Abstract: Described is a process for obtaining fatty acid C1-C4 alkyl esters from unrefined fats and oils, wherein: (a) unrefined fats or oils having an acid value of from 1 to 20 are treated with hot steam in a counter-current column to provide a first fraction of free fatty acids and low boiling impurities and a second fraction of de-acidified and de-watered fats or oils; (b) said first fraction is subjected to esterification with lower C1-C4 alcohols to provide a third fraction of fatty acid C1-C4 alkyl esters; (c) said second and said third fraction are combined and subjected to a low pressure transesterification to provide an intermediate fraction of fatty acid C1-C4 alkyl esters, C1-C4 alcohols and glycerol; and (d) said intermediate is subjected to a separation process to remove C1-C4 alcohols and the glycerol to provide a second fraction of C1-C4 alkyl esters.

Abstract: A method for producing biofuels is provided. A method of making biofuels includes dewatering substantially intact algal cells to make an algal biomass, extracting neutral lipids from the algal biomass, and esterifying the neutral lipids with a catalyst in the presence of an alcohol. The method also includes separating a water soluble fraction comprising glycerin from a water insoluble fraction comprising fuel esters and distilling the fuel esters under vacuum to obtain a C16 or shorter fuel esters fraction, a C16 or longer fuel ester fraction, and a residue comprising carotenoids and omega-3 fatty acids. The method further includes hydrogenating and deoxygenating at least one of (i) the C16 or shorter fuel esters to obtain a jet fuel blend stock and (ii) the C16 or longer fuel esters to obtain a diesel blend stock.

Abstract: Provided are pesticidal compositions comprising 4,5-dihydroxyindan-1-one or derivatives thereof for protecting important crops against mites, fungi, and bacteria. The compositions may be manufactured by fractionating fungal extracts.

Abstract: The present invention provides biological oils and methods and uses thereof. The biological oils are preferably produced by heterotrophic fermentation of one or more microorganisms using cellulose-containing feedstock as a main source of carbon. The present invention also provides methods of producing lipid-based biofuels and food, nutritional, and pharmaceutical products using the biological oils.

Abstract: The invention provides modified oleosins, including at least one artificially introduced cysteine, and methods and compositions for producing the modified oleosins. Also provided are polynucleotides encoding the modified oleosins, constructs and host cells comprising the polynucleotides, methods for producing oil bodies comprising the modified oleosins, in vivo and in vitro, and methods for producing oil in host cells and plants. The invention also provides methods for increasing the rate of CO2 assimilation in photosynthetic cells and plants, and involves reducing or preventing lipid recycling, and/or expressing modified oleosins with artificially introduced cysteine residues in the photosynthetic cells and plants. Also provided are methods for increasing oil production in plants, via expression of modified oleosins in the non-photosynthetic tissues/organs of plants.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are obligate heterotrophic microalgae cells containing an exogenous gene. In some embodiments the gene is a sucrose utilization gene, and further disclosed are methods of manufacturing triglyceride oils using sugar cane or sugar beets as a feedstock in a heterotrophic fermentation. In other embodiments the feedstock is depolymerized cellulosic material. Also disclosed are cells that produce medium chain fatty acids at levels not produced in non-recombinant cells of the same species and genus.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for treatment of oil with a lipolytic enzyme which comprises contacting of the oil with particles of base-containing porous amorphous silica.

Abstract: It is an object to provide a novel diacylglycerol acyltransferase. The present invention relates to a diacylglycerol acyltransferase, a polynucleotide encoding the same, and so on. The present invention provides a polynucleotide comprising the nucleotide sequence of, e.g., SEQ ID NO: 1 or 4, a polynucleotide encoding a protein consisting of the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2, an expression vector and transformant comprising the polynucleotide, a method for producing a lipid or fatty acid composition using the transformant, or a food, etc. comprising the lipid or fatty acid produced by the method.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for the production of oil, fuels, oleochemicals, and other compounds in recombinant microorganisms are provided, including oil-bearing microorganisms and methods of low cost cultivation of such microorganisms. Microalgal cells containing exogenous genes encoding, for example, a lipase, a sucrose transporter, a sucrose invertase, a fructokinase, a polysaccharide-degrading enzyme, a keto acyl-ACP synthase enzyme, a fatty acyl-ACP thioesterase, a fatty acyl-CoA/aldehyde reductase, a fatty acyl-CoA reductase, a fatty aldehyde reductase, a fatty acid hydroxylase, a desaturase enzyme, a fatty aldehyde decarbonylase, and/or an acyl carrier protein are useful in manufacturing transportation fuels such as renewable diesel, biodiesel, and renewable jet fuel, as well as oleochemicals such as functional fluids, surfactants, soaps and lubricants.

Abstract: The invention relates to yeast strains in which a human GLUT4 transport or a human GLUT1 transporter can be functionally expressed and to particular GLUT4 transport proteins which can be functionally expressed particularly readily in yeast strains.

Abstract: The present invention relates to ?9 elongases, which have the ability to convert linoleic acid (LA; 18:2 ?-6) to eicosadienoic acid (EDA; 20:2 ?-6) and/or ?-linolenic acid (ALA; 18:3 ?-3) to eicosatrienoic acid (ETrA; 20:3 ?-3). Isolated nucleic acid fragments and recombinant constructs comprising such fragments encoding ?9 elongases along with a method of making long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) using these ?9 elongases in oleaginous yeast are disclosed.

Abstract: A fatty material enzyme interesterification process comprising the steps of: a) providing a fatty material that has optionally undergone at least one prior purification treatment; b) introducing soap into said fatty material to form a soap-containing fatty material mixture, c) homogenising said soap-containing fatty material mixture by mixing, d) contacting said soap-containing fatty material mixture with lipase to produce a soap-containing interesterified fatty material, e) removing soaps from said soap-containing interesterified fatty material to yield interesterified fatty material, wherein said soap is either formed in-situ by addition of aqueous alkali to said fatty material or said soap is introduced directly into said fatty material.

Abstract: A Robotic Algae Harvester (RAH) of the present invention works by providing a CO2 collection mechanism that is installed in power plants or vehicles. These systems are available using current technology and have been proven to be scalable. CO2 is then transported to RAH using ships. The RAH will feed and re-circulate algae broth through the photobioreactors (PBRs). The PBRs float in the ocean while the algae through photosynthesis will transform the CO2 into biomass in a continuous process. The extracted algae will processed into a stable mix of oil and bi-product and transferred to the ship that brought the CO2. The algae is then processed onshore in some of the following manners: converted to biodiesel via transesterification; converted to bio-ethanol via fermentation; burned for electricity generation; and/or used as protein for animal feed or food products.

Abstract: A sugar mixture comprising: monosaccharides; oligosaccharides in a ratio ?0.06 to total saccharides; disaccharides in a ratio to total saccharides ?0.05; pentose in a ratio to total saccharides ?0.05; at least one alpha-bonded di-glucose; and at least one beta-bonded di-glucose. Also disclosed are methods to make and/or use such mixtures.

Abstract: A method for producing glycerin from one or more plants of genus Nicotiana is provided. The glycerin can be derived inter alia from Nicotiana species biomass or from seed. In certain embodiments, the glycerin is produced by either acid-catalyzed hydrolysis or base-catalyzed hydrolysis of acylglycerol-containing starting material derived from tobacco biomass or seed. The invention also provides articles and compositions including smoking articles and smokeless tobacco compositions that include glycerin produced from one or more plants of genus Nicotiana.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel acetyl-CoA carboxylase. The object of the present invention is attained by the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 and the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2 of the present invention.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for growing the microflora Thraustochytrium, Schizochytrium, and mixtures thereof, which includes the growing of the microflora in fermentation medium containing non-chloride containing sodium salts, in particular sodium sulfate. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the process produces microflora having a cell aggregate size useful for the production of food products for use in aquaculture. Further disclosed is a food product which includes Thraustochytrium, Schizochytrium, and mixtures thereof, and a component selected from flaxseed, rapeseed, soybean and avocado meal. Such a food product includes a balance of long chain and short chain omega-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for growing eukaryotic microorganisms which are capable of producing lipids, in particular lipids containing polyenoic fatty acids. The present invention also provides a process for producing eukaryotic microbial lipids.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for growing eukaryotic microorganisms which are capable of producing lipids, in particular lipids containing polyenoic fatty acids. The present invention also provides a process for producing eukaryotic microbial lipids.

Abstract: Provided are hydrolases, including lipases, saturases, palmitases and/or stearatases, and polynucleotides encoding them, and methods of making and using these polynucleotides and polypeptides. Further provided are polypeptides, e.g., enzymes, having a hydrolase activity, e.g., lipases, saturases, palmitases and/or stearatases and methods for preparing low saturate or low trans fat oils, such as low saturate or low trans fat animal or vegetable oils, e.g., soy or canola oils.

Abstract: The disclosure includes a method, process and apparatus for the conversion of biomass to carboxylic acids and/or primary alcohols. The system may include a pretreatment/fermentation subsystem operable to produce a fermentation broth containing carboxylic acid salts from biomass, such as lignocellulosic biomass. The system may also include a dewatering subsystem operable to remove excess water from the fermentation broth to produce a concentrated product. The system may also includes an acid springing subsystem operable to produce a mixed carboxylic acid product. The system may also include a hydrogenation subsystem operable to produce an alcohol mixture, such as a mixture containing primary alcohols. Methods of operating this system or other systems to obtain a carboxylic acid or alcohol mixture are also provided.

Abstract: Promoter regions associated with the Yarrowia lipolytica diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (dgat2) gene are disclosed and have been found to be particularly effective for the expression of heterologous genes in yeast. These promoter regions will be useful for driving high-level expression of genes involved in the production of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids.

Abstract: The invention provides microorganisms such as cyanobacteria genetically engineered to express proteins that include transcription factor domains for upregulation of lipid biosynthetic pathways. In addition to expression a gene encoding a transcription factor domain protein, the recombinant microorganisms can express at least one exogenous gene that encodes a polypeptide for the production of a fatty acid, fatty acid derivative, or triglyceride. Also included are methods of producing a fatty acid, fatty acid derivative, or triglyceride using the engineered microorganisms described herein as well as nucleic acid molecules encoding novel transcription factor domain proteins.

Abstract: Soap and cosmetic products can be made from oil-bearing microbial biomass via the alkaline hydrolysis of glycerolipids and fatty acid esters to fatty acid salts. The saponified microbial oils/lipids can be combined with a variety of additives to produce compositions for use as soaps and other cosmetic products, which may also contain other constituents of the biomass, including unsaponified oils, glycerol and carotenoids, among others.

Abstract: A method for producing an oil or fat containing lauric acid as a constituent fatty acid including: culturing, in a medium, at least one species of algae in the class Cryptophyceae selected from the group consisting of algae belonging to the genus Rhodomonas and algae belonging to the genus Chroomonas selected from among Chroomonas diplococca, Chroomonas mesostigmatica, Chroomonas nordstedtii, and Chroomonas placoidea and recovering, from the culture product, an oil or fat having a lauric acid content of 3 weight % or higher of the fatty acid composition.

Abstract: To provide a method for supplying lauric acid with algae. The method for producing an oil or fat containing lauric acid as a constituent fatty acid includes culturing algae in the class Chlorarachniophyceae in a medium and recovering, from the culture product, an oil or fat having a lauric acid content of 3 weight % or higher of the fatty acid composition.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides, inter alia, Thraustochytrium and relevant methods and reagents, including engineered regulatory sequences from and/or operative in Thraustochytrid or Thraustochytrium, selectable markers useful for engineering microorganisms such as Thraustochytrids, means for mutagenizing microorganisms, novel strains produced by mutagenesis, and methods and compositions related to production of particular compounds in microorganisms.

Abstract: A method for producing biofuels is provided that includes dewatering intact algal cells to make an algal biomass, extracting neutral lipids from the algal biomass, and esterifying the neutral lipids with a catalyst in the presence of an alcohol. The method also includes separating a water soluble fraction comprising glycerin from a water insoluble fraction comprising fuel esters and distilling the fuel esters under vacuum to obtain a C16 or shorter fuel esters fraction, a C16 or longer fuel ester fraction, and a residue comprising carotenoids and omega-3 fatty acids. The method further includes hydrodeoxygenating at least one of (i) the C16 or shorter fuel esters to obtain a jet fuel blend stock and (ii) the C16 or longer fuel esters to obtain a diesel blend stock. The method further includes supplying the hydrogenation and deoxygenation processes with hydrogen produced from reformed light hydrocarbons or an algae culture.

Abstract: The application provides a base stock or a lubricant composition comprising the substances derived from algae by chemical modification of algal oil, including compositions comprising estomers. Methods for obtaining the same are also provided, including chemically modifying the algal oil with a saturated fatty acid under conditions favorable to the formation of a poly-estomer.

Abstract: Provided is a process for esterifying or transesterifying side chains in polymers, which involves esterifying or transesterifying the carboxyl group having the R4 radical of a copolymer obtained by polymerizing a (meth)acrylate of formula (I), and a monomer of formula (II): wherein R1 and R3 are independently H or CH3, R2 and R4 are independently H or an alkyl radical which is optionally substituted by functional groups such as acryloyl, ether, amino, epoxy, halogen or sulfonic acid groups, and n is from 1 to 40, with an alcohol in the presence of an enzyme which catalyzes the esterifying or transesterifying. Further provided is the esterified or transesterified polymer product and its use.

Abstract: A particulate body having a hollow particle and a surface polymer disposed on the outside of the hollow particle and suitable for use in solid phase synthesis, especially production of peptides and oligonucleotides. The particulate body may be used as a chromatography stationary phase column and the buoyancy of the body allows the column to be packed efficiently from the bottom reducing the risk of damage to the stationary phase. The buoyancy of the particulate body may also allow species for example a catalyst to be suspended in a liquid phase to allow reactions, for example hydrolysis of vegetable oil and esterification to produce biodiesel to be carried out with a reduced risk of catalyst loss from a reaction zone.

Abstract: The present invention relates to nucleic acids derived from Limonomyces roseipellis. The invention also relates to the individual coding sequences and to proteins encoded by these sequences as well to a process for converting oleic acid to linoleic acid to linoleic acid and the production of arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid and/or docosahexaenoic acid in a plant.

Abstract: The present invention encompasses a bacterium that produces fatty acids.

Abstract: A process for the production of fats or oils and their extracts containing biologically active chemical compounds from a lipid substrate, the process comprising: a) inoculation of a lipid substrate with fungally derived lipolytic enzymes; b) incubating the inoculated substrate for a period of between about 7-120 days at a temperature of between about 4-35° C., at a humidity of between about 75-100%, and c) processing said substrate mixture to obtain a biologically active fat or oil.

Abstract: Vegetable oils having a low level of glycidol esters are disclosed. Methods for reduction of the content of glycidol esters in edible oils are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention is directed to an integrated method for the processing of palm fruit bunches to oil and other products. The method comprises inter alia separating palm fruit carrying bunches into fruits and lignocellulosic empty fruit bunches, processing the fruits to form palm oil, and at least one lignocellulosic processing coproduct; generating an aqueous stream; producing a non-oil, non-alcohol, non-fatty acid ester third product from the oil, the lignocellulosic processing coproduct, the aqueous stream or from a combination thereof; processing at least a portion of the lignocellulosic empty fruit bunches, lignocellulosic processing coproduct or a combination thereof into a fourth product and optionally producing at least one fifth conversion product from the fourth product; and using at least a portion of the fourth product or a product of its conversion or a combination thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to mutant ?5 desaturases, which have the ability to convert dihomo-?-linolenic acid [DGLA; 20:3 ?-6] to arachidonic acid [ARA; 20:4 ?-6] and/or eicosatetraenoic acid [ETA; 20:4 ?-3] to eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA; 20:5 ?-3] and which possess at least one mutation within the HPGG motif of the cytochrome b5-like domain. Isolated nucleic acid fragments and recombinant constructs comprising such fragments encoding ?5 desaturases, along with a method of making long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids [“PUFAs”] using these mutant ?5 desaturases in oleaginous yeast, are disclosed.

Abstract: Novel gene sequences from microalgae are disclosed, as well as novel gene sequences useful in the manufacture of triglyceride oils. Also disclosed are sequences and vectors that allow microalgae to be cultivated on sugar cane and sugar beets as a feedstock. In some embodiments, the vectors are useful for the purpose of performing targeted modifications to the nuclear genome of heterotrophic microalgae.

Abstract: Provided herein are systems and methods for extracting lipids and/or producing biofuel from algae in marine and freshwater environments, wherein algae and bivalves are co-cultured in a system of enclosures comprising water that comprises recycled nutrients that are essential for algal growth. The system also include enclosures for culturing fishes which are used to harvest the algae.

Abstract: A method for producing biofuels is provided. A method of making biofuels includes dewatering substantially intact algal cells to make an algal biomass, extracting neutral lipids from the algal biomass, and esterifying the neutral lipids with a catalyst in the presence of an alcohol. The method also includes separating a water soluble fraction comprising glycerin from a water insoluble fraction comprising fuel esters and distilling the fuel esters under vacuum to obtain a C16 or shorter fuel esters fraction, a C16 or longer fuel ester fraction, and a residue comprising carotenoids and omega-3 fatty acids. The method further includes hydrogenating and deoxygenating at least one of (i) the C16 or shorter fuel esters to obtain a jet fuel blend stock and (ii) the C16 or longer fuel esters to obtain a diesel blend stock.

Abstract: The present invention relates to nucleic acids derived from Sphaeroforma arctica. The invention also relates to the individual coding sequences and to proteins encoded by these sequences in combination with other sequences as well as to a process for converting oleic acid to linoleic acid to linoleic acid and the production of arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid and/or docosahexaenoic acid in a plant.

Abstract: Provided are hydrolases, including lipases, saturases, palmitases and/or stearatases, and polynucleotides encoding them, and methods of making and using these polynucleotides and polypeptides. Further provided are polypeptides, e.g., enzymes, having a hydrolase activity, e.g., lipases, saturases, palmitases and/or stearatases and methods for preparing low saturate or low trans fat oils, such as low saturate or low trans fat animal or vegetable oils, e.g., soy or canola oils.

Abstract: Adipose cells (sebocytes) are described, The invention especially relates to sebaceous gland cells and to a sebaceous gland cell line with the property of being continuously grown over many sub-cultures. The sebocytes are excellently suited for useful applications.

Abstract: Mutant delta-9 elongases having the ability to convert linoleic acid [18:2, LA] to eicosadienoic acid [20:2, EDA] and/or ?-linolenic [18:3, ALA] to eicosatrienoic acid [20:3, ETrA] are disclosed herein. Isolated nucleic acid fragments and recombinant constructs comprising such fragments encoding mutant delta-9 elongases, along with a method of making long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids [“PUFAs”] using these mutant delta-9 elongases in oleaginous yeast are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method for the production of Very Long Chain Fatty Acids (VLCFA) by fermentation, comprising culturing a recombinant strain of a Yarrowia sp. comprising a heterologous gene coding for a hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratase, under control of regulatory elements allowing expression of the said heterologous gene in the said Yarrowia sp. The invention also concerns the recombinant Yarrowia sp.

Abstract: A method for producing microbial intracellular products, and more particularly a method of producing microbial intracellular products from volatile fatty acids derived from organic waste is provided. The method of producing microbial intracellular products from volatile fatty acids in a multi-stage continuous high-cell-density culture bioreactor system includes the steps of: (a) culturing microorganisms in a bioreactor for microbial growth, thereby growing the microorganisms; (b) culturing the grown microorganisms of step (a) in a bioreactor for production of microbial intracellular products, which includes a medium containing volatile fatty acids, thereby producing microbial intracellular products; and (c) recovering the intracellular microbial products from the culture medium of the bioreactor for production of microbial intracellular products.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a fatty acid, which includes feeding a liquid mixture formed of two liquid phases that flow in a co-current manner into a fixed bed-type reaction column packed with immobilized lipase, and performing a hydrolysis reaction when the two liquid phases are in contact with the immobilized lipase in the fixed-bed reaction column; wherein the fixed-bed reaction column comprises partition plates so as to comprise a plurality of tube- shaped structures, wherein each tube-shaped structure has a cross -section which is rectangular, circular, oval, or polygonal in shape with at least a part being unclosed and the cross-section has a representative length of 100 mm or less.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide for novel strategies to harvest algal lipids using mollusks which after feeding algae from the growth medium can convert algal lipids into their biomass or excrete lipids in their pseudofeces which makes algae harvesting energy efficient and cost effective. The bioconverter, filter-feeding mollusks and their pseudofeces can be harvested and converted to biocrude using an advanced thermochemical liquefaction technology. Methods, systems, and materials are disclosed for the harvest and isolation of algal lipids from the mollusks, molluscan feces and molluscan pseudofeces.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of synthesizing long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, in recombinant cells such as yeast or plant cells. Also provided are recombinant cells or plants which produce long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a group of new enzymes which possess desatorase or elongase activity that can be used in methods of synthesizing long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Abstract: The present invention relates to bioprocess engineering methods in which aqueous phases of anaerobic biologically treated organic suspensions are supplied to algal cultures as media components. The present invention also relates to the use of aqueous phases of anaerobic biologically treated organic suspensions as media components of algal cultures. Additionally, the present invention relates to the use of aqueous phases of anaerobic biologically treated organic suspensions to improve the growth conditions of algae in photobioreactors. Furthermore, the present invention relates to the use of algae for the treatment of aqueous phases of anaerobic biologically treated organic suspensions, in particular of anaerobic biologically treated sewage filtrate. The present invention also relates to bioprocess engineering devices (100) comprising a bioreactor (1), in particular a fermentation tower and a photobioreactor (3).