherein, H1 is an optionally substituted heterocyclic group, A1 is a single bond or an optionally substituted C1-4 alkylene group or alkenylene group, P2 is an optionally substituted phenyl group, and C1 is an optionally substituted cyclic hydrocarbon group (excluding a phenyl group), and where formula II does not represent diphenylacetylene.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for reducing impurities of mycophenolic acid during fermentation by controlling the level of carbon source during fermentation of mycophenolic acid and for the isolation and use as a standard marker of the impurity homo-mycophenolic acid.

Abstract: A process of the large-scale fermentation of a highly productive ansamitocin-producing strains. A method for isolating crude ansamitocins. A method for purifying ansamitocins.

Abstract: Domains of jerangolid polyketide synthase and modification enzymes and polynucleotides encoding them are provided. Methods to prepare jerangolid in pharmaceutically useful quantities are described, as are methods to prepare jerangolid analogs and other polyketides using the polynucleotides encoding jerangolid synthase domains or modifying enzymes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to modified GTP cyclohydrolase II enzymes that display increased specific activity, and to polynucleotides encoding them. The invention further pertains to vectors comprising these polynucleotides and host cells containing such vectors. The invention provides a method for producing the modified enzyme and a method for producing riboflavin, a riboflavin precursor, FMN, FAD, or a derivative thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method that improves productivity of a useful secondary metabolite by eliminating biological by-products effectively during the culture of a useful secondary metabolite-producing microorganism, and more particularly, in order to efficiently eliminate biological by-products formed during the culture of Sorangium cellulosum, the present invention relates to a method for producing epothilones comprising that a cation exchange resin is added to said culture medium or said culture broth is recirculated through a column charged with a cation exchange resin.

Abstract: A process for the purification and recovery of Tacrolimus (I) (17-allyl-1,14-dihydroxy-12-[2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxycyclohexyl)-1-methyvinyl]-23,25- dimethoxy-13,19,21,27-tetramethyl-11,28-dioxi-4-azatricyclo-[22.3.1.04.9]octacos-18-en-2,3,10,16-tetraone), starting from Streptomyces sp fermentation broth. The process is particularly advantageous in terms of productivity and selectivity of the separation of impurities.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the enzymatic, stereoselective reduction of ketone compounds to provide chiral alcohols, for example the compound of formula Ib:

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing corynebacteria comprising one or more modified genomic sequences, where a vector is used which does not replicate in corynebacteria and whose nucleic acid is not recognized by corynebacteria as foreign.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel source of microorganism for production of Camptothecin and related camptothecinoids. The invention also discloses its isolation, screening for Camptothecin production, growth, fermentation requirements and chemical analysis of Camptothecin (camptothecinoids).

Abstract: A semiconductor device having a first wiring layer including first wirings on a substrate, a contact layer on the first wiring layer and including contacts connected to the first wirings, and a second wiring layer on the contact layer and including second wirings connected to the contacts. Contact pitch is larger than the minimum wiring pitch of the first wirings or the minimum wiring pitch of the second wirings.

Abstract: A microbial method for the preparation of an epothilone containing a terminal hydroxyalkyl group, comprising contacting at least one epothilone having a terminal alkyl group with an enzyme or microorganism capable of catalyzing the selective hydroxylation of said alkyl group to a hydroxyalkyl group, and effecting said hydroxylation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a generalized oxygen-limited cultivation method for myxobacterial strains engineered to heterologously express polyketides synthase (PKS) gene clusters under various oxygen tension conditions, modulating the polyketide congener distribution.

Abstract: This invention relates to a new antibiotic designated P175-A, to production of fermentation of Micromonospora echinospora NRRL 30633, to methods for recovery and concentration from the crude solutions, and to a process for purification and to semisynthetic esters and ethers of P175-A.

Abstract: A microorganism that is a mutant bacterial strain of the species Actinosynnema pretiosum, designated PF4-4, (ATCC PTA-3921), being capable of producing maytansinoid ansamitocins such as ansamitocin P-3 in improved yield compared to previous known strains, and capable of growth under varied culture conditions, and methods of producing maytansinoid ansamitocins by culturing PF4-4 in a suitable growth medium.

Abstract: The invention provides new substantially pure antibiotics designated AC-98-1, AC-98-2, AC-98-3, AC-98-4 and AC-98-5 derived from the microorganism Streptomyces hygroscopicus.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improved methods for the production, isolation and purification of epothilone B. These methods include, for example, a fermentation process for the production of epothilone B, isolation via adsorption onto a resin, and subsequent purification.

Abstract: Plant material enriched in secondary metabolites is produced in tissue culture under conditions that organogenically produce a proliferation of shoots and leafy material, and harvesting the leafy material and shoots while in a green, actively-growing, non-senescent stage. Of particular interest is plant material that produces alkaloids, especially material from poppy (Papaver sp.) that will yield economically attractive levels of morphinane alkaloids, particularly thebaine.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new process for concentrating epothilones in culture media, a new process for the production of epothilones, a new process for separating epothilones A and B and a new strain obtained by mutagenesis for the production of epothilones, as well as aspects related thereto. New crystal forms of epothilone B are also described.

Abstract: There are disclosed a novel microorganism Serratia marcescens strain and a prodigiosin isolated from the microorganism. The prodigiosin is useful as an immunosuppressive in various fields, including the treatment of the diseases requiring immunosuppression and the basic research for the diseases, the transplantation of the organs or tissues, and the immune cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides bioconversion methods for making epothilone analogs. These analogs differ from the starting material by the addition of one or more hydroxyl groups or by the addition of an epoxide. These compounds, in turn, can be further modified by chemical synthesis.

Abstract: A compound represented by formula (I); a process for producing a compound (substance F-1490) of formula (I), wherein X represents —O— and R represents a hydroxyl group, by using a microorganism belonging to the genus Cunninghamella; and a Cunninghamella sp. F-1490 strain (FERM BP-8287) capable of producing the substance F-1490; and an osteoclast differentiation inhibitory agent containing as an active ingredient the compound represented by formula (I): wherein X represents —O— or —CH2—, and R represents a hydroxyl group when X represents —O—, or a hydrogen atom when X represents —CH2—.

Abstract: A process for preparing enantiomer-enriched heterocyclic (R)- and (S)-cyanohydrins of the formula (I), where R1, R2, R3, R4 independently of one another are H, an unsubstituted or substituted C1–C24-alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl radical, where one or more carbon atoms in the chain can be replaced by an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom, an SO or an SO2 group, an unsubstituted or substituted aryl or heteroaryl radical or heterocyclic radical or halogen, hydroxyl, NR5R6, acetyl, oxo, C1–C6-carbalkoxy, C1–C6-carbalkoxyamino, COOR7, cyano, amide, benzoylamino or NO2, R5 and R6 are H, C1–C6-alkyl radical, phenyl radical, benzyl radical or COOR7, or together form a C2–C8-alkylene or heteroalkylene radical, R7 is H or C1–C6-alkyl, n is 0, 1, 2 or 3, X, Y and Z can be an unsubstituted or substituted carbon atom or a radical selected from the group consisting of N, O, S or NR5R6, where R5 and R6 are as defined above, SO or SO2, and at least one of the radicals X, Y and Z is not a carbon atom, where the compo

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the biocatalyst-mediated enantioselective conversion of enantiomeric mixtures of hydrophobic esters uing a biphasic solvent system. More particularly, the present invention relates to the enzyme-mediated enantioselective synthesis of anti-viral compounds, such as 2-hydroxymethyl-5-(5-flurocytosin-1-yl)-1,3-oxathiolane (FTC) and its analogues, in a non-homogenous reaction system.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of formula Wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6a, R6b, R6c, R6d, R6e and R7 are defined in the specification. These compounds are useful as antibiotic agents.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing polyhydroxyalkanoate-containing structure, at least a part of a base material surface of the structure being coated with polyhydroxyalkanoate, the method comprises the steps of immobilizing a polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase on the base material surface, synthesizing, on the base material surface, polyhydroxyalkanoate using a 3-hydroxyacyl coenzyme A to become the substrate of the synthase and the synthase and coating at least a part of the base material surface with the synthesized polyhydroxyalkanoate, wherein the synthase contains an amino acid sequence capable of binding to the base material.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds of formula (I) and to pharmaceutically acceptable salts and solvates thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, W, X, Y, and Ar are as defined herein. Compounds of formula (I) are useful in the treatment of diseases or conditions characterized by cellular hyperproliferation. This invention also relates to means for the preparation of compounds of formula (I); formulations containing compounds of formula (I); and methods for the use of said compounds and formulations in the treatment of a disease or condition characterized by cellular hyperproliferation, including cancer.

Abstract: A process is provided for preparing an enantiopure 1,3-dioxolan-4-one or 1,3-oxathiolan-5-one derivative, which includes bringing a mixture containing enantiomeric 1,3-dioxolan-4-one or 1,3-oxathiolan-5-one derivatives and an enzyme with hydrolytic activity into contact in the presence of a nucleophile. Cleaving a dioxolanone/oxathiolanone ring of one enantiomer occurs by the enzyme with hydrolytic activity and, after the cleavage of one enantiomer has taken place, the uncleaved enantiomer of the 1,3-dioxolan-4-one or 1,3-oxathiolan-5-one derivative is isolated.

Abstract: A microorganism strain which is Streptomyces griseus FERM BP-5420 and processes for preparing compounds by cultivating such microorganism strain.

Abstract: In a process for preparing mevinolin by fermentation of a biomass in a fermentation liquor, which includes dissolving mevinolin from the biomass into the fermentation liquor, and separating the biomass from the fermentation liquor to obtain a separated fermentation liquor, separating the mevinolin from the separated fermentation liquor, and recovering the end product, the improvement which comprises carrying out the dissolving at a pH between 7.5 and about 10, and the separating of the mevinolin is carried out at a pH between about 4.5 and about 1.

Abstract: A microorganism that is a mutant bacterial strain of the species Actinosynnema pretiosum, designated PF4-4, (ATCC PTA-3921), being capable of producing maytansinoid ansamitocins such as ansamitocin P-3 in improved yield compared to previous known strains, and capable of growth under varied culture conditions, and methods of producing maytansinoid ansamitocins by culturing PF4-4 in a suitable growth medium.

Abstract: A microorganism having ability to produce FKI-0076 substance represented by the following formula [I] is cultured in a medium allowing for the accumulation of FKI-0076 substance in the culture liquid. The FKI-0076 substance from can then be isolated the cultured mass. Since the substance has the ability to enhance azole antifungal agents, it provides an action against various fungal infections such as deep-seated mycosis and other fungal infections in low concentration and within a short term. Consequently, the FKI-0076 is useful for reducing the frequency of appearance of resistant microorganisms. Further, usefulness for overcoming resistance is expected.

Abstract: This disclosure describes new antibiotic Cytosporacin having the structure: The invention relates to a new antibiotic designated Cytosporacin, to its production by fermentation, to methods for its recovery and concentration from the crude solutions, and to process for its purification. The invention includes within its scope the agent in dilute form, as a crude concentrate, and in pure form. The invention also relates to the use of the compound according to the invention in antimicrobial compositions and as antiseptics or disinfectants.

Abstract: A microbial method for the preparation of an epothilone containing a terminal hydroxyalkyl group, comprising contacting at least one epothilone having a terminal alkyl group with an enzyme or microorganism capable of catalyzing the selective hydroxylation of said alkyl group to a hydroxyalkyl group, and effecting said hydroxylation.