Abstract: The emergency wireless telephone and system describes improved control and service offered in the conventional public telephone system as pertains to cellular telephone service.

Abstract: A method and a system for planning a cellular radio network. The method includes creation of a model representing the cellular radio network and its radio environment on a digital map. The method further includes adding system properties affecting the traffic control process of the cellular radio network to the model representing the cellular radio network and its radio environment for route specific operational simulation of the cellular radio network. The simulation preferably utilizes subscriber mobility models and immobile and/or mobile individual subscribers generated on the digital map. The simulation events are stored separately for each street, location, network element and/or cause. The optimization of the parameters of the cellular network is performed on the basis of the stored information. Simulation of an operating cellular network on the basis of statistical data obtained from the network allows an adaptive control of the system parameters.

Abstract: A communication system qualifies access to the services it provides to subscriber units based upon the locations of the subscriber units. Subscriber unit location data are routed through a satellite to a gateway where a home subscriber information manager for the subscriber unit resides. This home gateway selects a service control area and corresponding serving gateway to use in establishing calls to and from the subscriber unit. When an area of uncertainty for the subscriber unit's location overlies a boundary between service control areas, additional location data may be obtained to shrink the area of uncertainty. If the area still overlies a boundary, a serving gateway is selected based upon the current serving gateway, the home gateway, and the service control area where the center of the area of uncertainty resides.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an arrangement in mobile telecommunications systems comprising, on the one hand, one or more cells operating with channels/frequencies, which cells belong to one or more base stations, and, on the other, one or more first and second mobile units, for producing one or more first representations of traffic intensity within one or more geographic areas. One or more second mobile units are provided with elements for measuring and evaluating signal strength. The measurements are carried out at a number of geographic positions on transmission from one or more first mobile units to a base station. In those cases where the signal strength exceeds a predetermined value, this value is stored, together with information on frequencies and geographic positions. One or more second representations of the traffic intensity in a respective geographic position are established in dependence on the number of stored values which have been obtained when measuring at the geographic positions.

Abstract: A mobile communications system accommodating both expanded spectrum (ES) mobiles and non-expanded spectrum (NES) mobiles incorporates a first set of (ES) channels and a second set of (NES) channels. A proportion of the channel requests from ES mobiles are allocated to a queue for NES channels. NES channels are allocated to these ES mobiles until no further NES resources are available. Further requests from ES mobiles in the NES channel queue are then met by allocating available ES channels. This provides an enhanced efficiency of utilisation of channel resources. Advantageously, a subset of NES channels is reserved for preferential use by NES mobiles to ensure fair allocation of channels between the two types of user, these channels being allocated to ES mobiles only if no other channels are currently available.

Abstract: A ring-shaped network structure having a plurality of rings of range sections and a sector subdivision is provided, the number of which corresponds to the number of cells positioned along a ring. Positioned in the center is a base station with antennae arranged at a raised location for illuminating all cells or for the reception from the individual cells respectively. The antennae are designed as strongly focusing directional antennae which supply at least two cells lying in radial direction from the antenna location within the same sector with the same frequency in each case.

Abstract: A method for location updating in a cellular radio network. The network stores subscriber data permanently in a home location register (HLR) and temporarily in visitor location registers (VLR) integrated with mobile services switching centers (MSC). In connection with a call setup, the HLR requests the VLR to provide routing information for the subscriber, whereafter the inbound call is routed to the pertinent MSC and the subscriber is paged by the radio path. The network updates the location of the subscriber by check paging performed as a background run at suitable times.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of displaying performance metrics of a cellular communication system (50) having a call routing element (51), control elements (55, 56, 57, 58) and transceiver elements (59, 60, 61, 62, 63) provides for creating a hierarchical display (10) of the call routing element, the control elements and the plurality of transceiver elements with the call routing element depicted at a center of the hierarchical display and the control elements and transceiver elements radiating outwardly from the center in a hierarchical order. The user or the system selects a performance metric of one of the call routing element, the control elements and the transceiver elements, and the selected performance metric is displayed for each of the call routing element, the control element and the transceiver elements within the hierarchical display.

Abstract: Aircraft communications are established on a cellular system by having the transmission to aircraft directed above ground level so as not to interfere with ground cellular systems and having the transmissions from the aircraft at extreme low power levels so as not to interfere with transmissions from ground vehicles. The location of mobile stations either aircraft or ground vehicles for one embodiment is determined by Loran reception or other radio navigation system in the mobile station and transmitted to a mobile switching center to be used in transferring control from cell to cell by use of the determined location of the mobile station. For another embodiment the antennae for aircraft (both base station and mobile) are horizontally oriented while ground vehicle antennae (both base station and mobile) are vertical as in present commercial practice.

Abstract: A land mobile radio communication system has a plurality of cell sites, each of which typically has a plurality of repeaters. The over-the-air radio communications between the cell site repeaters and the mobile radios in the system include both a voice component and a data component. The data component is carried as low-frequency subaudible information. Communication channels are provided between the radio users at each site as well as between users at different sites and between mobile radio users and the public telephone network. Within a cell site, the transmitted and received communications are digitized and passed through serial buses in a time multiplex fashion. The digitized voice is transferred between time slots to provide the required switching function. The system includes operational software to provide direct inward dial telephone number recognition, automatic voice prompts for a user entering a new cell, call priority override, fraud control for radio fleets and a dynamic control channel.

Abstract: A telecommunication system and a method for authenticating a subscriber in a telecommunication system. The system includes a transmission network having subscriber identity codes of a first format and a first subscriber authentication procedure. An exchange of the transmission network is connected to a subsystem having subscriber identity codes of a second format and a second subscriber authentication procedure. The calls of the subscribers of the subsystem are routed through the transmission network and the exchange. The authentication of both subscriber types is enabled in the transmission network by locating the parameter generation algorithms of both the first and the second authentication procedure in a transmission network authentication center. The proper algorithm for each subscriber to be authenticated is selected on the basis of the type of the subscriber.

Abstract: A method of receiving in a GSM-network data for supplementary services in MSC/VLR which have been signalled via the protocol MAP between HLR and MSC/VLR. MAP contains sequences of "containers" for supplementary services, where respective "containers" always include a parameter that indicates the service to which the contents of a respective container relate, together with the data that varies from service to service. This parameter is always located in the same position internally within the "container". The method includes a function whose purpose is to analyze syntactically subscriber data received in MAP, to the extent that respective supplementary services can be identified. When the correct supplementary service has been identified with the aid of the data type SS-code, it obtains access to the contents of the container.

Abstract: A method and system for authenticating the identification of mobile stations during system access is disclosed. A modified electronic serial number, including an encoded COUNT value, sent by the mobile station is compared with a modified electronic serial number corresponding to that mobile station stored in system memory. In this way, fraudulent use can be deterred and detected without changing the specification of information to be transmitted over the air interface in existing radiocommunication systems.

Abstract: A monitoring computer (115) monitors the communications occurring within at least one communication system for a unique communication unit identification (ID) code associated with a communication unit (105, 110). In a first embodiment, for each occurrence of the unit ID code, the monitoring computer determines a location of the communication unit affiliated with that unit ID code. When two or more instances of the unit ID code occur within a predetermined period of time at locations separated by more than a predetermined distance, the unit ID code is identified as a potentially duplicated unit ID code. In a second embodiment, a counter is incremented for each occurence of the unit ID code. If the counter exceeds a predetermined number within a predetermined period of time, the unit ID code is identified as a potentially duplicated unit ID code.

Abstract: A TDMA cellular mobile radio system has at least one network control unit, at least one radio transceiver, and at least one multiplexor for multiplexing and demultiplexing digitally encoded and compressed speech data transmitted between the network control unit and radio transceiver. The bandwidth of the speech data is reduced through compression. The bandwidth of the speech data required on a radio transceiver side of the multiplexor is further reduced by buffering the speech data arriving at the multiplexor at a relatively high modulation rate, retransmitting the buffered speech data at a relatively lower modulation rate, buffering the speech data arriving from the multiplexor at a relatively lower modulation rate, and retransmitting the buffered speech data at a relatively higher modulation rate.

Abstract: A bulletin board coordinates the service authorization for other communication systems. Service authorizations are periodically updated, with authorized communication units returning to the bulletin board at pre-scheduled times to receive the updates that extend service authorization for authorized communication services. The bulletin board transmits authorization information on known communication resources at predetermined times known only by authorized communication units.

Abstract: An ATM-based radiocommunication system adapted for multimedia communication comprises a repeater for providing communication services over a predetermined service area, first radio terminals for communicating with the repeater by using ATM cells, and a second terminal for communicating with the repeater by using ATM cells and communicating with a backbone network.

Abstract: A re-use partition of cells in a mobile communication system has an outer cell (30) and an inner cell (20) which is provided in the outer cell (30). An interval of cells using the same channel or the same frequency in the inner cells is shorter than an interval in the outer cells, which is the nature of a re-use partition. Communication between a base station and a mobile station is carried out by using a channel having a higher received level of an outer cell channel or an inner cell channel. A base station has a first beam tilt antenna having tilt angle (.THETA..sub.out) for an outer cell (30), and a second beam tilt antenna having tilt angle (.THETA..sub.in) so that .THETA..sub.in is larger than .THETA..sub.out. A speech channel and a control channel are provided for each of the first antenna and the second antenna.

Abstract: A microcell unit, in a cellular telephone system using digital signal processing BSs, is digitally connected to a macrocell, via a metallic link, such as a twisted pair. The microcell includes a plurality of radio channel units (RCU), to provide voice connectivity to mobile subscribers (MS), which are under control of a radio control complex (RCC) located in the macrocell. Several time slots of the macrocell TDM bus, through which the RCC exerts control of the RCUs, are remoted to the microcell thereby enabling control of the RCUs at the microcell location by the RCC of the macrocell. This remoting action is achieved, via a remote time division multiplex (TDM) circuit pack which enables the RCC to communicate with the RCUs as if they were located within the macrocell.

Abstract: A bimodal portable telephone provides cellular service and improved cordless service in a common handset. Operation of the bimodal portable telephone in a cellular telephone system provides telephone service over a wide geographical area of coverage through operation with multiple cellular bases and in a cordless telephone system provides telephone service over a localized geographical area of coverage through operation with an associated cordless base. The cordless service provides improved performance over convention cordless telephone service by advantageously employing a frequency hopping spread spectrum modulation technique for communications between the portable telephone and the cordless base unit. This improved performance achieves increased operating range of the cordless telephone system.

Abstract: A cellular communication system projects multiple cells throughout a user area. Subscriber units (24) encounter multiple cells as they roam through the user area or as the cells migrate past the subscriber unit (24). When a subscriber unit (24) encounters the fringe area of a cell it must select and transition to a target cell to maintain contact with the system. The subscriber unit (24) performs an analysis of the location, proximity, and expected duration of exposure of candidate target cells using location data transmitted by control channels located in the candidate cells. The subscriber unit (24) then selects a target cell based on these factors.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for establishing frequency assignments for a fixed radio communication unit of plural fixed radio communication units coupled via a controller. A controller functions to have the communication unit measure transmitted signal strengths, and to request the other fixed radio communication units to transmit at assigned frequencies. The system functions to identify and select one (or more) of the frequencies measured having the lowest signal strength and adjacent channel and/or co-channel interference characteristics beneath set threshold level(s). The system also operates to repeat the process for each fixed radio communication unit, until all are assigned frequencies.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method of and apparatus for regulating the power of signals transmitted by transmitting units, such as mobiles or base stations, that are using the same channel in a cellular radio system. An iterative process is disclosed in which the demands of synchrony and coordination among the transmitting units are relaxed. The power of the signals converges at a geometric rate to optimal transmission powers, where the optimal transmission powers are defined as the minimum powers required to maintain the ratio of carrier power to co-channel interference power at least as large as some pre-fixed target value obtained from quality of service considerations. As a result of relaxing the demands of synchrony and coordination, expensive clock or timing mechanisms are not required, thereby reducing the costs of power control.

Abstract: A dual-mode telephone has transmit and receive channels suitable for cellular telephony, and is operative in analog and digital modes of communication. Each of the channels has parallel branches of circuitry wherein the circuitry of one branch accommodates voice signals in accordance with an analog protocol and the second branch accommodates voice signals processed by digital compression and expansion circuitry. The digital compression circuitry, which is employed for outgoing voice signals, and the digital expansion circuitry, which is employed for incoming voice signals, constitute a vocoder operative under control of a microcontroller unit. Operation of the vocoder during a digital transmission mode introduces a digitally processed quality to received voice signals, this characteristic being distinguishable from the voice quality of pulse-code modulation employed in the analog communication mode.

Abstract: A cellular communication system projects multiple cells throughout a user area. Subscriber units (24) encounter multiple cells as they roam through the user area or as the cells migrate past the subscriber unit (24). When a subscriber unit (24) encounters the fringe area of a cell it maintains contact with the system by selecting and transitioning to a target cell. The subscriber unit (24) performs an analysis using Doppler data of the location, proximity, and expected duration of exposure to candidate target cells. The subscriber unit (24) selects a target cell based on these factors.

Abstract: Method and arrangement for increasing the capacity in a mobile telephone system having mobile telephone exchanges (MTX), base stations (BS) and mobile stations (MS). The MTX:s handle the traffic within their traffic area via the base stations. MS:s mobile stations being at home are registered in a home location register and MS.S visiting the area are registered in a visitor location register. When the home location register is filled up, the system capacity is increased by selective MTX as home exchange, so that the MS is registered as visiting the visitor location register. MTX A, MTX B is preferably used as home exchange which only handles its home location register and associated functions, the radio traffic being handled via another MTX C which only handles its visitor location register and associated functions.

Abstract: An overload control for a central processor in the switching network of a mobile radio system. The central processor may be part of a Mobile services Switching Center (MSC). Congestion reports, based on the delay experienced by messages awaiting processing at the central processor, are broadcast to peripheral processors. The peripheral processors may be located in the MSC at interfaces of the MSC to other network elements such as base stations, the PSTN, other MSCs. Peripheral processors maintain variable message origination thresholds responsive to the congestion reports.

Abstract: A mobile communication system has a cell structure constituted by integrating macro cells and micro cells, and at least one mobile station. The cell structure is made to cover a service area by a plurality of the micro cells each having a predetermined size and to cover the same service area by the single macro cell having a larger size than the size of the micro cell. Each of the micro cells includes a micro cell base station for transmitting at least radio control channel at a predetermined frequency and slot. The mobile station includes a measuring unit for repeatedly measuring received level of the radio control channels from the micro cell base stations, an estimation unit for estimating its moving speed in accordance with changing rate of the measured level, and a determining unit for determining, in accordance with the estimated moving speed, that control of a radio link between the mobile station and the base station is executed by a micro cell unit or by a macro cell unit.

Abstract: The power of a first signal is measured and is compared with a threshold. If the first signal power meets a handoff threshold, the system enters the handoff procedure. Once in the handoff procedure, estimates of a first signal quality a signal would have, if transmitted from the first site to the subscriber, and a second signal quality a signal would have, if transmitted from the second site to the subscriber, are determined. If the estimated first signal quality meets a transmit threshold, the first will activate a traffic signal to the subscriber. If the estimated first or second signal quality fails to meet the transmit threshold, the first or second, respectively, will terminate its traffic signal to the subscriber, but the transmission resources will remain dedicated to the subscriber. If the estimated first or second signal quality fails to meet the handoff threshold, the first or second, respectively, will discontinue serving the subscriber.

Abstract: A method and system for radio communications between mobile units and base stations geographically distributed through a substantial geographic area described. The system automatically finds and engages broadcast frequency for each geographic region. The engagement is confirmed at both the mobile unit and network so that both can begin data transmission and reception between each other as well as keep track of the status of one another. The system also verifies the correct base station has been engaged as well as automatically terminates communications once the mobile unit passes out of coverage for that base station.

Abstract: A method and system for identifying the location of mobile units within a cellular telephone system. A subset of cells is dynamically assigned to a mobile unit based upon the cell location of the mobile unit at the time of registration. The mobile unit records the subset information, and as long as the mobile unit remains in one of the cells in the subset, it does not re-register its location with the system. The system is able to locate the mobile unit within the assigned subset of cells. When the mobile unit enters a new cell that is not within the subset of cells, it re-registers with the system which then assigns a new subset of cells corresponding to its location within a new cell that did not belong to the previous subset.

Abstract: A data communication system is provided for use with a cellular system containing an array of cells and a cellular transmitter/receiver located within each cell of the array. Each cellular transmitter/receiver is adapted for transmitting and receiving voice and/or data communication over predetermined channelized frequencies associated with the particular cell in which the cellular transmitter/receiver is located. In accordance with the invention a base data transmission station is located in each cell and is adapted for transmitting a single data stream across a plurality of channels, each of which channels is adapted to carry a single stream of information. Each base data transmitting station does not transmit on the predetermined channels that are assigned to the particular cell in which the base data transmitting station is located (i.e., those channels are "notched").

Abstract: A train radio communication system includes a plurality of land communication equipments and a train communication equipment. The land communication equipments are arranged at predetermined intervals along a railroad on which a train travels and designed to output transmission signals having different frequencies. The train communication equipment is arranged in the train and designed to set a radio channel between the train communication equipment and one of the land communication equipments during travel of the train. The train communication equipment includes a plurality of antennas, an antenna switch, a receiver, and an antenna controller. The antennas respectively receive the transmission signals from the land communication equipments. The antenna switch selects one of the antennas. The receiver demodulates an output from the antenna selected by the antenna switch and outputs a reception signal.

Abstract: A mobile communication system comprises base stations each having sector antennas and an omnidirectional antenna for receiving up-going interference waves on all communication channels previously allocated thereto to detect power levels of those interference waves. The power levels of up-going interference waves on all communication channels are monitored at all times by using the omnidirectional antenna. When a calling signal from a mobile station is received by a certain sector antenna, respective up-going C/I ratios are calculated on the channels not yet used among communication channels previously allocated to that sector. Among channels where the calculated up-going C/I ratios satisfy a predetermined quality reference, a channel to be allocated to the mobile station is determined.

Abstract: A system for determining and registering the location of mobile terminals in a mobile communication system using non-geosynchrous satellites, in which each land earth station transmits its identification information via spot beams of satellites or together with identification information of a spot beam and that of satellite. A mobile terminal thus receives identification information, and transmits the received identification information together with information on time of reception and the terminal identifying information to the terrestrial network for registering the latest location information. Since the latest location information of mobile terminal is registered in the terrestrial network as mentioned above, a call can be connected to the mobile terminal simply by sending a call announcement message by referring the registered location information. This leads to reduction of the number of circuits that are needed for sending call announcement messages.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for communicating data via a cellular network control channel of a cellular mobile radiotelephone system (CMR) data. A data message system for communicating data sources includes sets reporting devices, at least one mobile switching center (MSC) of a CMR system, and a data collection system connected to said MSC via a first communications link. Each recording device monitors a remote data source to obtain selected data and thereafter transmits a data message containing the selected data. The MSC receives data messages via the cellular network control channel from reporting devices operating within coverage areas of the array of cells and forwards the data messages via the first communications link to the data collection system. In response, the data collection system stores the data messages and processes the selected data.

Abstract: In a radiotelephone system, the control channel in all cells in an area can be simulcasted. A microcell base station may be provided with a receiver to listen on the umbrella cell control channel for messages, in addition to listening on its own control channel for control information and call accesses, to facilitate the appropriate assignment of a call to a cell. Also, a microcell can share a control channel with an umbrella cell provided interference between the control channels is not excessive. Further, microcells can share a common control channel independent of the overlying macrocell structure.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for paging a concentrated subscriber system for wireless local loop within a cellular telephone system. Within a mobile telephone switching office (MTSO) a visitor location register is generated in which a subscriber unit identification number (SUIN) for every subscriber unit registered within the area of coverage is stored along with corresponding telephone number, last cell site, and concentrated subscriber system (CSS) status information. The SUIN can correspond to the electronic serial number (ESN), mobile identification number (MIN), or other unique identification code assigned to each subscriber unit. When a call directed to a subscriber unit having a particular telephone number is received the corresponding SUIN, CSS status information, and last cell site information of that subscriber unit are determined using the visitor location directory.

Abstract: Base stations are connected to subscriber lines of neighboring ISDN local switches, and mobile subscriber connection control equipment connected to the subscriber line of a particular ISDN local switch manages mobile subscriber data register equipment. Connection of a call which originates from or terminates at a mobile station, registration of the location of the mobile station, and channel switching process during service are performed by way of the mobile subscriber connection control equipment using an ISDN subscriber interface.

Abstract: A digital radiocommunication system and method for providing a consistency check to confirm the identity of a candidate cell for handoff of a digital traffic channel are described. Using relative pathloss comparisons reliance on absolute measurements which can lead to inappropriate handoffs for a variety of reasons. Statistical measurements can also be used to further reduce errors.

Abstract: A cellular communication system includes a mobile station with a switch or button which, when actuated by the user, calls a predetermined party. In the case of an emergency, the user actuates this switch and automatically places a call to an emergency agency. The switch also actuates a system for automatically locating the mobile station by measuring distances from the mobile station to a plurality of fixed stations in the cellular communication system.

Abstract: A cellular system has base stations in which diversity transmission is controllably employed to improve voice communications as needed. Normal signal transmission is employed in each voice channel unless it is detected that quality has dropped to a point where diversity transmission is needed to enhance the quality. When it is detected that a voice channel needs diversity transmission, a diversity (delayed) signal is automatically transmitted for that channel over an independent path. A common diversity transmitter is employed for all channels, whereas individual transmitters are employed for the normally transmitted signals in the respective voice channels.

Abstract: A cell extender for use in digital cellular telephone systems comprises a control module, and scanning module, and several traffic modules. The control module bidirectionally repeats the donor cell site control channels. Voice modules therein bidirectionally repeat selected donor traffic channels for mobiles. The voice module amplifies and translates the Reverse Digital Traffic Channel RDTC (transmitted by the mobile). The voice module reframes the Forward Digital Traffic Channel, and advances its timing such that RDTC signals transmitted by the mobile and repeated by the cell extender arrive at the donor with the correct timing alignment. The timing advance compensates for RF path propagation delay between the donor and the cell extender, and for any additional delay through the cell extender. If the voice module determines that the mobile is leaving the cell extender coverage area, it sends a hand-off message returning the mobile to the assigned donor traffic channel.

Abstract: Processing of dispatch calls in a simulcast multi-site communication system begins when a source communication unit transmits a message to one or more network receivers. The received signals are analyzed at the received sites to determine a signal quality metric. Each of the signals are time stamped to identify when they where received. The received signals are transported with their time stamp and signal quality metric to each of the other sites via a digital communication network connecting the sites. Each transmitter site performs a transmit operation by first determining the receiver source with the best quality signal as indicated by the signal quality metric. The determined best quality signal is stored until it is time to transmit the signal in phase with all the other transmitter sites in a simulcast manner. The time stamp allows a time in the future to be chosen to accommodate the worst case expected transport delay through the digital network.

Abstract: In a method for regulating transmission power control of a mobile station, transmission power control occurs based on a hierarchical control system composed of two levels. Long-term transmission power control of the mobile station occurs in the base station on the upper level, which forms a closed control loop comprising a base station and a mobile station. In addition, a statement about decision authority of the lower level is made in the base station and is communicated to the mobile station. Taking the long-term transmission power identified by the base station and taking the statement about the decision authority of the lower level into consideration, the short-term transmission power of the mobile station is calculated on the lower level, which represents a local control loop implemented in the mobile station.

Abstract: A method and system for providing an enhanced sleep mode for remote units in a radiocommunication system are described. Measurement periodicity for control channels of neighboring cells is optimized. Paging frame classes can also be temporarily modified to extend sleep periods.

Abstract: In a satellite communication system, ring-alerts are broadcast in a sequence that maximizes the time between when ring-alerts are issued in any adjacent antenna beam. Satellite power is conserved by allowing time for a subscriber unit to respond, after which subsequent ring-alerts directed at that subscriber are canceled. When a gateway receives a request for a ring-alert, the satellite and the antenna beams are identified which are currently serving the location of the subscriber unit being called. The satellite is provided a list of antenna beams and proceeds to broadcast ring-alerts directed at subscriber units within the identified antenna beams. Unsent ring-alerts are canceled when responses from the subscriber units are received.

Abstract: Power control in a base to mobile link of a mobile radio system is effected by measuring the carrier/interference ratio at each mobile station and transmitting information thereof, usually in terms of the inverse of that ratio, to the base station. Power is shared between the traffic channels which are active by assigning fractions thereto utilizing a power control factor as the coefficient typical of the channel and depending on the ratios for all of the stations, on the number of active channels, on whether or not there have been variations in the active channels relative to a preceding interval and on the power assigned to the channel in the preceding interval.

Abstract: A communication system has a hierarchical system of nodes organized into multiple node trees (800-806, 820-826, and 835), the communication system for completing calls between various ports (810, 812, 826) for interfacing to various transceivers (840). The method used in the hierarchical system is capable of tracking the location of the transceiver as it moves between ports and trees of the system while substantially reducing the size and modification of a data base for tracking the location of the transceiver. The communication system provides a method of linking root nodes (800, 820, 835) of various trees while providing for the advantages of a reduced amount of memory necessary for tracking transceiver movement through the system. The method allows establishment and growth of node trees in various geographic locations while providing for links between the root nodes of the trees.

Abstract: A mobile telephone apparatus operates as follow: when an origination signal is transmitted from the mobile station, the base station of a wireless zone where the mobile station is not present communicates a connection possible signal to the base station in the zone where the mobile station is present, and the base station having a larger number of idle channels than that of the other base station is selected on priority basis independent on the signal intensity. Therefore, when the origination signal from the mobile station is received by a plurality of base stations, the base station having the receiving level larger than the required minimum receiving level and having the maximum number of idle channels is selected, and it is possible to reduce the origination loss rate relative to the conventional system.