Abstract: Oligosaccharides are for use in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases of the central nervous system, in particular Parkinson's disease, and to pharmaceutical compositions including one or more of the oligosaccharides.

Abstract: A synthetic mixture of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) consisting essentially of lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), lacto-N-tetraose (LNT), 2?-fucosyllactose (2?FL), 3?-O-sialyllactose (3?-SL), 6?-O-sialyllactose (6?-SL) either difucosyllactose (DFL) or 3-fucosyllactose (3-FL), preferably DFL, and optionally lactose. Said synthetic composition is useful for: treating or preventing viral and/or bacterial infection in a non-infant human; modulating the microbiota of a non-infant human; and/or improving the cognitive function of a non-infant human and as a pharmaceutical or nutritional composition.

Abstract: Methods and compositions using E-selectin antagonists are provided for the treatment and prevention of diseases and disorders treatable by inhibiting binding of E-selectin to an E-selectin ligand. Described herein are E-selectin antagonists including, for example, glycomimetic compounds, antibodies, aptamers and peptides that are useful in methods for treatment of cancers, and treatment and prevention of metastasis, inhibiting infiltration of the cancer cells into bone marrow, reducing or inhibiting adhesion of the cancer cells to endothelial cells including cells in bone marrow, and inhibiting thrombus formation.

Abstract: The disclosure provides for the use of an oligosaccharide for the treatment of liver disease. More particularly, the disclosure provide methods and composition for treating liver disease comprising administering 2?-FL to a subject.

Abstract: Use of a sialyllactose, or a nutritional composition comprising a sialyllactose, to enhance attention and/or to decrease impulsivity in a subject.

Abstract: Anhydrous hydrocolloid matrices contain one or more encapsulated therapeutic agents, including an acne agent and/or skin conditioning agent. The anhydrous hydrocolloid matrices are used as acne treatment dressings alone or in a laminate with a water-impermeable or semi-water impermeable backing and a release liner. The anhydrous hydrocolloid matrices are made using a premix of viscosity modifiers and hydrocarbon emollients and the one or more therapeutic agents, which are mixed via high shear mixing to form the premix. The resulting anhydrous hydrocolloid matrices include the one or more therapeutic agents which are encapsulated and homogeneously distributed therein.

Abstract: Formulations for chemoprevention of oral cancer and precancerous lesions, and for methods for preparing the formulations are described.

Abstract: The invention relates to a human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) for use in, a synthetic composition comprising an HMO for use in and a method for preventing or treating migraine in a human.

Abstract: A method for treating metabolic disorders in non-infant includes administering to an obese non-infant human during a treatment period an effective amount of a mixture of two or more synthetic neutral human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) selected from 2?-fucosyllactose (2?FL), 3-fucosyllactose (3-FL), difucosyllactose (DFL), lacto-N-fucopentaose I (LNFP-I), lacto-N-tetraose (LNT), and lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), and optionally one or more excipients. The method further includes increasing in the gastrointestinal microbiota of the non-infant human during the treatment period, the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium adolescentis and reducing in the non-infant human during the treatment period, a precursor condition for a metabolic disorder associated with development of one or more of obesity-induced pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes, the precursor condition selected from gut permeability, metabolic endotoxemia, low-grade metabolic inflammation, and body fat percentage.

Abstract: A synthetic composition for use in treating or improving one or more emotion and/or mood disorders in a patient, characterised in that the composition contains an effective amount of one or more neutral human milk oligosaccharides, is disclosed.

Abstract: A food for improving intestinal environment by promoting proliferation of intestinal bifidobacteria is described herein. The food for improving intestinal environment can contain a combination of (1) an enteric composition containing an amino acid or a salt thereof and (2) an indigestible polysaccharide or a composition containing an indigestible polysaccharide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a complementary nutritional composition characterized by a low glycemic load and/or index and/or comprising an ingredient characterized by a low glycemic index for use in treatment, prevention and/or reducing the risk of a metabolic syndrome disorder appearing later in life.

Abstract: A feed composition for improving intestinal environment by promoting proliferation of intestinal bifidobacteria is described herein. The feed composition for improving intestinal environment can contain a combination of (1) an enteric composition containing an amino acid or a salt thereof, and (2) an indigestible polysaccharide or a composition containing an indigestible polysaccharide.

Abstract: Components with relatively high loading of active pharmaceutical ingredients are generally provided. In some embodiments, the component (e.g., a tissue interfacing component) comprises a solid therapeutic agent and a supporting material such that the solid therapeutic agent is present in the component in an amount of greater than or equal to 10 wt % versus the total weight of the tissue interfacing component. Such tissue-interfacing components may be useful for delivery of API doses e.g., to a subject. Advantageously, in some embodiments, the reduction of volume required to deliver the required API dose as compared to a liquid formulation permits the creation of solid needle delivery systems for a wide variety of drugs in a variety of places/tissues (e.g., tongue, GI mucosal tissue, skin) and/or reduces and/or eliminates the application of an external force in order to inject a drug solution through the small opening in the needle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a nutritional composition comprising an oligosaccharide mixture, said oligosaccharide mixture comprising at least one N-acetylated oligosaccharide, one galacto-oligosaccharide and one sialylated oligosaccharide for use in preventing and/or treating allergy symptoms in an infant or a young child, by increasing SFCA production, in particular colonic acetate, propionate and/or butyrate, in said infant or young children.

Abstract: This invention describes new hydrated and anhydrous polymorphs of 2?-O-fucosyllactose (2?FL): Polymorph A 2?FL-3/2H2O, Polymorph B 2TL-5/2 H2O and anhydrous Polymorph C. There is also a description of the methods for obtaining them, and of a new method for preparing Polymorph I already known in the literature.

Abstract: A synthetic composition for use in improving one or more co-morbid mental disorder symptoms of a patient with IBS, characterised in that the composition contains an effective amount of one or more neutral human milk oligosaccharides, is disclosed.

Abstract: A method of alleviating age-related symptoms in a mammal, which comprises a step of administering to a mammal in need thereof, an effective amount of a composition containing an effective amount of at least methylene blue.

Abstract: The invention discloses novel endocrine treatment phytochemicals which affect androgenic status. The method for treatment of 5-alpha-reductase responsive diseases using four novel 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor compounds; leucoanthocyanidin, glabrene, glabridin, and alpha-terpineol is disclosed. Glabridin does not interfere with normal testosterone to androgen receptor binding.

Abstract: The present invention has an object to provide a fluid for peritoneal dialysis with satisfactory body fluid removability, high biocompatibility, and improved storage stability, and the object is attained by a fluid for peritoneal dialysis containing one or more saccharides selected from cyclonigerosylnigerose, cyclomaltosylmaltose, and L-ascorbic acid 2-glucoside.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting inflammation in a subject comprising the administration of milk oligosaccharides or glycoconjugates containing milk oligosaccharides is disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a growth promoting composition capable of promoting growth of a microorganism belonging to the genus Bifidobacterium living in the intestine of mammals such as human and the like. According to the present invention, a composition for promoting growth of a microorganism belonging to the genus Bifidobacterium, comprising one or more kinds selected from the group consisting of Lacto-N-tetraose, Lacto-N-neotetraose and derivatives thereof can be provided. The aforementioned growth promoting composition is suitable for promoting growth of the aforementioned microorganism in the intestine by oral administration to, particularly, a human adult.

Abstract: The present teachings provide new compositions comprising polycations and polycations, and the preparation and use of these new compositions, In one aspect, the new compositions are complex coacervates. The compositions described herein can have several desired properties, including, low interfacial tension in water, adjustable cohesive strength, antimicrobial activity, suitability for dissolution at or near physiological pH, the ability to promote cell attachment, biocompatiblility, and/or biodegradability. Thus, in various embodiments, the complex coacervates can be used in water-based applications, for example, in the body.

Abstract: Provided are methods and pharmaceutical compositions for treating symptoms associated with lactose intolerance and for overall improvement in gastrointestinal health. Described herein are methods and pharmaceutical compositions for improving overall gastrointestinal health or for decreasing symptoms of lactose intolerance by administering to subject in need thereof a pharmaceutical composition comprising a prebiotic, optionally in combination with effective amount of a probiotic microbe or microbes.

Abstract: An individual at risk for necrotizing enterocolitis and related disorders can be identified by measuring the level of at least one secretor antigen in a biological sample from the individual and comparing the measured level of the at least one secretor antigen to a predetermined value or a predetermined range of values. Among the secretor antigens which can be measured are: the H-1, H-2, Lewisb and Lewisy antigens and derivatives thereof (e.g., a sialylated form of Lewis a, Lewis x, Lewis b, Lewis y; H-1, H-2, Lewis a, Lewis x, Lewis b or Lewis y).

Abstract: This invention relates to a preparation comprising N-acetyl-lactosamine and/or an oligosaccharide containing N-acetyl-lactosamine and a probiotic Lactobacillus sp. The invention extends to nutritional compositions comprising said preparation and to the use of the preparation in the prevention and treatment of pathogenic infections of the gastro-intestinal and upper respiratory tracts.

Abstract: There is provided a method for suppressing a pro-inflammatory immune response in a cell, comprising providing to a cell sialic acid or analogs thereof, wherein the sialic acid or analogs are presented by a substrate such that a pro-inflammatory immune response in a cell is suppressed or an anti-inflammatory immune response is increased in a cell. Further, there is provided a method of treatment of inflammatory disease in a subject in need thereof. There is also provided a drug delivery device and a biomaterial which can modulate the inflammatory response in a subject.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods and compounds for inhibiting bacterial growth and treating a bacterial infection in a subject. These methods involve providing an inhibitor of intrabacterial pH homeostasis, including inhibitors of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rv3671c gene encoded membrane protease. Methods for identifying novel compounds that disrupt intrabacterial pH homeostasis and their use for inhibiting bacterial growth and treating a bacterial infection in a subject are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are nutritional compositions including human milk oligosaccharides that can be administered to preterm infants, term infants, toddlers, and children for improving airway defense mechanisms.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a lipid-regulating agent or a composition for regulating the amount of lipids comprising the agent. The present invention solves the above object by providing a lipid-regulating agent comprising a cyclic tetrasaccharide and/or its saccharide-derivative(s) and a composition for regulating the amount of lipids comprising the lipid-regulating agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of at least one compound selected among the synthetic polysulphated oligosaccharides having 1 to 4 ose units and to the salts and complexes thereof as cleaning agents for a wound. The invention can be used in particular for preparing bandages intended for cleaning wounds.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for the treatment of cancer and inflammatory-based diseases and disorders, such as hepatitis B virus infection, tuberculosis and type 2 diabetes based upon the administration of CaFolate. In one embodiment is a method of treating cancer comprising administration of CaFolate. In another embodiment is a method of treatment inflammatory-based disease and disorders comprising administration of CaFolate.

Abstract: Epicatechins, Epicatechin Oligomers, or Thiolated Epicatechins are applied (A) directly to a genital wart in the form of a cream, ointment, paste or solution, (B) directly to the genital wart wherein such cream, ointment, paste or solution contains as an additional active ingredient a skin permeabilizing agent, (C) following electrosurgical resection or removal of the genital wart in such form of a cream, ointment, paste or solution, (D) following chemical resection or extirpation of the genital wart in such form, (E) following surgical resection or removal of the genital wart in such form, wherein said Epicatechins, Epicatechin Oligomers, or Thiolated Epicatechins both provide antiviral activity against multiple strains of human pappilomavirus (HPV) and promote healing following resection polymers contained in a vehicle. Disclosed are the compositions, therapeutical kits containing such composition, methods of treatment using such composition, and methods of enhancing the stability of such composition.

Abstract: The invention provides a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound, wherein R1, R2, R3, Z, A1, L and A2 are as described herein; pharmaceutical compositions thereof; and the use thereof in treating diseases, conditions or disorders modulated by the inhibition of an acetyl-CoA carboxylase enzyme(s) in an animal.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel therapeutic or preventive method, a pharmaceutical composition and use thereof, that exhibit superior anti-obesity effects (body weight-reducing (losing) effects and/or body fat mass-reducing effects). Specifically, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising the combination of a dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor and a sweetener having a GLP-1 secretion-stimulating action, as well as use thereof for the manufacture of a medicament. The present invention also provides a method for treating or preventing obesity, comprising administering an effective amount of (a) a dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor and (b) a sweetener having a GLP-1 secretion-stimulating action to a patient suffering from symptoms of obesity.

Abstract: Apparatus for contacting body fluids with the bio-affinity material is disclosed. The apparatus includes a container having top and bottom lock covers that clip onto the container.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of formula (I) wherein P is P0, heterocyclyl or heterocyclyl substituted by one to five Z formula (II); Y1, Y2, Y3 and Y4 are independently of each other C—H, C—R5, or nitrogen; G1 is oxygen or sulfur; X4 is C1-C8 haloalkyl; R4 is aryl or aryl substituted by one to five R9, or heteroaryl or heteroaryl substituted by one to five R9; and R1, R2, R4, R5, R9 and Z are as defined in the claims. The invention also provides compositions comprising the compounds of formula (I), intermediates useful in the preparation of compounds of formula (I) and methods of using the compounds of formula (I) to control insects, acarines, nematodes or molluscs.

Abstract: A prebiotic formulation for oral administration to a human comprising 2?-fucosyllactose, 3?-sialyllactose and 6?-sialyllactose, and a method for modulating or stimulating the growth of Bifidobacteria in the gut. The formulation may be an infant formula.

Abstract: This process relates to a pharmaceutical composition of an Na—K-ATPase ligand which will stimulate Na/K-ATPase signaling in a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle. In one embodiment, the composition may be used to treat a skin disorder. In another embodiment, the composition may be used to inhibit cardiac fibrosis.

Abstract: Compositions are disclosed which comprise one or more of the following; an anthocyanin, an oligosaccharide, a pectin, or a long-chain fatty acid. Such compositions are useful for treating diabetes or obesity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a combination of a certain DPP-4 inhibitor and an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor for use in therapy, e.g. for use in treating and/or preventing a metabolic disease such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or conditions related thereto. The invention also relates to the use of such combination for improving body weight control, reducing body weight, inducing satiety, inhibiting gastric emptying and/or reducing food intake, in a patient in need thereof.

Abstract: According to the present invention, treatment of prion protein related diseases, and in particular cancer tumours, is effected by providing to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of an agent capable of modulating binding of a prion protein and/or a prion-like protein to a disease related GAG and/or HSPG.

Abstract: A nutritional composition for administration to an infant which composition comprises, on a dry matter basis, from 2.5 to 15.0 wt % of an oligosaccharide mixture consisting of N-acetylated oligosaccharide(s), galacto-oligasaccharide(s) and sialylated oligosaccharide(s) with the proviso that the composition comprises at least 0.02 wt % of an N-acetylated oligosaccharide, at least 2.0 wt % of a galacto-oligosaccharide and at least 0.04 wt % of a sialylated oligosaccharide and that the N-acetylated oligosaccharide(s) comprise 0.5 to 4.0% of the oligosaccharide mixture, the galacto-oligosaccharide(s) comprise 92.0 to 98.5% of the oligosaccharide mixture and the sialylated oligosacchardide(s) comprise 1.0 to 4.0% of the oligosaccharide mixture. The composition is useful for administration to an infant in the first six months of life to reduce the risk of obesity later in life.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising 1.a and/or 1.b according to claim 1 in combination with at least one second therapeutic agent 2 which is suitable in the treatment or prevention of one or more conditions selected from type 1 diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetes mellitus, impaired glucose tolerance and hyperglycemia. In addition the present invention relates to methods for preventing or treating of metabolic disorders and related conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new biphenyl-3-carboxylic acid modulators of beta-3-adrenoceptor activity, pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and methods of use thereof.

Abstract: Methods to introduce highly phosphorylated mannopyranosyl oligosaccharide derivatives containing mannose-6-phosphate (M6P), or other oligosaccharides bearing other terminal hexoses, to carbonyl groups on oxidized glycans of glycoproteins while retaining their biological activity are described. The methods are useful for modifying glycoproteins, including those produced by recombinant protein expression systems, to increase uptake by cell surface receptor-mediated mechanisms, thus improving their therapeutic efficacy in a variety of applications.

Abstract: The invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a macromolecular drug and an oligoguluronate or oligogalacturonate, e.g., having a number average degree of polymerization in the range 5 to 18, a guluronate (or galacturonate) fraction (FG) of at least 0.80, a mannuronate fraction (FM) of no more than 0.20, and having at least 95% mole with a degree of polymerization less than 20. The composition may be used in a method of treatment which comprises administering the composition to a mucosal surface in a human or non-human vertebrate subject.

Abstract: The present invention provides an alginate oligosaccharide and its derivatives with the degree of polymerization ranging from 2 to 22. The alginate oligosaccharide is composed of ?-D-mannuronic acid linked by 1,4 glycosidic bonds. The derivatives with the reduced terminal in position 1 of carboxyl radical can be prepared by oxidative degradation. The present invention also provides a process for preparing the alginate oligosaccharide and its derivatives, which includes the procedures that an alginate solution is reacted for 2 to 6 h in an autoclave at pH 2-6 and the temperature of 100-120° C., and pH is adjusted to 7 after the reaction is stopped, after which the resultant oligosaccharide is oxidized in the presence of an oxidant to obtain an oxidative degradation product. The alginate oligosaccharide and its derivatives of the invention can be used in the manufacture of a medicament for the prophylaxis and treatment of AD and diabetes.

Abstract: Disclosed are nutritional compositions including human milk oligosaccharides that can be administered to individuals including preterm infants, infants, toddlers, and children for improving gastrointestinal function and tolerance, as well as the growth of beneficial bacteria. Additional suitable methods of using the nutritional compositions including the human milk oligosaccharides are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides a method to improve the efficacy of an antibiotic to inhibit the growth of Acinetobacter, said method comprising using said antibiotic together with an alginate oligomer. The Acinetobacter may be on an animate or inanimate surface and both medical and non-medical uses and methods are provided. In one aspect the invention provides an alginate oligomer for use together with at least one antibiotic in treating a subject infected, suspected to be infected, or at risk of infection, with Acinetobacter. In another aspect the method can be used to combat Acinetobacter contamination of a site e.g., for disinfection and cleaning purposes.