Abstract: To form a wireless network, a network invitation signal is broadcast to potential members of the wireless network that are within a range of the wireless network. Upon a potential member of the wireless network responding affirmatively to join the wireless network, identification information is obtained from the potential member. The potential member is then included within the wireless network.

Abstract: Apparatus, and associated method, verifies values of antenna weightings used to weight transmit signals transmitted by a base transceiver station which utilizes transmit diversity. Verification is performed at a mobile station which receives transmit signals sent by the base transceiver station. Sequence estimation is provided by a sequence estimator which thereby verifies the values of the feedback information. Once verified, the values are returned to the base transceiver station and are utilized to adjust the weightings of the antennas for subsequently-communicated signals by the base station. The use of sequence estimation permits improved accuracy of verification of the values of the antenna weightings.

Abstract: A point to multipoint system includes utilizing the FM 57 kHz Radio Broadcast Data System (RBDS) standard and a novel receiver. A single broadcast source sends messages from multiple senders, in a variety of manners including automatically and semi-automatically, to a plurality or receivers who may select to receive or not to receive particular senders' messages. The receiver may be remotely programmable, and may institute actions upon receipt of predetermined stimuli such as a smoke alarm tone. Various automatic and semiautomatic message initiators could include water level detectors, burglar ar alarms, school bus locators.

Abstract: A synchronization system in accordance with the principles of the invention includes a central synchronizing management unit, at least one synchronization distribution unit, and at least one network element. Each synchronization distribution unit receives synchronization and management information from the central synchronization management unit. This information may be transmitted directly from the central synchronization management unit, or it may be transmitted though another synchronization distribution unit in a group of a daisy-chained synchronization distribution units. The daisy-chained arrangement employs both active and passive optical paths. The central synchronizing management unit may query any synchronization distribution unit within the system to obtain performance statistics.

Abstract: The method of invention provides a multicast service from an information delivery apparatus to wireless terminals through wireless routes. The method includes the step of transmitting, from the information delivery apparatus, a plurality of sets of multicast information, wherein these sets are identical to each other as to contents thereof but differ in transmission conditions. The method further includes the step of receiving, at any given one of the wireless terminals, one of the sets of multicast information being transmitted under one of the differing transmission conditions.

Abstract: The invention is a system for programming wireless subscriber terminals (WST's) using a broadcast channel of a wireless communication system. In accordance with the invention, a control program, for controlling operation of the WST, is updated using a series of messages transmitted from a base station over a broadcast control channel to one or more WST's simultaneously. Each message in the series contains a segment of the control program, and the series of messages is interleaved with other control data on the broadcast control channel in order to avoid interference with other call activities. When a WST identifies a message as containing a control program segment, the WST stores the segment. Once a complete control program has been received, control of the WST can be transferred to the new control program. Receipt of the broadcast transmission is subject to interruption for a variety of reasons, e.g.

Abstract: A method for repeating data transmission between a reception side and a transmission side in a radio communication system wherein the transmission side includes a first upper layer and a first layer 1 and the reception side includes a second upper layer and a second layer 1 includes the steps of: by the transmission side, measuring a radio environment; determining to perform repeated transmission or normal transmission based on a measurement result; and if it is determined to perform the repeated transmission, by the first upper layer of the transmission side, performing a first data processing; by the reception side, receiving data from the transmission side and determining if the repeated transmission or the normal transmission was performed; and if the repeated transmission was performed, by the second layer 1 of the reception side, performing a second data processing.

Abstract: Methods to optimize range of multicast signal communication in wireless communication applications that use range-enhanced techniques for directed signal communication. A multicast signal may be sent multiple times through each of a plurality of independent omnidirectional transmit antennas of a communication device to a plurality of other communication devices to improve packet error rate (PER) at a given range (i.e., SNR). More generally, the multicast message can be transmitted up to N times using up to N times using any set of N complex linearly independent N-dimensional transmit weight vectors v1, . . . , vN associated with N plurality of transmit antennas that meets the power constraint ?vi?2=1, i=0, . . . ,N?1, where the vector vi is used for the ith transmission of the multicast signal.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for performing a protocol that optimizes a transmission power in a network. The apparatus and the method perform a protocol that optimizes the transmission power in the network for point-to-multipoint communication (1:N). The apparatus includes a communication unit for sending and receiving a data packet through the air, and a control unit that outputs a control signal for controlling the transmission power according to connection information of the data packet received through the communication unit. The connection information includes a reception signal strength and/or link quality information. Since the transmission power is adjustable, communication is carried out among nodes of the network with an adequately minimum power consumption and a proper communication quality.

Abstract: A method of transmitting information to a portable computing device comprises, using a first communication protocol, transmitting a client to the portable computing device. The client configures the portable computing device to communicate with a distributor using a data transfer communication protocol. Using the data transfer communication protocol, the information is transmitted from the distributor to the portable computing device. Transmitting the information includes generating, at the distributor, a polling signal, detecting, at the distributor, an acknowledgement signal generated, in response to the polling signal, by the portable computing device, and generating, in response to the acknowledgement signal, a broadcast signal incorporating the information.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a method and system for multicast service announcement in a cell that includes a core network, a UTRAN, and one or more mobile network nodes. The UTRAN includes a RNC. The RNC continuously sends multicast service announcements in a frame over a channel such as a PICH. The frame may include a type field and an indication field where the type field contains information related to the type of information in the indication field, or the frame may include a current service announcement identification field, a next service announcement identification field, and a time offset field. The type field can be used also to separate long term scheduling announcement or service advertising frames from the multicast/broadcast data frames, or the type field can be used to separate the multicast/broadcast control frames from the multicast/broadcast data frames.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for enabling coexistence in a wireless local-area network between legacy stations and stations that can transmit higher-bandwidth signals. The illustrative embodiment employs a transceiver that can transmit and receive higher-bandwidth signals over a combination of two or more shared-communications channels, and an enhanced medium access control (MAC) protocol by which stations progressively reserve channels before transmitting higher-bandwidth signals.

Abstract: A radio communication apparatus that enables synchronization to be maintained reliably on a receiving side. In this apparatus, a UW detector (106) detects a UW included in a time division multiplexed mobile station received signal. A timing discrimination section (107) finds a timing difference between the UW detection timing and preset reference reception timing, and creates delay information from the found timing difference. A slot counter (109) overflows every slot and outputs an overflow signal reporting the next slot. Before a mobile station starts communication, a mobile station timing register (110) outputs at predetermined timing initial delay information obtained from a higher-level station, and after a mobile station starts communication, outputs at predetermined timing delay information input from the timing discrimination section (107).

Abstract: A branch candidate selecting method by a mobile station and a diversity handover control method on a network side in DHO performance are provided which consider a maximum cable branch number and maximum radio branch number of the mobile station, when the mobile station detects the plurality of addition branch candidates and deletion branch candidates. The mobile station inserts a plurality of addition branch candidates and deletion branch candidates, that is, all the DHO candidates into one handover trigger signal, and notifies the network. The addition branch candidates are put into addition information parameters in the handover trigger signal, and the deletion branch candidates are put into deletion information parameters. To simplify processing on the network side, the network side separates the addition branch candidates from the deletion branch candidates, and carries out sequential processing of them independently.

Abstract: A multicast communication method in a CDMA mobile communication system which is capable of reducing a transmission power in a base station system, and is capable of performing an efficient multicast operation for a large number of mobile subscribers is provided. The starting of information distribution by a multicast operation and identification information indicating a content of the information thereof are notified through a broadcast channel to a mobile subscriber. Further, through the broadcast channel, information such as a spread code or the like to be used at this time, which is necessary for actual reception of communication data, is notified. Then, in the mobile subscriber, a surround environment of the mobile subscriber is checked to determine the possibility of simultaneous receiving from a plurality of other base station systems. If possible, similar notified information is also received from other base station systems.

Abstract: In a wireless communications system, multicast messages are transported to groups of wireless terminals by employing a common control channel to transmit a multicast paging message indicating that multicast traffic data is to be transmitted to a particular group of wireless terminals. In an embodiment of the invention, the essential information transmitted in the common control channel is the identifier of the group of wireless terminals intended to receive the multicast traffic data and the location of a traffic channel on which the multicast traffic is to be transported in a channel resource which may include a representation of bandwidth and time interval. In accordance with an aspect of the invention, the common control channel is associated with a traffic channel in a prescribed fixed manner. Further, the traffic channel used for the purpose of multicast can be the same traffic channel used for the normal point-to-point transmission of traffic data.

Abstract: There is disclosed, for use in a first radio frequency (RF) modem shelf associated with a first one of a plurality of base stations in a fixed wireless access network, a timing distribution apparatus for synchronizing the operations of a plurality of RF modems in the first RF modem shelf. The timing distribution apparatus comprises: a) a primary master clock source for generating an internal master clock signal and an internal master framing signal; b) a plurality of interface control processors capable of synchronizing a downlink transmission of one of the plurality of RF modems; c) a synchronization bus; d) an external interface input port capable of receiving an external master synchronization signal from a second RE modem shelf; and e) an external interface output port for transmitting at least one of the internal master clock signal and the internal master framing signal to the second RF modem shelf.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of determining the validity of service announcements in a cellular mobile network, wherein a multimedia broadcast/multicast service (MBMS) is provided, a service area (SA) is defined by the availability of a specific broadcast/multicast service which availability is announced in each cell, and the method comprises: generating a service announcement area identification (SAA id) which is the same for cells with identical service announcements; and checking by a user entity (UE) upon arrival in a new cell which service announcement is valid by receiving the service announcement area identification (SAA id). Also disclosed are a corresponding system and user entity.

Abstract: A method is provided for the administration of a muticast service whereby mobile terminals of users who have subscribed to the multicast service receive multicast messages via a mobile communication network. The present invention seeks to use the available radio resources in a more economical manner. To this end, the mobile terminals are respectively prodied with an input unit which, when actuated, produces activation information which indicates whether the multicast service is activated or deactivated, and the activation information is transmitted to the mobile communication network.

Abstract: A method for enabling a user equipment (UE) to recover from a multimedia broadcast/multicast service (MBMS) data error in a mobile communication system. The mobile communication system includes a radio network controller (RNC) and at least one cell for transmitting MBMS data to at least one UE according to a control operation of the RNC. The RNC transmits first control information to UEs located in each cell. Each of the UEs receives the first control information and the MBMS data. When an error in the received MBMS data is detected, the RNC is notified that an MBMS data reception error has occurred. Response information associated with the MBMS data reception error is transmitted from the UE to the RNC. The UE determines whether control information contained in the response information matches the first control information. The MBMS data reception error is recovered from, according to a result of the determination.

Abstract: A first base station, which is coupled to a first switching system part is set up within radio range of a second base station, which is coupled to a second switching system part. After initial synchronization of the first base station to the first switching system part and of the second base station to the second switching system part, the second base station receives radio frames transmitted from the first base station and determines their time error with respect to its own radio frame clock. The determined time error is then transmitted to the second switching system part. In response to this, the second switching system part transmits a synchronization signal to the second base station, with the transmission time being chosen as a function of the transmitted time error such that the radio frame clock of the second base station is synchronized with the radio frames of the first base station by time alignment with the synchronization signal.

Abstract: A method synchronizes signaling messages and multimedia content loading at a callee terminal. A first signaling message transmitted from a caller terminal to initiate a multimedia session establishment is processed to detect, in the first signaling message, information indicating that the multimedia content should be presented in synchronization with a second signaling message necessary to session establishment. The multimedia content is downloaded and presented in accordance with the information indicating that the multimedia content should be presented in synchronization with said second signaling message necessary to session establishment. The second signaling message necessary to session establishment is delayed until after the step of downloading and presenting the multimedia content in accordance with the information indicating that the multimedia content should be presented in synchronization with the second signaling message is completed.

Abstract: A distributed radio system with multiple transceivers for simulcasting and selective processing of received signals is provided. The distributed radio system includes a plurality of processing elements and radio frequency transmitter elements interconnected by an Ethernet network. The system designates a number of radio frequency transmitter elements to be elements of a radio frequency simulcast set. The system utilizes relatively few frequency channels, and transmits at very low power levels, and thus causes minimal interference with an existing macrocellular environment. When signals transmitted from a mobile unit are detected by multiple radio receivers, the system is able to select a desired radio receiver signal for processing. When selecting a received signal for processing, the system utilizes a distributed processing technique that performs the selection process throughout several levels. The distributed processing utilized by the selection process may be synchronized.

Abstract: A method of mitigating phase nulls in a local wireless telephone system comprises inserting one or more random bits into a frame of a simulcast signal. The introduction of the random bits into the frame causes subsequent bits in the frame to be modulated differently, thereby reducing phase cancellation nulls. While particularly suited to localized wireless telephone systems, the methodology may be equally adapted to any mobile network wherein geographically proximate antennas broadcast the same signals.

Abstract: A radio communication scheme applicable to UMTS providing packet data services, such as multimedia broadcast and multicast services (MBMS), to one or more users by modifying (augmenting) certain existing radio communication protocols while employing a new transport channel (a point-to-multipoint DSCH), and/or by establishing new physical downlink shared channels (C-PDSCH and D-PDSCH). An RLC layer is provided in a single CRNC so that the same MBMS can be transmitted to a plurality of terminals via a point-to-multipoint DSCH, without having to repetitively provide many RLC layers in many SRNCs. Alternatively, a C-PDSCH (physical downlink shared channel for control) and a D-PDSCH (physical downlink shared channel for data) are established to allow periodic transmission of MBMS, permitting users to simultaneously access one or more MBMS.

Abstract: A radio communication system includes a radio network controller, base stations and mobile stations. The mobile station includes a response signal transmitter which is configured to transmit a response signal including a group ID identifying a multicast group A to a base station. The response signal responds to a control signal for the multicast group A which the mobile station is joining in. The base station includes a response signal transmitter configured to transmit at least one response signal to the radio network controller. The response signal is selected from at least one response signal transmitted from the mobile station joining in the same multicast group A.

Abstract: The invention provides a system and method in which users may join a communication mode such that the multimedia content received by the user is closely matched to a predefined profile. The content may be transmitted by unicast, multicast or radio broadcast. Moreover, depending on an individual's request(s) and that of other users in a network, a user may switch between a radio broadcast, multicast and unicast to meet the user's preferences based on a profile. Profile data may include content type, transmission quality, cost considerations, etc. The two-way nature of the system and method also enable a user to request and receive information and complete transactions.

Abstract: A method of coordinating the delivery of two independent messages, of different mediums, for simultaneous presentation is provided. The messages are communicated in a system capable of including coordination plans with the messages. The coordination plans include the identity of the independent messages, points in the messages where the coordination begins, and the duration of the presentation. Once linkage points in the first and second messages are defined, the relationship between messages is defined, so that independent messages 10 are displayed with predefined, meaningful timing. In communication system flexible enough to support real-time, two-way communications, such as wireless telephones, at least one of the messages to be coordinated can be received and presented in real-time. A system of coordinating two independent messages with a coordination plan message is also provided.

Abstract: A base station for a radio communications systems contains at least one carrier-related transceiver device and at least one central unit for controlling the base station. The transceiver device and the central unit each contain at least one interface device which are connected by at least one individual line in accordance with a point-to-point connection for transmitting traffic data. Therefore, point-to-point connections with individual lines for each transceiver device that do not need to satisfy the requirements of identical lengths are used instead of a bus structure. In this way, an essentially more cost-effective implementation of the transmission of traffic data between the central unit and transceiver device is possible because the data rate can also be increased in accordance with the length of the individual line. A logic bus structure is mapped onto physical point-to-point connections. Traffic data, o&m data and also synchronization data are transmitted using the bus structure.

Abstract: The communique system for cellular communication networks that operates with existing cellular communication networks to provide communique communication services to subscribers. The Communique can be unidirectional (broadcast) or bidirectional (interactive) in nature and the extent of the Communique can be network-wide broadcast or narrowcast, where cells and/or cell sectors are grouped to cover a predetermined geographic area or demographic population or subscriber interest group to transmit information to subscribers who populate the target audience for the narrowcast transmissions. The grouping of cells to form the communique coverage area for the narrowcast transmissions need not be contiguous and can comprise dynamic combinations of contiguous and non-contiguous cells as well as combinations of in-building wireless coverage areas, standard terrestrial cells, non-terrestrial cells, orchestrated in a hierarchical manner.

Abstract: The present invention sets forth a methodology for providing improved downlink backhaul services from a radio network controller (RNC) to a plurality of base stations via a backhaul network that provides Ethernet services. The Ethernet services are provided by a group of provider edge (PE) switches and regular label switch routers (referred to as P switches). Base stations within the network are assigned into clusters, each of the clusters having a cluster ID. The RNC transmits packets to a given switch or switches out on the network based on a cluster ID included within the transmitted packet. The communications traffic is then multicast from at least one last hop switch in the network to candidate base stations on the basis of the cluster ID and an active set within the cluster. Advantageously, the clusters act as subgroups for more easily directing the transmission of the backhaul multicast traffic.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for providing a broadcast system parameter message in a wireless communication system supporting a broadcast service. In one embodiment, the message identifies a service option number corresponding to a set of broadcast parameters. In an alternate embodiment, the message identifies a block of bytes corresponding to broadcast parameters. The message may be transmitted on a channel for transmitting overhead information. For a system supporting a broadcast service, the message identifies a protocol stack for processing broadcast content.

Abstract: There is disclosed an improved base station for communicating with communication units in a wireless messaging system. According to an advantageous embodiment, the base station comprises: 1) a transmitter that is capable of transmitting messages to the communication units in a forward-channel having a first frequency range; 2) a receiver that is capable of receiving messages from the communication units in a reverse-channel having a second frequency range; and 3) an antenna that is capable of transmitting the forward-channel messages at a first angle of electrical downtilt below the horizon and receiving the reverse-channel messages at a second angle of electrical downtilt, wherein the second angle of electrical downtilt is less than the first angle of electrical downtilt.

Abstract: A point to multipoint radio service is disclosed which enables a mobile telephone network subscriber to transmit data simultaneously to a plurality of public switched telephone network subscribers. According to the present invention, a plurality of calls originate from the mobile telephone network subscriber, modems in an interworking function device are allocated with respect to the calls, and then wire modems and traffic paths of the PSTN subscribers are established corresponding to the originating calls after the modem allocation.

Abstract: For synchronous transmission between two telecommunications units, the devices must always be synchronized. Typically, a reference signal is required for synchronization. The reference signal can be transmitted from one unit to another embedded in the data signal. If the data is transmitted via a transmission network modulated in the way required by the network, the reference signal is not always received by the receiver together with the data signal. The problem is solved by this invention by converting the reference signal before its transmission into the transmission network for the frequency band used for transmission in the transmission network.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing coverage control for multicast service in a wireless network. The present invention comprises a central transceiver for receiving a membership report from a plurality of wireless communication devices, the membership report identifying a multicast group to which at least one wireless communication device belongs. The central transceiver transmits an indication of the multicast group identified in the membership report to at least a portion of the plurality of wireless communication devices. The wireless communication devices use the information contained within the indication to determine whether or not to transmit a membership report identifying a multicast group to which it currently belongs.

Abstract: An interactive radio system is provided for use with broadcast radio stations wherein feedback is provided to subscribers of the system via the Internet. Interactive radio mobile units are mounted within vehicles or at other locations. Each mobile unit includes a receiver for receiving radio broadcasts, a GPS system for determining the location of the vehicle, and a wireless transmitter for transmitting interactive radio control signals to a network operation center. While listening to a radio broadcast, the subscriber selects program segments of interest by pressing an interactive radio control button on the mobile unit. The program segments are, for example, individual musical selections, advertisements or the like. In response, the mobile unit transmits the carrier frequency of the radio broadcast, the date and time, the geographical location of the vehicle, and a subscriber identification signal to the network operation center using the wireless transmitter.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a first circuit and a second circuit. The first circuit may be configured to generate a first detection signal and a second detection signal in response to (i) an input signal, (ii) a first control signal, and (iii) a second control signal. The second circuit may be configured to generate a first output signal and a second output signal in response to (i) the first detection signal, (ii) the second detection signals, and (iii) a third control signal.

Abstract: A point to multipoint messaging system includes utilizing the FM 57 kHz Radio Broadcast Data System (RBDS) standard and a novel receiver. A single broadcast source sends messages from multiple senders, in a variety of manners including automatically and semi-automatically, to a plurality of receivers who may select to receive or not to receive particular senders' messages. The receiver is remotely programmable by the user so that the user may select to receive at least some messages.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there is disclosed a frame synchronization device which detects a time point to start a data frame from a received signal. Here, the received signal is constituted by disposing the data frame following a preamble period constituted by repeatedly disposing a synchronization symbol. The device stores the synchronization symbol in a memory, and establishes correlation between the synchronization symbol stored in the memory and the received signal by the first correlation processor. The received signal is delayed by a time corresponding to a length of the synchronization symbol by a delay unit, correlation is established between signals before and after the delay by a second correlation processor, and the preamble period is detected from a correlation processing result. The start time point of the data frame is detected based on the correlation processing result of the first correlation processor obtained during the preamble period.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a method and system for multicast service announcement in a cell that includes a core network, a UTRAN, and one or more mobile network nodes. The UTRAN includes a RNC. The RNC continuously sends multicast service announcements in a frame over a channel such as a PICH. The frame may include a type field and an indication field where the type field contains information related to the type of information in the indication field, or the frame may include a current service announcement identification field, a next service announcement identification field, and a time offset field. The type field can be used also to separate long term scheduling announcement or service advertising frames from the multicast/broadcast data frames, or the type field can be used to separate the multicast/broadcast control frames from the multicast/broadcast data frames.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of targeting a multi-cast message, comprising the steps of gathering user information related to one or more users, categorizing the user information into one or more interest categories, associating respective ones of the users with ones of the interest categories, receiving service information from a service provider, determining an association between the received service information and ones of the interest categories to determine at least one associated interest category, selecting users using the at least one associated interest category to determine selected users and communicating the received service information to the selected users using the multi-cast message.

Abstract: A user who desires to establish a temporary talk group first requests a temporary group identifier, then the user specifies the talk group membership and a validity period. The temporary talk group can be set up using a mobile communication device, or by use of a computer which connects with a service provider's server over the Internet.

Abstract: There are proposed a method for determining timing differences between a plurality of radio transmitters (BTS) and a radio network incorporating the method. Timing information of signals received by measuring means from said plurality of radio transmitters (BTS) is determined. The timing differences between said plurality of radio transmitters (BTS) are determined on the basis of said timing information determined by said measuring means and the respective distance differences between said plurality of radio transmitters (BTS) and said measuring means. This method can be advantageously applied to locating mobile stations in a mobile radio network.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for extending the service area in a mobile communication system is provided, in which the service area is defined with a normal mode or an extension mode based on a distance between the base station and the mobile station and, in case of the extension mode, a transmission clock used by the mobile station for transmitting signals is changed, thus extending the service area. The access is attempted in the normal mode, and the transmission clock for transmitting the mobile signal is advanced the initial delay in the extension mode when the access fails. The access is reattempted with repeating the control of the transmission clock until the number of times of the access attempt reaches a predetermined number of times. When the number of times of the access currently attempted is greater than the predetermined number of times, the extension mode is converted to the normal mode, returning to the initial state.

Abstract: A method of indexing information stored on a portable electronic device. The method includes receiving an association signal by the portable electronic device the association signal providing an indication of adjacent resources, accessing a database including a table storing relationships between data stored on the portable electronic device and the association signal, and indexing the data based on the relationships accessed in the database.

Abstract: Coherent transmit macro-diversity involves transmitting simultaneous signals from one or more transmitters to one or more wireless receivers. Transmit signals are formed as weighted combinations of the individual information signals for each of the wireless receivers. By properly weighting these receiver-specific signals, the combined signals combine at each receiver to cancel all but the desired information signal for that receiver. This improves reception performance and allows multiple receivers to operate on the same communication channel in the same area if desired. The weighting factors used to form the combined signals are based on propagation path characteristics between each of the transmit antennas and each of the receivers. This information is generally referred organized as a channel estimate matrix and is used to filter the information signals such that they may be combined in the required weighted combinations.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided to establish multicast capabilities for communication systems including wireless communication and internet protocol (IP). An exemplary communication system may include one or more content servers (CSs), IP network, packet data serving nodes (PDSNs), IP radio-to-packet network (IP (RP)), base stations (BSs), and mobile stations (MSs) all communicatively coupled together. The content servers may provide a communication multicast on the same IP multicast address. The PDSN to MS communications may use, for example, protocols IGMP (IPv4) and/or MLD (IPv6) for control signaling of the IP multicasting. These protocols may be augmented by MCFTP. The signaling may include identifiers including the IP multicast address, a flow code that may be generated by the PDSN, a unique mapping reference identifier, and various radio parameters. Various signal flow approaches are presented for establishing and maintaining multicast communication between a content server and a mobile station.

Abstract: A digital radio relay system has a control station having a line control unit, the control station having at least a first mobile station located in its communication zone, and a relay station coupled to the control station by a radio channel, the relay station having at least a second mobile station located in its communication zone, so that the control station and the relay station can be communicated by the radio channel, wherein when the first and second mobile stations communicate with each other, the line control unit has a timing control unit for adjusting timing of a communication between the first and second mobile stations, and the timing control unit adjusts a difference between a line connection time of the control station and the mobile station in the control station zone and a line connection time of the control station and the mobile station in the relay station zone.

Abstract: A control system for a linear feed-forward amplifier, using the ratio of measured spurious energy. Measuring receivers are coupled to two monitoring points to measure the spurious energy content in the error signal and at the main output of a feed-forward amplifier. The control system measures the ratio of these detected spurious, and uses this to optimize the settings of the second loop distortion cancellation. With the addition of an extra monitoring point, the same technique may also be used to control an adaptive predistorter prior to the main amplifier.