Abstract: In a cellular mobile communications network a mobile station is capable of receiving a downlink signal from each of a plurality of base stations and transmitting an uplink signal to the plurality of the base stations through a wireless channel. The mobile station produces a measure of signal quality of the downlink signals from the plurality of base stations to the mobile station and selects a base station from which the downlink signal shows a preferred signal quality. The mobile station transmits an uplink signal indicating the selected base station among the plurality of base stations for subsequent communications with the mobile station. Each base station processes the uplink signal to identify the selected base station from among the plurality of base stations.

Abstract: A reference pattern comparing means 14 detects the number of error bits, using a reference pattern data portion embedded in the received signal. An error correcting means 15 detects the number of the corrected bits in the user data portion in the signal. The bit error rate measuring means 16 measures the bit error rate, on the basis of the number of the error bits and the corrected bits. The electric field level measuring means 17 measures the level of the electric field of the received signal. The electric field correcting means 18 corrects the level of the electric field, on the basis of the bit error rate. The control of the handing over of the radio communication channel is carried out, on the basis of the corrected electric field.

Abstract: To determine the movement of a device, a three-dimensional measurement of the device's acceleration is provided in known directions with regard to the device, and average signals of acceleration signals parallel to different axes are formed to allow tilt angles of the device with respect to gravity to be defined. Acceleration change signals are formed by removing the average signals from their respective acceleration signals parallel to the different axes. The acceleration change signals and the tilt angles of the device are used for forming a component of the acceleration change of the device, which component is parallel to gravity and independent of the position of the device.

Abstract: A method and system for performing a pre-reserved handover in a mobile communciation system is suggested, wherein an additional handover preparation step is performed by determining at least one candidate base station in advance, to which handover is likely to be performed. An additional downlink connection to the at least one candidate base station is established before handover execution is performed. Thereby, proper handover can be ensured for cell environments in which a serving cell disappears very quickly from a mobile station.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining speed of terminal in a radio system, and to a receiver in a radio system, the receiver comprising means for taking samples from a received signal at given intervals, means for determining a signal instantaneous strength by measuring a signal strength of each sample, and means for calculating a mean strength for a sampled signal within a given time window. For preferably determining the terminal speed the receiver of the invention comprises the means for comparing instantaneous strength values with a calculated mean strength and for calculating how frequently an instantaneous strength moves above or below a mean value within the given time window, and the means for determining an apparatus speed based on the number of transitions.

Abstract: A method of preventing interference of adjacent frequencies which selects and uses a carrier frequency which is not adjacent to another carrier frequency is disclosed. A cellular system A is composed of a plurality of base stations and a mobile station, and a cellular system B is composed of a plurality of other base stations and another mobile station. For cellular system A, a carrier frequency adjacent to a carrier frequency used in cellular system B and a carrier frequency not adjacent thereto are determined. If a received power of a perch channel sent by a base station of cellular system B is larger than a threshold value, the mobile station uses the carrier frequency which is not adjacent to carrier frequency used in cellular system B.

Abstract: A method of modifying gain tables for the reverse-link communications in a cdma2000 wireless communication network includes the steps of estimating the velocity of a mobile station for a given frame error rate (FER) and data rate, and providing three gains to choose between based on the estimated velocity in order to specify a reverse-link transmit power level. The velocity estimation may be performed using a level crossing technique, a covariance approximation technique, or a Doppler spectrum estimation technique.

Abstract: A mobile communication system comprises a detecting unit to detect information concerning a moving speed of a mobile terminal, and a selection controlling unit to select a use frequency in a higher frequency band when the speed information detected by the detecting unit is a higher speed, while selecting the use frequency in a lower frequency band when the detected information is a lower speed, and assigning it to the mobile terminal. In a mobile communication system in which a relationship between a terminal moving speed (Doppler frequency) and transmission quality degradation is non-monotonous, the communication quality can be improved and the channel capacity can be increased.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system and method for channel allocation in a multi-band wireless network. The system includes microcell base stations, at least one macrocell base station, a mobile station, and a channel allocation center. When the mobile station makes/receives a call or executes a handover, the channel allocation center uses repacking on demand (RoD) scheme to allocate a radio channel of either a macrocell base station or a microcell base station to the mobile station. RoD has the following steps. First, a microcell channel is trying to be allocated if available. If no microcell channel is available, a macrocell channel is then trying to be allocated. Third, if no macrocell channel is available, repacking is performed to execute a handover of another mobile station's call from the macrocell to another microcell, and to allocate a reclaimed macrocell channel to the mobile station. Otherwise, no repacking call is available and the mobile station is blocked or forced terminated.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for estimating the speed of relative movement of a transmitter and a receiver which are in communication with each other in a telecommunications system. The transmitter and receiver are in communication via a channel of the telecommunications system by a carrier wave. An analysis is made of the variations of amplitude or power of the signal transmitted by the transmitter and the channel between the transmitter and the receiver. The dopler shift undergone by the carrier wave is deduced from the variations, and the speed of movement is thereby deduced.

Abstract: A wireless terminal dynamically maintains location dependent operating parameters while operating in low power-consuming sleep mode. The wireless terminal wakes up periodically to determine its current location. If the current location is within a predetermined distance from a previously stored location, then the wireless terminal stores the previously stored location, along with its associated location dependent operating parameter, in a predetermined memory location within the wireless terminal. If the current location is not within a predetermined distance from a previously stored location, then the wireless terminal generates a new location dependent operating parameter for its current location and stores the current location and new location dependent operating parameter in the predetermined memory location. In various embodiments, the location dependent operating parameter may be, for example, a digital control channel or a mobile switching center identification.

Abstract: Estimating the speed of movement of a mobile terminal includes estimating the impulse response of the transmission channel at a given instant, and estimating the time derivative of the estimated impulse response. Estimating the speed also includes determining of a ratio of the energy of the estimated impulse response to the energy of the estimated time derivative.

Abstract: A cellular radio system comprises a radio coverage area formed by a plurality of cells (C1,C2), each cell having at least one primary station (PS1,PS2) including a radio transceiver for communicating with a secondary station (SS1,SS2) when in its cell. The or each secondary station is able to roam within the radio coverage area. In order to facilitate call handover the secondary station informs the infrastructure (PS1, PS2, 10) of its velocity and the infrastructure uses knowledge of the velocity to make a decision regarding handing over a call-in-progress from one cell to another cell. The velocity information may be provided by a GPS receiver (18) carried by a vehicle in which the secondary station is located and the information is relayed to the secondary station by way of a short range radio system. The secondary station uses the cellular system to forward this information to the infrastructure.

Abstract: According to the procedure for the definition of the topology of a cellular radiotelephony network consisting of several clusters to be defined, of stations for the administration of respective cells with shared borders, the stations of each cluster, each linked to a controller, connected to other controllers intended to administer the mobility of terminals,

Abstract: A power management system for a mobile unit wherein the frequency of scanning a neighboring cell may be controlled. A mobile unit consumes power in standby mode by periodically scanning the base station in each neighboring cell to determine which base stations are providing a usable signal. When the signal provided by the mobile unit's servicing base station diminishes, the mobile unit informs the cellular network of the base stations providing usable signals to assist in the handover. By detecting the rate of change of the signal strength received from a base station, the mobile unit may change the scanning rate of each neighboring cell. Alternatively, the mobile unit can estimate the relative speed it is traveling through a cell. If traveling slowly through the cell or if the signal strength is not changing over time, the need for a rapid handover diminishes. The mobile unit may also increase the scanning rate if traveling rapidly through the cell.

Abstract: According to the principles of the invention, there is provided a system, apparatus, and method for conserving energy in a mobile station (100) of an ad hoc wireless data network (10). Information concerning motion of the mobile station is obtained, and a rate of motion is used to adjust network parameters such as a beaconing rate (202) and a link change granularity (216). These parameters may be adjusted to reduce network overhead transmissions, and the power usage associated therewith, at appropriate times. In one embodiment, network-related transmissions, such as beacon signals and link state announcements, are reduced when the mobile station is moving quickly.

Abstract: A mobile communication system is composed of a plurality of base stations including a first and second connecting base stations and a mobile terminal connected to the first connecting base station. Relevant base stations are selected from among the plurality of base stations based on hand-over counts, each of which indicates the number of times of hand-over operations of the mobile terminal from the first connecting base station to one of the plurality of base stations. A second connecting base station is selected from among the relevant base stations based on electric field intensities from the relevant base stations, and the mobile terminal establishes a connecting link with the second connecting base station.

Abstract: A communication control apparatus installed in a base station or a mobile station in mobile communications system estimates the relative moving speed of an opposing station, and adjusts the values of communication parameters for a searcher, a transmission power control unit, an absolute synchronous detector unit, etc. according to an obtained moving speed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for dynamically adjusting a power control loop that attempts to maintain either the transmit power of a signal sent from a base station to a mobile station or the signal to noise ratio of a signal sent from the mobile station to the base station above a minimum threshold. Location information that is representative of the distance and morphology between the mobile station and the base station is determined. The minimum threshold of the power control loop is then adjusted in accordance with the location information such that the minimum threshold varies as the distance and the morphology between the mobile station and the base station change. A transmitter sends the signal at a power level that is controlled by the power control loop with the adjusted minimum threshold.

Abstract: A path connection control system in a CDMA mobile communication system can establish minimum but sufficient paths without causing degradation of communication quality due to delay of hand off control even during high speed travel. The path connection control system in a CDMA mobile communication system determines a radio base station to establish a path for communication with a mobile terminal by a base station control unit. The base station control unit includes means for repeatedly inputting position information of said mobile terminal, means for deriving a current position, a traveling speed and a traveling direction of said mobile terminal on the basis of repeatedly input position information of said mobile terminal, a necessary path number map of predetermining necessary path number on the basis of a contour map.

Abstract: A wireless communications system includes at least one base station for communicating with a mobile unit. A mobile switching center is responsive to the base station and operative for switching calls with a calling party and a mobile unit via the base station. One of at least a mobile switching center or base station includes a processor that is operative for determining the speed of the mobile unit. In response to a call from a calling party to the mobile unit, when the calculated speed is above a threshold, the call is switched to a voice message indicating that a mobile unit operator is traveling and not receiving any calls.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining a speed of a subscriber terminal and for selecting a cell in a radio system comprising a plural number of microcells and at least one umbrella cell covering the microcells. The method, and a radio system applying the method, comprise means (32 and 33) which use powers of received signals for producing a probability representing an interdependence between at least two powers measured at different points of time. The probability is used for determining the speed of the subscriber terminal in means (34). In addition, on the basis of the speed of the subscriber terminal, either a microcell or an umbrella cell is selected as a cell for the active operation of the subscriber terminal.

Abstract: The method for maximizing data throughput for cellular communications is disclosed. The invention is based upon the fact that each base station of a cell has a finite amount of transmit power and that mobile devices in different locations require transmission from the base station having varying amounts of RF signal power. The method efficiently distributes the signal power of the base station using the speed, location, and direction of the mobile device as control parameters, so more mobile devices can be serviced with increased overall system throughput. Moreover, a particular mobile device can receive signals transmitted with more than the required RF signal power, with respect to the mobile device's signal to interference ratio, to increase the data throughput of that mobile device.

Abstract: In a correlation circuit 103, a correlation value is obtained by despreading processing of a reception signal. The above correlation value is sent to a cell detection circuit 104 and a cell monitoring circuit 105. The above results of cell detection and cell monitoring are sent to a cell management table 106 for classification and management of cells. A management circuit 107 changes the cycle for cell monitoring/cell detection according to various kinds of events, and, then, gives an instruction for cell detection and cell monitoring at the changed cycle to the cell detection circuit 104 and the cell monitoring circuit 105.

Abstract: The handover control method for use in a mobile communication system changes a handover method according to an overlapping zone residence time of a mobile station by ranking three handover methods for the mobile station including a gateway handover method, a base station controller path extension handover method, and a radio link path extension handover method in association with how long the overlapping zone residence time of the mobile station is, and by selecting one handover method that corresponds to the overlapping zone residence time of the mobile station. When either the gateway handover method or the base station controller path extension handover method is selected for use, the handover method selects a handover path of which load on the system is minimum among the handover paths that can be employed by the selected handover method.

Abstract: A radio telephone (200) is operable in a cordless telephone system or in a cellular telephone system. The telephone (200) incorporates circuitry to detect user velocity so that when the user travels more quickly the telephone automatically transfers from cordless mode, which is the preferred mode, to cellular mode. This prevents the degeneration in communication quality which frequently occurs when a user of a cordless system travels faster than walking pace.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are presented for scheduling data packet transmissions during optimal channel conditions. In one method, data packet retransmissions are scheduled for transmission during favorable channel conditions when the target remote station is moving slowly, but are scheduled for periodic transmissions when the target is moving moderately or fast. In another method, long delays for retransmissions in a channel sensitive timing scheme are eliminated. In other methods, a combination of periodic and aperiodic retransmissions are used to achieve the desired frame error rate.

Abstract: Apparatus, and an associated method, dynamically selects values of thresholds to be used in a determination of whether to request a handoff of communications between serving and target base stations of a cellular, or other, radio communication system. Because the thresholds are dynamically determined, the thresholds are selectable responsive to communication characteristics about the mobile stations with which communications are to be handed off.

Abstract: The history of handover destinations is stored in a handover history storage section. Each time handover is effected, the history of past five consecutive handover destinations including the present handover destination is determined on the basis of the handover history storage section. When any of the handover destinations has been stored in the handover history storage section, the mobile station recognizes its state to be in the steady state and otherwise to be in the moving state. On the basis of the result of the recognition, the mobile station selects a search algorithm suitable for each state and searches for a base station. This enables the best base station to be searched for according to the state of the mobile station, thereby reducing the power consumption in the wait state, which lengthens the battery service life.

Abstract: Information represented by a signal generated in a communications medium by a first entity is recovered by receiving the signal from the communications medium at a second entity, determining a mobility characteristic for communications between the first entity and the second entity, and adaptively estimating the information from the received signal based on the determined mobility characteristic. The mobility characteristic may be received from the first entity at the second entity, and the information represented by the received signal may be adaptively estimated based on the received mobility characteristic. According to an embodiment of the invention, the mobility characteristic is a cell type identifier which is communicated from a base station to a mobile terminal, the mobile terminal adaptively estimating information from a signal received from the base station based on the communicated cell type identifier.

Abstract: A power management system for a mobile unit wherein the frequency of scanning a neighboring cell may be controlled. A mobile unit consumes power in standby mode by periodically scanning the base station in each neighboring cell to determine which base stations are providing a usable signal. When the signal provided by the mobile unit's servicing base station diminishes, the mobile unit informs the cellular network of the base stations providing usable signals to assist in the handover. By detecting the rate of change of the signal strength received from a base station, the mobile unit may change the scanning rate of each neighboring cell. Alternatively, the mobile unit can estimate the relative speed it is traveling through a cell. If traveling slowly through the cell or if the signal strength is not changing over time, the need for a rapid handover diminishes. The mobile unit may also increase the scanning rate if traveling rapidly through the cell.

Abstract: A moving speed detecting method of a mobile radio terminal which makes communication with a base station outputting a pilot signal includes a step of predicting phases and amplitudes of the pilot signal from the base station by using a plurality of prediction methods having different characteristics. A calculating step calculates errors for the prediction results, which are obtained for respective prediction methods in the prediction step, and a prediction error comparing step compares the prediction errors with respect to each of the prediction methods, which are calculated by the calculating step, to detect a moving speed of the mobile radio terminal.

Abstract: A receiver device for a mobile radiocommunication unit communicating with a base station via a propagation channel includes a pathfinder for determining the time-delays associated with a multipath signal, a channel estimator supplying an estimate of the propagation channel to a filter unit, which can be made up of a bank of Wiener filters, which optimizes the estimates of the propagation channel, and to a speed estimator that supplies the estimated speed of the mobile radio communication unit to the filter unit so as to select the appropriate filter corresponding to the speed estimate.

Abstract: A system and method for improving soft hand-off in a CDMA system uses mobile station location and velocity information to maintain soft hand-off legs with those cells in which the mobile station is more likely to be located. The system and method of the present invention estimates the weighted probability of the mobile station arriving in neighboring cells and produces “bias” values for those cells that the mobile station is more likely to be entering or to be located in. These bias values are used for modifying signal quality values for those cells, and for determining whether the current cell or neighbor cells are to be placed in an active set so as to establish, or maintain, soft hand-off legs. The system and method of the present invention thus chooses those cells which are more likely to be retained as soft hand-off legs and therefore reduces the overall number of soft hand-offs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an arrangement for providing mobile stations in a mobile vehicle with radio coverage. It comprises a mobile base station which is arranged within the mobile vehicle and which serves at least one mobile cell provided in the mobile vehicle, internal antenna means arranged within the mobile vehicle for providing communication with the mobile stations in the mobile vehicle and external communication means for providing communication between the mobile vehicle and the core network. When the mobile base station and the mobile cells handled thereby are stationary within a fixed cell, at least for a given time period, the mobile base station is docked in said fixed cell such that handovers are allowed between the mobile cell served by the mobile base station and the fixed cell. The invention also relates to a method of providing mobile stations in a mobile vehicle with radio coverage and to a communication system comprising such an arrangement.

Abstract: A radio communication system performs radio communication between a terminal station installed on a vehicle and a plurality of base stations provided along a roadside. The system detects a vehicle traveling speed in each communication area formed by each base station. The vehicle traveling speed is detected by a method which uses radio communication between the terminal station and the base stations. The time of the vehicle stay in the communication area is estimated based on the detected vehicle traveling speed, and the length of a packet is determined based on the estimated time of the vehicle stay in the communication area. In this way, the present system performs data transmission using a packet of an appropriate length according to the detected vehicle traveling speed.

Abstract: In the incoming call blocking system, a mobile terminal sends position information from a GPS receiving section to a switchboard through a plurality of base stations, the switchboard stores the received position information of the mobile terminal into an area of the mobile terminal in a movement monitoring memory, calculates by comparing the previous position information and the present position information for a difference to determine a moving speed of the mobile terminal, and judges whether the mobile terminal is moving at a high speed to block incoming calls.

Abstract: A mobile communication system is composed of a plurality of base stations, a mobile terminal, and a base station controller. The base station controller selects a communication base station from among the plurality of base stations based on a velocity of the mobile terminal. The mobile terminal establishes a channel with the communication base station.

Abstract: A mobile radio station for use in a mobile radio network in which the rate at which neighboring radio base stations are monitored can be reduced for power saving purposes without significantly degrading cell reselection performance. A reception field strength of a current cell and of signals transmitted from radio base stations neighboring the current cell. If the reception field strength of a current cell is less than a first threshold that has been previously determined, a rate of decrease of reception field strength of the current cell is determined. If the rate of decrease exceeds a second threshold, the reception field strengths of signals transmitted from a maximum number that previously determined of radio base stations from among neighboring radio base stations are measured.

Abstract: The object of the invention is a method to determine channel information in a cellular system, in which method user information is transmitted in information frames, which are transmitted by the current cell base station, and in which method neighbor cell base station information (105, 205, 305, 405, 505, 603, 612, 615, 622, 623, 632, 633) is received in order to synchronise to the neighbor cell base station. Preferably the method can be used to speed up or to enable the determination of channel information in connection with handover from the area of one base station to another. In the method according to the invention the user information transmission/reception is preferably interrupted during the reception (205, 305, 612, 632) of user information, which can be i.a. the signal level, the base station identity code (BSIC).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and arrangement for making a handover decision in a mobile communication system of multilayer radio coverage, which comprises measuring at a mobile station (MS) a radio signal transmitted by a base station (BTS) of a microcell, and reporting the measurement results at substantially regular intervals. The invention is characterized by determining a relative speed for the mobile station on the basis of the number and classification of the measurement results received at substantially regular intervals. Mobile stations moving at a speed slower than the relative speed are defined as slow moving and commanded to register in the base station of a suitable microcell (A, B, C).

Abstract: A portable telephone allowing easy and accurate estimation of its moving speed at the moment when an incoming call is received is disclosed. A moving status detector is provided which detects a moving status of the portable telephone based on measured reception signal strengths, each of which is measured on a sequentially selected one of N neighboring radio channels that are previously designated by the base station at a timing other than a communication timing of the designated radio channel in response to receipt of a call setup signal for an incoming call from the base station using the designated radio channel.

Abstract: A method for identifying a fast speed mobile station (MS) in a radio system, said method comprising measuring the frequency error of radio signals received from a mobile station. In order for a fast speed mobile station to be more reliably identified than before, the method comprises calculating the change (df) in BSC the frequency error from a time interval (t) of predetermined length, and identifying the mobile station as a fast speed mobile station if the change (df) in the calculated frequency error exceeds a predetermined limit value.

Abstract: A radio base station broadcasts system information through a control channel. Each mobile station receives system information (at step S21) and determines the moving speed thereof (at step S22). When the mobile station is moving at high speed, the mobile station measures the field intensities of available channels on which the mobile station can communicate with a macro cell radio base station (at step S23 or S27). When the mobile station is moving at low speed, the mobile station measures the field intensities of available channels on which the mobile station can communicate with a micro cell radio base station (at step S27 or S23). However, when the radio base station to which the mobile station is moving is different from the radio base station from which the mobile station has received the control channel at first, the mobile station receives new system information from the relevant base station at step S26.

Abstract: A process for managing intercellular transfers of communication in a cellular radio communication system. A specified number of microcells inside umbrella cells each respectively possess a base station for allowing the routing of the communications. Radio direction finding is used to pinpoint at least two successive virtual positions of the mobile stations in communication in relation to the base station of the umbrella cell in order to deduce therefrom a speed of movement of each mobile station in the time interval which separates the pinpointing of their positions. The speeds of movement which are obtained are compared to the specified speed values so as to entrust the management of the communication from a mobile station to the base station of the umbrella cell in which it lies when its speed is greater than the specified speed value, or to the base station of the microcells when it is not greater than the specified speed value.

Abstract: Connection of a car adapter or a car battery in an automobile to a portable radio communication apparatus is detected; communication with a communication system not warranting communication during fast transit is forbidden; and switching over to a communication system warranting it is accomplished.

Abstract: The present invention involves apparatus and method for providing page messages to mobile radios based on the mobility rates of the mobile radio. For mobile radios that are relatively stationary, page messages are sent to a cell in which the mobile radio resides, while radios which are increasingly mobile receive their page messages on a local area basis. The mobile radio only performs location updates when the situation is optimized for doing so depending upon the mobility of the radio, the introduction of a new cell, the introduction of a new location area, the expiration of a pre-determined time limit and the status of a new cell location flag. A function is defined for location updating on either a locationary basis or a cell basis in accordance with each of the above factors in order to optimize the burden of location area updating and unwanted page broadcasting.

Abstract: A mobile telephone capable of calling using a first calling system such as a personal handyphone system of being hand-off disabling at a moving speed more than the predetermined moving speed of the mobile telephone and a second calling system such as a personal digital cellular system of being hand-off enabling irrespective of the predetermined moving speed. A speed detector detects the moving speed of the mobile telephone itself, and a record holder stores the moving speed for a past predetermined time, detected by the speed detector. A central processing unit controls the calling using the first and second calling systems on the basis of the moving speed for the past predetermined time, resulting in improving reliability of line connection during moving, further improving using efficiency of the mobile telephone, and carrying out a more precise detection of a moving speed of the mobile telephone.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a handover method in a mobile communication system having a multilayer radio coverage, the system comprising at least one microcell (1, 2, 3) and at least one macrocell (M). The coverage area of the microcell (1, 2, 3) is at least mainly within the coverage area of the macrocell (M), the microcell layer forming a lower cell layer and the macrocell layer forming a higher cell layer. A cell to be examined and a target cell are located at different cell layers in the mobile communication system. In the method, relative moving speeds of mobile stations (MS) in the service area of a cell at the lower cell layer are determined and a traffic load in a cell at the higher cell layer is monitored.

Abstract: A mobile communication terminal is provided with a GPS receiver and detects a movement velocity of the mobile communication terminal based on GPS data. The period of time in which the channel condition of a radio channel is monitored is changed according to the movement velocity. The lower the movement velocity of the mobile communication terminal, the longer the period of time in which the radio channel is intermittently monitored. The radio channel is periodically monitored in a period of time changed according to the movement velocity of the mobile communication terminal. Channel switching is performed from a radio channel being used to a neighboring radio channel when the channel condition of the neighboring radio channel is better than that of the radio channel being used.