Abstract: A supported composite particle material comprises: a composite particle formed of an oxidized nickel and X (wherein X represents at least one of elements selected from the group consisting of nickel, palladium, platinum, ruthenium, gold, silver and copper); and a support on which the composite particle is supported, the supported composite particle material having a supported layer in which the composite particle is localized.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a supported tin-comprising catalyst, wherein a solution (S) comprising tin nitrate and at least one complexing agent is applied to the support, where the solution (S) does not comprise any solid or has a solids content of not more than 0.5% by weight based on the total amount of dissolved components.

Abstract: A process for producing a catalyst, the process comprising the steps of: impregnating a first metal from a first metal precursor on a support to form a first impregnated support; calcining the first impregnated support; impregnating a second metal from a second metal precursor on the first impregnated support to form a second impregnated support; calcining the second impregnated support to form the catalyst, wherein the catalyst has a total metal loading of at least 2 wt. % based on the total weight of the catalyst. A method for hydrogenating alkanoic acids in the presence of the catalyst is also disclosed.

Abstract: An improved catalyst suitable as a preferential oxidation catalyst is obtained by adding platinum, copper, and iron to a support.

Abstract: Processes are disclosure which comprise alternately contacting an oxygen-carrying catalyst with a reducing substance, or a lower partial pressure of an oxidizing gas, and then with the oxidizing gas or a higher partial pressure of the oxidizing gas, whereby the catalyst is alternately reduced and then regenerated to an oxygenated state. In certain embodiments, the oxygen-carrying catalyst comprises at least one metal oxide-containing material containing a composition having the following formulas: (a) CexByB?zB?O?, wherein B=Ba, Sr, Ca, or Zr; B?=Mn, Co, and/or Fe; B?=Cu; 0.01<x<0.99; 0<y<0.6; 0<z<0.5; (b) Ce1-x-yNixByO2-*, wherein B=Zr, Ba, Ca, La, or K; 0.02<x<0.1; 0<y<0.1; and 0.02<*<0.15; and 1<?<2.2 and (c) coal ash either as a catalyst material itself or as a support for said unary or binary metal oxides.

Abstract: An iron-based Fischer-Tropsch catalyst comprising magnetite and characterized by integrable X-ray diffraction reflections corresponding to (311), (511), (440), and (400), such that the relative intensity of the (400) reflection to the (300) reflection is less than about 39%. A method of preparing an activated iron-based Fischer-Tropsch catalyst by providing a precipitated catalyst comprising oxides including at least iron oxide; and activating the precipitated catalyst to provide the activated iron-based Fischer-Tropsch catalyst, wherein activating the precipitated catalyst comprises exposing the precipitated catalyst to an activation gas and increasing the temperature from a first temperature to a second temperature at a ramp rate, whereby the ratio of the intensity of the (400) reflection of the activated iron-based Fischer-Tropsch catalyst to the intensity of the (311) reflection thereof is less than 38%.

Abstract: This invention relates to heterogeneous catalysts useful for selective hydrogenation of unsaturated hydrocarbons, comprising palladium and optionally a promoter, supported on a substrate, having an uncoated BET surface area of ?9 m2/g, the surface being coated with an ionic liquid. Also described are methods of making the catalysts and methods of selective hydrogenation of acetylene and/or dienes in front-end mixed olefin feed streams.

Abstract: Provided are a catalyst, an electrode, a fuel cell, a gas detoxification apparatus, and the like that can promote a general electrochemical reaction causing gas decomposition or the like. A catalyst according to the present invention is used for promoting an electrochemical reaction and is chain particles 3 formed of an alloy particles containing nickel (Ni) and at least one selected from the group consisting of iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), tungsten (W), and copper (Cu).

Abstract: A composite anode material for a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), an anode for a SOFC including a Ni-containing alloy including Ni and a transition metal other than Ni; and a perovskite metal oxide having a perovskite structure.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a novel type of active mass in looping redox processes. Said mass contains a spinel of formula Cu1?xFe1+xAlO4 with 0?x?0.1. The active mass according to the invention has a high oxygen transfer capacity and improved oxidation and reduction rates.

Abstract: A process for producing a ringlike oxidic shaped body by mechanically compacting a pulverulent aggregate introduced into the fill chamber of a die, wherein the outer face of the resulting compact corresponds to that of a frustocone.

Abstract: Iron-comprising heterogeneous catalyst and a process for producing it, which comprises the steps of thermal decomposition of gaseous iron pentacarbonyl to give carbonyl iron powder having spherical primary particles, treatment of carbonyl iron powder with hydrogen, resulting in the metallic spherical primary particles at least partially forming agglomerates, contacting the agglomerates with iron pentacarbonyl, and thermal decomposition of the iron pentacarbonyl to give at least predominantly pore-free and void-free secondary particles.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing butene from n-butane by direct dehydrogenation using a specific supported catalyst. When the supported catalyst of the present invention, wherein platinum, palladium or platinum and palladium as main catalyst and a copper cocatalyst are supported on an alumina support, is used to prepare n-butenes by direct dehydrogenation of n-butane, production of byproducts resulting from cracking and isomerization, deposition of carbon and inactivation of the catalyst are effectively suppressed and conversion ratio of n-butane and selectivity to n-butenes are remarkably improved.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing a core-shell structured electrocatalyst for a fuel cell. The method includes uniformly supporting nano-sized core particles on a support to obtain a core support, and selectively forming a shell layer only on the surface of the core particles of the core support. According to the method, the core and the shell layer can be formed without the need for a post-treatment process, such as chemical treatment and heat treatment. Further disclosed is a core-shell structured electrocatalyst for a fuel cell produced by the method. The core-shell structured electrocatalyst has a large amount of supported catalyst and exhibits superior catalytic activity and excellent electrochemical properties. Further disclosed is a fuel cell including the core-shell structured electrocatalyst.

Abstract: The reduction of nitrogen oxides in gas is carried out, by means of selective reaction of the nitrogen oxide with the reducing agent in the in the solid catalyst. In order to achieve high catalytic activity, the above is carried out at high gas temperatures. As a rule, ceramic filter elements, coated with catalytic material are used. This does, however, give rise to the risk the catalytically active components are stripped from the filter during the hot gas filtration. A ceramic filter element with support material in the form of particles, with binder material and catalytic material is thus disclosed, whereby the binder material comprises catalytic material, or the binder material is partly replaced by the catalyst material and the support material particles (1) are connected to each other by means of the catalyst and/or binder material.

Abstract: A fuel cell (70) having an anode (72), a cathode (78) and an electrolyte (76) between the anode (72) and the cathode (78) includes a cathode catalyst (80) formed of a plurality of nanoparticles. Each nanoparticle (20) has a plurality of terraces (26) formed of platinum surface atoms (14), and a plurality of edge (28) and corner regions (29) formed of atoms from a second metal (30)—The cathode catalyst may be formed by combining a platinum nanoparticle with a metal salt in a solution. Ions from the second metal react with platinum and replace platinum atoms on the nanoparticle. The second metal atoms at the corner and edge regions of the nanoparticle, as well as at any surface defects, result in a more stable catalyst structure. In some embodiments, the fuel cell (70) is a proton exchange membrane fuel cell and the nanoparticles are tetrahedron-shaped. In some embodiments, the fuel cell (70) is a phosphoric acid fuel cell and the nanoparticles are cubic-shaped.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is fine particles of core-shell structure, each particle being composed of a core particle which is formed from a first material and has the face-centered cubic crystal structure and a shell layer which is formed from a second material differing from the first material on the surface of the core particle and has the face-centered cubic crystal structure, the fine particles containing particles which are multiply twinned fine particles and are surrounded by the {111} crystal plane.

Abstract: A catalyst with large surface area structure, in particular for steam-reforming catalysts, which is characterized in that the large surface area structure is formed of a large number of round or parallel penetrating holes of polygonal cross-section, wherein the catalyst carrier is prepared in the injection molding process, coated with a washcoat and then impregnated with the active component. The catalyst carrier includes at least one sinterable material and has a lateral pressure resistance of at least 700 N. Also, a process for the preparation of such catalysts and the use thereof in a reactor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a cobalt metal foam catalyst including a metal foam coated with cobalt catalyst powder, a cobalt metal foam catalyst manufactured by the method, a thermal medium-circulated heat exchanger type reactor using the cobalt metal foam catalyst, and a method of producing liquid fuel by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis using the reactor. An object of the present invention is to provide a catalyst, which is used to obtain high liquid fuel productivity even at a low CO conversion ratio because the reaction temperature can be kept stable by controlling reaction heat with high efficiency in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis so that the mass transfer characteristics of a catalyst layer can be improved, and a method of manufacturing the catalyst, a reactor filled with the catalyst, and a method of producing liquid fuel using the reactor.

Abstract: A process for producing an olefin oxide which comprises reacting an olefin with oxygen in the presence of a catalyst comprising (a) copper oxide, (b) ruthenium metal or ruthenium oxide and (c) alkaline metal component or alkaline earth metal component.

Abstract: A process for producing an olefin oxide which comprises reacting an olefin with oxygen in the presence of a catalyst comprising a copper oxide and a ruthenium oxide on a porous support.

Abstract: A stabilized platinum nanoparticle has a core portion surrounded by a plurality of outer surfaces. The outer surfaces include terrace regions formed of platinum atoms, and edge and corner regions formed of atoms from a second metal. The stabilized nanoparticle may be formed by combining a platinum nanoparticle with a metal salt in a solution. Ions of the second metal react with platinum and replace platinum atoms on the nanoparticle. Platinum atoms from the edge and corner regions react with the second metal ions quicker than surface atoms from the terraces, due to a greater difference in electrode potential between the platinum atoms at the edge and corner regions, as compared to the second metal in the solution. The platinum nanoparticle may include surface defects, such as steps and kinks, which may also be replaced with atoms of the second metal. In an exemplary embodiment, the platinum nanoparticle is a cathode catalyst in an electro-chemical cell.

Abstract: There is provided a method of stably producing nanoparticles of a metal alone, in particular a transition metal alone, the method comprises heating a chelate complex (M-DMG) comprised of two dimethyl glyoxime (DMG) molecules and one transition metal (M) ion at 300 to 400° C. so as to generate transition metal (M) nanoparticles carried on carbon particles. The method preferably comprises heating a mixture of said chelate complex (M-DMG) and alumina so as to generate transition metal (M) nanoparticles carried on alumina. Preferably, the transition metal (M) is one of Ni, Cu, Pd, and Pt. Typically, the generated transition metal (M) nanoparticles have a size of a diameter of 5 to 15 nm.

Abstract: Processes for preparing an amine, which processes comprise: reacting a reactant selected from the group consisting of primary alcohols, secondary alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, and mixtures thereof, with hydrogen and a nitrogen compound selected from the group consisting of ammonia, primary amines, secondary amines and mixtures thereof, in the presence of a zirconium dioxide-, copper- and nickel-containing catalyst; wherein the catalyst comprises a catalytically active composition which comprises, before reduction with hydrogen, oxygen compounds of zirconium, copper, and nickel, and 0.2 to 40% by weight of an oxygen compound of cobalt, calculated as CoO, 0.1 to 5% by weight of an oxygen compound of iron, calculated as Fe2O3, and 0.1 to 5% by weight of at least one oxygen compound of lead, tin, bismuth or antimony, calculated as PbO, SnO, Bi2O3 and Sb2O3 respectively.

Abstract: Disclosed are: a catalyst which is capable of reducing and converting nitrate ions into ammonia without adding a hydrogen gas thereto; a method for synthesizing ammonia using the catalyst, wherein nitrate ions are reduced without adding a hydrogen gas thereto; and a method for decreasing nitrogen oxide in water by reducing nitrate ions contained in the water. Disclosed is a photocatalyst composition that is obtained by loading a photocatalyst, which is capable of photoreducing protons into a hydrogen gas, with CuPd alloy nanoparticles. The photocatalyst composition is used for the purpose of producing ammonia by photoreducing nitrogen that is coexistent with water and nitrogen oxide. The CuPd alloy nanoparticles are (1) CuPd alloy nanoparticles having a B2 type crystal structure and represented by CuxPd(1-x) (wherein 0.3<x<0.7), (2) CuPd alloy nanoparticles having a bcc type crystal structure and represented by CuxPd(1-x) (wherein 0.3<x<0.

Abstract: A nano-particle comprising: an interior region comprising a mixed-metal oxide; and an exterior surface comprising a pure metal. In some embodiments, the mixed-metal oxide comprises aluminum oxide and a metallic pinning agent, such as palladium, copper, molybdenum, or cobalt. In some embodiments, the pure metal at the exterior surface is the same as the metallic pinning agent in the mixed-metal oxide in the interior region. In some embodiments, a catalytic nano-particle is bonded to the pure metal at the exterior surface. In some embodiments, the interior region and the exterior surface are formed using a plasma gun. In some embodiments, the interior region and the exterior surface are formed using a wet chemistry process. In some embodiments, the catalytic nano-particle is bonded to the pure metal using a plasma gun. In some embodiments, the catalytic nano-particle is bonded to the pure metal using a wet chemistry process.

Abstract: A regenerable sorbent for the removal of acid gas from a fluid stream. The regenerable sorbent is made from raw materials such as iron mineral, expansive clay and starch. Acid gas is removed from the fluid stream by a process where the raw materials are obtained, crushed, sifted, possibly pelletized, calcined and contacted with the fluid stream containing the acid gas.

Abstract: A particulate desulfurization material includes one or more nickel compounds, a zinc oxide support material, and one or more alkali metal compounds wherein the nickel content of the material is in the range 0.3 to 10% by weight and the alkali metal content of the material is in the range 0.2 to 10% by weight. A method of making the desulfurization material includes the steps: (i) contacting a nickel compound with a particulate zinc support material and an alkali metal compound to form an alkali-doped composition, (ii) shaping the alkali-doped composition, and (iii) drying, calcining, and optionally reducing the resulting material. The desulfurization material may be used to desulfurize hydrocarbon gas streams with reduced levels of hydrocarbon hydrogenolysis.

Abstract: An electrode catalyst for a fuel cell, a method of preparing the same, and a membrane electrode assembly and a fuel cell including the same. The electrode catalyst includes a catalyst particle that incorporates a plurality of palladium atoms, a plurality of atoms of a transition metal, and a plurality of atoms of a precious metal having a higher standard reduction potential than the transition metal, where all of the plurality of atoms of the transition metal are respectively surrounded by at least one of the palladium atoms, the neighboring atoms of the transition metal, or the atoms of the precious metal.

Abstract: A device, system, and method, for the formation of advanced oxidation products by contacting a hydrated catalytic surface of a catalytic target structure with broad spectrum ultraviolet light in the 100 nm to 300 nm range that preferably includes 185 nm and 254 nm wavelengths. The catalytic surface reacts with the ultraviolet light energy and hydrate at the catalytic surface to form advanced oxidation products. The catalytic surface in one embodiment includes a hydrophilic agent, titanium dioxide, silver, copper, and rhodium. Preferably, the catalytic surface is coated with a coating that includes the hydrophilic agent, titanium dioxide, silver, copper, and rhodium. A photohydroionization cell (100) that includes an ultraviolet light source (204) and a catalytic target structure (110) in an air environment to form advanced oxidation product is also provided. A U.V. light indicator and a monitor and/or control system for the photohydroionization cell (100) are also provided.

Abstract: A layered electrocatalyst for oxidizing ammonia, ethanol, or combinations thereof, comprising: a carbon support integrated with a conductive metal; at least one first metal plating layer at least partially deposited on the carbon support, wherein the at least one first metal plating layer is active to OH adsorption and inactive to a target species, and wherein the at least one first metal plating layer has a thickness ranging from 10 nanometers to 10 microns; and at least one second metal plating layer at least partially deposited on the at least one first metal plating layer, wherein the at least one second metal plating layer is active to the target species, and wherein the at least one second metal plating layer has a thickness ranging from 10 nanometers to 10 microns, forming a layered electrocatalyst.

Abstract: Low temperature activity of a vanadium-free selective catalytic reduction catalyst is provided by a mixed metal oxide support containing oxides of titanium and zirconium, the support having a promoter deposited on the surface of the mixed metal oxide support, and further having an active catalyst component deposited over the promoter on the mixed metal oxide support surface. Suitable promoters include oxides of silicon, boron, aluminum, cerium, iron, chromium, cobalt, nickel, copper, tin, silver, niobium, lanthanum, titanium, and combinations thereof. Suitable active catalyst components include oxides of manganese, iron and cerium.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of forming a hybrid Fischer-Tropsch catalyst extrudate for use in synthesis gas conversion reactions. The method includes extruding a mixture of ruthenium loaded metal oxide support particles, particles of an acidic component and a binder sol to form an extrudate. The resulting extrudate contains from about 0.1 to about 15 weight percent ruthenium based on the weight of the extrudate. In a synthesis gas conversion reaction, the extrudate is contacted with a synthesis gas having a H2 to CO molar ratio of 0.5 to 3.0 at a reaction temperature of 160° C. to 300° C., a total pressure of 3 to 35 atmospheres, and an hourly space velocity of 5 to 10,000 v/v/hour, resulting in hydrocarbon products containing 1-15 weight % CH4; 1-15 weight % C2-C4; 70-95 weight % C5+; 0-5 weight % C21+ normal paraffins; and 0-10 weight % aromatic hydrocarbons.

Abstract: The present invention relates to petrochemistry and gas chemistry, and discloses a support for catalysis of exothermic processes, particularly the Fischer-Tropsch process, methanol synthesis, hydrogenation and purification of exhaust gases. The support comprises metallic aluminium in the form of a mixture of dispersed powders of flaky and spherical aluminium and the support is in the form of pellets, preferably cylinders, tablets, balls, obtained by extrusion, pelletization, tabletting, rounding or liquid molding. The catalyst prepared on the support comprises an active metal selected from the group consisting of Co, Fe, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pt, Pd, Cu and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A process for the treatment of an olefinic fraction, using a catalyst prepared by a process comprising: a) The preparation of a colloidal oxide suspension of a first metal M1 by the neutralization of a basic solution by an acidic mineral solution that contains the precursor of the metal M1, b) Bringing into contact the precursor of the promoter M2, either directly in its crystallized form or after dissolution in aqueous phase, with the colloidal suspension that is obtained in stage a), c) Bringing into contact the colloidal suspension that is obtained in stage b) with the substrate, d) Drying at a temperature of between 30° C. and 200° C., under a flow of air.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of the present invention relate to the processing of hydrocarbon-containing feedstreams in the presence of an active catalyst component comprising a surface, and a metal oxide film coated on the surface of the active catalyst component. The catalysts and processes of the present invention can improve overall hydrogenation, product conversion, as well as improved resistance to catalytic deactivation due to sulfur and nitrogen compounds present in the hydrocarbon feedstreams.

Abstract: A catalyst comprising: (a) a first layer comprising an oxidizing catalyst having an effective PGM loading such that oxidation of hydrocarbons generates sufficient heat to regenerate soot, wherein said effective amount of PGM is greater than about 10 g/ft3; and (b) a second layer adjacent to said first layer and comprising a reducing catalyst to selectively reduce NOx.

Abstract: A core-shell catalyst material can include a core and a shell material. Each of the core material and the shell material can have crystal structures and lattice parameters which allow for a substantially coherent core-shell interface. The shell material can include a catalytically active metal. The circumferential stress of the shell material, ???, at the core-shell interface and at the shell surface, is greater than 0 (tensile) or can be compressive of a lower magnitude than a catalyst made of the shell material alone. The crystal structures of the core material can often be the same as the shell material, although this is not always required.

Abstract: An oxidation process employing a mechanically stable catalyst of an active metal or combination of active metals supported on aluminum oxide, which is predominantly alpha-aluminum oxide, is provided. The active metal or metals is optionally one or a mixture of ruthenium, copper, gold, an alkaline earth metal, an alkali metal, palladium, platinum, osmium, iridium, silver, and rhenium. The process is applicable to the oxidation of hydrogen chloride to chlorine in a Deacon process.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purifying catalyst includes: a support that contains at least one element that is selected from the first group that consists of Al, Zr and Ce, at least one element that is selected from the second group that consists of Ag, Mn, Co, Cu and Fe, and Ti; and particles that are composed of a metal or oxide of at least one element that is selected from the third group that consists of Ag, Mn, Co, Cu and Fe and that are deposited on the support. Seventy percent or more of any plurality of measurement points with a diameter of 2 nm on a surface of the support are composed of a composite part that has the at least one element selected from the second group content of 0.5 to 10 mol % and has a Ti content of 0.3 mol % or greater.

Abstract: A support of metal oxyfluoride or metal halide for a metal-based hydrogenation catalyst useful in hydrogenating fluoroolefins is provided.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for the preparation of a hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst material, in the form of a hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst precursor and/or catalyst, preferably, a Fischer Tropsch synthesis catalyst precursor and/or catalyst. The invention also extends to the use of a catalyst precursor and/or catalyst prepared by the method according to the invention in a hydrocarbon synthesis process, preferably, a Fischer Tropsch synthesis process. According to this invention, a method for the preparation of a hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst material includes the steps of treating Fe(II) carboxylate in solution with an oxidising agent to convert it to Fe(III) carboxylate in solution under conditions which ensure that such oxidation does not take place simultaneously with any dissolution of Fe(0); and hydrolysing the Fe(III) carboxylate solution resulting from step (iii) and precipitating one or more Fe(III) hydrolysis products.

Abstract: A dehydrogenation catalyst is described that comprises an iron oxide, an alkali metal or compound thereof, and rhenium or a compound thereof. A process for preparing a dehydrogenation catalyst comprising preparing a mixture of iron oxide, an alkali metal or compound thereof, and rhenium or a compound thereof is also described. Additionally, a dehydrogenation process using the catalyst and a process for preparing polymers are described.

Abstract: A method of producing an iron catalyst for catalyzing the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide is disclosed. The method comprises using a reduced amount of acid for iron dissolution compared to certain previous methods. The resulting acidic iron mixture is heated without boiling to obtain a nitrate solution having a Fe2+:Fe3+ ratio in the range of about 0.01%:99.99% to about 100%:0% (wt:wt). Iron phases are precipitated at a lower temperature compared to certain previous methods. The recovered catalyst precursor is dried and sized to form particles having a size distribution between 10 microns and 100 microns. In embodiments, the Fe2+:Fe3+ ratio in the nitric acid solution may be in the range of from about 3%:97% to about 30%:70% (wt:wt) and the calcined catalyst may comprise a maghemite:hematite ratio of about 1%:99% to about 70%:30%.

Abstract: A catalyst composition for facilitating the oxidation of soot from diesel engine exhaust is provided. The catalyst composition includes a catalytic metal selected from Pt, Pd, Pt—Pd, Ag, or combinations thereof, an active metal oxide component containing Cu and La, and a support selected from alumina, silica, zirconia, or combinations thereof. The platinum group metal loading of the composition is less than about 20 g/ft3. The catalyst composition may be provided on a diesel particulate filter by impregnating the filter with an alumina, silica or zirconia sol solution modified with glycerol and/or saccharose, impregnating the filter with a stabilizing solution, and impregnating the filter with a solution containing the active metal oxide precursor(s) and the catalytic metal precursor(s). The resulting catalyst coated diesel particulate filter provides effective soot oxidation, exhibits good thermal stability, has a high BET surface area, and exhibits minimal backpressure.

Abstract: A polymetallic nanoparticle alloy having enhanced catalytic properties including at least one noble metal and at least one base metal, where the noble metal is preferentially dispersed near the surface of the nanoparticle and the base metal modifies the electronic properties of the surface disposed noble metal. The polymetallic nanoparticles having application as a catalyst when dispersed on a carbon substrate and in particular applications in a fuel cell. In various embodiments a bimetallic noble metal-base metal nanoparticle alloy may be used as an electrocatalyst offering enhanced ORR activity compared to the monometallic electrocatalyst of noble metal.

Abstract: A pyrochlore-type oxide represented by a general formula A2B2O7-Z is prepared by precipitate formation, where A and B each represent a metal element, where Z represents a number of at least 0 and at most 1, where A contains at least one element selected from a group consisting of Pb, Sn, and Zn, and where B contains at least one element selected from a group consisting of Ru, W, Mo, Ir, Rh, Mn, Cr, and Re. Impurities are then sufficiently removed through washing and drying processes, and the pyrochlore-type oxide is calcined under controlled conditions. This allows the crystallinity of the pyrochlore-type oxide, which contained amorphous parts immediately after the production of the precipitate, to be increased so that the resistance to acid can be improved while preventing particle aggregation.

Abstract: A platinum alloy catalyst PtXY, wherein X is nickel, cobalt, chromium, copper, titanium or manganese and Y is tantalum or niobium, characterised in that in the alloy the atomic percentage of platinum is 46-75 at %, of X is 1-49 at % and of Y is 1-35 at %; provided that the alloy is not 66 at % Pt20 at % Cr14 at % Ta or 50 at % Pt, 25 at % Co, 25 at % Ta is disclosed. The catalyst has particular use as an oxygen reduction catalyst in fuel cells, and in particular in phosphoric acid fuel cells.

Abstract: A catalytically active composition comprising, prior to reduction with hydrogen: 10 to 75% by weight of an oxygen compound of zirconium, calculated as ZrO2; 1 to 30% by weight of an oxygen compound of copper, calculated as CuO; 10 to 50% by weight of an oxygen compound of nickel, calculated as NiO; 10 to 50% by weight of an oxygen compound of cobalt, calculated as CoO; and 0.1 to 10% by weight of one or more oxygen compounds of one or more metals selected from the group consisting of Pb, Bi, Sn, Sb and In, calculated as PbO, Bi2O3, SnO, Sb2O3 or In2O3, respectively.

Abstract: The present invention provides a catalyst precursor substance containing copper, zinc, and aluminum and exhibiting an X-ray diffraction pattern having a broad peak at a specific interplanar spacing d (?). The present invention also provides a method for producing the catalyst precursor substance by mixing a solution containing a copper salt, a zinc salt, and an aluminum salt with a solution containing an alkali metal hydroxide or an alkaline earth metal hydroxide, thereby forming a precipitate. In the present invention, a catalyst is prepared through calcining of the catalyst precursor; the catalyst is employed for water gas shift reaction; and carbon monoxide conversion is carried out by use of the catalyst.