Abstract: Catalysts containing passivated copper and zinc oxide and/or alumina are prepared by

Abstract: A process to produce a sorbent composition is provided. This process comprises: (a) contacting a zinc component, an alumina component, and a dispersant component, to form a mixture; and then (b) spray drying said mixture to form particles; and then (c) contacting said particles with a zinc compound, wherein said zinc compound is zinc oxide, or it is a compound convertible to zinc oxide, to form a sorbent composition. A process to produce a particulate composition that comprises zinc aluminate is provided. This comprises: (a) contacting a zinc component, an alumina component, and a dispersant component, to form a mixture; and then (b) spray drying said mixture to form said particulate composition.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification device includes a porous body of catalytic material of the general formula AaBbO4 disposed in an exhaust gas stream of an engine. The porous body of catalytic material has a characteristic response temperature above which it is catalytically active to reduce pollutants in the presence of a reducing agent. The porous body stores at least 20% by volume hydrocarbons at temperatures below the response temperature. A represent at least one element selected from Mg, Ca, Mn, Fe, Ni, Co, Cu, Zn, Sn, Ti and A+B is less than 3, A is greater than 0 and B greater than 0.

Abstract: A storage catalyst includes (1) a component that has a catalytic reducing action for nitrogen oxides at least in the presence of hydrocarbons, and (2) a component that stores NOx at least at temperatures of below 100° C. The catalytically active component is of the general chemical formula AaBbO4, where A is one or more divalent metals and B is one or more trivalent metals, and where a+b≦3 and a, b>0. The reaction enthalpy or the chemical activity between the catalytically active component and the NOx-storing component is low at least up to temperatures of 600° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing compositions containing a biocidal compound or adsorbent and/or catalyst compound and the compositions thereof. The invention also relates to a method for reducing or eliminating the amount of a bioactive agent or contaminant from an environment by contacting the environment with the composition of for a sufficient time to reduce or eliminate the amount of the bioactive agent or contaminant in the environment.

Abstract: A photocatalytic titanium dioxide powder comprised of finely divided titanium dioxide particles each having supported on the surface thereof a first supported layer of a calcium compound and further having on the surface of the first supported layer-formed particles a porous second supported layer of a photocatalytically inactive and substantially water-insoluble substance. The photocatalytic titanium dioxide powder is produced by allowing a calcium compound to be supported on the surface of finely divided titanium dioxide particles to form the first supported layer; and then, allowing a precursor material capable of forming the photocatalytically inactive and substantially water-insoluble substance to be supported on the surface of the first supported layer-formed particles, followed by converting the precursor a material to said water-insoluble substance to thereby form the porous second supported layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of producing a CuZnAlZr oxide catalyst consisting of reacting an aqueous NaOH solution and aqueous NACO3 solution with a mixture of aqueous solutions of each nitrate of Cu, Zn, Al, and Zr, producing a precipitate by coprecipitation, aging, filtering, washing and drying this precipitate to prepare a catalyst precursor consisting of a CuZnAlZr layered double hydroxide, and then obtaining a CuZnAlZr oxide by calcining this precursor in an air ambient atmosphere, a CuZnAlZr oxide catalyst, a CuZnZrCe oxide catalyst, a CoCuZnAl oxide catalyst for producing hydrogen by oxidative steam reforming of methanol, and methods of producing hydrogen gas consisting of converting methanol to hydrogen gas by oxidative steam reforming in the presence of air and steam using these oxide catalysts.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for producing an enhanced adsorbent particle comprising contacting a non-amorphous, non-ceramic, crystalline, porous, calcined, aluminum oxide particle that was produced by calcining at a particle temperature of from 300° C. to 700° C., with an acid for a sufficient time to increase the adsorbent properties of the particle. A process for producing an enhanced adsorbent particle comprising contacting a non-ceramic, porous, oxide adsorbent particle with an acid for a sufficient time to increase the adsorbent properties of the particle is also disclosed. Particles made by the process of the instant invention and particle uses, such as remediation of waste streams, are also provided. The invention also relates to a method for producing an adsorbent and/or catalyst and binder system. The invention also relates to particles made by the process, binders, and methods for remediating contaminants in a stream.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing an adsorbent and/or catalyst and binder system comprising I) mixing components comprising (a) a binder comprising a colloidal metal oxide or colloidal metalloid oxide, (b) an oxide adsorbent and/or catalyst particle, and (c) an acid, (ii) removing a sufficient amount of water from the mixture to cross-link components a and b to form an adsorbent and/or catalyst and binder system. The invention also relates to particles made by the process, binders, and methods for remediating contaminants in a stream.

Abstract: In a formulation comprising titanium dioxide as a photocatalyst and an amphoteric metal oxide (alumina or the like) or a basic metal oxide (barium oxide, strontium oxide or the like) as a material having a base point, when a nitrogen oxide (nitrogen monoxide) comes into contact with or approaches titanium dioxide, upon exposed to light, the carbon monoxide is oxidized to nitrogen dioxide (gas) by hydroxy radicals as an active oxygen species produced by titanium dioxide. As is apparent from the molecular structure, nitrogen dioxide is an acidic gas, alumina is an amphoteric metal oxide, and barium oxide and strontium oxide are a basic metal oxide. The oxygen atom thereof serves as a base point to an acid gas. Therefore, nitrogen dioxide is attracted and chemically bonded to the oxygen atom, held on the metal oxide, and kept close to titanium dioxide as the photocatalyst.

Abstract: A catalyst comprising at least one alkali metal and at least one metallic or semimetallic promoter selected from the group consisting of Ca, Sr, Ba, Ag, Au, Zn, Cd, Hg, In, Tl, Sn, As, Sb and Bi, on a support which may be doped with one or more compounds of an alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal, where the alkali metal/support ratio by weight is from 0.01 to 5, the promoter/alkali metal ratio by weight is from 0.0001 to 5 and, when a dopant is present, the dopant/support ratio by weight is from 0.01 to 5.

Abstract: This invention relates to the process of preparing from carbon dioxide a mixture of dimethyl ether and methanol which are useful as clean fuel or raw materials in the chemical industry. More particularly, this invention relates to the process of preparing dimethyl ether and methanol in high yield without by-products such as hydrocarbons by means of chemical conversion of carbon dioxide, which is a major pollutant of the global environment, in the presence of a mixture of catalysts comprising Cu/ZnO-based catalyst and Y-type zeolite catalyst having a strong acidity with the pKa value of −6.0-−3.0.

Abstract: A catalyst composition for oxidative dehydrogenation of paraffinic hydrocarbons and other compounds having at least two adjacent carbon atoms each having at least one hydrogen atom. The catalyst composition is represented by the formula AaBbSbcVdAleOx wherein A is an alkali or alkaline earth metal; B is one or more optional elements selected from zinc, cadmium, lead, nickel, cobalt, iron, chromium, bismuth, gallium, niobium, tin and neodymium; a is 0 to 0.3, b is 0 to 5, c is 0.5 to 10, d is 1, e is 3 to 10, 7≦a+b+c+d+e≦25, and x is determined by the valence requirements of the elements present. A process for the oxidative dehydrogenation of paraffins using the catalyst composition.

Abstract: A process for producing zinc oxide fine particles comprising heating a mixture comprising a zinc source, a carboxyl-containing compound, and an alcohol; a process for producing zinc oxide-polymer composite particles, which comprises heating a mixture comprising a zinc source, a carboxyl-containing compound, a polymer, and an alcohol at a temperature of 100° C. or higher; a process for producing inorganic compound particles having on their surface a cluster of thin plate like zinc oxide crystals with their tip projecting outward, which comprises heating a mixture comprising a zinc source, a carboxyl-containing compound, lactic acid or a compound thereof, and an alcohol at a temperature of 100° C.

Abstract: NO.sub.x, where x is 1 and 2, in exhaust gases is reduced over heterogeneous catalysts with hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, hydrogen or mixtures thereof in the presence of oxygen from 100 to 650.degree. C. and an absolute pressure of from 0.5 to 50 bar by a process in which the heterogeneous catalysts used are bimodal or polymodal compounds of the general formula IA.sub.1-x M.sub.2 O.sub.4 (I),which, if required, are doped with rare earth metals, noble metal, titanium, vanadium, molybdenum, tungsten or mixtures thereof, and whereA is magnesium, calcium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, tin or mixtures thereof,M is aluminum, gallium, indium, tin, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc or mixtures thereof andx is from 0 to 0.

Abstract: A process for the catalytic reduction of NO.sub.x, the reduction taking place in the presence of a catalyst which comprises(a) from 20 to 97 wt % of A.sub.2 O.sub.3,(b) from 1 to 40 wt % of CuO,(c) from 1 to 50 wt % of ZnO,(d) from 1 to 40 wt % of Ag,(e) from 0 to 2 wt % of Pt,(f) from 0 to 20 wt % of oxides of rare earth metals, elements of the 3rd subgroup of the Periodic Table of the Elements or mixtures thereof,based on the total weight of the components (a) to (e), which adds up to 100 wt %, wherein, in each case, up to half the weight of the component (a) may be replaced by Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3, Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3, Ga.sub.2 O.sub.3 or mixtures thereof, of the component (b) by CoO, of the component (c) by MgO, of the component (d) by Au and of the component (e) by Pd, Ru, Os, Ir, Rh, Re or mixtures thereof, is used for reducing NO.sub.x, especially in combustion off-gases, the components (a), (b) and (c) forming a spinel which is doped with the components (d), (e) and (f).

Abstract: A process for decomposing nitrogen fluoride, comprising contacting gaseous nitrogen fluoride with a solid reactive agent for decomposition at 200.degree. C. or more to fix the fluorine component in the nitrogen fluoride to the reactive agent and at the same time control generation of nitrogen oxides, fluorocarbon and carbon monoxide as by-products, the reactive agent containing elemental carbon; aluminum compound, iron compound, manganese compound and/or alkaline earth metal; alkali metal compound; and nickel compound, tin compound and/or copper compound.

Abstract: A catalyst for methanol synthesis and reforming which is constituted of copper, zinc, and aluminum oxides and has a structure comprising copper or copper oxide particles covered with a film of aluminum oxide and zinc oxide. The copper or copper oxide particles preferably have a particle size of 1 to 100 nm. The film of aluminum oxide and zinc oxide preferably has a thickness of 0.1 to 100 nm. The proportions of the copper, zinc, and aluminum elements are 68.0 to 86.0% by weight, 4.5 to 21.0% by weight, and 2.0 to 20.0% by weight, respectively. The foregoing highly active catalyst comprising copper, zinc, and aluminum oxides can be obtained not by a costly special technique but by the coprecipitation method, which is the most common process for catalyst production, without using any additive element.

Abstract: The present invention provides a methanol reforming catalyst having the following general formula on a dry basis:X.sub.a Y.sub.b Z.sub.c O.sub.d, whereinX is a metal selected from the group consisting of zinc, cadmium, mercury, rubidium, cesium, silver, and combinations thereof, Y is a metal selected from the group consisting of beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, and combinations thereof, Z is a material selected from the group consisting of boron, silicon, aluminum, silicoaluminate, zirconium, titanium, hafnium, gallium, lanthanum, scandium, and yttrium, and combinations thereof, and O is the element of oxygen. The claimed methanol reforming catalyst contains neither copper oxide nor chromium oxide.

Abstract: In a process for steam-reforming methanol, in which methanol and water are reacted at a catalyst with formation of hydrogen, the catalyst used can be prepared by(a) precipitating a solution of zinc salts and aluminum salts, the atomic ratio of Zn:Al being from 3:1 to 1:3, with an alkali metal carbonate solution or alkali metal hydroxide solution at a pH in the range from 5 to 12 and at from 20 to 100.degree. C.,(b) separating off and washing the precipitate to remove alkali metal ions,(c) drying the precipitate,(d) calcining the precipitate at from 250 to 800.degree. C. to give a mixed oxide,(e) dispersing the mixed oxide in an acidic solution of copper salts and zinc salts, the atomic ratio of Cu:Zn being from 1:5 to 20:1 in the solution,(f) precipitating the dispersion with an alkali metal carbonate solution or alkali metal hydroxide solution at a pH in the range from 6 to 9 and at from 20 to 100.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a copper-based catalyst with high activity and a long catalyst life and to a method of producing the catalyst. This catalyst essentially comprises copper oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, and silicon oxide and optionally containing zirconium oxide, gallium oxide, and palladium oxide, wherein with the total weight of the catalyst being taken as 100%, the above oxides account for, in the order mentioned, 20-60 weight %, 10-50 weight %, 2-10 weight %, 0.3-0.9 weight %, 0-40 weight %, 0-10 weight %, and 0-10 weight %, respectively, and the silicon oxide mentioned above has been derived from colloidal silica or dissolved silica in water, which catalyst has been subjected to calcination at 480-690.degree. C.

Abstract: A catalyst for the conversion of carbon oxide comprising 30 to 70% CuO, 20 to 90% ZnO, 0.1 to 20% of an element of Group IV-B in the form of an oxide, preferably titanium and/or zirconium, most preferably titanium, about 5 to about 40 percent Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and preferably 50 to 1000 ppm of a Group 1-A element in the form of an oxide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing an adsorbent and/or catalyst and binder system comprising I) mixing components comprising (a) a binder comprising a colloidal metal oxide or colloidal metalloid oxide, (b) an oxide adsorbent and/or catalyst particle, and (c) an acid, (ii) removing a sufficient amount of water from the mixture to cross-link components a and b to form an adsorbent and/or catalyst and binder system. The invention also relates to particles made by the process, binders, and methods for remediating contaminants in a stream.

Abstract: Stabilization of a reduced copper catalyst by a) passivating the catalyst by passing a gas stream that is free of reducing gases and which contains 0.05 to 0.5% by volume of oxygen and an amount of carbon dioxide at least twice the amount of oxygen through a bed of the catalyst until the catalyst is passivated, the proportion of oxygen in said gas stream and the temperature at which it is fed to the bed being such that the temperature of the catalyst does not rise to above 100.degree. C. during said passivation step, and then b) increasing the oxygen content of the gas passing through the bed until the oxygen partial pressure corresponds to that of air at atmospheric pressure. The process may be applied to the stabilization of fresh reduced catalysts or to the stabilization of used, e.g. spent catalysts, before discharge thereof from a reactor.

Abstract: A nitrogen oxide absorbing material, comprising a hollandite-type complex oxide having main metal elements comprising minimally of aluminum and tin, or zinc and tin, and a method of using that nitrogen oxide absorbing material comprising the steps of contacting the nitrogen oxide absorbing material with a gas containing nitrogen oxides. The method of reducing the adsorbed nitrogen oxides on the nitrogen oxide absorbing material includes the steps of releasing the nitrogen oxides from the nitrogen oxide absorbing material, and of reducing the released nitrogen oxides with a three way catalyst or other nitrogen oxide reducing catalysts.

Abstract: A porous lithium aluminate carrier for catalyst has a spinel structure which has a mean pore diameter in the range of 40 to 1,000 angstroms and a total pore volume in the range of 0.2 to 1.5 mL/g. The porous lithium aluminate carrier can be used for supporting a catalyst compound containing a platinum group metal. The catalyst on the carrier can be favorably employed for promoting catalytic reaction of a nitrite ester and carbon monoxide to prepare a carbonate diester such as dimethyl carbonate.

Abstract: A non-selective high temperature resistant oxidation catalyst and a process for the preparation of this catalyst is described. The catalyst mainly has the formula A.sub.1-x B.sub.y C.sub.z Al.sub.12-y-z O.sub.19-.delta., where A represents at least one element selected from the group formed by barium, strontium and the rare earths; B represents at least one element with valency Y selected from the group formed by Mn, Co and Fe; C represents at least one element selected from the group formed by Mg and Zn; x has a value of 0 to 0.25, y has a value of 0.5 to 3 and z has a value of 0.01 to 3; the sum y+z has a maximum value of 4 and .delta. has a value which is determined as a function of the respective valencies X and Y of elements A and B and the value of x, y and z and is equal to 1-1/2{(1-x)X+yY-3y-z}. The catalysts of the invention are particularly for use in processes for the catalytic combustion of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, hydrogen or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The surface area of a zinc oxide composition is increased, and stabilized to heating, by incorporation of a tri or tetravalent metal especially aluminium or gallium, e.g. in the form of a spinel with the zinc oxide. The composition is preferably made by coprecipitation of zinc and a compound of said metal and then calcination. The zinc oxide composition may also incorporate a Group VIII metal and be used as a catalyst for a Fischer Tropsch process.

Abstract: Catalysts of the formula I?A.sub.a B.sub.b O.sub.x !.sub.p ?C.sub.c D.sub.d Fe.sub.e Co.sub.f E.sub.i F.sub.j O.sub.y !.sub.q I,whereA is bismuth, tellurium, antimony, tin and/or copper,B is molybdenum and/or tungsten,C is an alkali metal, thallium and/or samarium,D is an alkaline earth metal, nickel, copper, cobalt, manganese, zinc, tin, cerium, chromium, cadmium, molybdenum, bismuth and/or mercury,E is phosphorus, arsenic, boron and/or antimony,F is a rare-earth metal, vanadium and/or uranium,a is from 0.01 to 8,b is from 0.1 to 30,c is from 0 to 4,d is from 0 to 20,e is from 0 to 20,f is from 0 to 20,i is from 0 to 6,j is from 0 to 15,x and y are numbers determined by the valency and frequency of the elements other than oxygen in I, and p and q are numbers whose ratio p/q is in the range from 0.001 to 0.

Abstract: A catalyst composition for a catalyst that reduces the emissions of sulfur compounds from industrial processes is disclosed. This catalyst is a spheroidal particle comprised of a mixture of inorganic oxides with an inorganic binder, an organic binder, or a mixture of these binders. The preferred embodiment is a particle containing zinc titanate. Also disclosed is the catalysts application in both fluid bed and ebullating bed processes such as petroleum refinery fluid catalytic cracking units and utility company coal gasification units. Additionally there is disclosed processes for preparing this catalyst using spray drying techniques and beading and tumbling techniques.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing methanol is herein disclosed which comprises the step of reacting hydrogen with carbon monoxide and/or carbon dioxide in the presence of a synthetic catalyst obtainable by mixing, in a slurry state, (a) a beforehand prepared precipitation slurry of copper and zinc, with (b) an alumina precursor separately prepared from a water-soluble aluminum salt and a basic precipitant, to obtain a composition containing copper, zinc and aluminum, and washing, drying and then calcining the composition. A process for manufacturing the above-mentioned catalyst is also disclosed. According to the present invention, methanol can extremely efficiently be manufactured, and the catalyst having a high activity and an excellent heat resistance can also be manufactured.

Abstract: A catalyst and a process for producing the catalyst are provided. For the catalytic reduction of NO.sub.x and for the oxidation of hydrocarbons, the catalyst contains a spinel containing the metals copper, zinc and aluminum.

Abstract: A process to produce a sorbent composition is provided. This process comprises: (a) contacting a zinc component, an alumina component, and a dispersant component, to form a mixture; and then (b) spray drying said mixture to form particles; and then (c) contacting said particles with a zinc compound, wherein said zinc compound is zinc oxide, or it is a compound convertible to zinc oxide, to form a sorbent composition.

Abstract: The invention provides for a method of making isoalcohols using syngas-to-alcohol catalyst and method of making it. The catalyst is a highly dispersed, alkali promoted, La stabilized, microcrystalline Cu.sub.2 O having a particle size of .ltoreq.6 nm in the presence of an alumina structural promoter, wherein on a mole % alkali free metals-only basis Cu is present in from 45 to 55%, Zn from 10 to 20%, Al from 10 to 25%, La from 5 to 15%, and wherein the alkali is from 0.01 to 0.91% K and from 3 to 6.5% Cs. The method of making it involves coprecipitation at a constant pH from a solution of soluble metal salts of copper, zinc, lanthanum and aluminum with an alkali hydroxide, washing the coprecipitate in the essential absence of CO.sub.2, drying and calcining it, then contacting it with K and Cs to form the promoted catalyst. The promoted catalyst is dried and recalcining to produce a catalyst precursor with highly dispersed CuO crystallites. The catalyst is activated in flowing hydrogen.

Abstract: A catalyst for hydroprocessing is described, which comprises a carrier having supported thereon a group VI metal and/or a group VIII metal of the periodic table, in which the carrier comprises an inorganic refractory substance selected from the group consisting of alumina alone and alumina containing at least one of silica, magnesia, and calcium oxide, Y type zeolite having a unit lattice constant of 2.425 to 2.445 nm, zinc oxide, and, if desired, a boron compound, which catalyst exhibits improved cracking and desulfurization activities and has a long life.

Abstract: A method is provided for improving the catalytic activity of an alcohol synthesis catalyst. In this method, the catalyst, after activation by exposure to a reducing atmosphere, is improved by contacting with a carbon dioxide-containing gas to convert the zinc oxide in the catalyst to zinc carbonate. This improvement step occurs in situ preferably in the same reactor as used for the synthesizing of the alcohol.

Abstract: Particular mixed vanadium/other metal catalysts, well suited for the desulfurization of gaseous effluents containing contaminating amounts of objectionable sulfur compounds, typically via the Claus reaction and notably in the presence of oxygen, comprise a support substrate, e.g., titanium dioxide, having an active catalytic phase deposited thereon, such active catalytic phase being constituted of an electroneutral solid solution having the average composition:A.sub.4.+-.y V.sub.2.+-.x O.sub.9in which A is a metal other than vanadium, e.g., magnesium, calcium or zinc, 0.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.2 and 0.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.0.5.

Abstract: The invention provides a catalyst, and a process for preparing the same, for the catalytic reduction of NO.sub.x and for the oxidation of hydrocarbons. The catalyst contains a copper oxide-zinc oxide-aluminum oxide spinel and a zeolitic support material.

Abstract: A catalyst composition comprising palladium, silver and a support material (preferably alumina) is contacted at a relatively low temperature (of up to about 60.degree. C.) with a liquid composition comprising an effective reducing agent (preferably an alkali metal borohydride, hydrazine, formaldehyde, formic acid, ascorbic acid, dextrose, aluminum powder). Preferably, at least one alkali metal compound (more preferably KOH, RbOH, CsOH, KF) is also present in the liquid composition. An improved process for selectively hydrogenating acetylene (to ethylene) employs this wet-reduced catalyst composition.

Abstract: A hydrogenation reaction catalyst precursor of the present invention comprises a catalyst carrier (A) and a metal oxide composition (B) carried on or mixed with the catalyst carrier (A) at a weight ratio of (B)/(A)=15/85 to 65/35; the catalyst carrier (A) comprising a carrier base material of silica, etc. and a coating of titanium oxide and/or titanium hydroxide, the metal oxide composition (B) comprising copper oxide, zinc oxide, and at least one oxide of a metal selected from the group consisting of an element of group IIa of the periodic table, an element of group IIIb of the table, a lanthanide element, and an actinide element at a weight ratio of 100/(0 to 25)/(0 to 25). A hydrogenation reaction catalyst with a high catalytic activity and a high reaction selectivity is obtained by reduction of the hydrogenation reaction catalyst precursor.

Abstract: A copper oxide/zinc oxide/aluminium oxide catalyst which contains, per 100 parts of copper oxide, 40 to 130 parts zinc oxide, 2 to 50 parts aluminium oxide, and 1 to 4 parts soium oxide. It has a total BET surface area of 50 to 100 m.sup.2 /g, and 75% to 95% of the total surface area is made up by pores having radii of 9 to 1000 nm, and 5% to 25% of the total surface area is made up by pores having radii of less than 9 nm. The catalyst is useful for hydrogenation of various organic compounds.

Abstract: In a process for preparing a dehydrogenation catalyst of the type in which a support comprising zinc aluminate is impregnated with at least one of platinum and tin from an impregnation solution, the improvement comprises simultaneously impregnating the support with the platinum and the tin by contacting the support with an impregnation solution which comprises, in solution, a tin compound, a platinum compound, and carboxylic acid. The thus prepared catalyst can be employed in the dehydrogenation of at least one alkane containing 2-8 carbon atoms per molecule in the presence of steam.

Abstract: A catalyst for catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxide using at least one reducing agent selected from the group consisting of a hydrocarbon and an oxygen-containing organic compound is described, which includes an oxide represented by formula (V):A.sup.5.sub.x B.sup.3.sub.3-x C.sup.4.sub.3 O.sub.7 (V)wherein A.sup.5 represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of La, Y, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, and Gd; B.sup.3 represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ba, Sr, Ca, Mg, Pb, Zn, and Ag; C.sup.4 represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mn, Co, Fe, Ni, Cr, Cu, V, Mo, W, Ti, Zr, Nb, Pd, Rh, Ru, and Pt; and x is a number of from 0 to 1, supported on a solid acid carrier.

Abstract: Particular mixed vanadium/other metal catalysts, well suited for the desulfurization of gaseous effluents containing contaminating amounts of objectionable sulfur compounds, typically via the Claus reaction and notably in the presence of oxygen, comprise a support substrate, e.g., titanium dioxide, having an active catalytic phase deposited thereon, such active catalytic phase being constituted of an electroneutral solid solution having the average composition:A.sub.4.+-.y V.sub.2.+-.x O.sub.9in which A is a metal other than vanadium, e.g., magnesium, calcium or zinc, 0.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.2 and 0.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.0.5.

Abstract: In a process for preparing a dehydrogenation catalyst of the type in which a support comprising zinc aluminate is impregnated with at least one of platinum and tin from an impregnation solution, the improvement comprises simultaneously impregnating the support with the platinum and the tin by contacting the support with an impregnation solution which comprises, in solution, a tin compound, a platinum compound, and a carboxylic acid. The thus prepared catalyst can be employed in the dehydrogenation of at least one alkane containing 2-8 carbon atoms per molecule in the presence of steam.

Abstract: Reticulated ceramic or metal substrate coated with cobalt compounds, noble metals or mixtures thereof, are superior catalysts for the oxidation of ammonia to produce nitric oxide.

Abstract: An unreduced catalyst which contains, per 100 parts by weight of CuO, 40 to 130 parts by weight of ZnO, 2 to 50 parts by weight of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and, optionally, 0.5 to 8 parts by weight of an oxide of Mn, Mo, V, Zr and/or an alkaline earth metal, and, also optionally, 2 to 80 parts by weight of a support. The catalyst has a total BET surface area of 80 to 175 m.sup.2 /g, 75% to 95% of the total BET surface area is formed by pores having a radius r.sub.p .ltoreq.15 nm. The invention further relates to a process for the production of the catalyst and its use for the hydrogenation of aldehydes.

Abstract: A bead having an exterior surface which is at least partially coated with a material that under illumination and in the presence of air is capable of accelerating the oxidation of organic compounds floating on water. The coated bead is water floatable and has an equivalent diameter of less than about 2 mm, preferably on the order of 10-30 microns. These coated beads can be used to accelerate under illumination oxidation of a floating oil film (e.g. from an oil spill) by dispersing the coated beads in the film and allowing them to be exposed to solar illumination and oxygen.

Abstract: An unsaturated halohydrocarbon such as vinylidene chloride is produced by the dehydrohalogenation of haloalkanes such as 1,1,1-trichloroethane or 1,1,2-trichloroethane, by contacting the haloalkane with a Group IA metal halide and a Group IIA or IIB metal oxide or metal hydroxide, together supported on a porous carrier material, under reaction conditions sufficient to form the corresponding unsaturated hydrocarbon and a Group IIA or IIB metal halide. The Group IIA or IIB metal oxide or metal hydroxide may be regenerated by contacting the Group IIA or IIB metal halide with an alkanol or water.

Abstract: A process for producing a hydrogenation reaction catalyst precursor is disclosed, including the steps of:(i) coating the outer surface of at least one of a first titanium oxide and a first titanium hydroxide having an outer surface area of at least 15 m.sup.2 /g with at least one of a second titanium oxide and a second titanium hydroxide formed by hydrolyzing at least one of a titanium alkoxide represented by Formula (I) and a titanium alkoxo acid represented by Formula (II) to prepare a catalyst carrier (A);Ti(OR).sub.4 (I)wherein R represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms or an aryl group,H.sub.2 [Ti(OR).sub.6 ] (II)wherein R has the same meaning as above;(ii) applying a metal oxide composition (B) onto the catalyst carrier (A) obtained in step (i), or mixing the metal oxide composition (B) with the catalyst carrier (A) to obtain a hydrogenation reaction catalyst precursor.