Abstract: This invention relates to a novel fuel additive composition which provides reduced engine deposits and control of octane requirement increase in engines. The composition comprises:a) a Mannich reaction product of (i) a high molecular weight alkyl-substituted phenol, (ii) amine, and (iii) aldehyde wherein the ratio of (i) to (ii) to (iii) in the reaction is within the range of from 1.0:0.1-10:0.1-10;b) a polyoxyalkylene compound; andc) optionally, poly-.alpha.-olefin;wherein the additive composition contains from about 50 to about 90 wt. % of (a), from about 10 to about 50 wt. % of (b), and from about 0 to about 40 wt. % of (c).

Abstract: The ignition of an aqueous ethanol fuel is essentially improved by using a water soluble adduct of a polyol having 3-10 hydroxyl groups and ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide, the molecular weight of the adduct being 350-10,000. The fuel is in the form of a solution and contains 70-96% by weight of ethanol, 2-10% by weight of water and 0.5-20% by weight of the ignition improving adduct.

Abstract: Poly(oxyalkylene) hydroxyaromatic ethers having the formula: ##STR1## or a fuel-soluble salt thereof; where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently hydrogen, hydroxy, lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or lower alkoxy having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each independently hydrogen or lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R.sub.5 is hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, phenyl, aralkyl or alkaryl having 7 to 36 carbon atoms, or an acyl group of the formula: ##STR2## where R.sub.6 is alkyl having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, phenyl, or aralkyl or alkaryl having 7 to 36 carbon atoms; n is an integer from 5 to 100; and x is an integer from 0 to 10.The poly(oxyalkylene) hydroxyaromatic ethers of formula I are useful as fuel additives for the prevention and control of engine deposits.

Abstract: A fuel additive composition comprising:(a) a poly(oxyalkylene) hydroxyaromatic ether having the formula: ##STR1## or a fuel-soluble salt thereof; where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently hydrogen, hydroxy, lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or lower alkoxy having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each independently hydrogen or lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R.sub.5 is hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, phenyl, aralkyl or alkaryl having 7 to 36 carbon atoms, or an acyl group of the formula: ##STR2## where R.sub.6 is alkyl having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, phenyl, or aralkyl or alkaryl having 7 to 36 carbon atoms; n is an integer from 5 to 100; and x is an integer from 0 to 10; and(b) an aliphatic amine having at least one basic nitrogen atom and containing a hydrocarbyl group which has sufficient molecular weight and carbon chain length to render the aliphatic amine soluble in hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline or diesel range.

Abstract: Additive formulation for engine fuels incorporating at least one constituent (A) and at least one constituent (B), constituent(A) consisting of at least one composition incorporating products resulting from the reaction of at least one dicarboxylic compound(D), whose carboxylic functions are separated by at the most eight carbon atoms, with at least one polyoxyalkylene glycol or glycol mono-ether (E) of general formula (I):R.sup.1 --O--(R.sup.2 --O).sub.n --H,in which R.sup.1 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 represents a divalent hydrocarbon group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms and n is a number from 1 to 60; and constituent (B) consisting of at least one detergent-dispersant product. This formulation preferably also comprises a constituent (C) chosen from within the group formed by mineral or synthetic lubricating oils and polyglycols soluble in the fuel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a low sulfur diesel fuel which contains a propylene, butylene or ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether or polyol in amount sufficient to reduce particulate matter emissions.

Abstract: An additive composition for fuels comprising at least one constituent (A) and at least one constituent (B), the said constituent (A) comprising at least one multinitrogen-containing compound of general formula (I): ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, which are the same or different each represent a hydrocarbon group or a group of formula R.sup.5 --(--O--R.sup.6 --).sub.a --(--O--R.sup.7 --).sub.b --, R.sup.3 is a hydrocarbon group or a group of formula R.sup.8 --(--X--R.sup.9 --).sub.c --(--X--R.sup.1 O--).sub.d --(--X--R.sup.1 1--).sub.e -- in which X is selected from the groups --O-- and --NR.sup.1 2--, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, R.sup.1 0 and R.sup.1 1 each represent a hydrocarbon group, a, d and e are each zero or a whole number, b and c are each a whole number, R.sup.4 and R.sup.1 2 each represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group and n is a number from 0 to 20 and the said constituent (B) comprises at least one polyglycol which is soluble in the fuel in question.

Abstract: Compositions comprising an ethylene-.alpha.-olefin copolymer, an ethylene-unsaturated ester copolymer, and a comb polymer improve the low temperature properties of fuel oils, especially high wax content oils.

Abstract: A fuel additive composition comprising:(a) a poly(oxyalkylene) hydroxyaromatic ether having the formula: ##STR1## or a fuel-soluble salt thereof; where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently hydrogen, hydroxy, lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or lower alkoxy having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each independently hydrogen or lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R.sub.5 is hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, phenyl, aralkyl or alkaryl having 7 to 36 carbon atoms, or an acyl group of the formula: ##STR2## where R.sub.6 is alkyl having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, phenyl, or aralkyl or alkaryl having 7 to 36 carbon atoms; n is an integer from 5 to 100; and x is an integer from 0 to 10; and(b) a poly(oxyalkylene) amine having at least one basic nitrogen atom and a sufficient number of oxyalkylene units to render the poly(oxyalkylene) amine soluble in hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline or diesel fuel range.

Abstract: The present invention describes additives for fuels for use in diesel engines.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a low sulfur diesel fuel which contains a dialkyl and a trialkyl derivative of glycerol in amount sufficient to reduce particulate matter emissions.

Abstract: Fuels for gasoline engines contain a combination of a nitrogen-containing detergent component and an alkoxylate as a carrier oil component, the alkoxylate being a dialkylphenol-initiated propoxylate.

Abstract: The flame luminosity of a methanol fuel is appreciably enhanced by the addition thereto of at least one flame luminosity enhancing agent selected from the group consisting of azine dye, triarylmethane dye, fluorescein dye, imine dye and anthraquinone dye, said dye excluding any metal component whose combustion product(s) tend to cause excessive wear in an engine operated with the fuel composition or tend to significantly interfere with normal operation of such engine or any of its associated systems, the flame luminosity of the fuel composition during burning being appreciably enhanced relative to the flame luminosity of the same burning fuel composition but to which no flame luminosity enhancing agent has been added.

Abstract: This invention relates to a two-cycle engine lubricant composition, comprising (A) at least one dispersant, (B) at least one reaction product of a fatty acid and a polyamine, and (C) at least about 25% by weight of the composition of at least one varnish dissolver selected from (a) keto-alcohols, (b) carboxylic esters having up to a total of 24 carbon atoms and (c) alkoxy alcohols, and (D) at least about 15% by weight of the composition of at least one fluidizing oil, and a method, comprising the steps of introducing into a two-cycle internal combustion engine a fuel-lubricant mixture comprising a major amount of a fuel and a minor amount sufficient to increase compression or release stuck piston rings, of the two-cycle engine lubricant composition.

Abstract: A hybrid fuel composition in the form of a stable water-in-oil microemulsion comprises a liquid hydrocarbon fuel, water, a glycolipid surfactant and a vicinal aliphatic diol co-surfactant. The hydrocarbon fuel can be a liquid fuel for autotraction such as gasoline or diesel fuel, or a liquid hydrocarbon fuel for domestic or industrial heating, such as gas oil, naphtha, kerosene and fuel oils in general.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon oil composition comprising a paraffinic hydrocarbon oil and as an additive, at least one linear polymer of carbon monoxide with one or more .alpha.-olefins having at least 10 carbon atoms per molecule said polymer comprising of substantially alternating monomer units of carbon monoxide and olefins is disclosed. Optionally, the composition may also contain one or more C.sub.9+ or less olefin polymer comprising of substantially alternating monomer units of carbon monoxide and olefins. This composition has and exhibits improved pour point, cloud point, and cold filter plugging point properties. These polymer additives are novel compounds, and a process for their synthesis is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention describes additives for fuels for use in diesel engines. The additive comprises(A) an alkylene oxide condensate or the reaction product thereof and an alcohol, and(B) a monocarboxylic fatty acid, and(C) a reaction product of a hydrocarbyl substituted amine and formaldehyde, and(D) a hydrocarbyl amine, or the reaction product thereof and an alhylene oxide.

Abstract: This invention describes a water fix for an alcohol containing gasoline which has been formulated with a lead replacement.

Abstract: A firelighting fluid for igniting coal and wood, consisting of an alcohol stabilized by the addition of water and at least one alcohol-soluble thickening agent, is described.

Abstract: Storage-stable, pumpable, concentrated dispersions of coal in water contain a non-ionic additive constituted by a polymer containing polyethoxy chains grafted onto suitably functionalized polystyrenes having a molecular weight comprised within the range of from 500 to 15000.

Abstract: Intake valve deposits in port fuel injected engines are reduced by using a mixture of (a) of about 2.5 ppmw or higher of basic nitrogen in the form of an oil-soluble aliphatic alkylene polyamine containing at least one olefinic polymer chain, said polyamine having a molecular weight of about 600 to about 10,000, and (b) from about 75 ppmw to about 125 ppmw based on the fuel composition of certain oil-soluble olefinic polymers, poly(oxyalkylene) alcohol, glycol or polyol or mono or di ether thereof, non-aromatic oils or polyalpha olefins. The fuels are also compatible with carburetor and throttle body injected engines.

Abstract: A motor fuel for internal combustion engines contains a small amount of an additive comprising(a) a conventional amino- or amido-containing detergent for cleaning, or keeping clean, the intake system and(b) as base oil a mixture of(ba) a polyether based on propylene oxide or butylene oxide and having a molecular weight of not less than 500 and(bb) an ester of a monocarboxylic or polycarboxylic acid and an alkanol or polyol, this ester having a minimum viscosity of 2 mm.sup.2 /s at 100.degree. C.