Abstract: A manufacturing method of the honeycomb structure uses a grinding wheel having a coarse abrasive grain layer and a pair of fine abrasive grain layers sintered and secured to be formed on both sides of the coarse abrasive grain layer, and has a grinding wheel rotating step of rotating the pair of grinding wheels disposed via a predetermined space in a state where fine abrasive grain layers of the grinding wheels face each other; a conveying step of conveying a honeycomb formed body formed by extrusion and the like; an end face grinding step of grinding end faces of the conveyed honeycomb formed body with the rotating grinding wheels; and a firing step of firing the honeycomb formed body.

Abstract: A method of machining a workpiece using a machine tool, the machine tool comprising a tool mount carrying a tool, a workpiece mount carrying a workpiece, a drive mechanism for moving at least one of the tool mount and the workpiece mount relative to the other, and a control arrangement for controlling the drive mechanism. The method comprises moving at least one of the tool mount and the workpiece mount with the drive mechanism under the control of the control arrangement so that the tool contacts a portion of the workpiece to commence a machining operation, and the tool then removes material from the portion of the workpiece until completion of the machining operation, the movement being such that the relative velocity between the tool and the workpiece decreases continuously during the majority of the time that the tool and the workpiece are in contact with each other during the machining operation.

Abstract: A precision hearts and arrows gemstone cut having an AGS light performance grade of ideal 0 and having an ASET image free or essentially free of green hemisphere light in the peripheral regions of the table facet; and methods for shaping the gemstone to eliminate the green table effect. The green table effect is avoided by using specific ranges of crown mains angles, pavilion mains angles, lower halves lengths, and/or lower halves angles, in accordance with specific values and/or mathematical formulae.

Abstract: A handheld abrader has a body, a driving device, an eccentric device, and a grinding tray. The body has a handle and a gun body. The driving device is mounted in the gun body and has a driving shaft. The eccentric device is connected to the driving device and has a transmitting sheath, a transmitting shaft, and an eccentric sleeve. The transmitting sheath is connected to the driving shaft and has two positioning recesses and a receiving chamber. The transmitting shaft has at least one engaging face. The eccentric sleeve is movably mounted around the transmitting sheath and has at least one positioning slice abutting against the transmitting sheath in one of the positioning recesses and an engaging ring mounted in the eccentric sleeve, mounted around the transmitting shaft, and having at least one pressing arm selectively pressed against the transmitting shaft at the at least one engaging face.

Abstract: A method of conditioning a surface of a polishing pad is used for conditioning a polishing pad on a polishing table for polishing a thin film formed on a surface of a substrate. The conditioning method includes bringing a dresser into contact with the polishing pad, and conditioning the polishing pad by moving the dresser between a central part of the polishing pad and an outer circumferential part of the polishing pad. A moving speed of the dresser at a predetermined area of the polishing pad is higher than a standard moving speed of the dresser at the predetermined area of the polishing pad.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a double-disc grinding apparatus including: a rotatable ring holder configured to support a sheet workpiece along a circumferential direction from an outer circumference side of the workpiece; a pair of grinding wheels for grinding surfaces of the workpiece supported by the ring holder; and a hydrostatic bearing for supporting the ring holder without contact from both of a direction of a rotational axis of the ring holder and a direction perpendicular to the rotational axis by hydrostatic pressure of fluid supplied from both directions, wherein supply pressures at which the fluid is supplied from the direction of the rotational axis and from the direction perpendicular to the rotational axis can be independently controlled. The invention provides a double-disc grinding apparatus and a workpiece double-disc grinding method that can improve variation in nanotopography depending on the lot of workpieces or grinding wheels to obtain nanotopography stably.

Abstract: An apparatus for shaping an edge of an aerofoil, the apparatus having first and second brushes and each brush having a plurality of bristles. A first motor rotates the first brush about a first axis and a second motor rotates the second brush about a second axis. The axes are arranged substantially parallel to the bristles of the respective brush. A support structure holds the first brush such that the first axis intersects a first surface of the edge of the aerofoil and holds the second brush such that the second axis intersects a second surface of the edge of the aerofoil. There are means to produce relative movement the first and second brushes and the aerofoil such that the first and second brushes move longitudinally along the edge of the aerofoil to shape the edge of the aerofoil.

Abstract: A medical device includes a housing, and a stylet within the housing having a cutting tip upon a stylet shaft. The cutting tip has a plurality of cutting edges in a regular distribution, each being formed by adjoining facets in an alternating arrangement with the cutting edges. The cutting edges are from six to sixteen in number and each slope toward the stylet center axis, such that the cutting tip forms a centrally located point. The facets each have a continuously concave curvature, such that the cutting edges each have a double hollow profile.

Abstract: A method for grinding out a contoured workpiece including providing a grinding wheel having a first abrasive work surface location and a second abrasive work surface location, the first abrasive work surface location having a first tangential radius and the second abrasive work surface location having a second tangential radius, the first and second tangential radii being different, grinding the workpiece at a first time with the first abrasive work surface location without the second abrasive work surface location performing grinding, and grinding the workpiece at a second time with the second abrasive work surface location without the first abrasive work surface location performing grinding.

Abstract: A honing machine has at least one clamping unit that clamps a workpiece and has a rotary drive for the workpiece. A spindle unit has a stroke drive for an inner honing tool for inner honing of the workpiece. An outer honing device that is movable relative to the workpiece in an axial direction of the workpiece is provided. The outer honing device has several honing stones and an advancing device acting on the honing stones. The honing stones each are advanced in a radial direction relative to the workpiece. The advancing device has at least one linear drive for each one of the honing stones and a common drive motor for all of the linear drives.

Abstract: The wafer polishing apparatus comprises a polishing plate, a polishing head capable of holding a wafer, and a slurry supplying section. The polishing plate includes: a plurality of concentric polishing zones, each of which has a prescribed width for polishing the wafer and on each of which a polishing cloth is adhered; and a groove for discharging slurry being formed between the polishing zones. A head cleaning section, which cleans the polishing head, or a wafer cleaning section, which cleans the polished wafer, is provided to a center part of the polishing plate and located on the inner side of the innermost polishing zone.

Abstract: A method of controlling a polishing operation includes measuring a plurality of spectra at a plurality of different positions on a substrate to provide a plurality of measured spectra. For each measured spectrum of the plurality of measured spectra, a characterizing value is generated based on the measured spectrum. For each characterizing value, a goodness of fit of the measured spectrum to another spectrum used in generating the characterizing value is determined. A wafer-level characterizing value map is generated by applying a regression to the plurality of characterizing values with the plurality of goodnesses of fit used as weighting factors in the regression. A polishing endpoint or a polishing parameter of the polishing apparatus is adjusted based on the wafer-level characterizing map, and the substrate or a subsequent substrate is polished in the polishing apparatus with the adjusted polishing endpoint or polishing parameter.

Abstract: The system for machining the bottom of skis comprises a machine frame, in which a ski is stationary supported by roller carriers. The machining is performed by machining tools on a carriage, which extends throughout under the ski. During the machining, the carrier rollers that are alternately arranged behind each other, take over the support of the ski. There are always so many carrier rollers directly under the ski that its bottom remains in a stationary position.

Abstract: A method of grinding spring ends of helical compression springs is carried out using a numerically controlled spring end grinding machine having a grinding unit, a loading unit and a control unit that controls the loading unit and the grinding unit. The grinding unit has a pair of grinding wheels including two rotatable grinding wheels between which is formed a grinding space. The loading unit has at least one loading plate substantially rotatable axially parallel to the grinding wheels and has a plurality of out-of-axis spring receptacles, each to receive a helical compression spring.

Abstract: The V-belt is produced with inwardly tapered sidewalls using an apparatus having at least one motorized cutting wheel having first axis of rotation and a moving anvil system with an anvil wheel having a second axis of rotation not parallel to the first axis. The anvil system is motorized and situated so the workpiece follows a U-shaped trajectory into the path of the cutting wheel. The circumferential gripping surface of the anvil wheel and circumferential cutting surface of the cutting wheel are geometrically arranged so that at the point of contact between workpiece and cutting wheel the respective surfaces define planes that intersect in an acute angle that defines the inwardly tapered sidewalls.

Abstract: A method of shaping an ophthalmic lens for mounting in a mixed surround of an eyeglass frame that presents at least one half-rim, includes: a) a step of acquiring a longitudinal profile characterizing the shape desired for the outline of the lens; b) a step of subdividing the longitudinal profile into a first arc associated with the half-rim and a second arc, in which step the positions of two singular points of the longitudinal profile are acquired that characterize the positions of the two ends of the half-rim; c) a first step of finishing the ophthalmic lens, during which a first portion of its outline is brought to the shape of the first arc; and d) a second step of finishing the ophthalmic lens, during which a second portion of its outline is brought to the shape of the second arc. In step b), the position of at least one of the two acquired singular points is corrected so as to reduce the length of the first arc of the longitudinal profile.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for machining an exterior surface of a metal alloy casing of a portable electronic device to form a combination of a flat edge surface, a curved edge surface and a flat bottom surface is disclosed. The flat edge surface is abraded by contacting a first flat section of a rotating cutting tool along a first circuit of a pre-determined continuous spiral path. The curved edge surface is abraded by contacting a convex section of the rotating cutting tool along additional circuits of the first pre-determined continuous spiral path. The pitch of vertical movement of the cutting tool is adjusted for each circuit of the continuous spiral path based on a resulting curvature of the metal alloy casing. The bottom surface is abraded by contacting a flat section of the cutting tool along a second pre-determined alternating direction linear path.

Abstract: A method of symmetrically chamfering a substrate includes repeating, at least a plurality of times, the steps of chamfering an edge of the substrate using a chamfering wheel, measuring an asymmetric chamfering deviation (y) of the edge of the substrate which is chamfered, and controlling a relative position of the chamfering wheel with respect to the substrate by a value of a function f(y) of the variable y. It is possible to constantly symmetrically chamfer the edge of the substrate via active response to a change in the chamfering environment without a hardware-based operation of the related art.

Abstract: A method of ductile mode machining a component of a plasma processing apparatus wherein the component is made of nonmetallic hard and brittle material wherein the method comprises single point turning the component with a diamond cutting tool causing a portion of the nonmetallic hard and brittle material to undergo a high pressure phase transformation to form a ductile phase portion of the hard and brittle material during chip formation wherein a turned surface is formed from a phase changed material and the turned surface is a grooved textured surface of phase changed material.

Abstract: A method of efficiently cutting and machining opposite ends of rod members in sequence is provided, which comprises steps of: abutting a grinding wheel (5) against the periphery of a long rod material (10a) placed at a predetermined work position; moving the grinding wheel towards and along the axis of a first portion of the long rod material (10a) in rotation to taper the tail end of the first portion (to be provided as a rod member); and then moving the grinding wheel (5) further towards the axis of the rod material (10a) to cut the first portion off the long rod material and at the same time chamfer the leading end of a second portion of the long rod material in contact with the rear side of the grinding wheel. After removing the first rod member cut off, the sequence of these steps is repeated as needed.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a microneedle including forming a plurality of first linear grooves on a substrate in parallel to one another along a first direction using grinding and forming a plurality of second linear grooves on the substrate in parallel to one another in a second direction intersecting the first direction using grinding. At least one of the forming of a plurality of first linear grooves and the forming of a plurality of second linear grooves includes forming first stage grooves using a first dicing blade; and processing the first stage grooves by tracing the first stage grooves using a second dicing blade having a side surface different from that of the first dicing blade to thereby form second stage grooves.

Abstract: A shaving system includes a razor having a handle and a safety housing with a blade extendably received within the safety housing. An integrated sharpening system incorporates an armature receiving the razor, the armature being movable from a first position for attachment and extraction of the razor and a second position for sharpening of the blade. A sharpening mandrel is provided with a first sharpening surface for sharpening a first side of the blade and a second surface for sharpening of a second side of the blade. The sharpening mandrel is rotatable from a first position for engagement of the first sharpening surface to a second position for engagement of the second sharpening surface. The sharpening mandrel is laterally oscillated for sharpening of the blade. A controller is provided for positioning of the armature and sharpening mandrel.

Abstract: A method and a device for removing secondary burrs raised on the tooth flanks of a work piece wheel by a chamfering of the end tooth edges of said work piece wheel provides a tool wheel that rotationally meshes with the work piece wheel. Said tool wheel has cutting edges on its tooth flanks (5, 6) and their cutting motion, caused by the meshing, removes the secondary burrs by cutting.

Abstract: A self sharpening razor system includes a razor having a handle and a safety housing with a blade extendably received within the safety housing. An integrated sharpening system incorporates an armature receiving the razor and movable between a first position for attachment and extraction of the razor and a second position for sharpening of the blade. A sharpening mandrel is provided with sharpening surfaces for sharpening first and second sides of the blade. The sharpening mandrel is rotatable from to engage the first sharpening surface and second sharpening surface. The sharpening mandrel is laterally oscillated for sharpening of the blade. In alternative embodiments, sharpening is accomplished with reciprocating honing plates with available stropping wheels or integrated honing and stropping wheels with exposure adjustability and sharpness adjustability via honing time variance. A controller is provided for positioning of the armature and sharpening mandrel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a grinding machine for grinding a workpiece, in particular cams, with a grinding wheel having a profile with a grinding region running substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel and at least one profile section which does not run parallel to the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel, a control unit for controlling the grinding process, wherein the control unit is configured in such a manner that, with reference to position information on positions of edges of the workpiece in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the workpiece, the edges of the workpiece are successively deburred or chamfered by the at least one profile section of the grinding wheel during or after the grinding of the workpiece.

Abstract: A personal computer has correction coefficients (?) for tooth-profile error correction and correction coefficients (?) for meshing position correction which are set for each number of times a shaving cutter is sharpened, and for each cutter feature of the shaving cutter. Target tooth-profile data (Do), tooth-profile error data (?D) which is the difference between the target tooth-profile data (Do) and measured tooth-profile data (Dm), and the correction coefficient (?) and the correction coefficient (?) captured in correspondence with the number of times sharpening is performed, and the cutter features are applied to an equation Dcc=Do+?·?D+? to find aimed tooth-profile data (Dcc). Shaving-cutter tooth-profile data (ds) is found from the aimed tooth-profile data (Dcc). Thus, the shaving cutter can be sharpened appropriately even when the outer diameter and tooth thickness of the shaving cutter are reduced by sharpening the shaving cutter.

Abstract: The invention includes a method for preparing and buffing an item made of powder coated MDF (or other substrate containing wood) with the end result of improved visual and tactile smoothness; the invention includes the steps of cutting and machining the part, pre-powder preparation and sanding of the part, powder coating the part, post-powder preparation and sanding, and buffing the part. This method of sanding and buffing results in a smoother finish than is currently available in any other powder coated MDF finish while requiring less coats than similar liquid paint finishes.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems and methods related to sharpening blades for rotary cutters. In one illustrative embodiment, a power sharpener system secures a rotary cutting blade between upper and lower columns that form a rotating axle in contact with upper and lower sharpening stones, each positioned at an appropriate angle to contact a cutting edges of the rotary blade for sharpening. The upper column may be rotatably attached to an upper cover or lid and the lower column rotatably disposed in a base. After the rotary blade is secured, an electric motor is used to rotate the column, contacting the edges of the blade against the stones to simultaneously sharpen both edges of the blade. In some embodiments, a retractable plate may be disposed around the lower column for placement of the rotary blade thereon and a lifting lever may be used to facilitate blade removal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for grinding a continuous casting product (1), in particular a slab, wherein the continuous casting product (1) in the cross-section has a rectangular contour comprising two long sides (2, 3) disposed opposite of each other and two short sides (4, 5) disposed opposite of each other, wherein in a working position (A), in which the continuous casting product (1) rests on a grinding table (6) with one of the long sides (2) thereof, one of the long sides (2) of the continuous casting product (1) is subjected to a surface treatment by means of at least one grinding tool (7).

Abstract: Apparatus, systems and methods in accordance with the present invention are related to sharpening blades for rotary cutters. In one illustrative embodiment of a system in accordance with the present invention, an elongated sharpening stone is held at a desired angle between underlying support structures on a base and a securing cap. A planar edge of the stone is exposed in an adjustable channel between the stone and a slidably adjustable sidewall. The angle of the sharpening stone corresponds to correct angle for a sharpened edge on a rotary blade disposed on a hand held rotary cutter, which is inserted into the channel. By advancing the cutter through the channel an edge of the rotary blade may be honed and/or sharpened.

Abstract: A floor grinding and polishing machine including a base that includes a shroud, and first and second spindle carriers rotatably coupled thereto which have first and second axes of rotation spaced from each other in an alignment direction. The base also includes first and second pluralities of rotatable spindles, each plurality carried by a spindle carrier and distributed about the respective spindle carrier axis of rotation. Motors are connected to the shroud and drivingly engaged with the pluralities of spindles, whereby each plurality of spindles is rotatably driven about its respective spindle axis of rotation. The machine also includes floor-engaging handle coupled to the base and defining a direction of operative movement along which the machine may linearly travel. The base and handle have different first and second selective, relative positions in which the alignment and operative movement direction have substantially different relative angular positions.

Abstract: A processing apparatus includes a turn table rotatably provided and having an opening; at least five chuck tables provided on the turn table, each chuck table having a holding surface for holding a workpiece; a support bed inserted through the opening of the turn table; four processing unit supporting mechanisms each including a first support column provided on the outside of the turn table, a second support column provided on the support bed, and a support member mounted to the first and second support columns; four processing units respectively supported by the four processing unit supporting mechanisms, the four processing units respectively corresponding to four of the at least five chuck tables; and four feeding units for respectively moving the four processing units in a direction perpendicular to the holding surfaces of the chuck tables.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring the polishability of a solid material such as a dental restorative material includes using a series of apparatus to perform the steps of forming the material into a desired specimen with a generally planar surface, conditioning the surface by abrasion, measuring the abraded surface with a profile determination device, optionally measuring the amount of material abraded from the surface and the gloss of the abraded surface, polishing a portion of the abraded surface with a polishing device at a controlled load for a pre-determined time and measuring the roughness and/or gloss of the polished surface followed by comparison thereof to the corresponding measurements of the unpolished, conditioned portion of the specimen surface. Polishing materials and devices may also be tested using the apparatus and method for polishing a standardized material.

Abstract: A process and an apparatus for generating control data for controlling a tool on a machine tool comprising at least 5 axes for the production of a predetermined finished part having a base body and at least one flank section protruding from the base body, finished part geometry data of the predetermined finished part geometry of the finished part being generated by means of fundamental geometry parameters and path data being generated by means of the finished part geometry data, the path data indicating the tool path along the surface of the flank section over which the tool has to travel with what tool orientation relative to the workpiece to remove material from the workpiece, the tool orientation of the tool corresponding to an orientation of a axis of rotation of the tool and the tool rotating about the axis of rotation of the tool to remove material from the workpiece.

Abstract: A form tap includes a shank having a shank length and a thread portion that extends along at least a portion of the shank length. The thread portion includes a finishing portion and a chamfer portion. Each of the finishing portion and the chamfer portion include a plurality of threads and each thread has a crest and a root. The plurality of threads of both the finishing portion and the chamfer portion are spaced apart at a constant pitch, such that a crest-to-crest distance between adjacent threads remains constant along the entire thread portion.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a system for making a dental restoration is provided. The system includes a machine unit for processing a dental material to form the dental restoration, and a control unit for controlling the operation of the machine unit. An air channel for discharging a process-originated material from the machine unit provides an air connection between the machine unit and the control unit. Certain embodiments of invention are advantageous in that they help to increase the reliability of the machining operation.

Abstract: Methods for fabricating a honeycomb extrusion die from a die body include the step of machining extrusion slots with at least one grinding wheel to provide a honeycomb pattern of extrusion slots. In further examples, a plurality of the extrusion slots of the honeycomb pattern of extrusion slots can be machined with a wire electrical discharge machining process after machining the plurality of extrusion slots of the honeycomb pattern of extrusion slots with the grinding wheel.

Abstract: For complex CMP processes requiring the removal of different dielectric materials, possibly in the presence of a polysilicon material, a slurry material may be adapted at the point of use by selecting an appropriate pH value and avoiding agglomeration of the abrasive particles. The in situ preparation of the slurry material may also enable a highly dynamic adaptation of the removal conditions, for instance when exposing the polysilicon material of gate electrode structures in replacement gate approaches.

Abstract: A constant force finishing system used to finish a surface of a workpiece includes at least a first movement device arranged to apply a first movement to a finishing tool, the first movement having a range of distance D1. The finishing system also includes a constant force device (CFD) in mechanical communication with the finishing tool, the CFD arranged to apply a second movement in conjunction with the first movement to the finishing tool, the second movement having a range of ?1, where D1>>?1.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the grinding of a profile (1) of a workpiece (2) with a gear or profile grinding machine (3), wherein the profile (1) which has to be ground is successively at first ground during a roughing operation with a roughing grinding tool (4) and is afterwards ground during a finishing operation with a finishing grinding tool (5), wherein a stock of the profile (1) which has to be removed is ground by the roughing and the finishing operation, wherein the roughing grinding tool (4) and the finishing grinding tool (5) are arranged coaxially on a common tool spindle (6) or on two separate tool spindles and wherein a translational movement is created between the grinding tools (4, 5) and the workpiece (2) in a direction of a first axis (x) for carrying out a grinding stroke.

Abstract: Improved apparatus and methods for collecting debris generated during a tire buffing operation on a tire buffing machine, the tire buffing machine having a cutting head cutting surface rotatable about a cutting head axis. The system includes a rotatable shroud being rotatable about a shroud axis, the shroud comprising a side member surrounding a majority of the cutting head cutting surface, a cutting head access window to expose the cutting head for buffing the tire casing, and a vacuum suction port that is adjacent to the cutting head access window. The system may further include a driver to rotate the shroud during buffing, wherein rotating the shroud during buffing aligns the vacuum suction port with the projected path of debris being discharged from the cutting head cutting surface.

Abstract: A working object grinding method capable of grinding a working object reliably is provided. A working object 1 is irradiated with a laser beam while locating a converging point therewithin, so as to form a reformed region 7 in the working object 1 along a reformed-region forming line set at a predetermined distance inside from an outer edge of the working object 1 along the outer edge, and a rear face 21 of the working object 1 is ground. As a result, the reformed region 7 or fissures C1 extending therefrom can inhibit fissures generated in an outer edge portion 25 upon grinding the working object 1 from advancing to the inside, whereby the working object 1 can be prevented from fracturing.

Abstract: A piston processing apparatus includes a work attaching head capable of fixing a piston material, a work rotating device, a grinding wheel, a grinding wheel rotating device, first and second moving mechanisms for moving the grinding wheel, a rotational angle detector for detecting a rotational angle of the work attaching head, a first and second position detectors for detecting a position of a grinding surface of the grinding wheel, a controller controls the first and second moving mechanisms to grind the outer circumferential surface by the grinding wheel based on target-position information of the grinding surface corresponding to a position on the outer circumferential surface of the piston material. According to the piston processing apparatus, the outer circumferential surface of the piston material can be processed into a three-dimensional shape with high-accuracy, and a piston that can improve fuel efficiency.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a surface treating method for making an amorphous alloy component. The surface treatment method includes the following steps: an amorphous alloy sheet is provided; the amorphous alloy sheet is fixed into a dry blast machine; and the surface of the amorphous alloy sheet is treated by sandblasting. In the sandblasting step, air pressure is controlled to be in a range from about 1.5 gf/cm2 to 6.0 kgf/cm2 and blasting time is in a range from about 1 second to 60 seconds; the sand used in sandblasting is preferably selected from a group consisting of aluminium oxide, zirconium dioxide and silicon dioxide, and a grain size of the sand is in a range from about 100 ?m to 250 ?m.

Abstract: A polishing machine for lenses with at least one first polishing spindle having a polishing axis (K) and a tool holder disposed on the first polishing spindle for a first polishing disc designed as a tool, further comprising at least one first workpiece spindle having a rotary axis (C) and a workpiece holder disposed on the first workpiece spindle for a lens, wherein the workpiece holder and the tool holder are disposed so as to be movable in translation in the direction of a telescoping axis (Z) disposed parallel to the polishing axis (K) and in the direction of a translation axis (X) disposed at right angles to the rotary axis (C).

Abstract: A large-size synthetic quartz glass substrate is produced by measuring a flatness and parallelism of front and back surfaces of a synthetic quartz glass substrate stock having a diagonal length of at least 1,000 mm, and partially removing raised portions and thick portions of the substrate stock on the basis of the measured data of flatness and parallelism. The removing step includes abrasive working by a first working tool having a diameter of 15-50% of the diagonal length, and abrasive working by a second working tool having a smaller diameter.

Abstract: A compound chamfering device that manufactures prism-shaped ingot blocks of excellent surface smoothness is disclosed. The four-corner round surfaces and the four sides of a prism-shaped ingot obtained by using a pair of rotary blades of a slicer to perform four-side peeloff of a cylindrical ingot block are chamfered by rough grinding with a pair of cup wheel type rough grinding grindstones. A pair of cup wheel type finishing grinding grindstones are used to chamfering by finishing grinding the four-corner round surfaces and the four sides of the block.

Abstract: A sandblasting apparatus includes a processing chamber, a sandblasting nozzle positioned on a top of the processing chamber, a support mechanism, an elevation mechanism, a worktable, and a cutting mechanism. The support mechanism is positioned in the processing chamber and opposite to the sandblasting nozzle. The support mechanism is used for supporting a template with a cutting pattern. The elevation mechanism is positioned on the bottom of the processing chamber. The worktable is located between the support mechanism and the elevation mechanism and configured for supporting a plate for processing and being opposite to the template. The center of worktable defines a through hole matching with the pattern of the template. The cutting mechanism is fixed on the elevation mechanism and faces the through hole. The elevation mechanism drives the cutting mechanism to move toward or away the worktable.

Abstract: With a method for the production of a precise prefabricated concrete part, especially in the form of a sleeper or a plate for a fixed track for rail-guided vehicles, the prefabricated concrete part is ground at the functionally relevant points to the predetermined size by means of a grooved roller. The device for this is a grinding machine with a grooved roller to grind the prefabricated concrete part at functionally relevant points to a predetermined size. The grooved roller is made of a wear resistant material, especially silicon carbide.

Abstract: Devices, systems and methods for the recycling and recovery of carpet are disclosed herein. Devices, systems and methods for disassembling carpet into the various components used for carpet construction by abrasive removal and separation of components are also disclosed herein.