Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for obtaining sugar and lignin fractions from lignocellulosic materials and to a method for producing fermentation products using the sugars obtained from the lignocellulose. The present disclosure also relates to a method for improving the sugar yield in the enzymatic hydrolysate by introducing a pre-treatment step of hydrothermal hydrolysis with a delignification step using a cationic compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to transgenic nucleic acids, expression cassettes, vectors, plant cells, plant organs and plants. The invention also relates to methods for increasing expression or activity of a target gene, particularly in a plant cell or plant organ, and also to uses of recombinant nucleic acids and expression cassettes to increase expression or activity of a target gene or for manufacturing of a vector, plant cell, plant organ or plant. Incidentally, the invention relates to enhancers for achieving increased expression or activity of a target gene, particularly in a plant cell or plant organ, when operably linked to a promoter functional in such plant cell, plant organ or plant. The invention is described herein with reference to the technical field of production of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), without being limited to this technical field. For the production of desired molecules in plant cells, e.g.

Abstract: PROBLEM To provide a composition comprising highly enriched PUFA or its alkyl esters while containing fatty acid esters of 3-MCPD at adequately low concentrations and to provide an efficient method for producing the composition. MEANS FOR SOLVING A composition that contains fatty acids or fatty acid alkyl esters as its major component, the composition containing highly unsaturated fatty acid or alkyl ester thereof, wherein the proportion of the highly unsaturated fatty acid in the constituent fatty acids of the composition is 50 area % or more and wherein the concentration of 3-MCPD as found upon analyzing the composition by American Oil Chemists' Society official method Cd 29b-13 assay A is less than 1.80 ppm.

Abstract: Disclosed are an enzymatic batchwise or continuous process for the production of fatty acid alkyl esters for use in the biofuels, food and detergent industries and a system therefor. The process utilizes enzymes immobilized on a hydrophobic resin mixed with a fatty acid source and an alcohol or alcohol donor in the presence of an alkaline or mild alkaline aqueous buffer, or in the presence of water or aqueous solution. The production process for fatty acid alkyl esters is carried out by transesterification or esterification simultaneously or sequentially. The biocatalyst activity is maintained with no significant activity losses in multiple uses and also avoids the accumulation of glycerol and water by-products or other hydrophilic compounds on the biocatalyst.

Abstract: A method for producing alkane and a recombinant microorganism with good alkane productivity in a reaction system for synthesizing alkane by alkane synthase activity are provided. Alkane productivity is significantly improved in a system for synthesizing alkane by alkane synthase in the presence of ferredoxin. Specifically, the method for producing alkane according to the present invention comprises synthesizing alkane by alkane synthase in the presence of ferredoxin.

Abstract: The invention discloses a method for preparing rapeseed oil by a semi-solid aqueous enzymatic process, belonging to the field of functional foods and health care products. The present invention first prepares a semi-solid rapeseed paste with 3.5-4.5% moisture content, which is hydrolyzed by a mixture of pectinase, cellulase and alkaline protease to extract rapeseed oil. The resulting rapeseed oil contains high levels of active ingredients including totaxin, sterol, phenols and beta-carotene. The rapeseed oil of the invention can be added into animal feeds, which helps to reduce animal blood lipid levels and body weight. It can significantly reduce the contents of total triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDC-C in the blood, and, at the same time, increases the level of HDL-C in the blood. In addition, the rapeseed oil prepared by the present invention can relieve hepatic steatosis in hyperlipemia rats.

Abstract: Nutritional formulas comprising long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) are provided, along with methods and devices for preparing and/or administering nutritional formulas. In some embodiments, a percentage of the LC-PUFAs in the nutritional formula are in the form of monoglycerides and/or free fatty acids. In some embodiments, the nutritional formulas do not comprise added lipase. Also provided are methods for providing nutrition to a subject, methods for improving fat absorption, methods for improving cognitive ability, methods for preventing chronic lung disease, and methods for reducing the length of time a patient requires total parenteral nutrition.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the production of a microbial oil comprising culturing a micro-organism in a two stage fermentation process where, in a last stage that precedes the end of fermentation, the carbon source is: consumed by the micro-organisms at a rate greater than it is added to the medium; added at a rate #0.30 M carbon/kg medium; or is rate limiting on the growth of the micro-organism. The micro-organisms thus have the carbon source restricted so that they preferentially metabolise fats or lipids other than arachidonic acid (ARA), so increasing the proportion of ARA in the cells. A microbial oil is then recovered from the micro-organism, using hexane as a solvent, that has at least 50% ARA and at least 90% triglycerides.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and kits for the rapid confirmation of an initial analyte test result. In a preferred embodiment, the process confirms the presence of a given microbial target in a mixed culture, or a mixed enrichment media, even when the competing organisms in the mix belong to related species, or are various biotypes of the same species.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing dioic acids from a substrate containing hydrocarbons or fatty acids using a Candida infanticola strain, and to a Candida infanticola microorganism used therefor. The present invention reduces the cost increase resulting from the fluctuation in the international oil price and the burden of environmental pollution, which are caused by the use of fossil fuels, and thus can be utilized in various industrial fields using DDDA as a raw material.

Abstract: A novel method of reducing the melting point of a peptide-based biopolymer using a nitrogen-containing compound as a plasticizer is provided. The peptide-based biopolymer can be keratin or silk. The nitrogen-containing compound can be one or more amino acids or other nitrogen-containing compounds (except urea), all of which have a melting temperature above approximately 133° C., the decomposition temperature of urea. Pellets made using this novel process can be used as animal feed and soil amendments (fertilizer) to increase the adsorption of amino acids in the animal or in the soil, respectively.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for culture of microalgae, advantageously of the genus Crypthecodinium having a gene coding for the small 18s ribosomal RNA subunit having a genetic similarity of at least 96% with the same gene of the strain of the species Crypthecodinium cohnii deposited in the CCAP (Culture Collection of Algae and Protozoa) under number CCAP 1104/3 in a defined chemical medium.

Abstract: Medicaments and therapeutic compositions comprise Red Yeast Rice extract and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and/or derivatives thereof, e.g., DHA, derivatives of DHA, EPA, derivatives of EPA or mixtures thereof. One source of the fatty acids or derivatives thereof is fish oil. The compositions are useful for lowering cholesterol and/or triglyceride levels in a subject.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and systems for the production of lipid products from a gaseous substrate using a two stage fermentation process. The method comprises providing a gaseous substrate comprising CO, CO2 or H2 or mixtures thereof, to a first bioreactor containing a culture or one or more microorganisms, and fermenting the substrate to produce acetate. The acetate from the first bioreactor is then provided to a second bioreactor, where it is used as a substrate for fermentation to lipids by one or more microalgae.

Abstract: The current invention provides a recombinant bacterium, the recombinant bacterium being genetically modified to decrease or eliminate the display of lipoteichoic acid (LTA), surface layer protein B (SlpB) and surface layer protein X (SlpX) on the surface of said bacterium. Efficacious therapies for a subject suffering from an inflammation mediated disease are also provided. The methods of the current invention comprise administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of the recombinant L. acidophilus cells or a therapeutically effective amount of the isolated surface layer protein A (SlpA) or a non-naturally occurring derivative thereof. The recombinant L. acidophilus cells or SlpA isolated from L. acidophilus can be in a pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and/or excipient. In an embodiment of the invention, the pharmaceutical composition is administered orally.

Abstract: The invention features plant acyl-ACP thioesterase genes of the FatB class and proteins encoded by these genes. The genes are useful for constructing recombinant host cells having altered fatty acid profiles. Oleaginous microalga host cells with the new genes or previously identified FatB genes are disclosed. The microalgae cells produce triglycerides with useful fatty acid profiles.

Abstract: Materials and methods are provided for making soybean varieties that have altered oil composition as a result of mutations in the FAD3A, FAD3B, and FAD3C genes.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for synthesizing dienes and derivative thereof, such as isoprene, in Cupriavidus necator are provided.

Abstract: Provided is ?3 desaturase having high enzymatic activity even at normal temperature. A polypeptide which consists of an amino acid sequence having an identity of 80% or more with the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 and has ?3 desaturation activity on C20 fatty acid, and a gene thereof.

Abstract: A method for reducing the amount of acrylamide in recovered water from a fryer stack. This invention provides a method to treat acrylamide in the waste water/process water. Organic compounds such as phenols, acrylamide and phenolic compounds can be oxidized in the presence of oxidizing compounds like hypo and Fenton reagent. Fenton reagent is a product of reaction of Iron Salts (like Ferrous Sulphate-FeSO4) and Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2). It generates OH* (radical) which has significantly more oxidation power compared to traditional oxidizing agents such as Chlorine. The fryer stack water is collected and treated using Fenton reagent such that the Acrylamide levels are reduced to less than 0.1 ppb in the recovered water.

Abstract: Methods and engineered yeast cells for generating a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid product are provided herein. A method comprises providing engineered yeast cells and a feedstock to a reactor. In the reactor, the engineered yeast cells are subjected to fermentation by incubating the engineered yeast cells for a time period to produce a solution comprising the BIA product and cellular material. The solution comprises not more than one class of molecule selected from the group of protoberberine, morphinan, isopavine, aporphine, and benzylisoquinoline. Additionally, at least one separation unit is used to separate the BIA product from the cellular material to provide the product stream comprising the BIA product.

Abstract: The invention provides non-naturally occurring microbial organisms containing a fatty alcohol, fatty aldehyde or fatty acid pathway, wherein the microbial organisms selectively produce a fatty alcohol, fatty aldehyde or fatty acid of a specified length. Also provided are non-naturally occurring microbial organisms having a fatty alcohol, fatty aldehyde or fatty acid pathway, wherein the microbial organisms further include an acetyl-CoA pathway. In some aspects, the microbial organisms of the invention have select gene disruptions or enzyme attenuations that increase production of fatty alcohols, fatty aldehydes or fatty acids. The invention additionally provides methods of using the above microbial organisms to produce a fatty alcohol, a fatty aldehyde or a fatty acid.

Abstract: A method of producing a polyunsaturated fatty acid in a transgenic bacterium, includes: introducing a recombinant plasmid into a bacteria cell to obtain the transgenic bacterium, wherein the recombinant plasmid comprises a polynucleotide encoding one or more elongase and one or more desaturase; incubating the transgenic bacterium in a medium containing a fatty acid substrate; harvesting the transgenic bacterium, and extracting the polyunsaturated fatty acid from the transgenic bacterium. A method of converting linoleic acid to arachidonic acid and a cassette and recombinant plasmid comprising nucleic acid sequences for the above methods are also provided.

Abstract: A method of producing a lipid, containing the steps of culturing a transformant obtained by introducing a gene encoding the following protein (a) or (b) into cyanobacteria, and producing a lipid: (a) a protein consisting of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1; and (b) a protein consisting of an amino acid sequence having 60% or more identity with the amino acid sequence of the protein (a), and having ?-ketoacyl-ACP synthase activity.

Abstract: We identified 17 transcription factor genes that regulate lipid production and activity in an organism. We subsequently detailed characterization of one of them (psr1). Constructs, methods and systems for enhancing or increasing lipid production in an organism are described.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the generation of bio-products from organic matter feedstocks. More specifically, the present invention relates to improved methods for the hydrothermal/thermochemical conversion of lignocellulosic and/or fossilized organic feedstocks into biofuels (e.g. bio-oils) and/or chemical products (e.g. platform chemicals).

Abstract: The present invention relates functional ligands to target molecules, particularly to functional nucleic acids and modifications thereof, and to methods for simultaneously generating, for example, numerous different functional biomolecules, particularly to methods for generating numerous different functional nucleic acids against multiple target molecules simultaneously. The present invention further relates to functional ligands which bind with affinity to target molecules, such as amino acids, such as citrulline, and to target molecules such as crystallin or its subunits, such as alpha crystallin B-chain (CRYAB).

Abstract: This disclosure describes techniques for creating stable, targeted mutations in Spirulina (Athrospiria) and Spirulina having stable, targeted mutations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for obtaining a mutant strain of oleaginous yeast which is useful as a template strain of yeast for obtaining other mutant strains of oleaginous yeast which are capable of producing an unusual fatty acid. The present invention also relates to the mutant strains of yeast obtained by said method.

Abstract: A highly unsaturated fatty acid or a highly unsaturated fatty acid ethyl ester that has been produced using as a feedstock oil a fat or oil that contains highly unsaturated fatty acids as constituent fatty acids and which has been reduced in the contents of environmental pollutants, wherein among the dioxins contained, polychlorinated dibenzoparadioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) are contained in amounts of less than 0.05 pg-TEQ/g and coplanar PCBs (Co-PCBs) in amounts of less than 0.03 pg-TEQ/g. Also disclosed is a method for producing the highly unsaturated fatty acid or highly unsaturated fatty acid ethyl ester by the steps of removing free fatty acids and environmental pollutants by thin-film distillation from a feedstock oil, ethyl esterifying the resulting fat or oil, and refining the same by rectification and column chromatography.

Abstract: The present technology provide a method of dewatering whole stillage. The addition of a xylanase in combination with a pectinase results in a wet cake with a higher dry mass. The advantage here is less energy consumption while drying.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for obtaining a lipid from a cell by lysing the cell, contacting the cell with a base and/or salt, and separating the lipid. The present invention is also directed to a lipid prepared by the processes of the present invention. The present invention is also directed to microbial lipids having a particular anisidine value, peroxide value, and/or phosphorus content.

Abstract: The invention analyzed a protein sequence using the Udwary-Merski algorithm and identified a tetradomain fragment (DH1-DH2-UMA) which consists of two predicted DH-like domains and two pseudodomains N-terminal to them. This arrangement of domains and pseudodomains is fundamentally the opposite of what is typically observed in the DH cassettes of actinobacterial polyketide synthases or mammalian fatty acid synthases, both of which feature C-terminal pseudodomains. The invention modified E. coli by over expressing DH1-DH2-UMA in E. coli resulting in an increase in the overall production of all the fatty acids normally present in the E. coli fatty acid profile.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a genetically modified yeast host cell capable of producing one or more fatty acids, or fatty acid-derived compounds, or a mixture thereof, comprising: (a) increased expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (such as ACC1), (b) increased expression of one or more fatty acid synthases (such as FAS1 and FAS2), and (c) optionally reduced expression of one or more enzymes involved in or in the ?-oxidation pathway (such as peroxisomal transporters PXA1 and PXA2, and ?-oxidation enzymes POX1, POX2, and POX3).

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing ?-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids by culturing specific myxobacterial stains and myxobacterial strains suitable for said method.

Abstract: The amino acid and nucleic acid sequences of a ?5-desaturase enzyme and a ?8-desaturase enzyme are disclosed. The nucleic acid sequences can be used to design recombinant DNA constructs and vectors. These vectors can then be used to transform various organisms, including for example, plants and yeast. The transformed organisms will then produce polyunsaturated fatty acids. The amino acid sequences are useful for generating enzyme-specific antibodies that are useful for identifying the desaturases.

Abstract: A method of producing lipids, containing the steps of: culturing a transformant in which the expression of a gene encoding the following protein (A) or (B) is enhanced, and producing long-chain fatty acids or the lipids containing these fatty acids as components, wherein: protein (A) is a protein consisting of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1; and protein (B) is a protein consisting of an amino acid sequence having 70% or more identity with the amino acid sequence of the protein (A), and having ?-ketoacyl-ACP synthase activity.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing an extract of a matrix of vegetable origin, particularly a plant, involving a solid-liquid extraction by means of an aqueous solution containing at least one, preferably agro-sourced, non-ionic amphiphilic compound, at a concentration at least equal to the minimum hydrotrope concentration thereof.

Abstract: The invention provides a HYA derivative having superior physiological functions intrinsic to HYA and permitting easy ingestion and easy handling, and use thereof. In particular, the invention relates to a triglyceride in which at least one fatty acid forming an ester bond with a hydroxy group of glycerol is 10-hydroxy-cis-12-octadecenoic acid, or an optical isomer thereof, and a composition (edible fat or oil, food, medicament, cosmetic etc.) containing same.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for the genetic manipulation of Algal cells. The compositions and methods allow enhanced transfer of genetic material into Algal cells and the cloning and selection of genetically modified cells. Expression of proteins encoded by the genetic material will be enhanced by the methods and compositions of the invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to genetically modified agricultural plants with increased oil content in vegetative tissues, as well as to expression systems, plant cells, seeds and vegetative tissues related thereto.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of plant molecular biology. More particularly, the present invention relates to the isolation of nucleic acids encoding terpene synthases (TPSs), including a novel, multifunctional TPS identified herein as CoTPS2.

Abstract: Provided herein is technology relating to natural lipids containing non-?-oxidizable fatty acids and particularly, but not exclusively, to compositions and methods related to the production and use of natural lipids containing non-?-oxidizable fatty acids.

Abstract: The present invention discloses novel oligonucleotide primer sequences BC1, BC2 and BC3 for the identification of Bacillus coagulans. The invention also discloses a PCR based method for the identification of Bacillus coagulants using the aforesaid primers, wherein positive amplification with primer sets BC1, BC2 and negative amplification with primer set BC3 confirms the presence of Bacillus coagulans.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of methods for purifying fatty acid ethyl esters. According to the present invention, a method for obtaining a ?3 fatty acid ethyl ester, such as EPA and DHA, each as a high purity product at a high yield is provided. In the method according to the present invention, a raw material fat including EPA and DHA is treated with a lipolytic enzyme and ethyl-esterification is performed as needed; the treated substance is fractionated into a glyceride fraction and a free fatty acid fraction; a fraction comprising more EPA ester and a fraction comprising DHA ester are obtained from the respective fractions; the fraction comprising more EPA ester is purified to prepare a high-purity EPA ester; and the fraction comprising more DHA ester is purified to prepare a high-purity DHA ester.

Abstract: Process for extracting volatile fatty acids (VFA), organic molecules called precursors produced by microorganisms (M) in a fermentation reactor (2) by anaerobic fermentation (3) using fermentable biomass (1), said molecules being fermentative metabolites, comprising at least the following steps: a) selecting an extraction means (8) from extraction means that is, at least, insoluble in the fermentation medium and the processing conditions of which preserve the capacity of the microorganisms (M) present in the fermentation medium to produce the molecules, b) bringing the chosen extraction means (8) into contact (9) with the fermentation medium without interrupting the fermentation (3), c) recovering (12) the extracted molecules, at a pH lower than 4.5, by the extraction means (8) outside the fermentation reactor (2). The invention also relates to an installation for implementing the method.

Abstract: There is provided a method for generating an oil/fat component by means of culturing algae, in which marine algae belonging to chlamydomonas are cultured in a culture medium containing sea salt.

Abstract: There are provided microorganisms having a property of producing a lipid containing unsaturated fatty acids as constituent fatty acids and extracellularly secreting the produced lipid encapsulated in lipid particles, methods of screening said microorganisms, as well as methods of efficiently producing a fatty acid-containing lipid using said microorganisms. Furthermore, there are provided lipid particles encapsulating a lipid containing unsaturated fatty acids, and foods, cosmetics, and animal feeds comprising said lipid particles added thereto. Artificially treated microorganisms or microorganisms collected from nature are grown on a solid medium, and microbial strains that form lipid particles at the periphery of the colonies and/or microbial strains that, when cultured in a transparent liquid medium, make the culture liquid cloudy are selected.

Abstract: Provided are methods and yeast cultures for producing glycolipids and glycolipid compositions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing eicosapentanoic acid, docosapentanoic acid and/or docohexanoic acid in transgenic plants. According to said method, the plant is provided with at least one nucleic acid sequence coding for a polypeptide with a ?6 desaturase activity, at least one nucleic acid sequence coding for a polypeptide with a ?6 elongase activity, at least one nucleic acid sequence coding for a polypeptide with a ?5 desaturase activity, and at least one nucleic acid sequence coding for a polypeptide with a ?5 elongase activity, the nucleic acid sequence coding for a polypeptide with a ?5 elongase activity being modified in relation to the nucleic acid sequence in the organism from which the sequence originates, such that it is adapted to the codon use in at least one type of plant. For the production of docosahexanoic acid, at least one nucleic acid sequence coding for a polypeptide with a ?4 desaturase activity is also introduced into the plant.