And Rare Earth Metal (sc, Y Or Lanthanide)containing Patents (Class 502/65)
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Patent number: 5358916Abstract: A catalyst for purifying exhaust gas, comprising a zeolite carrier having a mole ratio of SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 of from 20 to 200, and a compound oxide of copper and silicon supported on the carrier. The catalyst has high activity for elimination of nitrogen oxides (NO.sub.x) even in the presence of both oxygen and water vapor, and also has excellent durability at high temperatures. The catalyst is therefore effective in eliminating nitrogen oxides from exhaust gases from automobiles, boilers and the like.Type: GrantFiled: May 17, 1993Date of Patent: October 25, 1994Assignee: N.E. Chemcat CorporationInventors: Kazuhiko Shiokawa, Takashi Itoh
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Patent number: 5354720Abstract: A catalyst is described for reducing the quantity of nitrogen oxides in lean exhaust gas of motor vehicle engines. The catalyst contains, on a structure reinforcing body, a first catalytic coating of an aluminum oxide and/or cerium oxide of large surface area impregnated with a mixture of iridium and platinum as catalytically active noble metal components. A second catalytic coating including a zeolite of the mordenite type containing copper and/or iron is applied to the first coating layer.Type: GrantFiled: March 4, 1993Date of Patent: October 11, 1994Assignee: Degussa AktiengesellschaftInventors: Jurgen Leyrer, Egbert Lox, Bernd Engler
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Patent number: 5338715Abstract: A catalyst for exhaust gas purification having a crystalline silicate including an oxide of an alkali metal and/or hydrogen ion, aluminum oxide, an oxide of an alkaline earth metal, Ca, Mg, Sn, or Ba, an X-ray diffraction pattern described in Table 1 in the specification, and containing at least one metal from the group consisting of the elements in Groups Ib and VIII of the periodic table, rare earth elements, titanium, vanadium, chromium, antimony, zinc, and manganese. With the use of a crystalline silicate containing alkaline earth elements together with other metals or with a composite structure of catalyst, the separation of aluminum or other metals from the crystal lattices (dealuminization or demetallization) can be controlled, and heat and steam resistance may be achieved.Type: GrantFiled: July 9, 1992Date of Patent: August 16, 1994Assignee: Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Kozo Iida, Shigeru Nojima, Serizawa Satoru, Norihisa Kobayashi
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Patent number: 5326465Abstract: A process for producing LPG rich in propylene, butylenes and high octane number gasoline by catalytic conversion which comprises contacting the preheated hydrocarbon feedstock with a solid acidic catalyst which contains rare-earth-containing high silica zeolite having the structure of a pentasil (ZRP), rare-earth-Y zeolite (REY) and high silica Y zeolite in a riser or a fluidized bed reactor, at a temperature in the range of from about 480.degree. C. to about 550.degree. C., a pressure in the range of from about 130 KPa to about 350 KPa, a weight hourly space velocity in the range of 1 to 150 hr-1, a catalyst-to-oil ratio in the range of 4 to 15, and a steam-to-feedstock ratio in the range of 0.05 to 0.12:1 by weight.Type: GrantFiled: March 12, 1993Date of Patent: July 5, 1994Assignees: China Petro-Chemical Corporation, Research Institute of Petroleum ProcessingInventors: Huo Yongqing, Wang Zeyu, Wang Yamin, Lu Yukang
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Patent number: 5316991Abstract: A three-way catalyst system for efficiently converting the exhaust gas from a CNG-fueled engine when operated under lean conditions at a redox ratio of 0.02-0.9, the system comprising a first stage catalyst comprising a transition metal-containing zeolite; means for injecting a hydrocarbon into said exhaust gas prior to entry of said exhaust gas into said first stage catalyst, said hydrocarbon having a greater affinity than CH.sub.4 in its ability to react with NO; and a second stage catalyst for treating the effluent from said first stage catalyst and comprising a high surface area alumina impregnated with discontinuous La.sub.2 O.sub.3 and palladium.The invention also comprehends a method of treating exhaust gases from a lean-burn CNG-fueled engine, operating at a redox ratio of 0.02-0.Type: GrantFiled: November 8, 1991Date of Patent: May 31, 1994Assignee: Ford Motor CompanyInventors: Somasundaram Subramanian, Robert J. Kudla, Mohinder S. Chattha
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Patent number: 5306683Abstract: A zeolite based catalyst for activation and conversion of methane. A zeolite support includes a transition metal (Mo, Cr or W) sulfide disposed within the micropores of the zeolite. The catalyst allows activation and conversion of methane to C.sub.2 + hydrocarbons in a reducing atmosphere, thereby avoiding formation of oxides of carbon.Type: GrantFiled: May 1, 1992Date of Patent: April 26, 1994Assignee: ARCH Development CorporationInventors: Victor A. Maroni, Lennox E. Iton, James W. Pasterczyk, Markus Winterer, Theodore R. Krause
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Patent number: 5298153Abstract: An attrition resistant catalytic cracking catalyst is prepared by spray drying an aqueous slurry containing a molecular sieve having cracking activity, a clay such as kaolin, a silica sol and aluminum chlorhydroxide. The resultant catalyst has a high attrition resistance as compared to commercially available cracking catalysts.Type: GrantFiled: October 31, 1990Date of Patent: March 29, 1994Assignee: Union Oil Company of CaliforniaInventor: Julius Scherzer
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Patent number: 5288675Abstract: A composition comprising a coprecipitated magnesia-lanthana-alumina (MgO-La.sub.2 O.sub.3 -Al.sub.2 O.sub.3) wherein the MgO component is present as microcrystalline phase, having a BET (N.sub.2) surface area of at least 130 m.sup.2 /g, preferably combined with a catalytic oxidation and/or reducing promoter metal such as ceria, vanadia and/or titania.Type: GrantFiled: February 5, 1992Date of Patent: February 22, 1994Assignee: W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn.Inventor: Gwan Kim
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Patent number: 5286692Abstract: A mild hydrocracking catalyst contains amorphous matrix, zeolite, at least one metal compound selected from Group VIB and at least one metal compound selected from Group VIII. The catalyst is characterized in that the incorporated REUHP zeolite has dual pore distribution at <20 .ANG. and around 200 .ANG. and 3-10 percent by weight lanthanum, cerium, or mixed rare earth oxide. The amorphous matrix is .gamma.-Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 in which 80% total pore volume is contributed by pores having a diameter larger than 50 .ANG. and 60% total pore volume is contributed by pores having a diameter in the range of 50-100 .ANG.. A phosphorus promoter may be incorporated into the catalyst of this invention. The atom ratio of VIII/(VIII+VIB) in the catalyst is in the range of 0.2-0.8. The catalyst of this invention is especially suitable for one-stage once-through mild hydrocracking of heavy oil boiling above 350.degree. C. The tail oil boiling above 350.degree. C. is a high-quality feedstock for steam cracking.Type: GrantFiled: November 9, 1992Date of Patent: February 15, 1994Assignee: China Petro-Chemical CorporationInventors: Yan Zhao, Yuduo Hou, Quanzhu Peng, Jiduan Liu, Xiaogang Chen
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Patent number: 5254514Abstract: A crystalline zeolite SSZ-37 is prepared using a N,N-dimethyl-4-azoniatricyclo [5.2.2.0.sup.(2,6) ] undec-8-ene cation as a template wherein said zeolite is used in hydrocarbon conversion processes.Type: GrantFiled: June 30, 1992Date of Patent: October 19, 1993Assignee: Chevron Research and Technology CompanyInventor: Yumi Nakagawa
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Patent number: 5252527Abstract: A crystalline zeolite SSZ-32 of novel composition is prepared using an N-lower alkyl-N'-isopropyl-imidazolium cation as a template. Also disclosed is a process for converting hydrocarbons with crystalline zeolite SSZ-32.Type: GrantFiled: June 28, 1991Date of Patent: October 12, 1993Assignee: Chevron Research and Technology CompanyInventor: Stacey I. Zones
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Patent number: 5248642Abstract: Catalytic cracking catalysts/additives which comprise rare-earth, preferably lanthanum, oxide and/or oxychloride dispersed in an acid reacted metakaolin matrix. The catalysts/additives may be combined with zeolite-containing cracking catalysts to enhance catalytic activity/selectivity in the presence of metals (Ni and V).Type: GrantFiled: August 12, 1992Date of Patent: September 28, 1993Assignee: W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn.Inventors: Ranjit Kumar, Ronald E. Ritter, Howard J. Schaeffer, III
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Large-pored molecular sieves with charged octahedral titanium and charged tetrahedral aluminum sites
Patent number: 5244650Abstract: A crystalline-titanium-aluminum-silicate molecular sieve is disclosed having both di-charged octahedrally coordinated titanium and mono-charged tetrahedrally coordinated aluminum in its framework.Type: GrantFiled: May 25, 1990Date of Patent: September 14, 1993Assignee: Engelhard CorporationInventors: Steven M. Kuznicki, Kathleen A. Thrush -
Patent number: 5236879Abstract: A catalyst for purifying an exhaust gas comprising: a crystalline aluminosilicate containing a rare earth or alkaline earth metal produced by allowing a rare earth or alkaline earth metal salt to exist in reactants for a synthesis of a crystalline aluminosilicate, and introduced therein, at least one element selected from the consisting of the group Ib metals and VIII metals of the periodic table.Type: GrantFiled: December 6, 1991Date of Patent: August 17, 1993Assignee: Tosoh CorporationInventors: Shunji Inoue, Senshi Kasahara, Kazuhiko Sekizawa
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Patent number: 5236878Abstract: An adsorbent comprising a sepiolite and a zeolite, especially silicalite and a zeolite-containing adsorptive decomposition composition comprising the adsorbent and a catalyst component supported thereon are disclosed.A method of deodorizing which comprising using a composition comprising a sepiolite and a zeolite as an adsorbent and a method of purifying a gas containing unpleasant odors or noxious components, which comprises adsorbing such odors or noxious components in the gas on an adsorptive decomposition composition comprising the adsorbent and a catalyst component supported thereon and periodically or non-periodically heating said composition to desorb and decompose the adsorbates therefrom are also disclosed.Adsorptive compositions and adsorptive decomposition compositions have a large adsorption and desorption rate, get little degradation in their performances at repeated use, and exhibit excellent water resistance, namely, a large adsorption and decomposition capacity even when they are wet.Type: GrantFiled: December 30, 1991Date of Patent: August 17, 1993Assignee: Nikki-Universal Co., Ltd.Inventors: Norio Inoue, Makoto Sakura, Eiki Iida
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Patent number: 5232675Abstract: The present invention discloses a rare earth-containing high-silica zeolite having penta-sil type structure and process for the same. The anhydrous composition of the high-silica zeolite of the present invention (based on the mole ratio of oxides) can be defined by the formulaxRE.sub.2 O.sub.3 yNa.sub.2 OAl.sub.2 O.sub.3 zSiO.sub.2in which X=0.01-0.30, y=0.4-1.0, and z=20-60. The high-silica zeolite of the present invention is an useful active component for catalysts.Type: GrantFiled: January 14, 1992Date of Patent: August 3, 1993Assignees: Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, China Petrochemical CorporationInventors: Xingtian Shu, Wei Fu, Mingyuan He, Meng Zhou, Zhicheng Shi, Shugin Zhang
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Patent number: 5227352Abstract: A crystalline aluminosilicate which has the following characteristics:(A) the SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 molar ratio as determined by chemical analysis is from 5 to 15;(B) the molar ratio of the Al content in the zeolite framework to the total Al of the aluminosilicate is from 0.3 to 0.6;(C) the unit cell dimension is 24.30 .ANG. or larger but less than 24.45 .ANG.;(D) the alkali metal content in terms of oxide is 0.02% by weight or more but less than 1% by weight in total;(E) the pore distribution yields characteristic peaks at around 50 .ANG. and at around 180 .ANG., with the volume of pores 100 .ANG. or larger but smaller than 600 .ANG. accounting for 10 to 40% of the whole pore volume; and(F) the X ray diffraction pattern thereof yields characteristic peaks of zeolite Y; and a metal modified crystalline aluminosilicate characterized by an X-ray diffraction pattern characteristic of zeolite Y, which is an ion exchanged form or a metal impregnated form containing from 0.Type: GrantFiled: June 28, 1991Date of Patent: July 13, 1993Assignees: Petroleum Energy Center, Cosmo Oil Co., Ltd.Inventors: Mitsugu Tsujii, Nobuki Sekine, Yukihiro Mimura, Yoshihiro Mizutani, Mitsuru Ohi, Seiichi Harima, Masaki Tanno
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Patent number: 5220078Abstract: A method is disclosed wherein t-butanol is reacted with methanol in a reaction zone in one step to provide methyl tert-butyl ether and the improvement in accomplishing the reaction which comprises:a. Using a catalyst consisting of a crystalline aluminosilicate faujasite Y-type zeolite which has been treated with a fluorophosphoric acid;b. continuously contacting said t-butanol and methanol in a molar amount of about 0.1 to 10 moles of methanol per mole of t-butanol with said catalyst at a temperature of about 20.degree. C. to about 250.degree. C. and a pressure of about atmospheric to about 1000 psig to obtain the methyl tert-butyl ether product.Type: GrantFiled: July 23, 1992Date of Patent: June 15, 1993Assignee: Texaco Chemical CompanyInventors: John F. Knifton, John R. Sanderson
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Patent number: 5206196Abstract: A catalyst for purifying an exhaust gas to remove nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons from an oxygen-rich exhaust gas containing nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons comprising (i) a zeolite having an SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 mole ratio of at least 15 and (ii) (a) cobalt, (b) a rare earth metal and (c) silver, or nickel and/or zinc, or platinum and/or manganese, or copper and/or rhodium, incorporated thereinto.Type: GrantFiled: December 12, 1991Date of Patent: April 27, 1993Assignee: Tosoh CorporationInventors: Masao Nakano, Akinori Eshita, Kazuhiko Sekizawa
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Patent number: 5202295Abstract: Hydrothermally stable intercalated clays having interlayer (gallery) spacings greater than 21 angstroms are provided by pillars comprising a rare earth metal. The pillars preferably also contain a metal such as aluminum. Other pillaring metal/rare earth combinations and differing preparation conditions, such as pH, result in different interlayer spacings. Interlayer spacings of up to 50 angstroms may be produced.Type: GrantFiled: October 18, 1991Date of Patent: April 13, 1993Assignee: UOPInventor: John R. McCauley
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Patent number: 5194413Abstract: Catalytic cracking catalysts are combined with a rare-earth, preferably lanthanum-containing catalyst/additive to enhance the cracking activity and selectivity in the presence of nickel and vanadia (Ni & V). The preferred additives comprise lanthanum, neodynium oxide and/or oxychloride dispersed in a clay/alumina matrix, wherein the alumina is derived from an aluminum hydroxychloride sol.Type: GrantFiled: April 27, 1992Date of Patent: March 16, 1993Assignee: W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn.Inventor: Ranjit Kumar
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Patent number: 5185305Abstract: A catalyst system for converting NO.sub.x, CO, and HC contained in the exhaust gas from a gasoline-fueled engine controlled to operate under lean-burn conditions (R=0.03-0.9) such that the a ratio of NO.sub.x to HC in the exhaust gas in in the range of 1/3 to 3/1 (i.e., minimum C.sub.3 H.sub.6 of 250 ppm and NO.sub.x of 200-400 ppm). The system comprises a first stage catalyst containing a transition metal-exchanged zeolite (i.e., Cu-ZSM5), and a three-way catalyst for treating the effluent from said first stage catalyst. The second stage catalyst consists of a high surface area alumina support impregnated with an intimate mixture of 0.5-20% lanthana, 0.2-30% palladium, and advantageously an outer washcoat TiO.sub.2.A method of treating the exhaust gas from a fossil-fueled engine comprising operating the engine under lean-burn conditions while controlling the emission ratio of NO.sub.Type: GrantFiled: November 8, 1991Date of Patent: February 9, 1993Assignee: Ford Motor CompanyInventors: Somasundaram Subramanian, Mohinder S. Chattha
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Patent number: 5183559Abstract: There is provided a catalyst comprising a layered silicate, such as magadiite, containing interspathic polymeric silica which serves to prop open the layers. The catalyst further comprises rare earth cations which are exchanged with other cations in the silicate. It has been discovered that this rare earth cation exchange imparts enhanced hydrothermal stability to the catalyst. There is also provided a method for making this catalyst and a process for using this catalyst for cracking hydrocarbons. In the cracking process, the catalyst is regenerated.Type: GrantFiled: September 13, 1991Date of Patent: February 2, 1993Assignee: Mobil Oil Corp.Inventors: Garry W. Kirker, Thomas F. Degnan, Jr., Albin Huss, Jr., Michael E. Landis
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Patent number: 5179053Abstract: A catalyst system that converts the exhaust gas of a compressed natural gas (CNG) fueled automotive engine when operated at stoichiometry or slightly lean thereof, at highly enhanced rates, and having: (a) a first stage catalyst comprising a transition metal-containing zeolite (Cu-ZSM5), and (b) a second stage catalyst for treating the effluent of the first stage and comprising palladium supported on high surface area gamma alumina. The second stage catalyst has the alumina support impregnated with an intimate mixture, by weight, of 0.5-20% La.sub.2 O.sub.3 and 0.2-30% palladium.A method of treating exhaust gases from a CNG-fueled engine, comprising: (a) operating the engine at stoichiometry or slightly lean (0.85-1.Type: GrantFiled: November 8, 1991Date of Patent: January 12, 1993Assignee: Ford Motor CompanyInventors: Somasundaram Subramanian, Robert J. Kudla, Mohinder S. Chattha
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Patent number: 5179054Abstract: A layered catalyst suited to the catalytic cracking of heavy feeds comprises a core and a shell. The shell comprises at least 5 wt % of at least 1 molecular sieve having openings of at least 8 angstroms. The core comprises at least 10 wt % of at least 1 molecular sieve having openings comprising a 12 or less-membered ring and has a reduced, if any, content of said molecular sieve having openings of at least 8 angstroms, relative to its concentration in the shell. Suitable molecular sieve materials having openings of at least 8 angstroms include MCM-41, VPI-5, MCM-9 and layered metal oxides, e.g., pillared clays. The required molecular sieve of the core can include zeolite Y, Ultrastable Y or intermediate pore size zeolites such as ZSM-5. The shell which may further contain a metals passivator can act as a metals sink, and can remove metals from the unit by attrition. The catalyst is preferably prepared by forming the core and then coating or encapsulating the core with a shell material.Type: GrantFiled: July 24, 1991Date of Patent: January 12, 1993Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventors: Paul H. Schipper, Hartley Owen, Joseph A. Herbst, Garry W. Kirker, Albin Huss, Jr., Pochen Chu
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Patent number: 5164073Abstract: A catalytic composite and its use in the fluidized catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons in the absence of added hydrogen. The composite comprises a binder material, a crystalline aluminosilicate, preferably a Y-type zeolite, and diatomaceous earth. Optional ingredients are kaolin, barium titanate and discrete particles of porous alumina. Absent from the composite is a supported catalytically active metal or metal oxide. The catalytic composite of the invention achieves higher gasoline production with lower coke production as compared to FCC catalysts with no diatomaceous earth content.Type: GrantFiled: October 10, 1990Date of Patent: November 17, 1992Assignee: Akzo N.V.Inventor: Chiu T. Lam
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Patent number: 5157006Abstract: A catalytic cracking composition comprising a physical blend of a cracking catalyst component with alcohol treated Sr(OH).sub.2 and alcohol is used to crack hydrocarbon-containing feedstocks that further contain quantities of vanadium.Type: GrantFiled: March 8, 1991Date of Patent: October 20, 1992Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Jesse R. Harris, Ping C. Liao
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Patent number: 5151394Abstract: A catalyst composition comprises a molecular sieve material and a boron phosphate-containing matrix. The catalyst composition is used in a catalytic cracking process to produce higher octane gasoline.Type: GrantFiled: January 25, 1991Date of Patent: September 29, 1992Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventors: Girish K. Chitnis, Joseph A. Herbst
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Patent number: 5145817Abstract: A process for the alkylation/transalkylation of benzene is improved by the use of a catalyst prepared by exchanging a sodium Y zeolite with an ammonium salt to replace from about 40 percent to about 90 percent of the sodium ions with ammonium ions; calcining the resulting ammonium-sodium zeolite in steam under conditions sufficient to reduce the unit cell size to about 24.48 to 24.60 angstroms; contacting the calcined catalyst with a rare earth salt and an aluminum salt either simultaneously or sequentially; and calcining the catalyst a second time in the absence of steam.Type: GrantFiled: May 24, 1991Date of Patent: September 8, 1992Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventor: Fred A. Sherrod
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Patent number: 5106802Abstract: A catalyst for the purification of the exhaust gas from a diesel engine, which catalyst comprises a honeycomb carrier possessing through holes disposed parallelly to the direction of flow of the exhaust gas and a catalyst component possessing a specific surface area of not more than 200 m.sup.2 /g and deposited on said carrier in a ratio of from 0.01 to 100 g per liter of said carrier and which catalyst possesses a specific surface area of from 0.1 to 5,000 m.sup.2 /liter of said catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: February 25, 1991Date of Patent: April 21, 1992Assignee: Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.Inventors: Makoto Horiuchi, Koichi Saito
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Patent number: 5100587Abstract: A new type of RL light source consisting of a zeolite crystalline material, the intralattice spaces of which a tritiated compound and a luminophore are sorbed, and which material is optionally further dispersed in a refractive index-matched polymer matrix.Type: GrantFiled: December 27, 1990Date of Patent: March 31, 1992Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Department of EnergyInventors: Roger L. Clough, John T. Gill, Daniel B. Hawkins, Clifford L. Renschler, Timothy J. Shepodd, Henry M. Smith
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Patent number: 5098684Abstract: This invention relates to a new synthetic composition of ultra-large pore crystalline material and use thereof as sorbent and in catalytic conversion of organic and inorganic compounds. The new crystalline material exhibits unusually large sorption capacity demonstrated by its benzene adsorption capacity of greater than about 15 grams benzene/100 grams at 50 torr and 25.degree. C., a hexagonal electron diffraction pattern that can be indexed with a d.sub.100 value greater than about 18 Angstrom Units and a hexagonal arrangement of uniformly sized pores with a maximum perpendicular cross section of at least about 13 Angstrom units.Type: GrantFiled: December 10, 1990Date of Patent: March 24, 1992Assignee: Mobil Oil Corp.Inventors: Charles T. Kresge, Michael E. Leonowicz, Wieslaw J. Roth, James C. Vartuli
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Patent number: 5077253Abstract: A layered catalyst contains a core of at least one, and preferably three, molecular sieve components within a shell layer of reduced molecular sieve content. A preferred catalyst consists of a core of a large pore molecular sieve, preferably a dealuminized Y-type zeolite, a shape selective paraffin cracking/isomerization component, preferably HZSM-5, and a shape selective aliphatic aromatization component, preferably gallium ZSM-5, within a shell of an alumina-rich, matrix. The shell can capture metals from the feeds being processed, it can act as a metals sink, and can remove metals from the unit by attrition. The catalyst is preferably prepared by forming the core and then coating or encapsulating the core with a shell having a reduced molecular sieve content. The shell may contain a pillared clay or other very large pore cracking component. The shell may be an attritable coating of an amorphous rare earth oxide, aluminum oxide and aluminum phosphate composite, which traps metals.Type: GrantFiled: May 1, 1990Date of Patent: December 31, 1991Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventors: Pochen Chu, Albin Huss, Jr., Hartley Owen, Joseph A. Herbst, Garry W. Kirker, Paul H. Schipper
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Patent number: 5073530Abstract: This invention provides an improved hydrocracking catalyst which includes an inorganic oxide component, such as alumina, a hydrogenation component, such as a base metal or a noble metal and a zeolite component which is a Y-zeolite. The catalyst in this invention is particularly characterized in that the zeolite component of the catalyst has a number average crystal size of less than about 0.5 micron, preferably less than about 0.4 micron. In the process aspect of this invention the use of the above catalyst in hydrocracking processes provides improved liquid fraction yields, particularly yields of high octane gasoline, diesel fuel and premium quality jet fuel. The catalyst also produces a corresponding decrease in production of light gases, while providing no significant increase in coking or decrease in catalyst life. In another aspect this invention provides a Y-type zeolite having an average crystal size of less than about 0.5 micron which comprises less than about 0.5 wt.Type: GrantFiled: May 10, 1989Date of Patent: December 17, 1991Assignee: Chevron Research and Technology CompanyInventors: Richard D. Bezman, Dennis R. Cash
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Patent number: 5071806Abstract: A composition for the catalytic cracking of a high metals content hydrocarbonaceous feedstock is disclosed, the catalyst comprising a magnesium-containing clay material, a silica-alumina cogel, and zeolite.Type: GrantFiled: March 27, 1990Date of Patent: December 10, 1991Assignee: Chevron Research and Technology CompanyInventor: Theresa A. Pecoraro
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Patent number: 5070053Abstract: Disclosed is a FCC catalyst composite, and a method of making said composite comprised of an alumina-on-silica additive, an inorganic refractory oxide, and optionally a zeolite material.Type: GrantFiled: December 21, 1990Date of Patent: December 3, 1991Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering CompanyInventors: Claude C. Culross, Gordon F. Stuntz, William E. Winter, Jr.
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Patent number: 5059568Abstract: Hydrothermally stable intercalated clays having interlayer (gallery) spacings of about 16 to 18 angstroms or more are provided by pillars comprising aluminum and cerium. Other pillaring metal/rare earth combinations and differing preparation conditions, such as pH, result in different interlayer spacings. Interlayer spacings of 16 to 40 or 18 to 50 angstroms may be produced.Type: GrantFiled: September 17, 1990Date of Patent: October 22, 1991Assignee: UOPInventor: John F. McCauley
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Patent number: 5053373Abstract: A crystalline zeolite SSZ-32 of novel composition is prepared using an N-lower alkyl-N'-isopropyl-imidazolium cation as a template. Also disclosed is a process for converting hydrocarbons with crystalline zeolite SSZ-32.Type: GrantFiled: October 24, 1989Date of Patent: October 1, 1991Assignee: Chevron Research CompanyInventor: Stacey I. Zones
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Patent number: 5051392Abstract: A multifunctional catalyst, a method of preparing the catalyst and the use of the catalyst in treating exhaust fumes from internal combustion engines are described. The catalyst includes a porous layer containing (weight %, dry):about 50 to about 99.7% of at least one refractory inorganic oxide,about 0.1 to about 25% of at least one uranium oxide,about 0.1 to about 35% of at least one oxide of at least one metal P selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, lanthanum, praseodymium, neodymium, gadolinium, and yttrium andabout 0.1 to 20% of a metal A selected from the group consisting of platinum, rhodium, palladium, ruthenium, iridium, and mixtures thereof.Type: GrantFiled: May 24, 1990Date of Patent: September 24, 1991Assignee: Institut Francais du PetroleInventors: Gil Mabilon, Daniel Durand, Philippe Courty, Michel Prigent
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Patent number: 5037531Abstract: A catalytic cracking process is disclosed using a catalyst comprising a framework dealuminate Y zeolite, which is rare earth and aluminum exchanged.Type: GrantFiled: October 30, 1989Date of Patent: August 6, 1991Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventors: Robert G. Bundens, Joseph A. Herbst
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Patent number: 5023220Abstract: A method for increasing the zeolite content of high zeolite content clay derived microspheres obtained by reacting porous precursor microspheres with a sodium silicate solution in the presence of seeds to crystallize zeolite Y in situ in macropores of precursor microspheres composed of a mixture of metakaolin and kaolin calcined to undergo the exotherm. The increased zeolite content is achieved by increasing macroporosity of the precursor microspheres and increasing the content of metakaolin in the precursor microspheres. The increase in zeolite is associated with an increase in catalytic activity and unexpectedly improved selectivity.Type: GrantFiled: June 13, 1990Date of Patent: June 11, 1991Assignee: Engelhard CorporationInventors: Lawrence B. Dight, David C. Bogert, Mark A. Leskowicz
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Patent number: 5019263Abstract: A synthetic, non-composited microporous membrane comprises a continuous array of crystalline molecular sieve material. A method is also provided for the preparation of the membrane, and methods are provided for using the membrane as a catalyst, or as a non-catalytic separation membrane for liquid or gaseous mixtures.Type: GrantFiled: June 5, 1990Date of Patent: May 28, 1991Assignee: Mobil Oil Corp.Inventors: Werner O. Haag, John G. Tsikoyiannis
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Patent number: 5008225Abstract: The invention is an improved catalyst and process for the manufacture of vinyl chloride from ethylene dichloride. Specifically, the invention is an improved catalyst for the catalyzed dehydrohalogenation of ethylene dichloride in the presence of oxygen. The catalyst comprises a rare earth metal chloride on a zeolite. The catalyst and process enables one to conduct the dehydrohalogenation (or cracking) operation at significantly lower temperatures than employed using a thermal process, without the coking problems observed in such cracking processes.Type: GrantFiled: June 27, 1989Date of Patent: April 16, 1991Assignee: The B. F. Goodrich CompanyInventor: Angelo J. Magistro
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Patent number: 5006497Abstract: A catalytic cracking catalyst and process are disclosed using a catalyst containing: a matrix, a large pore molecular sieve, a shape selective paraffin cracking/isomerization zeolite and a shape selective aliphatic aromatization zeolite. An exemplary catalyst comprises dealuminized zeolite Y, optionally containing rare earth elements, HZSM-5, and gallium ZSM-5 in a matrix. The matrix contains and protects the relatively fragile zeolite components and acts as a sodium and metals sink. The large pore molecular sieve cracks large hydrocarbons to lighter paraffins and olefins. The shape selective paraffin cracking/isomerization component cracks/isomerizes the paraffins produced by the large pore molecular seive. The shape selective aliphatic aromatization catalyst converts light paraffins and olefins into aromatics. A single shape selective zeolite, e.g., ZSM-5 with a controlled amount of an aromatization component such as gallium, may promote both paraffin cracking/isomerization and aromatization.Type: GrantFiled: December 30, 1988Date of Patent: April 9, 1991Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventors: Joseph A. Herbst, Hartley Owen, Paul H. Schipper
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Patent number: 5001096Abstract: The invention describes the preparation of novel cracking catalysts by surface coating conventional cracking catalysts with passivators that act as metals traps. The coating of passivators is weakly bound to the catalyst so as to permit the coating to continuously attrit off during catalytic cracking. The continuous flaking off of the coating exposes a new surface of the coating.Type: GrantFiled: April 7, 1989Date of Patent: March 19, 1991Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventors: Pochen Chu, Albin Huss, Jr., Garry W. Kirker
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Patent number: 4973461Abstract: A synthetic crystalline zeolite is provided characterized by having a composition, in terms of mole ratios of oxides, in the range:0.9 to 1.1 M.sub.2/n O:Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 :2.5 to 5.1 SiO.sub.2 :xH.sub.2 Owherein M is at least one exchangeable cation, n is the valence of M, and x is 0 to 6, and characterized by having a specified x-ray powder diffraction pattern. The zeolite may be prepared by crystallization from a reaction mixture of KOH (and optionally a minor amount of NaOH), water, a source of silica, and a source of alumina preferably derived from kaolin or halloysite. Most preferably, the source of alumina is metakaolin and the source of silica is potassium silicate.Type: GrantFiled: March 3, 1988Date of Patent: November 27, 1990Assignee: Exxon Research & Engineering CompanyInventor: David E. Vaughan
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Patent number: 4968406Abstract: A process for increasing the volume of feed throughput to the catalytic cracker by decreasing hydrogen and total gas volume production, under catalytic cracking conditions temperature of 950.degree. F. to about 1150.degree. F., a catalyst to feed ratio of 3:1 to 10:1 and a catalyst contact time of from about 1 to about 20 in the presence of catalyst comprising ZSM-20 and a matrix.Type: GrantFiled: October 29, 1988Date of Patent: November 6, 1990Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventors: Sadi Mizrahi, James C. Vartuli
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Patent number: 4965233Abstract: A novel improved process for maunfacturing fluid cracking cataylsts by an in situ procedure. Sodium zeolite Y (synthetic faujasite) is crystallized in pores of a physical mixture of preformed, highly porous precursor microspheres, one portion of the microspheres is composed of metakaolin and the other portion of the mixture of microspheres being composed of kaolin calcined to undergo the exotherm (the latter somethimes being referred to as spinel calcined clay or simply spinel). In particular, by the present invention the precursor microspheres have enhanced porosity (e.g., 0.3 to 0.5 cc/g as measured by mercury porosimetry) and are obtained by spray drying a slurry of hydrous (raw) kaolin clay which is characterized by presence of a major amount of large (plus 2 micron) kaolin stacks, which when spray dried, result in microspheres having the desired high content of macropores in which zeolite Y can grow. Relatively high levels of metakaolin containing microspheres are used in the synthesis.Type: GrantFiled: October 20, 1988Date of Patent: October 23, 1990Assignee: Engelhard CorporationInventor: Barry K. Speronello
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Patent number: 4963520Abstract: A composition of matter comprising at least one metal-containing spinel which includes a first metal and a second metal having a valence higher than the valence of the first metal, a minor amount of at least one-third metal component effective to promote the oxidation of sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide at sulfur dioxide oxidation conditions, and a minor amount of at least one-fourth metal component effective to promote the reduction of first metal sulfate at first metal sulfate reduction conditions. These compositions are useful, e.g., in hydrocarbon conversion processes, to reduce sulfur oxide and/or nitrogen oxide atmospheric emissions.Type: GrantFiled: August 1, 1988Date of Patent: October 16, 1990Assignee: UOPInventors: Jin S. Yoo, Cecelia A. Radlowski, John A. Karch, Alakananda Bhattacharyya
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Patent number: 4957892Abstract: An improved process for converting hydrocarbons using a catalyst which is periodically regenerated to remove carbonaceous deposits, the catalyst being comprised of a mixture containing, as a major component, solid particles capable of promoting hydrocarbon conversion at hydrocarbon conversion conditions, and, as a minor component, discrete entities comprising at least one spinel, preferably alkaline earth metal-containing spinel; thereby reducing the amount of sulfur oxides exiting the catalyst regeneration zone.Improved hydrocarbon conversion catalysts are also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: April 7, 1988Date of Patent: September 18, 1990Assignee: UOPInventors: Jin S. Yoo, John A. Jaecker