Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the surface peening, in particular for the ultrasonic shot peening, of component (10), in particular of a gas turbine, wherein at least one partial region (12) of the surface of the component (10) is strengthened by applying a blasting agent comprising a plurality of individual blasting particles (56, 58), wherein a blasting agent is used the blasting particles (56, 58) of which have at least two different particle sizes and/or are made of at least two different materials. The invention further relates to such a blasting agent for surface peening.

Abstract: An abrasive for a jet of fluid under pressure in a jet cutting machine, which obtains a high cutting speed and reduced operating cost for the machine, consists of ground quarry quartz granules.

Abstract: A method for producing a molybdenum film for lamp construction is provided. The method may include roughening at least a part of the surface of the molybdenum film by sandblasting with a sandblasting means, wherein the sandblasting means contains at least one of aluminum oxide and quartz sand as well as at least one further component.

Abstract: Particularly, a thin-film solar cell panel or the like is processed without necessity of attaching and detaching of mask and washing steps with respect to a workpiece in a fine blasting employing a fine abrasive. A negative pressure space (20) and an opposing negative pressure space (40) having openings (22, 42) are opposed by being spaced at a movement allowable interval of the workpiece such as a thin-film solar cell panel or the like and so as to face one side edge in the same direction as a moving direction of the workpiece.

Abstract: A waterjet system selectively produces fluid jets for water jet cutting or abrasive jets for abrasive-waterjet-cutting. The abrasive materials in the abrasive jet are determined based on the properties of the workpiece. The waterjet system includes an abrasive delivery system that is capable of delivering either a single abrasive or a plurality of abrasives as an abrasive blend, to a cutting head assembly. The cutting head assembly entrains the abrasive into a fluid jet to form an abrasive jet.

Abstract: To provide a common rail that can prevent stress concentration from arising locally with respect to intersecting portions between a flow path and branching paths and can prevent damage such as cracks. A common rail that is used in a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine comprises: a rail body portion that includes inside of itself a flow path along an axial direction; and branching pipe portions that are arrayed along the axial direction of the rail body portion, project from and are molded integrally with the rail body portion, and each of which includes inside of itself a branching path that branches from the flow path, wherein edges of inlets of the branching paths at intersecting portions between the flow path and the branching paths are chamfered, and, of the edges, the radius of curvature of the edges in the axial direction of the rail body portion is larger than the radius of curvature of the edges in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the rail body portion.

Abstract: A method for generating a jet of dry ice particles, in which liquid carbon dioxide is expanded in an expansion space (12) in order to form dry ice particles which are then introduced into a flow of a carrier gas, and the discharge of the dry ice particles from the expansion space (16) is throttled by a constriction (20, 26; 28; 30; 32; 36; 38).

Abstract: A method is provided to remove a thickness of a sputter target surface deformation layer to thereby achieve a reduced burn-in time during sputtering operations. The method comprises extrusion hone polishing of the target surface with a visco-elastic abrasive medium.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein generally relate to the planarization of substrates. In one embodiment, an apparatus for polishing a substrate is provided. The apparatus comprises a rotatable platen having a textured upper surface, at least one groove formed in the upper surface, and a pad disposed on the textured upper surface and bridging the at least one groove.

Abstract: A method of deburring channel inlet edges inside a cavity of a gas diffuser case is disclosed. The diffuser case has a plurality of channels each having an inner surface and an inlet edge defining an inlet of the channel. The surfaces of adjacent channels co-operate to provide said inlet edge therebetween. The inlet edges of the channels are provided in an inwardly facing circular array around a central axis of the gas diffuser case. The method comprises: inserting a tool head having at least one nozzle in the cavity of the gas diffuser case; and then ejecting abrasive particles from at least one nozzle towards at least one of the channel inlet edges of the gas diffuser case to at least one of decrease a radius of at least one said edge and improve a smoothness of at least one said surface.

Abstract: A fluid jet assembly includes a non-pressurized lance barrel through which a high pressure hose (“a lance hose”) is threaded and anchored at the distal end of the lance barrel relative to an operator's position. The other end of the lance hose is coupled to a high pressure fluid source. The fluid is fed into the lance hose and transported to the output of the lance barrel, where it is discharged as a fluid jet stream. A nozzle is mounted at the output of the lance barrel to control the characteristics of the fluid jet flowing out of the lance hose. When infused with an abrasive material, the fluid jet stream exits the nozzle in a focused jet capable of cutting through most structural surfaces.

Abstract: A fluid jet system providing a hydraulic induction manifold for at least two valves. The manifold is positioned “upstream” of an abrasives holding tank, so that no abrasive material flows through the valves and the manifold. The valves and the manifold provide pressurized fluid for at least two different flows: (1) a primary fluid flow and (2) an abrasive material flow through the abrasives holding tank. The two flows are merged again at a junction to provide a fluid flow having a predetermined abrasive-to-fluid mixture ratio. The manifold balances the pressure of the two different flows using a preset geometric relationship between the two different output flow paths associated with the valves.

Abstract: A micromixing chamber, roughly in the form of an hourglass, having a first outer end with a tangential inflow opening and a second outer end with a tangential outflow opening. The mixing chamber in the overall flow direction first narrows more or less gradually and subsequently widens more or less abruptly. The micromixer may be made at least partially of glass, or at least partially of a plurality of glass plates. A micromixer having a plurality of such micromixing chambers connected fluidically in series is also disclosed. Methods for manufacturing such a micromixing chamber of such a micromixer, as well as method for mixing by means of such a micromixing chamber or by means of such a micromixer, are disclosed.

Abstract: A method of shot peening in which with respect to a carburized and quenched metal part, only its surface abnormal layer detrimental to the fatigue strength thereof is scraped without scraping of the martensitic structure underlying the surface abnormal layer, namely, in which the fatigue strength can be rendered stable and enhanced without surface cracking. As bombardment shot, use is made of a shot with hardness higher than that (first hardness) of the surface abnormal layer occurring at a surface layer portion of metal part prior to shot peening but lower than that (second hardness) of the martensitic structure.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a process chamber component having a textured surface with raised features. The method comprises providing a process chamber component having a surface, and forming a patterned resist layer on the process chamber component, the patterned resist layer having apertures that expose portions of the surface of the process chamber component therethrough. A textured surface having raised features is formed on the process chamber component by propelling grit particles with a gas that is pressurized to a pressure sufficiently high to cause the grit particles to erode and remove material from the surface.

Abstract: A method may be present for sending shot onto a surface. A stream of shot may be directed into an inlet of a nozzle. The stream of shot may be redirected to form a plurality of streams of shot within the nozzle. The plurality of streams of shot may be directed out of a plurality of outputs of the nozzle.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of shot peening at least a portion of a rotary machine comprising a rotor. Shot peening is carried out with a rotor which is at least partly assembled. The method comprises: fixing a system for supporting at least one acoustic assembly to the machine; and shot peening at least one region of the machine using projectiles which are moved by the acoustic assembly.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for injecting solid particles such as dry ice into an airstream using an airlock having a spherical valve member with spaced through ports and rotatable between an annular seal on one side of the spherical member for feeding the particles to the fluid stream chamber with an annular seal on the opposite side for sealing a particle feed chamber. The airlock device is useful for sealing fluid stream pressure of about 133 Kg/m2 and temperatures of about 350° R.

Abstract: A method holds wafers that contain patterned structures using a particle blasting tool. Next, the method directs particles at the patterned structures, such that the particles contact the patterned structures with a predetermined velocity and remove the patterned structures. This process of directing the particles at the wafer is controlled to stop directing the particles when substantially all of the patterned structures are removed from the wafer. This process also comprises selecting the particles to have a size equal to or less than 3 microns. For example, the particles can comprise aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, cerium, and/or a plastic. By maintaining the particle size equal to 3 microns or less, the blasting produces a substantially smooth wafer surface, thereby omitting the need for subsequent wafer polishing. Further, the wafers produced by such processing do not exhibit the highly stress lattice and fragile nature of wafers processed by wet processing.

Abstract: A method of surface finishing a bone implant comprises the steps of roughening a surface of the implant by blasting with abrasive particles and then pickling the surface-roughened implant in a pickling solution in order to loosen any partially embedded abrasive blasting particles that may be contaminating the surface of the implant. Thereafter the roughened surface of the implant is cleaned by mechanical action to detach the loosened abrasive particles there from. The pickling and cleaning steps are not intended to produce any additional roughening of the treated surface, which should be structured to the required roughness by the initial abrasive blasting, typically such that the Ra and Rt roughness parameters are 3?Ra?7 ?m and 20?Rt?70 ?m respectively.

Abstract: This method for manufacturing a surface-coated cutting insert includes clamping and holding a surface-coated cutting insert with a pair of rotary shafts which are rotatable around an axis, and jetting an abrasive fluid to the surface of the surface-coated cutting insert using at least one blasting gun while rotating the surface-coated cutting insert, thereby, conducting wet blasting.

Abstract: Particularly, a thin-film solar cell panel or the like is processed without necessity of attaching and detaching of mask and washing steps with respect to a workpiece in a fine blasting employing a fine abrasive. A negative pressure space (20) and an opposing negative pressure space (40) having openings (22, 42) are opposed by being spaced at a movement allowable interval of the workpiece such as a thin-film solar cell panel or the like and so as to face one side edge in the same direction as a moving direction of the workpiece.

Abstract: A system for ultrasonically peeing surfaces includes a sonotrode comprising a body material and a vibrating surface, the vibrating surface coated with a coating material having a hardness greater than the body material, a treatment chamber defined at least in part by the vibrating surface, and at least one piece of shot within the treatment chamber to be excited by the vibrating surface of the sonotrode, the at least one piece of shot having a hardness greater than or equal to 800 HV.

Abstract: Shot for use in a peening installation, the shot having: hardness greater than or equal to 800 HV; density greater than or equal to 8 g/cm3; and pieces having a maximum dimension less than or equal to 1.5 mm.

Abstract: In a method for surface blasting hollow spaces or cavities, especially cavities of gas turbines, shot balls are accelerated with the aid of at least one vibrator, whereby the ultrasonically accelerated shot balls are directed onto surfaces of a cavity that is to be blasted. The vibrator is preferably positioned with a small spacing distance, preferably on the order of magnitude of the diameter of the shot balls utilized for the blasting, from the cavity to be blasted.

Abstract: A method of machining a blade retention slot with an abrasive water jet machining. A straight blade retention slot along an X-axis then a at least one side of the straight blade retention slot is abrasive water jet machined to generate a curved side of the blade retention slot defined within an X-Y plane.

Abstract: A fluid jet system is configured to etch a workpiece to a plurality of depths to produce an etched part corresponding to a computer image.

Abstract: An initially hydrophobic surface comprising fluoropolymer is treated to provide the surface with hydrophilic properties. A hydrophobic surface comprising fluoropolymer is physically treated to impart a rough texture thereto, thereby providing the surface with hydrophilic properties. In an alternative method, a roughened surface is treated with a sulfur-based acid, thereby providing the surface with hydrophilic properties In yet another method, a non-roughened surface fluoropolymer surface is treated with a sulfur-based acid for a time sufficient for the surface to exhibit hydrophilic properties. Products made by these processes are also described.

Abstract: A method for drilling or cutting a pin (31) surrounded by solid material (32) includes the use of a water jet tool (10) having a nozzle (11) that is arranged at an angle with respect to a main body (12) of the water jet tool (10). The water jet is directed over a portion of the surface of the pin (31), and removes that portion thereby fragmenting the pin (31). In order to minimise damage to the surrounding material, the portions removed touches the interface between the pin and the surrounding solid material at a minimal number of points and over a minimal extent of the interface. The method is applicable in particular to the removal of pins (31) used in a press-fit for the securing of blades (3) on a turbine rotor (1). The method facilitates “in situ” removal of pins within a confined space in a short time and at reduced cost.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a process chamber component having a textured surface includes applying a resist layer on an underlying surface of the component. A predetermined pattern of apertures is formed in the resist layer that exposes the underlying surface of the component. The underlying surface is etched through the apertures in the resist layer to form a textured surface having raised features with top corners. The resist layer is removed, and a treatment step is performed to form top corners that are rounded. In another method, the textured surface is formed by providing a patterned mask having apertures above the surface of the component. A material is sprayed through the apertures in the patterned mask and onto the surface to form a textured surface with raised features having the material.

Abstract: Embodiments of methods for marking a spinal rod to aid medical personnel in placement of the spinal rod in a medical patient are disclosed. In certain embodiments, a spinal rod is anodized a first color. Next, a portion of the anodized color is removed from the spinal rod to form a marking. In other embodiments, the anodized spinal rod is anodized a second time to better differentiate the marking from the remainder of the spinal rod.

Abstract: The invention relates to a horse snaffle bit with two lateral parts and a shackle, which is situated between these parts and comprises at least one joint and two lateral sections, each lateral section having an end located a distance from the joint and a borehole is made in these distal ends of the lateral sections to accommodate one of the parts in a manner that enables them to move freely. Additionally, each lateral section has a first surface area and a second surface area; the first surface area has a matte surface and extends from the joint to a distance of at least 20% and no greater than 50% of the overall length of the lateral section from the joint, and the second surface area has a high-lustrous surface and is connected to the first surface area and extends to the distal end of the lateral section.

Abstract: A method is provided for removing iron oxide scale from sheet metal and producing a sheet metal surface with rust inhibitive properties. The sheet metal is advanced through the descaling cell and a slurry mixture is propelled against at least one of the top surface and bottom surface of the sheet metal across the sheet metal width as the material is advanced through the descaling cell. The rate of slurry impact against the at least one of the top surface and bottom surface of the sheet metal is controlled in a manner to remove substantially all of the scale from a surface of the sheet metal, and in a manner to create a passivation layer on the descaled surface of the sheet metal. The passivation layer comprises at least one of silicon, aluminum, manganese and chromium and inhibits oxidation of the descaled surface of the processed sheet metal.

Abstract: An abrasive cutting or drilling system, apparatus and method, which includes an upstream supercritical fluid and/or liquid carrier fluid, abrasive particles, a nozzle and a gaseous or low-density supercritical fluid exhaust abrasive stream. The nozzle includes a throat section and, optionally, a converging inlet section, a divergent discharge section, and a feed section.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to provide an apparatus which is capable of continuously and effectively shattering wastes including organic substances and even such wastes as including fat or other doggy substances suspended in a water, without obstructing an operation of the apparatus. The apparatus comprises a cylindrical vertical housing having annular passages partitioned by adjacent two or more substantially concentric cylindrical walls, a water injection device which produces a pressurized water flow so as to supply high-speed water flows tangentially into the annular passages, and a nozzle which is disposed in any one of the cylindrical walls so as to supply a slurry including organic substance particulates into the high-speed water flows and thus ultrafinely shatters the organic granular substances into particulates having the size of a few micrometers by cavitation effect and/or shearing effect produced in the high-speed water flows.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a porous material in which complicated and fine through portions, recessed portions, and the like have been patterned. It is to provide a patterned porous molded product or nonwoven fabric, in which a plated layer has been selectively formed on the surfaces of the through portions and the recessed portions. With the invention, a mask having through portions in a pattern is placed on at least one side of the porous molded product or the nonwoven fabric. A fluid or a fluid containing abrasive grains is sprayed from above the mask, thereby to form through portions or recessed portions, or both of them, to which the opening shape of each through portion of the mask has been transferred, in the porous molded product or the nonwoven fabric.

Abstract: The invention provides a dosing device for a particulate material blasting apparatus comprising a dosing chamber having a base, a rotor carrying a plurality of circumferentially formed pockets ratably mountable with the chamber, a particulate product feed conduit adapted to feed particulate product onto a base of the dosing chamber adjacent a receiving side of the dosing chamber and a particulate product delivery conduit formed in the base of the dosing chamber adjacent a delivery side of the dosing chamber. The base of the dosing chamber is disposed with respect to the particulate product feed conduit such that particulate material will not spill over the base into the delivery conduit. The rotor is disposed with respect to the feed conduit such that particulate product fed onto the base of the dosing chamber will be picked up by the pockets formed in the rotor and lifted up and around the chamber from a receiving side of the dosing chamber to a delivery side of the dosing chamber.

Abstract: A method for the surface treatment of ferritic/martensitic 9-12% Cr steels for the purpose of achieving an improved oxidation behavior and increased resistance to solid particle erosion at application temperatures of above 500° C., in particular around 650° C., in steam includes, in a first step, a known shot peening of the surface of the steel with steel particles, and, subsequently, in a second step, shot peening with glass particles, optionally, in a following third step, the surface of the steel being smoothed. A subsequent additional heat treatment is unnecessary.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of fabricating a part including at least one face in the form of a surface of revolution from a structure made up of a plurality of thin-walled hollow bodies. In order to ensure that cutting takes place without damaging the walls and/or the bonds between the walls of the hollow bodies, the part is machined in the structure by means of a water jet. More precisely, during machining, the structure is attacked with a jet of water under pressure that is directed tangentially relative to the outer envelope of said at least one face to be made in the form of a surface of revolution.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for removing a coating having an irregular surface configuration that includes mapping the irregular surface configuration, and using the mapping determination in controlling the operation of an abrasive water jet to provide increased material removal rates at the higher points in the irregular surface and decreased material removal rates at the lower points, and thereby even out the surface configuration of the coating. The method and apparatus also includes using a detection device for detecting the presence or absence of an element that is unique to a layer of a coating, and using the detection determination in controlling the operation of the abrasive water jet to stop material removal of the coating when the detection device determines there is an absence of the unique element.

Abstract: In blasting with an abrasive containing liquid to confer elasticity, the abrasive from which liquid evaporates in the course of continuance use is uniformly supplied with liquid. Liquid for swelling an elastic abrasive is sprayed in an air flow for transporting the abrasive in a blasting machine 1 including an abrasive-recovery duct 91 communicating between a bottom of a cabinet 2 and an abrasive-recovery tank 3, the abrasive-recovery tank 3, a compressed gas before being introduced into a blasting gun 8, and so forth. Since the abrasive being transported in the air flow is separated into individual particles, each abrasive can be uniformly supplied with liquid.

Abstract: Grinding machine with a machine bed, with a tool carriage that is linearly movable on the machine bed in a Y-axis, with a tool spindle, which is mounted in the tool carriage so as to rotate around an X-axis that is perpendicular to the Y-axis, and which can be rotationally driven, with an X-carriage that is linearly movable on the machine bed in the X-axis, with a Z-carriage that is linearly movable on the X-carriage with a Z-axis that is perpendicular to the X-axis and the Y-axis, and with a work piece jig, which is arranged on the Z-carriage so as to pivot around a B-axis, which is parallel to the Y-axis, and which is capable of rotating around its A-axis, which is perpendicular to the B-axis.

Abstract: A nozzle assembly for a tool which utilizes a particulate/fluid mixture comprises a unique floating ferrule within a handpiece assembly, and eliminates the need, in the prior art, for a nose piece to attach a nozzle to the handpiece assembly. Rather, the nozzle and its integral holder are designed so that a hose may be slipped over its extended rear tube and then, when the handpiece with its floating ferrule is twisted on, the hose is captured and sealed. This is managed because the ferrule is unengaged when the handpiece tube is first started to be threaded onto the nozzle holder. After a few turns, the ferrule pushes against the hose and seals it against the rear extension of the nozzle holder. When the handpiece is unscrewed from the nozzle, because the nozzle must be replaced, the ferrule remains attached to the nozzle and hose, allowing for easy turning. Once the handpiece is unscrewed from the nozzle, the nozzle may be tipped slightly to disengage it from the hose very easily.

Abstract: A method of surface finishing a bone implant comprises the steps of roughening a surface of the implant by blasting with abrasive particles and then pickling the surface-roughened implant in a pickling solution in order to loosen any partially embedded abrasive blasting particles that may be contaminating the surface of the implant. Thereafter the roughened surface of the implant is cleaned by mechanical action to detach the loosened abrasive particles there from. The pickling and cleaning steps are not intended to produce any additional roughening of the treated surface, which should be structured to the required roughness by the initial abrasive blasting, typically such that the Ra and Rt roughness parameters are 3?Ra?7 ?m and 20?Rt?70 ?m respectively.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention describe a method for reclaiming a substrate by removing surface films with media blasting. A substrate is provided having a surface film. Media blasting is performed on the substrate to remove the surface film from the surface. In one embodiment media blasting removes a film from the substrate top surface. In another embodiment media blasting removes a film from the substrate top surface and side surface.

Abstract: A method of blasting hazardous substance or explosive in a pressure vessel is provided to improve efficiency while suppressing enlargement of the pressure vessel. To achieve it, the method includes an installing step of installing two or more articles to be treated at a certain spacing in the pressure vessel, an initial blasting step of blasting one of the articles to be treated, and a following blasting step of blasting the article to be treated next to the previously blasted article to be treated after a particular time from the instant of the previous blast. Each of the articles is blasted sequentially through the initial and following blasting steps.

Abstract: An aluminum-silicon carbide composite suitable as e.g. a base plate for power module is provided. An aluminum-silicon carbide composite comprising a flat plate-shaped silicon carbide porous body infiltrated with a metal containing aluminum as the main component, aluminum layers made of a material containing aluminum as the main component formed on both principal planes of the porous body, wherein the aluminum-silicon carbide composite has side faces formed by abrasive jet fabrication and the side faces do not have the aluminum layers made of a metal containing aluminum as the main component.

Abstract: A method for improving surface thermal shock resistance of a member made of ceramics to which thermal shock resistance is required comprising, forming homogeneously distributed linear dislocation structure on the surface of the member made of ceramics to which thermal shock resistance is required by blasting abrasives composed of fine particles whose average particle size is from 5 ?m to 200 ?m and whose surface shape is convex, wherein Vickers hardness (HV) of said fine particles is 800 or more and equal to or less than the hardness of the member made of ceramics to which thermal shock resistance is required.

Abstract: The invention relates to a conducting device, in particular a corrugated fin, for a heat exchanger, having at least one surface. In order to improve the efficiency of heat exchangers, in particular of evaporators, the surface of the conducting device has an increased roughness, in particular microscopic roughness.

Abstract: A method for generating a high-velocity cutting jet comprises forming a high velocity jet of a liquid such as water, forming a suspension of an abrasive such as garnet in a carrier gas containing a condensable vapour such as superheated steam, and entraining the abrasive suspension into the liquid jet so that the vapour condenses, producing a cutting jet of a liquid/abrasive mixture. A cutting head of apparatus for generating the cutting jet has a chamber into which the abrasive suspension is passed. The liquid jet traverses this chamber, entraining the suspension, and passes into a tapering transition region and a bore of a nozzle. Kinetic energy is transferred from the liquid jet to the abrasive as they pass trough the chamber and the nozzle. Condensation of the vapour ensures that the cutting jet leaves the nozzle at close to ambient pressure, reducing the diameter of the cutting jet compared to conventional abrasive-in-air systems, so as to increase the energy density of the abrasive.