Abstract: A coating film comprising ethyl cellulose as a component A and an (ethyl acrylate)-(methyl methacrylate) copolymer or a plasticized vinyl acetate polymer as a component B, and having a tensile elongation of 150% or more and a tensile strength of 9 N or more.

Abstract: The present invention relates to method of identifying whether or not an individual has Parkinson's disease (PD). In particular, the invention relates to a method for identifying whether or not an individual has PD in the pre-symptomatic phase of the disease or to distinguishing PD from another neurological disorder. The method of the invention comprises measuring the amount of soluble ?-synuclein oligomers in a cerebrospinal fluid sample taken from an individual. The method optionally also comprises measuring the total amount of ?-synuclein in the CSF sample, calculating the ratio of the amount of ?-synuclein oligomers to the total amount of ?-synuclein, and thereby determining whether or not the individual has PD. The method of the invention can be used in clinical trials to measure the effect of drugs in both PD animal models and human PD patients.

Abstract: The invention includes compositions and methods for regulating PI3K p110 delta as an anti-retroviral therapy. The invention includes inhibiting p110 delta, a component of PI3K p110 delta signaling pathway, or any combination thereof in a cell as an anti-retroviral therapeutic approach for treating a retroviral infection, for example HIV. The invention includes a method of modulating PI3K p110 delta in a cell infected with a retrovirus by contacting the cell with an effective amount of a composition comprising an inhibitor of PI3K p110 delta.

Abstract: The theophylline derivative disclosed in the present invention is characterized by having the pharmaceutical functions of osteoporosis. The theophylline derivative protects against bone resorption and inflammatory mediator infiltration.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are disclosed for the treatment of diseases or conditions produced by or associated with low cyclic nucleotide levels. The compositions comprise phosphodiesterase inhibitors and are formulated for intranasal and pulmonary administration.

Abstract: Hair care compositions and methods that can increase the appearance of healthier hair by increasing the appearance of thicker and fuller hair, longer hair, and/or delayed emergence of gray hair. Such compositions can be applied to any areas where healthier hair appearance is desired, such as the scalp or face.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for enhancing the aesthetic appearance of the lip or lips of a human achieved by applying to the surface of the lip a composition containing a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, preferably a pyrazolopyrimidinone such as sildenafil or its citrate salt.

Abstract: A powder-particle dosage form obtained by granulating an excipient and/or a disintegrating agent with a liquid in which a bitter taste masking base is dissolved and/or suspended, and a drug having solubility in water (20° C.) of not higher than 1 g/mL is dissolved or suspended, or a tablet obtained by compressing the powder-particle dosage form could mask bitter taste of a drug.

Abstract: The present invention, relates to methods including compounds, derivatives, antibodies, interfering RNA, biologies, polypeptides, dominant negative effectors, and their use in the treatment of neuropathic pain by inhibition of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. In another embodiment, this invention relates to inhibitors, antagonists, and agonists of TRPC4. TRPC4 therapeutic agents and modulators include but are not limited to small molecule inhibitors, compounds, amino acid derivatives, polypeptides, RNA interference agents, natural chemicals, ligand derivatives, and ions. TRPC4 therapeutic agents and modulators are developed for the treatment of neuropathic pain, including but not limited to pain sensations such as nociception, hyperalgesia, allodynia, and loss of sensory function.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions containing a fraction isolated or derived from hops and a methylxanthine. The invention additionally provides compositions containing a fraction derived from hops and a curcuminoid. The invention also provides methods of using such compositions to reduce inflammation.

Abstract: Presented are mechanism based compositions and methods for treatment of SCD and SCD associated symptoms and disorders, particularly increased RBC sickling, HbS polymerization, hemolysis, tissue congestion and disruption and organ damage or failure in a mammal. The disclosed methods feature the identification of the heretofore unknown role of adenosine levels and signaling in the development of SCD and SCD associated symptoms and disorders. This discovery has lead to the identification of compositions for use as therapies for SCD and SCD associated disorders and symptoms in a mammal.

Abstract: The present invention is theobromine as an active agent to be delivered via the inhaled route, for the treatment of cough.

Abstract: The present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising one or more CRTH2 antagonists 1 and one or more further active compounds 2.

Abstract: Methods of treating movement disorders by administering an effective amount of one or more adenosine A2A receptor antagonists to a patient in need thereof and methods of decreasing the adverse effects of L-DOPA in patients receiving L-DOPA therapy in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Also, methods and compositions for treating Parkinson's disease patients with sub-clinically effective doses of L-DOPA with an effective amount of one or more adenosine A2A receptor antagonists, optionally with a dopamine agonist and/or a COMT inhibitor and/or a MAO inhibitor.

Abstract: A method of modulating the dopaminergic system of the central nervous system comprising administering to a subject a dopamine precursor and/or a dopamine agonist in an amount effective to induce a reward response in the subject is described, as are related compositions.

Abstract: A pH dependent drug delivery system comprising a pH sensitive graft copolymer, a therapeutically active agent and other pharmaceutically acceptable ingredients. More specifically, a composition which is capable of suppressing the drug release in the acidic pH prevalent in the stomach and releasing the drug over an extended period of time at pH prevalent in the intestinal region.

Abstract: The present invention includes a method of treating or preventing a CNS white matter injury in a patient in need thereof. The invention also includes a method of stimulating proliferation of a CNS cell in a patient in need thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to taste-masked oral formulations of influenza antivirals. The taste-masked pharmaceutical formulations for oral administration comprise one or more influenza antivirals, at least one taste-masking agent and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. Further, the taste-masked influenza antiviral formulations of the present invention are provided in the form of dispersible tablets, effervescent tablets, orally disintegrating tablets, chewable tablets, bite-dispersion tablets or the like, wherein the bitter taste of influenza antivirals is masked thereby providing palatable formulations.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for dilating the bronchi or bronchioles and relaxing a pulmonary smooth muscle in a subject by treating the subject with a pharmaceutical composition, which includes a Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. The ability to dilate the bronchi or bronchioles and relax a pulmonary smooth muscle according to the methods of the invention allows treating, alleviating, or inhibiting bronchoconstrictive diseases or disorders and symptoms associated or derived from bronchoconstrictive diseases.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to the field of mineralization, and specifically to the role of TNAP in regulating the levels of extracellular inorganic pyrophosphate. The invention provides methods for modulating the activity of TNAP activity; methods for screening for modulators of TNAP activity; modulators of TNAP activity; and methods for treating pathologic conditions known of suspected to be affected by modulation of TNAP activity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a skin patch comprising a matrix adhering to the skin and containing at least one active cosmetic substance and a combination with a skin wrapping to generate an effective compression for the treatment of cellulite and/or striae.

Abstract: An edible product for normalizing blood sugar levels is provided. The product includes a mulberry extract having a (w/w) flavonoids concentration of at least 10%, a 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) concentration of about 2% and a GABA concentration of about 1% of the total amino acid content of said mulberry extract.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of a preparation comprising sulfated oligosaccharides which trap spermine or spermidine or both, as an active slimming ingredient in a cosmetic, pharmaceutical and/or nutraceutical composition. One of the objectives of the invention is to supply a cosmetic, pharmaceutical or nutraceutical composition with a slimming effect.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for increasing drug bioavailability and/or preventing multi-drug resistance through inhibition of ABCG2 by xanthine compounds are disclosed.

Abstract: A particulate material for delivering an active ingredient and a method for making the same is provided. The particulate material can be included in a solid dosage form to provide both high tablet strength and smooth-dissolving mouth-feel. The particulate material includes at least two low moldability sugars, such as, dextrose and sucrose, in an amount of from about 70% to about 100% of the particulate material and is granulated in the presence of a binding agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to semisolid transdermal pharmaceutical preparation having enhanced stability and bioavailability, wherein the particles are coated by a volatile silicon oil component and the thus obtained suspension is dispersed in a gel or cream base.

Abstract: Buccal aerosol sprays or capsules using polar and non-polar solvent have now been developed which provide biologically active compounds for rapid absorption through the oral mucosa, resulting in fast onset of effect. The buccal polar compositions of the invention comprise formulation I: aqueous polar solvent, active compound, and optional flavoring agent; formulation II: aqueous polar solvent, active compound, optionally flavoring agent, and propellant; formulation III: non-polar solvent, active compound, and optional flavoring agent; and formulation IV: non-polar solvent, active compound, optional flavoring agent, and propellant.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a novel process for making oral solid gastro-retentive forms, including the steps of providing a powder mixture including a hydrophobic powder, overgranulating this powder mixture with a granulating solution into an overgranulated paste, and drying all paste into a solid, as well as to pharmaceutical solid dosage forms which are retained in the stomach or upper gastrointestinal tract for a controlled delivery of a drug.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a process for obtaining standardized extracts of methylxanthine derivatives from cakes of plants of the genus Theobroma such as cacoa and cupuaçu for use in a composition having potential anti-celullite lipolytic activity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of improving the energy status of an individual by enhancing the usage of lactate. Improved lactate usage is accomplished through a composition comprising lactate precursors, adrenergic receptor agonists and insulinotropic agents.

Abstract: A natural color is concentrated to intensify color range and to provide useful amounts of one or more of anti-oxidant, nutritional, and anti-inflammatory compounds derived from one or more pigment sources. In a preferred embodiment, the pigment source is a fruit, a vegetable, a legume, a spice, algae, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for external skin application having a skin-moisturizing effect, which comprises gallocatechin gallate as an active ingredient. More particularly, the composition for external skin application comprises gallocatechin gallate as an active ingredient to activate peroxisome proliferator activated receptor isoform alpha (PPAR-?), to stimulate expression of filaggrin and involucrin that are skin-moisturizing factors, and thus to provide excellent anti-drying and skin-moisturizing effects. More particularly, the composition for external skin application may further comprise theobromine and quercetin in addition to gallocatechin gallate to maximize such effects.

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions and methods for treating various diseases or medical conditions by administering a methylxanthine compound. Specifically, the invention relates to compositions and methods for treating cytochrome oxidase (CcOX) mediated diseases or medical conditions by administering compositions comprising a methyl xanthine compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides various biomarkers of inflammatory bowel disease, including biomarkers for Crohn's disease and biomarkers for Ulcerative colitis. The present invention also provides various methods of using the biomarkers, including methods for diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease, methods for distinguishing between inflammatory bowel diseases, methods of determining predisposition to inflammatory bowel disease, methods of monitoring progression/regression of inflammatory bowel disease, methods of assessing efficacy of compositions for treating inflammatory bowel disease, methods of screening compositions for activity in modulating biomarkers of inflammatory bowel disease, methods of treating inflammatory bowel disease, as well as other methods based on biomarkers of inflammatory bowel disease.

Abstract: A pulsatile release composition which releases the content rapidly after a predetermined lag time comprising a drug containing a core, coated with a pH sensitive graft copolymer. The coating suppresses the drug release at acidic pH prevalent in the stomach and releases it either immediately or after a lag time in the intestinal region. Combinations of multiple numbers of coated and uncoated units provide a sequential pulsatile release of same or different therapeutic agents.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for treating or preventing atrial fibrillation (AF). In particular, the present invention provides administration of muscarinic receptor antagonists (e.g., M2-selective muscarinic receptor blockers), administered alone or in combination with other therapeutic agents (e.g., beta-adrenergic receptor blockers) to treat and/or prevent atrial fibrillation.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods of reducing symptoms associated with an abrupt reduction in an endogenous or exogenous chemical in subjects, the methods comprising: (a) administering to the subject a single dosage form comprising an active agent, wherein the release rate of the active agent from the single dosage form tapers throughout the administration; and (b) removing the single dosage form from the subjects after the release rate of the active agent is at or below a terminal symptom threshold level.

Abstract: The present invention provides hepatoprotectant acetaminophen mutual prodrugs, which have an acetaminophen moiety covalently linked to a second moiety that may act as a hepatoprotectant against acetaminophen hepatotoxicity. Additionally, acetaminophen mutual prodrugs may have improved water solubility which may provide better suitability for parenteral and other dosage forms relative to administration of acetaminophen. Also provided are methods of treating a disease or condition that is responsive to acetaminophen (such as fever, pain and ischemic injury) using hepatoprotectant acetaminophen mutual prodrugs, as well as kits and unit dosages.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel compounds of the general formula (Ia), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, isomers, diastereomers or enantiomers thereof and their use as medicines, for example in the treatment of dopamine-related movement disorders.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a solid, coated pharmaceutical composition by a melt coating process. The process is adapted to provide a solid, coated pharmaceutical composition by melt coating, which has a fast release.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a tris salt of 8-chloro-3-pentyl-3,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione of Formula (A) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: corresponding pharmaceutical formulations, manufacture processes and uses of the aforementioned compound in therapy, particularly in treatment of diseases where under-activation of the HM74A receptor contributes to the disease or where activation of the receptor will be beneficial.

Abstract: The present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions, which are useful for treatment of depression and the like, and which comprises a compound having an adenosine A2A receptor antagonistic activity such as (E)-8-(3,4-dimethoxystyryl)-1,3-diethyl-7-methyl-3,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and an antidepressant drug (for example, a tricyclic antidepressant, a tetracyclic antidepressant, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, a selective noradrenalin reuptake inhibitor, a dopamine reuptake inhibitor, a serotonin-noradrenalin reuptake inhibitor, a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, a 5-HT2 antagonist or the like), and the like.

Abstract: The present invention provides a film-form preparation having a rapid dissolution profile in the mouth and sufficient film strength, and also having excellent appearance and feel. More specifically, the present invention provides a film-form preparation including: a water-soluble and a polar organic solvent-soluble edible polymer; and polar organic solvent-insoluble drug particles.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for diagnosing a pregnancy related hypertensive disorder or a predisposition to a pregnancy related hypertensive disorder by measuring the level or biological activity of soluble endoglin. Also disclosed herein are methods for treating a pregnancy related hypertensive disorder, such as pre-eclampsia and eclampsia, using compounds that alter soluble endoglin levels or biological activity.

Abstract: The present invention related to the administration of bioactive agents via oral fast dispersing/dissolving drug delivery systems for treating illnesses of patient with critical buccal condition, leading to difficulties in swallowing oral medicine forms and thus difficulties in treating said illnesses. Particularly, the present invention discloses the administration of bioactive agents via oral fast dispersing/dissolving drug delivery systems for treating illnesses of patient with dysphagia and/or odynophagia and/or aspiration risk. Another aspect of the present invention is the administration of bioactive agents via oral fast dispersing/dissolving drug delivery systems for the treatment of dysphagia and/or odynophagia and/or aspiration risk.

Abstract: There is provided wound healing composition which comprises at least one oxidant, at least one photoactivator capable of actuating the oxidant and at least one healing factor chosen from hyaluronic acid, glucosamine and allantoin in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. In addition, a method of topically treating wounds using at least one oxidant and at least one photoactivator capable of activating the oxidant followed by illumination of said photosensitizer is disclosed.

Abstract: It is described the use of propionyl L-carnitine for treating disturbances of the skin such as cellulite.

Abstract: There is provided a skin rejuvenation composition which comprises at least one oxidant, at least one photoactivator capable of activating the oxidant, and at least one healing factor chosen from hyaluronic acid, glucosamine and allantoin, in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: Adenosine A2A receptor antagonists are useful for the preparation of medicaments against atrial fibrillation in mammals, including humans. It has been found that the adenosine A2A receptor is present in human atrial cardiomyocytes and participates in the pathological mechanisms underlying atrial fibrillation. An advantage of using A2A antagonists over other agents known in the art is that the A2A antagonists specifically target patients with atrial fibrillation.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for producing a granulate based on lactose and cellulose (derivative), a granulate obtainable by the process and its use as a tabletting excipient.